CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc) - SOUNDS

1. International phonetics symbols (Bảng phiên âm quốc tế):

TT Nguyên âm đơn Nguyên âm đôi Phụ âm vô Phụ âm hữu thanh
thanh
1. /i/ / ei / /p/ /b/
2. / i: / / ai / /f/ /v/
3. /e/ / ɔi / // //
4. /æ/ / aʊ / /t/ /d/
5. /ɔ/ / әʊ / /s/ /z/
6. / ɔ: / / iә / /ʃ/ /ʒ/
7. // / eә / / t∫ / / dʒ /
8. / ɑ: / / ʊә / /k/ /g/
9. /ʊ/ / jʊ / /h/ /l/
10. / u: / /m/
11. /ә/ /n/
12. / з: / /ŋ/
13. /r/
14. /w/
15. /j/
2. The English alphabet
A /ei/ B /bi/ C /si/ D /di/ E /i/ F /ef/ G /dʒi/ H /ei⨜/ I /ai/ J
/dʒei/
K /kei/ L /el/ M /em/ N /en/ O /әʊ/ P /pi/ Q /kjʊ/ R /a/ S /es/ T /ti/
V /vi/ W /dbljʊ/ X /eks/ Y /wai/ Z /zed, zi/
3. High frequent tested sounds (Một số nhóm âm thường được kiểm tra):
a. Tổ hợp các chữ cái tận cùng “ed”:
- Phát âm là /id/ nếu liền trước các tổ hợp chữ cái này là các phụ âm /t/ và /d/.
Ví dụ: started /’sta:tid/; acted /’æktid/; lasted/’la:stid/; listed/’listid/;
painted /’peintid/;decided/di’saidid/; provided/prә’vaidid/; landed /’lændid/;
added /’ædid/
Ngoài ra còn có các từ bất qui tắc cụ thể gồm: sacred /’seikrid/; hatred/’heitrid/;
crooked/’krukid/; beloved/bi’lvid/; wicked/’wikid/; naked/’neikid/
- Phát âm là /t/ nếu liền trước các tổ hợp chữ cái này là các phụ âm /k, f, s, ʃ, tʃ, p/.
Ví dụ: cooked/’kukt/; laughed/’la:ft/; glanced/’glænst/; washed/’woʃt/; watched /’wotʃt/;
stopped/’stopt/
- Các trường hợp còn lại phát âm là /d/.
Ví dụ: earned/’з:nd/; played/’pleid/; employed/im’ploid/; died/’daid/; moved/’muvd/
b. Tổ hợp các chữ cái tận cùng “s”:
- Phát âm là /s/ nếu liền trước của chúng là các âm /p,k,t,f,/.
Ví dụ: caps/’kæps/; peaks/’pi:ks/; laughs/’la:fs/; tenths/’tens/
- Phát âm là /z/ đối với các trường hợp còn lại.
Ví dụ: hands/’hændz/; ears/’i:rz/; boys/’boiz/; apples/’æplz/
c. Các cặp nguyên âm đơn:
Ví dụ: /i/ vs. /i:/; /e/ vs. /æ/; /ɔ/ vs. /ɔ:/; // vs. /a:/; /ʊ/ vs. /u:/; /ә/ vs. /з:/
d. Các nguyên âm và phụ âm khác.
3. Exercise: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the
same group.
1. A. geology B. psychology C. classify D. photography
2. A. idiom B. ideal C. item D. identical
3. A. children B. child C. mild D. wild
4. A. both B. myth C. with D. sixth
5. A. helped B. booked C. hoped D. waited
6. A. name B. natural C. native D. nation
7. A. blood B. food C. moon D. pool
8. A. comb B. plumb C. climb D. disturb
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9. A. thick B. though C. thank D. think
10. A. flour B. hour C. pour D. sour
11. A. handed B. booked C. translated D. visited
12. A. car B. coach C. century D. cooperate
13. A. within B. without C. clothing D. strengthen
14. A. has B. bag C. dad D. made
15. A. kites B. catches C. oranges D. buzzes
16. A. student B. stupid C. study D. studio
17. A. wealth B. cloth C. with D. marathon
18. A. brilliant B. trip C. tripe D. tip
19. A. surgeon B. agent C. engine D. regard
20. A. feather B. leather C. feature D. measure
21. A. candy B. sandy C. many D. handy
22. A. earning B. learning C. searching D. clearing
23. A. pays B. stays C. says D. plays
24. A. given B. risen C. ridden D. whiten
25. A. cough B. tough C. rough D. enough
26. A. accident B. jazz C. stamp D. watch
27. A. this B. thick C. maths D. thin
28. A. gas B. gain C. germ D. good
29. A. bought B. naught C. plough D. thought
30. A. forks B. tables C. beds D. windows
31. A. moon B. pool C. door D. cool
32. A. any B. apple C. hat D. cat
33. A. book B. blood C. look D. foot
34. A. pan B. woman C. sad D. man
35. A. table B. lady C. labor D. captain
36. A. host B. most C. cost D. post
37. A. dear B. beard C. beer D. heard
38. A. work B. coat C. go D. know
39. A. name B. flame C. man D. fame
40. A. how B. town C. power D. slow
41. A. dictation B. repetition C. station D. question
42. A. dew B. knew C. sew D. few
43. A. asked B. helped C. kissed D. played
44. A. smells B. cuts C. opens D. plays
45. A. decided B. hatred C. sacred D. warned
46. A. head B. break C. bread D. breath
47. A. blood B. tool C. moon D. spool
48. A. height B. fine C. tidy D. cliff
49. A. through B. them C. threaten D. thunder
50. A. fought B. country C. bought D. ought
51. A. loved B. appeared C. agreed D. coughed
52. A. thereupon B. thrill C. threesome D. throne
53. A. chin B. chaos C. child D. charge
54. A. wasted B. practiced C. laughed D. jumped
55. A. coast B. most C. lost D. whole
56. A. energy B. gain C. gesture D. village
57. A. population B. nation C. question D. station
58. A. meat B. sweat C. leaf D. seat
59. A. antibiotic B. pant C. ant D. want
60. A. height B. myth C. type D. climb
61. A. harm B. wash C. call D. talk
62. A. brought B. ought C. thought D. though
63. A. call B. curtain C. cell D. contain
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 CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc) - SOUNDS
64. A. measure B. decision C. pleasure D. permission
65. A. drought B. fought C. brought D. bought
66. A. builds B. destroys C. occurs D. prevents
67. A. deal B. teach C. break D. clean
68. A. supported B. approached C. noticed D. finished
69. A. unity B. suite C. studious D. volume
70. A. climber B. subtle C. debtor D. probable
71. A. bush B. rush C. pull D. lunar
72. A. bought B. sought C. drought D. fought
73. A. killed B. cured C. crashed D. waived
74. A. thunder B. prefer C. grocer D. louder
75. A. tells B. talks C. stays D. steals
76. A. stomach B. watch C. change D. church
77. A. attacks B. repeats C. roofs D. trays
78. A. drought B. fought C. brought D. bought
79. A. builds B. destroys C. occurs D. prevents
80. A. name B. nation C. native D. natural

Exercise 1: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
01. A. arrived B. believed C. received D. hoped
02. A. opened B. knocked C. played D. occurred
03. A. rubbed B. tugged C. stopped D. filled
04. A. dimmed B. travelled C. passed D. stirred
05. A. tipped B. begged C. quarreled D. carried
06. A. tried B. obeyed C. cleaned D. asked
07. A. packed B. added C. worked D. pronounced
08. A. watched B. phoned C. referred D. followed
09. A. agreed B. succeeded C. smiled D. loved
10. A. laughed B. washed C. helped D. weighed
11. A. walked B. ended C. started D. wanted
12. A. killed B. hurried C. regretted D. planned
13. A. visited B. showed C. wondered D. studied
14. A. sacrificed B. finished C. fixed D. seized
15. A. needed B. booked C. stopped D. washed
16. A. loved B. teased C. washed D. rained
17. A. packed B. punched C. pleased D. pushed
18. A. filled B. naked C. suited D. wicked
19. A. caused B. increased C. practised D. promised
20. A. washed B. parted C. passed D. barked
21. A. killed B. cured C. crashed D. waived
22. A. imagined B. released C. rained D. followed
23. A. called B. passed C. talked D. washed
24. A. landed B. needed C. opened D. wanted
25. A. cleaned B. attended C. visited D. started
26. A. talked B. fished C. arrived D. stepped
27. A. wished B. wrapped C. laughed D. turned
28. A. considered B. rescued C. pulled D. roughed
29. A. produced B. arranged C. checked D. fixed
30. A. caused B. examined C. operated D. advised
31. A. discovered B. destroyed C. developed D. opened
32. A. repaired B. invented C. wounded D. succeeded
33. A. improved B. parked C. broadened D. encouraged
34. A. delivered B. organized C. replaced D. obeyed
35. A. painted B. provided C. protected D. equipped

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36. A. tested B. marked C. presented D. founded
37. A. used B. finished C. married D. rained
38. A. allowed B. dressed C. flashed D. mixed
39. A. switched B. stayed C. believed D. cleared
40. A. recommended B. waited C. handed D. designed
41. A. annoyed B. phoned C. watched D. remembered
42. A. hurried B. decided C. planned D. wondered
43. A. posted B. added C. managed D. arrested
44. A. dreamed B. neglected C. denied D. admired
45. A. admitted B. advanced C. appointed D. competed
46. A. announced B. apologized C. answered D. argued
47. A. complained B. applied C. compared D. polished
48. A. declared B. exchanged C. excused D. joined
49. A. contributed B. jumped C. introduced D. vanished
50. A. whispered B. wandered C. sympathized D. sentenced
51. A. worked B. stopped C. forced D. wanted
52. A. kissed B. helped C. forced D. raised
53. A. confused B. faced C. cried D. defined
54. A. devoted B. suggested C. provided D. wished
55. A. catched B. crashed C. occupied D. coughed
56. A. agreed B. missed C. liked D. watched
57. A. measured B. pleased C. distinguished D. managed
58. A. wounded B. routed C. wasted D. risked
59. A. imprisoned B. pointed C. shouted D. surrounded
60. A. afailed B. reached C. absored D. solved
61. A. invited B. attended C. celebrated D. displayed
62. A removed B. washed C. hoped D. missed
63. A. looked B. laughed C. moved D.stepped
64. A. wanted B.parked C. stopped D.watched
65. A. laughed B. passed C. suggested D. placed
66. A. believed B. prepared C. involved D. liked
67. A. lifted B. lasted C. happened D. decided
68. A. collected B. changed C. formed D. viewed
69. A. walked B. entertained C. reached D. looked
70. A. admired B. looked C. missed D. Hoped
Exercise 2: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
01. A. skims B. works C. sits D. laughs
02. A. fixes B. pushes C. misses D. goes
03. A. cries B. buzzes C. studies D. supplies
04. A. holds B. notes C. replies D. sings
05. A. keeps B. gives C. cleans D. prepares
06. A. runs B. fills C. draws D. catches
07. A. drops B. kicks C. sees D. hopes
08. A. types B. knocks C. changes D. wants
09. A. drinks B. rides C. travels D. leaves
10. A. calls B. glasses C. smiles D. learns
11. A. schools B. yards C. labs D. seats
12. A. knives B. trees C. classes D. agrees
13. A. buses B. horses C. causes D. ties
14. A. garages B. boats C. bikes D. roofs
15. A. ships B. roads C. streets D. speaks
16. A. beliefs B. cups C. plates D. apples
17. A. books B. days C. songs D. erasers
18. A. houses B. knives C. clauses D. changes
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19. A. roofs B. banks C. hills D. bats
20. A. hats B. tables C. tests D. desks
21. A. gives B. passes C. dances D. finishes
22. A. sees B. sings C. meets D. needs
23. A. seeks B. plays C. gets D. looks
24. A. tries B. receives C. teaches D. studies
25. A. says B. pays C. stays D. boys
26. A. eyes B. apples C. tables D. faces
27. A. posts B. types C. wives D. keeps
28. A. beds B. pens C. notebooks D. rulers
29. A. stools B. cards C. cabs D. forks
30. A. buses B. crashes C. bridges D. plates
31. A. proofs B. books C. points D. days
32. A. asks B. breathes C. breaths D. hopes
33. A. sees B. sports C. pools D. trains
34. A. tombs B. lamps C. brakes D. invites
35. A. books B. floors C. combs D. drums
36. A. cats B. tapes C. rides D. cooks
37. A. walks B. begins C. helps D. cuts
38. A. shoots B. grounds C. concentrates D. forests
39. A. helps B. laughs C. cooks D. finds
40. A. hours B. fathers C. dreams D. thinks
41. A. beds B. doors C. plays D. students
42. A. arms B. suits C. chairs D. boards
43. A. boxes B. classes C. potatoes D. finishes
44. A. relieves B. invents C. buys D. deals
45. A. dreams B. heals C. kills D. tasks
46. A. resources B. stages C. preserves D. focuses
47. A. carriages B. whistles C. assures D. costumes
48. A. offers B. mounts C. pollens D. swords
49. A. miles B. words C. accidents D. names
50. A. sports B. households C. minds D. Plays
51. A. lays B. says C. stays D. plays
52. A. roses B. villages C. apples D. matches
53. A. languages B. rabies C. assumes D. consumes
54. A. succeeds B. devotes C. prevents D. coughs
55. A. sees B. sports C. pools D. trains
56. A. widens B. referees C. sacks D. cancels
57. A. tombs B. lamps C. brakes D. invites
58. A. books B. floors C. combs D. drums
59. A. trays B. says C. bays D. days
60. A. closes B. loses C. loves D. chooses
61. A. gives B. phones C. switches D. dives
62. A. studies B. flourishes C. finishes D. glances
63. A. hears B. thanks C. blows D. coincides
64. A. stops B. climbs C. pulls D. televisions
65. A. cats B. tapes C. rides D. cooks
66. A. walks B. begins C. helps D. cuts
67. A. shoots B. grounds C. concentrates D. forests
68. A. tells B. talks C. stays D. steals
69. A. hours B. fathers C. dreams D. thinks
70. A. diseases B. pleases C. loses D. releases
71. A. bushes B. buses C. lorries D. charges
72. A. biscuits B. magazines C. newspapers D. vegetables
73. A. beds B. doors C. plays D. students
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74. A. completes B. engines C. taxis D. ferries
75. A. difficulties B. enriches C. classes D. enlarges
76. A. characters B. problems C. retreats D. universities
77. A. passes B. challenges C. sexes D. tomatoes
78. A. arms B. suits C. chairs D. boards
79. A. licks B. risks C. leans D. drops
80. A. comes B. rolls C. takes D. drives

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