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Class 8 Chapter 9_Socio-Religious Reforms_Answers

Chapter 9 discusses socio-religious reforms in 19th century India, highlighting key reformers like Raja Rammohan Roy and Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar who fought against practices such as sati and child marriage. It covers the establishment of organizations like the Brahmo Samaj and the Widow Remarriage Act, as well as the efforts made for women's education and empowerment. The chapter emphasizes the significant social changes and challenges faced by women during this period.

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4 views3 pages

Class 8 Chapter 9_Socio-Religious Reforms_Answers

Chapter 9 discusses socio-religious reforms in 19th century India, highlighting key reformers like Raja Rammohan Roy and Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar who fought against practices such as sati and child marriage. It covers the establishment of organizations like the Brahmo Samaj and the Widow Remarriage Act, as well as the efforts made for women's education and empowerment. The chapter emphasizes the significant social changes and challenges faced by women during this period.

Uploaded by

saranshtaneja47
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Chapter – 9 : Socio-Religious Reforms

Exercises and Answers


A. Choose the correct answer and fill in the blanks.
1. Raja Rammohan Roy founded the ______. Answer: a) Brahmo Samaj

2. The kanya-gurukuls were founded by ______. Answer: c) Dayananda Saraswati

3. The British did not interfere in the Indian society and culture before ______. Answer: b) 1813

4. In 1856, ______ supervised the marriage of an upper caste widow. Answer: c) Vidyasagar

5. ______ established the Sharda Sadan. Answer: d) Pandita Ramabai


B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Veeresalingam Pantulu opened his first girl’s school in 1874.
2. The Aligarh movement was led by the Muslim reformer Sir Syed Ahmed Khan.
3. The practice of marrying more than one woman is known as polygamy.
4. Social reformers rejected blind faith and upheld the ideals of rationalism.
5. Sati was banned by the British government in the year 1829.

C. Match the columns.


Column A Column B
1. Widow Remarriage Society c. Vishnu Shastri Pandit
2. Arya Samaj b. Dayanand Saraswati
3. The Aligarh Movement e. Syed Ahmed Khan
4. Sharda Sadan a. Ramabai
5. Ramkrishna Mission d. Vivekananda
D. State whether true or false. If false, correct the statement.
1. Women received equal status and respect in colonial India. : False. Women did not receive equal status
and respect in colonial India.

2. Malabari’s efforts were driven towards fighting the custom of child marriage. : True
3. Vidyasagar carried on the legacy of Rammohan Roy by taking up the leadership of Brahmo Samaj
after his death. : False. Vidyasagar did not take up the leadership of Brahmo Samaj after Rammohan
Roy’s death.

4. Social reformers rejected blind faith and superstitions. : True


5. Dayananda Saraswati believed that in earlier times women held positions of respect in Indian
society. : True
E. Answer the following questions in 10–20 words.
1.Name a few social practices prevailing in 19th century India.
Answer: Sati, child marriage, polygamy, purdah, female infanticide, and the devadasi system
were prevalent social practices in 19th-century India.

2.Who established the Brahmo Samaj?


Answer: Raja Rammohan Roy established the Brahmo Samaj in 1828 to promote social reform
and abolish practices like sati and child marriage.

3.When was the Widow Remarriage Act passed?


Answer: The Widow Remarriage Act was passed in 1856, allowing Hindu widows to remarry
legally.

4.Write the names of two women reformers in India.


Answer: Pandita Ramabai and Sarojini Naidu were two prominent women reformers in India.
5.Which social reformer fought against the devadasi system?
Answer: R Venkata Ratnam Naidu fought against the devadasi system in South India.

F. Answer the following questions in 50-70 words.


1. Explain the condition of women in the 19th century in India.
 Answer: In the 19th century, women in India faced numerous social evils such as sati, child
marriage, polygamy, purdah, and illiteracy. Widows were often forced to live in difficult
conditions or become sati. Women had limited rights and were largely dependent on their
husbands. Social reformers like Raja Rammohan Roy and Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar worked to
improve their condition.

2. Name three reformers who spearheaded the women’s reform movement in Maharashtra.
 Answer: Three reformers who spearheaded the women’s reform movement in Maharashtra were
Mahadev Govind Ranade, Jyotiba Phule, and D K Karve.

3. What was the state of education for women in the nineteenth century?
 Answer: In the 19th century, women’s education was largely neglected due to societal prejudices.
However, reformers like Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar and Jyotiba Phule established schools for
girls, paving the way for female education.

4. Bring out the efforts made by Pandita Ramabai for improving the condition of the women.
 Answer: Pandita Ramabai worked for the welfare of widows and established the Sharda Sadan, a
school for Indian widows in Bombay. She focused on educating widows and empowering them to
lead independent lives.

5. What efforts were undertaken to facilitate social reform in Muslim society?


 Answer: In Muslim society, reformers like Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and Khwaja Altaf Hussain Hali
promoted education for girls. The Aligarh Movement led by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan also
contributed to the education and emancipation of Muslim women.
G. Answer the following questions in 80-100 words.
1. What led the social reformers to work for the emancipation of women?
 Answer: Social reformers were inspired by the ideas of rationalism, humanism, and liberalism
that emerged in the 19th century. They were appalled by the social evils like sati, child marriage,
and illiteracy that plagued Indian society, particularly affecting women. Reformers like Raja
Rammohan Roy and Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar recognized the need for a progressive society and
worked tirelessly to abolish these practices and improve the status of women.

2. What were the main achievements of Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar?


 Answer: Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar championed female education and established 35 schools for
girls. He played a key role in the legalization of widow remarriage, leading to the passage of the
Widow Remarriage Act in 1856. Vidyasagar also opposed polygamy and child marriage, making
significant contributions to the upliftment of women in 19th-century India.

3. Compare the present status of women with that of the nineteenth and early twentieth century.
 Answer: In the 19th and early 20th centuries, women in India faced severe social restrictions,
including practices like sati, child marriage, and purdah. Education for women was rare, and
widows were often marginalized. Today, women have significantly more rights and opportunities.
They have access to education, can participate in the workforce, and have legal protections against
discrimination. However, challenges like gender-based violence and unequal pay still persist.

4. How did personal experiences lead Rammohan and Vidyasagar to take up the cause of social
reform?

 Answer: Raja Rammohan Roy was deeply affected by the practice of sati, which he witnessed in
his family. This personal experience drove him to campaign against it, leading to the abolition of
sati in 1829. Similarly, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was moved by the plight of widows and
worked to legalize widow remarriage, influenced by his own observations and experiences of the
hardships faced by widows in society.

5. What were the efforts made in north and south India to improve the condition of women?
 Answer: In north India, Swami Dayanand Saraswati founded kanya-gurukuls for female education
and promoted the Arya Samaj’s ideals of women’s respect and education. In south India, reformers
like R Venkata Ratnam Naidu fought against the devadasi system, while Veeresalingam Pantulu
worked for widow remarriage and established schools for girls, contributing to the improvement of
women’s conditions.

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