TECHNOLOGY

GRADE 8

JUNE 2024
DURATION: 120 MINUTES

MARK ALLOCATION

SECTION A: Design process skills 40

SECTION B: Knowledge 24

SECTION C: Society and Environment 16

TOTAL 80

The test consists of 19 pages excluding the cover page.

Grade 8: Technology 1
Instructions to the learner

1. Read all the instructions and questions carefully.

2. Answer all the questions.
3. Drawings must be clear, neat, and done in pencil.
4. Use the answer book to write all your answers.

The test starts on the next page.

Do not turn the page until you are told to do so.

SECTION A
QUESTION 1
Choose the correct option from the responses provided.

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Write only the letter of the correct answer on the provided ANSWER sheet.

1.1 What does a continuous thick line represent in graphic communication?

A Hidden detail
B Visible edges and outlines
C Projection between views
D Centre lines
(1)

1.2 What does a dashed thin line represent in graphic communication?

A Visible edges and outlines

B Hidden detail
C Projecting between views
D Centre lines
(1)

1.3 What does a chain thin line represent in graphic communication?

A Hidden detail
B Visible edges and outlines
C Projecting between views
D Centre lines
(1)

1.4 In which stage of the design process are detailed costing of a product done?

A Design
B Evaluate
C Investigate

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D Make
(1)

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 (1)
1.5 What is the purpose of dimensioning in graphic communication?

A To provide a visual impact

B To transmit 2D graphic communication
C To indicate the size and shape of objects
D To differentiate between different elements in a drawing

1.6 Why do we use symbols and conventions in graphic communication?

A To represent common objects and actions

B To provide a visual impact from the top view.
C To transmit 2D graphic communication
D To differentiate between different elements in a drawing (1)

1.7 How can a target market help in testing a product?

A By changing a product.
B By providing feedback.
C By buying the product.
D By selling the product. (1)

1.8 In which stage of the design process will you check the strength and weakness of
your design?

A Investigate
B Design
C Make
D Evaluate (1)

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 (1)
1.9 Why do designers evaluate a product before mass production?

A To advertise the product.

B To check that machine tools are operating properly.
C To make improvements.
D To give feedback to the public.

1.10 Products that are designed to be used by girls only may be referred to as …

A gender bias.
B age bias
C unfair practice
D selected girls (1)

1.11 Measuring, marking out, separating, joining, forming, combining, and finishing could
be used during …

A investigating
B designing
C making
D evaluating (1)

1.12 In which stage of the design process will your development a list of product
specifications?

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 (1)
A Investigate
B Design C Make
D Evaluate (1)

1.13 A flowchart is used to show the ……

A dimension of the final product.

B working drawing.
C steps when making the product.
D plans for making the product.

1.14 Which criteria is least important when a device / product is evaluated against fitness
for purpose.?

A Safety
B Efficiency
C Ergonomic properties
D Convenience (1)

1.15 It is important to make annotated notes on freehand drawings to...

A indicates the scale of the drawing.

B indicates the different views of the drawing.
C indicate additional information of the drawing.
D indicate the construction details of the drawing. (1)

1.16 The unit of measurement used in drawings is ...

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 (1)

A millimeters
B centimeters
C meters
D kilometers (1)

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1.17 A short statement in response to a design situation for the development of a solution
that broadly states what a product must do, why it is needed, where it will be used,
who will use it and the advantage it will bring, is called a ...

A design specification
B design constraint
C design brief
D design process (1)

1.18 What do you call drawings with scaled measurements?

A artistic drawings.
B working drawings.
C object drawings.
D measurement drawings. (1)

1.19 Improvements or modifications to the final product are determined by …

A the feeling that you get from the product.

B the amount of money that could be saved when making the product.
C the popularity of the product to the public.
D the extent of how the product meets the design requirements. (1)

1.20 Which safety features should you consider when making a net development / template?

A use a ruler, pencil, and craft knife.

B use a cutting mat, pencil, and eraser.
C use a magazine, ruler, and craft knife.
D use a safety ruler, pencil, cutting mat and craft knife. (1)

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1.21 Why do we use a development (net) in technology?

A. make drawings.
B. cut thin sheets of material.
C. make a product from one sheet of material.
D. make a product from different types of material (1)

1.22 Mpho is a civil engineer. Which aspect should he consider if he is designing a bridge?

A Cost
B Target group
C Efficiency of production line
D The builders (1)

[Source:
Platinum]

1.23 The drawing represents…

A. a cabinet oblique projection

B. a 3D oblique drawing
C. a cavalier oblique drawing
D. a 3D isometric drawing (1)

1.24 At what angle do you draw the sloping lines in an isometric drawing?

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A 15 degrees B
30 degrees
C 45 degrees
D 45 degrees (1)
(24)
QUESTION 2
Read the information below and answer the questions.

Katlego's uncle and aunt reside at the base of the Maluti mountains. The village's access
road, crossing a deep canyon, faces issues with a yearly washed-away wooden bridge
due to the river at the canyon's base.

Katlego’s uncle and aunt live in a village at the foot of the Maluti mountains. The road
leading to the village crosses a very deep canyon, more than 350 meters deep. The
road is narrow and steep from the bottom of the canyon. The wooden bridge that
crosses the river was washed away during flash floods.

The villagers need to cross the river to get to the nearest town. The schools, banks, and
local clinics are situated in the town. The local government requested the Technology
class to design a suitable bridge that will withstand heavy rains. The river is 100 meters
wide at the crossing point.

Requirements:

• Disabled people, learners and community members from the village must be able to
use the bridge to cross the river safely.
• The bridge should be strong and stable enough to last for at least 30 years and to
withstand floods.
• The bridge must have a double lane for traffic/bicycles and a well-protected
pedestrian walk on one side.

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• The height must not exceed 160 mm and the length not 200 mm.
• Only local labour should be used in the construction of the bridge.

2.1 Identify the problem mentioned in the scenario. (1)

2.2 Write a design brief for the identified problem. (3)

2.3 List two specifications that the solution should adhere to. (2)

2.4 List one constraint that the solution should adhere to. (1)

2.5 Your group has designed the bridge illustrated above.

Make a working drawing in 2D of the front view of the bridge. Use a scale of 1:1.
The drawing must be awing must be neat and tidy.
The following criteria will be used to assess your drawing:

Criteria: Mark Mark obtained

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 Working drawing in 2D showing one 2
view with dimensions and line types

Correct dimensions 3
Correct use of scale 2
The drawing is neat and tidy 2
Total: 9
[16]

[40]

SECTION B QUESTION 3

Choose the correct answer by circling only the correct letter on your ANSWER SHEET.

3.1 Identify a simple machine, similar in shape to the inclined plan, but used to increase
the force of moving an object is the …

A class 1 lever
B screw
C wheel & axle
D wedge (1)

3.2 What happens if two spur gears with 20 teeth each, mesh?

A The driver gear and the driven gear rotating in the same direction.
B The driver gear and the driven gear rotating in opposite directions. C The
driven gear rotating faster than the driver gear.
D The driver gear rotating faster than the driven gear. (1)

[Source https://www.omnicalculator.com]

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 3.3 What happens in the illustrated gear train?

A The idler gear changes the gear ratio B Gears A and B rotates in different
directions.
C The idler gear has no effect on the gear ratio
D All three gears rotate in the same direction (1)

3.4 Calculate the gear ratio of the gear system with the driver gear that has 15 teeth
and the driven gear with 45 teeth.

A 1:1
B 1:3
C 3:3
D 3:1 (1)

[Source https://www.omnicalculator.com]

3.5 Calculate the mechanical advantage of the gear system

A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4 (1)

3.6 How does a cam change the input motion of the follower?

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 A Linear motion to rotary motion
B Rotary motion to linear motion
C Rotary motion to reciprocating motion
D Reciprocating motion to linear motion (1)

3.7 Which type of cam causes the follower to remain stationary for half a turn before
gently rising and suddenly falling?

A Circular cam
B Pear-shaped cam
C Snail cam
D Heart-shaped cam (1)

B
A

[Source: FSDoE]

3.8 What will happen to the slider when the crank of A rotates?

A It moves forward in a linear movement

B It moves in a reciprocating movement
C It moves in a rotary movement
D It will not move (1)

[Source:FSDoE]

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 3.9 Identify the type of bridge that span the distance.

A Column bridge
B Truss bridge
C Arch bridge
D Suspension bridge (1)

A
[Source: FSDoE]

3.10 Name the structural member labelled

A Tie beam
B Rafter
C Strut
D King post (1)

3.11 Identify the part of the roof truss illustrated in A

A King post
B Queen post
C Rafter (1)
D Tie beam

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 3.12 Which force is created when bending or twisting a certain material, by pressing on
different parts, in different directions, at the same time?

A tension
B compression
C shearing
D torsion (1)

3.13 Which of the following statements best describes a cantilever?

A A horizontal member above a doorway

B A member under compression
C A horizontal member supported at one end
D A horizontal member supported at both ends (1)

3.14 Which structural failure that is caused by the lack of strength of a material?

A bending
B fracture
C twisting
D toppling over (1)

3.15 Name a disadvantage of a suspension bridge.

A It is difficult to fasten the anchorages due to poor soil conditions.

B It is not sensitive to corrosion. C Cables pull sideways instead of upwards.
D The bridges’ deck is stronger than other bridges. (1)

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 [Source: Via Afrika]

3.16 The illustration above represents…

A triangulation
B folding
C cross-bracing
D tubing

[Source: Via Afrika]

3.17 Identify the force applied to X.

A Compression
B Tension
C Torsion
D Shearing (1)

[Source: DBE workbook]

3.18 Name the metal section to withstand forces and save material.

A square tube
B I - beam
C U - beam
D T - bar (1)

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 3.19 Which one of the following statements is not an advantage of a synthetic material?

A The materials are lighter in weight.

B It is cheaper to produce.
C It requires more maintenance
D It is more durable that natural materials. (1)
3.20 Identify the best method to reinforce a concrete beam.
force
A

B
force

force

force

(1)

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 A

3.21 What happens in stage B when making paper from wood?

A pulping
B chipping
C draining
D bleaching (1)
3.22 Name an advantage of bio-degradable synthetic packaging.

A It creates less pollution by breaking down naturally.

B It takes up space in landfill sites.
C It releases very toxic gases during the breakdown process.
D It does not break down into compost. (1)

3.23 Give the definition of re-manufacturing of paper and cardboard.

A Breaking (tearing) material into small pieces, soak it into water, and then it is broken
up, use the pulp again to make paper.
B Wooden fibers that are soaked and formed into sheets so the material can be
reformed in paper sheets.

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 C Newspaper can be used as insulation in an emergency blanket as well as for
decorating wallpaper.
D The paper pulp can be formed into thick slabs that can be used to make (1) organic
look paper e.g. note pads.

[
Source: Platinum]

2.24 How many faces will the packaging have?

A 3
B 6
C 8
D 11 (1)
[24]
SECTION C: CASE STUDY - THE IMPACT OF PLASTIC TECHNOLOGY QUESTION 4

Read the following case study about plastics and answer the question that follows.

CASE STUDY: DEVELOPMENT OF PLASTIC

The first plastics were developed in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Before then, everyday

items were made from natural materials, such as clay, metal, or wood. Some products
were
even made from ivory and animal hair/skin.

The invention of plastic has had a positive impact on technology because it can do things

Grade 8: Technology 21
 that other materials cannot. Plastics are useful because they are tough, waterproof, light,

easily cleaned and cheap to produce. They do not rust or rot, they insulate well, and they

can be made into any shape. Some technologies that are possible because of plastic

include cinema films, pacemakers, and electrical wire insulation. In this way, plastic has
had
a positive impact on our world.

However, plastic has also had negative impact on the environment. On average, globally,

every person produces about 23 kg of plastic waste each year. This has many harmful
effects on the environment.

Technology has led to the development of newer and better plastics that are more

environmentally friendly than older plastics. These modern plastics have been made to be
biodegradable.

A new type of plastic, made from corn, was tested at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games. It

is completely bio-degradable plastic. Food sellers at the games were allowed to use only

this bio-degradable plastic for their packaging. This made it possible to recycle more than
three quarters of all rubbish thrown away by the visitors to the games.

Bio – degradable plastics are becoming more common.

[Source: FSDoE]
4.1 When was the first plastic invented? (1)

4.2 What were the three common natural materials used before plastic was invented?
Mention any three (3)

4.3 Name six properties of plastic. (6)

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4.4 Name three technologies that developed because of plastic being invented. (3)

4.5 Why do you think plastic made of corn is bio – degradable? (1)

4.6 During which event was a bio-degradable plastic first use? (1)

4.7 Quote a sentence from the case study that emphasizes the negative impact
of plastic on the environment. (1)

[16]

[80]
End of the paper

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