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Constructed Response Question

The document discusses various aspects of chemistry, including the need for its division into branches, the differences between organic and biochemistry, and the properties of materials like graphite and graphene. It also covers the processes of dissolution and crystallization, particularly focusing on potassium nitrate and sodium chloride. Additionally, it highlights the importance of supercritical fluids and the unique characteristics of graphene in electronics.

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11 views6 pages

Constructed Response Question

The document discusses various aspects of chemistry, including the need for its division into branches, the differences between organic and biochemistry, and the properties of materials like graphite and graphene. It also covers the processes of dissolution and crystallization, particularly focusing on potassium nitrate and sodium chloride. Additionally, it highlights the importance of supercritical fluids and the unique characteristics of graphene in electronics.

Uploaded by

hannanhussain8888
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CH no 1

Sates of matter ad phase changes


Q # Short Questions
1- Why is there a need to divide chemistry into many
branches? Give three reasons.
Ans: Three reasons are as follows:
1 Vast scope of the subject.
2 Specialization and expertise.
3 Focused research and discovery.
2- Reactions may take place due to electrons present
outside the nucleus or they may take place inside the
nucleus. Which branches of chemistry cover these two
types of reactions?
Ans: Outer electron reactions are covered by inorganic,
organic and physical chemistry while nuclear reactions are
covered by nuclear chemistry
3- What types of problems are solved in analytical
chemistry?
Ans: Analytical chemistry solves problem related to
identification, quantification and characterization of
substance, determine their composition and structure.
4- Both graphite and graphene have hexagonal layered
structure. What is difference?
Ans: Graphite and graphene differ in their layer structure
graphite consist of multiple stacked layer of graphene while
graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a
hexagonal lattice.
5- Why are supercritical fluids important?
Ans: Supercritical fluids are important because they
combine properties of gases and liquids, enabling efficient
extraction, separation and processing with minimal
environment impact.
6- In which state does matter exist in the Sun?
Ans Plasma state
7- What is importance of graphene?
Ans: Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms with
exceptional strength, conductivity and flexibility.
8- Which form of matter do most of material things in this
world belong to?
Ans: Solid state
Constructed Response Question
Q i. How does a supercritical state look like?
Ans: A supercritical state appears as a single, homogeneous
phase with no distinct liquid-gas boundary.
Q ii. In what is plasma created in a fluorescent tube?
Ans: Plasma in a fluorescent tube is created by electrical
excitation of gas (mercury vapor) producing ions and free
electrons.
Q iii. Most of the molecular we study in biochemistry are
organic in nature. Where does the difference exist in organic
and biochemistry branches of chemistry?
Ans: The difference lies in focus: organic chemistry studies
carbon based compounds, while Biochemistry focuses on the
chemical processes and molecules within living organisms.
Q iv. Give the reason of brilliance shown by diamonds. Can
you improve it?
Ans: Diamond’s brilliance is due to its high refractive index and
dispersion, causing light to bend and separate in to colors.
Improvement: Cutting and polishing diamond to optimal angles
enhances brilliance.
Q v. Explain the dissolution of sodium chloride in water?
Ans: When sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolves in water, the polar
water, molecular attract and separate the Na + and Cl- ions,
breaking the ionic bonds and forming a solution
Q vi. Why do different compounds have different solubilities
in water at a particular temperature?
Ans: Compound have different solubilities in water because
their paltieles interact with water in different ways, with some
forming stranger attractions than others.
Q vii. Why NaCl cannot be crystallized form water just like
KNO3?
Ans: NaCl dissolves completely in water, forming ions that are
highly stable, so it does mot crystallize easily from solution. In
contrast, KNO3 dissolves but can form crystals as the solution
cools because its ions are less stable in water. NaCl requires
evaporation or very low temperature to crystallize not just
cooling.
Q viii. Why graphite is slippery to touch? Which property of
graphite enables it to use as lubricant?
Ans: Graphite is slippery to touch because of its layered
structure. The layers in graphite are held together by weak
forces allowing them to slide over each other easily. This
property of graphite enable it to be used as a lubricant.
Question#05:
Investigative Question
1. Preparation of solution leads to an important process in
chemistry, which enables us to purify a compound
through crystallization. Describe a process in which
potassium nitrate is purified by crystallizing in water.
Ans: To purify potassium nitrate through crystallization:
1- Dissolve impure potassium nitrate in hot water to form a
saturated solution.
2- Filter the solution to remove insoluble impurities.
3- Allow the solution to cool slowly, enabling potassium
nitrate crystals to form.
4- Collect the crystals by filtration and wash with cool water.
5- Dry the crystals to obtain purified potassium nitrate.
This processes explain the difference in solubility of
potassium nitrate in hot and cold water.
2. Graphene is called a miracle and it is the material of the
future. Which of its many properties makes it very useful
in electronic?
Ans: Graphene is highly valuable in the field of electronic and
it is often called a “miracle material” because of its unique
characteristics. It is useful in electronic like:
 It is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a
hexagonal lattice, making it incredibly strong.

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