Sentence parts and features

what is a sentence?
A sentence means a group of words with verb included which makes complete sense.
A sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop.
It always contains a finite verb.

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A sentence maybe a statement, question exclamation or command.
A sentence can be divided into two parts 1) Subject 2) predicate.

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Subject :- To find the Subject , you must first find the verb.

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Ex- Rose painted the mural.

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verb - painted
To find subject ask question

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who or what painted
Rose painted, Rose is the subject

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Sentence parts - object
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An object is a noun or pronoun that recieves the action done by the subject.
There are direct objects , Indirect objects.
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Direct object
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A noun or pronoun that recieves the action directly is the direct object in the sentence.
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Ex:- Harry bought a new car.

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My mom made a cake.

I met my friend.
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she knows all the songs.

we watched a movie.
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Indirect object
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A noun or pronoun that is a secondary object in a sentence. It can be identified by asking the
question ‘whom'.

Ex :- Vandana gave Keerthana a cake.

My mom bought me a new dress.
I gave him a chocolate.
He lent his friend a book.
She made Ravadosa for breakfast.

Sentence part - phrase

What Is a Phrase? – Meaning and Types

A phrase is a part of a sentence which consists of a group of words that give more information about

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the subject, action or event in a sentence. A phrase cannot stand on its own and will not convey

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meaning if separated from the sentence. According to the kind of function it does, it can be classified
into various types and they include the following.

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● Noun Phrase

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● Verb Phrase
● Adverb/Adverbial Phrase

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● Prepositional Phrase
● Adjective/Adjectival Phrase

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Here are some examples of phrases.
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● Anu and Teena (noun phrase)
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● Have been searching (verb phrase)

● Beside the trees (prepositional phrase)
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● Extremely well (adverb phrase)

The house on 6th street (noun phrase)
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Noun Phrase
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1. Rakesh and Seeta are from Chhattisgarh.

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2. Music and dance interests me more than anything else does.

3. Schools and offices have been shut down due to the heavy rains.
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4. We had bread and butter for breakfast.

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5. My mom went to the grocery store to buy fruits and vegetables.

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6. Most students find science and maths more interesting than history and geography.
7. Reading books is my favourite pastime.
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8. Listening to music is her hobby.

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9. The only thing my brother does not like to do is solving trigonometric equations.
10. The new girl became known to the whole school in just a day.
11. A three-legged puppy was found at the corner of the street last week.
12. My father bought my brother a smart watch for his birthday.
13. We finally visited the well-known museum of arts today.

Verb Phrase
 1. Students are practising hard in order to participate in the state tournament.
2. Aaron has been writing multiplication tables for three hours.
3. The dogs have been barking continuously.

Adjective phrases

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1. The boy in the red shirt is new here.

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2. Which one of your trips would you describe as the most adventurous one?

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3. Is the bag by the table yours?

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4. Are you shorter than your brother?

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5. The boy with the Porsche was noticed by everyone.
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6. Can you buy me a box of white homemade chocolates when you come back?
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7. The red-haired Portuguese boy impressed all his teachers in no time.

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8. All the children have read the play about the poor man and the king.
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9. The city is expecting very few sunny days this month.

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10. The tall Egyptian building is one among the wonders of the world.
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Adverbial phrases
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1. On the way to the hospital, I met my friend from school.

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2. Owing to the pandemic, my sister’s batch was exempted from writing exams.

3. Saurab’s friends reached the hilltop exactly in an hour.

4. Probably, by the end of June, we can expect heavy rains.

5. The science teacher asked us to do our records neatly and carefully.

6. All of them did it exactly as informed.

7. All of a sudden, there was a fire in the building.

8. Throughout the year, the residents of the area faced difficulties with power and water supply.

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9. The children were seemingly quiet.

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10. Gautham’s friends could not make it to the wedding in time due to the traffic jam.

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Prepositional phrases

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a. The box was kept under the table.
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b. We were planning to order food during the break.
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c. The girl in the second row is the one who has recently joined.
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d. Before we start class, I would like to talk to you about something.

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e. According to the weather forecast, the next two days are expected to be very sultry.
f. The cafe on the fourth street has really good muffins.
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g. The man with the big moustache had come to the store today morning.
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What Is a Clause? – Meaning and Types

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A clause is also a part of a sentence that consists of a subject and a verb, unlike phrases. They can
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be divided into two main types depending on how they behave in a sentence. The different types of
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clauses are:
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● Main Clause or Independent Clause

● Subordinate Clause or Dependent Clause
 Main Clause Subordinate Clause

It contains a subject and a verb and can stand It contains a subject and a verb but cannot
alone. stand alone. It merely complements the rest of
the sentence.

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It can be used in a simple sentence, a It can be used in a complex sentence and a

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compound sentence and a complex sentence. compound-complex sentence.

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Coordinating conjunctions and correlative Subordinating conjunctions can be used to link

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conjunctions can be used to combine main a subordinate clause and a main clause when

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clauses to form compound sentences and forming complex sentences.

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subordinating conjunctions can be used to a
main clause and a subordinate clause to form a
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complex sentence.
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For example: For example:

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I had tea and chicken samosas. After I reach home, I will give you a call.
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Jose had finally decided to go for a trip for it I did not go to the museum with my friends as I
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had been months since he even got out of the was sick.
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house.
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Examples of Main Clauses

Here are a few examples, with main clauses in bold, to show you how they can be used in
sentences.

● Usha is a teacher.
● Suresh has been running all around as it is his son’s wedding.
● Though we had no interest in watching a movie, we went along with our friends to the
theatre.

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● Nobody knows anything about the new neighbour, so we decided to go talk to them.

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● After a short break, the New Directions will be performing.

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● In today’s event, the final dance by the Loyola Dance Crew will be the highlight of the

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entire event.
● My brother is not keeping well, so my father is taking him to the doctor.

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● I am sure my team will win as they have been practising for months.

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● Even after hours of explanation, the students were not able to understand the

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mathematical theorems. is
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● She does not think she can make it here in time;however, she told me she will come.
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Examples of Subordinate Clauses

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Here are a few examples of subordinate clauses that you can refer to.
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● After watching the Quiet Place, I was petrified.

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● Can you calculate these answer papers if you are free?

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● In case you are ready, we can leave.

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● Are you coming to the concert that I had told you about last week?
● Unless Quinn is fine with scoring low grades, she should not absent herself from classes
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too much.
● She continued to tap on the table though her parents asked her not to.
● I met the teacher who taught me French in college.
● As soon as I found out about your accident, I rushed to the hospital.
● Mathi did not go to work today as she was not keeping well.
 ● No one was paying attention to the chief guest because he had been speaking for a really
long time.

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