PROPOSED MARKING GUIDE UACE 2024

PURE MATHEMATICS UMTA

P425/1
NO SOLUTION MKS COMMENT
1 𝑑𝑣
Let 𝑢 = ln 𝑥 , = 𝑥4
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 1 𝑥5
= 𝑥,𝑣 =
𝑑𝑥 5
1 1 1
∫ 𝑥 4 ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 5 𝑥 5 ln 𝑥 − 5 ∫ 𝑥 5 ∙ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1 1
= 5 𝑥 5 ln 𝑥 − 25 𝑥 5 + 𝑐

05
2 For 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 7
2 7 2
𝑦 = − 3 𝑥 + 3 , 𝑚1 = − 3

For 𝑥 = 6𝑦 + 5
1 5 1
𝑦 = 6 𝑥 − 6 , 𝑚2 = 6
𝑚 −𝑚2
Using 𝜃 = tan−1 |1+𝑚
1
|
1 𝑚2
2 1
− −
𝜃= tan−1 | 3 2 6 1|
1+−3×6

15
𝜃 = tan−1 (16)

𝜃 = 43.150
05
3 1−cos 2𝑥
𝑦 = √1+cos 2𝑥

Rationalizing

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 (1−cos 2𝑥)(1−cos 2𝑥)
𝑦 = √(1+cos 2𝑥)(1−cos 2𝑥)

(1−cos 2𝑥)2
𝑦=√ 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠 22𝑥
1−cos 2𝑥
𝑦= sin 2𝑥
𝑑𝑦 sin 2𝑥∙2 sin 2𝑥−(1−cos 2𝑥)∙2 cos 2𝑥
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 2𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 2𝑥−2 cos 2𝑥+2𝑐𝑜𝑠 22𝑥
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 2𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2(1−cos 2𝑥)
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛22𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2(1−cos 2𝑥)
=
𝑑𝑥 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠 22𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2
= 1+cos 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2
= 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
∴ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥

05
4 Let 𝒂 = 2𝒊 − 𝒋 + 𝒌, 𝒃 = 𝒊 − 3𝒋 − 5𝒌, 𝒄 = 3𝒊 − 4𝒋 − 4𝒌
For coplanar vectors, 𝒄 = 𝜇𝒂 + 𝜆𝒃
3 2 1
(−4) = 𝜇 (−1) + 𝜆 (−3)
−4 1 −5
2𝜇 + 𝜆 = 3 ………………………..(i)
−𝜇 − 3𝜆 = −4
𝜇 + 3𝜆 = 4 ………………………...(ii)
𝜇 − 5𝜆 = −4 ………………………(iii)
(ii)−(iii); 8𝜆 = 8
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 𝜆=1
From (ii); 𝜇 + 3(1) = 4
𝜇=1
Substituting for 𝜇 and 𝜆 in (i);
2(1) + 1 = 3
3=3
∴ since the values of 𝜇 and 𝜆 are consistent, then the
vectors are coplanar.
05
5 tan 𝑥 + tan 2𝑥 + tan 𝑥 tan 2𝑥 = 1
2 tan 𝑥 2 tan 𝑥
tan 𝑥 + 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥 + tan 𝑥 ∙ 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥 = 1

tan 𝑥 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝑥 + 2 tan 𝑥 + 2𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 = 1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥

𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝑥 − 3𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 − 3 tan 𝑥 + 1 = 0
Let tan 𝑥 = 𝑚
𝑚3 − 3𝑚2 − 3𝑚 + 1 = 0
Put 𝑚 = −1;
−1 − 3 + 3 + 1 = 0
0=0
If 𝑚 = −1 is a root, then 𝑚 + 1 is a factor.

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  𝑚3 − 3𝑚2 − 3𝑚 + 1 = 0
(𝑚 + 1)(𝑚2 − 4𝑚 + 1) = 0
𝑚 = −1 or 𝑚2 − 4𝑚 + 1 = 0

ALT:
Let 𝑡 = tan 𝑥
2𝑡 2𝑡
𝑡 + 1−𝑡 2 + 𝑡 ∙ 1−𝑡 2 = 1

𝑡 − 𝑡 3 + 2𝑡 + 2𝑡 2 = 1 − 𝑡 2
𝑡 3 − 3𝑡 2 − 3𝑡 + 1 = 0
Put 𝑡 = −1;
−1 − 3 + 3 + 1 = 0
0=0
If 𝑡 = −1 is a root, then 𝑡 + 1 is a factor.

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  𝑡 3 − 3𝑡 2 − 3𝑡 + 1 = 0
(𝑡 + 1)(𝑡 2 − 4𝑡 + 1) = 0
𝑡 = −1 or 𝑡 2 − 4𝑡 + 1 = 0

05
6 9 log 𝑥 5 = log 5 𝑥
9
= log 5 𝑥
log5 𝑥

(log 5 𝑥 )2 = 9
log 5 𝑥 = ±3
When log 5 𝑥 = 3
𝑥 = 53
𝑥 = 125
When log 5 𝑥 = −3
𝑥 = 5−3

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 1
𝑥 = 125

05
7 𝑦 = (1 − 𝑥 )(𝑥 + 2)
Intercepts,
𝑥, 𝑦 = 0
(1 − 𝑥 )(𝑥 + 2) = 0
𝑥 = 1, 𝑥 = −2, (1,0), (−2,0)
𝑦, 𝑥 = 0
𝑦 = (1 − 0)(0 + 2) = 2, (0, 2)

1
A = ∫−2(2 − 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥
1
𝑥2 𝑥3
A = [2𝑥 − − ]
2 3 −2
1 1 8
A = (2 − 2 − 3) − (−6 − 2 + 3)
7 16
A=6+ 3
13 1
A= or 6.5 or 6 2 sq. units
2

05

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 8 32𝑥+1 − 3𝑥+1 − 3𝑥 + 1 = 0
32𝑥 ∙ 31 − 3𝑥 ∙ 31 − 3𝑥 + 1 = 0
3 ∙ (3𝑥 )2 − 3 ∙ 3𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 1 = 0
Let 𝑚 = 3𝑥
3𝑚2 − 3𝑚 − 𝑚 + 1 = 0
3𝑚2 − 4𝑚 + 1 = 0
3𝑚2 − 3𝑚 − 𝑚 + 1 = 0
3𝑚(𝑚 − 1) − (𝑚 − 1) = 0
(3𝑚 − 1)(𝑚 − 1) = 0
1
𝑚 = 3 or 𝑚 = 1

When 𝑚 = 1; 3𝑥 = 1
3𝑥 = 30
𝑥=0
1
When 𝑚 = 3 ; 3𝑥 = 3−1

𝑥 = −1
05
9 3𝑥+3
𝑦 = 𝑥(3−𝑥)

a) 𝑦(3𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) = 3𝑥 + 3
𝑦𝑥 2 + (3 − 3𝑦)𝑥 + 3 = 0
For non-existence, 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0
9(1 − 𝑦)2 − 4 × 𝑦 × 3 < 0
3(1 − 2𝑦 + 𝑦 2 ) − 4𝑦 < 0

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 3𝑦 2 − 10𝑦 + 3 < 0
(𝑦 − 3)(3𝑦 − 1) < 0
1
Critical values ; 𝑦 = 3, 𝑦 = 3

𝑦 1 1 𝑦>3
𝑦< <𝑦<3
3 3
(𝑦 − 3)(3𝑦 − 1) + − +
1
∴For non-existence 3 < 𝑦 < 3

Turning points
For 𝑦 = 3;
3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 3 = 0
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
(𝑥 − 1)2 = 0
𝑥 = 1, (1,3)𝑚𝑖𝑛
1
For 𝑦 = 3 ;
1
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3 = 0
3

𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 9 = 0
(𝑥 + 3)2 = 0
1
𝑥 = −3; (−3, 3)
𝑚𝑎𝑥

b) Intercepts
𝑥; 𝑦 = 0
3𝑥 + 3 = 0
𝑥 = −1, (−1,0)
𝑦; 𝑥 = 0
3(0)+3
𝑦= , y is undefined
0

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 Asymptotes
Vertical,
𝑥 (3 − 𝑥 ) = 0
𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 3
Horizontal,
3 3
+
𝑥 𝑥2
𝑦= 3
−1
𝑥

As 𝑥 → ±∞; 𝑦 → 0
i.e 𝑦 = 0
c)
𝑦
𝑥=3

(1,3)

1
−3,
3 𝑥
(−1,0)
3𝑥 +3
𝑦 = 3𝑥 −𝑥 2

12
10 a) √3 − 𝑥 − √7 + 𝑥 = √16 + 2𝑥
Squaring both sides;

3 − 𝑥 − 2√(21 − 4𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) + 7 + 𝑥 = 16 + 2𝑥

−2√(21 − 4𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) = 6 + 2𝑥

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 −√(21 − 4𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) = 3 + 𝑥
Squaring both sides again,
21 − 4𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = 9 + 6𝑥 + 𝑥 2
2𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 12 = 0
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 6 = 0
(𝑥 + 6)(𝑥 − 1) = 0
𝑥 = −6, 𝑥 = 1
For 𝑥 = −6;
L.H.S = √9 − √1
=2
R.H.S = √4 = 2
For 𝑥 = 1;
L.H.S = √2 − √8
= −√ 2
R.H.S = √18
= 3 √2
∴ 𝑥 = −6

𝑥+2𝑦 𝑦+2𝑧 2𝑥+𝑧

b) Let = = =𝑘
−3 4 5
3𝑥+3𝑦+3𝑧
=𝑘
6
𝑥+𝑦+𝑧
=𝑘
2
2
=𝑘
2

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 𝑘=1
𝑥 + 2𝑦 = −3 …………….(i)
𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 4 ………………(ii)
2𝑥 + 𝑧 = 5 ………………(iii)
From (i); 𝑥 = −3 − 2𝑦
Then in (iii);
2(−3 − 2𝑦) + 𝑧 = 5
−6 − 4𝑦 + 𝑧 = 5
−4𝑦 + 𝑧 = 11……………….(iv)
4(ii)+(iv); 9𝑧 = 27
𝑧=3
From (ii); 𝑦 + 2(3) = 4
𝑦 = −2
From 𝑥 = −3 − 2𝑦
𝑥 = −3 + 4 = 1
∴ 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = −2, 𝑧 = 3
12
11 (cos 4𝜃+𝑖 sin 4𝜃)3(cos 2𝜃−𝑖 sin 2𝜃)5
a) L.H.S = (cos 3𝜃+𝑖 sin 3𝜃)4(cos 4𝜃−𝑖 sin 4𝜃)6
(cos 𝜃+𝑖 sin 𝜃 )12 (cos 𝜃+𝑖 sin 𝜃 )−10
= (cos 𝜃+𝑖 sin 𝜃 )12 (cos 𝜃+𝑖 sin 𝜃 )−24

(cos 𝜃+𝑖 sin 𝜃 )12−10

= (cos 𝜃+𝑖 sin 𝜃)12−24
(cos 𝜃+𝑖 sin 𝜃 )2
= (cos 𝜃+𝑖 sin 𝜃)−12

= (cos 𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃 )14

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 = cos 14𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 14𝜃

b) |𝑧 − 1 − 𝑖 | < 3
Centre, C(1, 1) and radius, 𝑟 = 3 units
Let 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑦𝑖
|𝑥 + 𝑦𝑖 − 1 − 𝑖 | < 3
|(𝑥 − 1) + 𝑖 (𝑦 − 1)| < 3

√(𝑥 − 1)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 < 3

(𝑥 − 1)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 < 9
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 2 < 9
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 7 < 0

12
12 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 , 𝑦 = 10𝑥 − 𝑥 2
For 𝑦 = 10𝑥 − 𝑥 2
Intercepts,
𝑥, 𝑦 = 0
0 = 𝑥 (10 − 𝑥 )
𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 10
(0,0), (10,0)

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 𝑦, 𝑥 = 0
𝑦 = 0(10 − 0) = 0, (0, 0)
Points of intersection
2𝑥 2 = 10𝑥 − 𝑥 2
3𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 = 0
𝑥 (3𝑥 − 10) = 0
10
𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 3

𝑏
V = 𝜋 ∫𝑎 (𝑦12 − 𝑦22 ) 𝑑𝑥
8⁄
V= 𝜋 ∫0 3[(10𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )2 − (2𝑥 2 )2 ] 𝑑𝑥
8⁄
V = 𝜋 ∫0 3(100𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 3 + 𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 4 ) 𝑑𝑥
8⁄
V = 𝜋 ∫0 3(100𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 4 ) 𝑑𝑥
8
100 3 5 ⁄3
V= 𝜋 [ 3 𝑥3 − 5𝑥 4 − 𝑥 ]
5 0

100 8 3 8 4 3 8 5
V=𝜋 ( ) − 5 (3) − 5 (3) − 0
3 3

V = 298.3506𝜋 or 937.2961 cubic unit

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 12
13 sin 5𝑥−sin 7𝑥+sin 8𝑥−sin 4𝑥
a) L.H.S = cos 4𝑥−cos 5𝑥−cos 8𝑥+cos 7𝑥
sin 5𝑥−sin 7𝑥+sin 8𝑥−sin 4𝑥
= cos 4𝑥−cos 8𝑥+cos 7𝑥−cos 5𝑥
2 cos 6𝑥 sin(−𝑥)+2 cos 6𝑥 sin 2𝑥
= −2 sin 6𝑥 sin(−2𝑥)−2 sin 6𝑥 sin 𝑥
2 cos 6𝑥(sin 2𝑥−sin 𝑥 )
= 2 sin 6𝑥 (sin 2𝑥−sin 𝑥 )

= cot 6𝑥
1−𝑡 2 2𝑡 𝑥
b) 4 ( )− 6( ) = 5 ,where 𝑡 = tan ( )
1+𝑡 2 1+𝑡 2 2

4 − 4𝑡 2 − 12𝑡 = 5 + 5𝑡 2
9𝑡 2 + 12𝑡 + 1 = 0
−12±√122−4×9×1
𝑡= 2×9

𝑡 = or 𝑡 =
12
14 3𝑥 3+𝑥+1 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐷
Let (𝑥−2)(𝑥+1)3 ≡ 𝑥−2 + 𝑥+1 + (𝑥+1)2 + (𝑥+1)3
3𝑥 3 + 𝑥 + 1 ≡ 𝐴(𝑥 + 1)3 + 𝐵 (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 1)2 + 𝐶 (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 1) + 𝐷(𝑥 − 2)

Put 𝑥 = 2; 27 = 27𝐴
𝐴=1
Put 𝑥 = −1; −3 = −3𝐷
𝐷=1
Comparing coefficient of;
𝑥3; 3 = 𝐴 + 𝐵
3 =1+𝐵
B= 2
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 Put 𝑥 = 0; 1 = 𝐴 − 2𝐵 − 2𝐶 − 2𝐷
1 = 1 − 2(2) − 2𝐶 − 2(1)
2C= −6
C = −3
3𝑥 3+𝑥+1 1 2 3 1
∴ (𝑥−2)(𝑥+1)3
≡ 𝑥−2 + 𝑥+1 − (𝑥+1)2 + (𝑥+1)3

Hence;
4 3𝑥 3 +𝑥+1 4 1 4 2 4 1 4 1
∫3 𝑑𝑥 = ∫3 𝑑𝑥 + ∫3 𝑑𝑥 − 3 ∫3 𝑑𝑥 + ∫3 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥−2)(𝑥+1)3 𝑥−2 𝑥+1 (𝑥+1)2 (𝑥+1)3
4 4
3 4 1 1 4
= [ln(𝑥 − 2)] + 2 [ln(𝑥 + 1)] + [ ] − [(𝑥+1)2 ]
𝑥+1 3 2 3
3 3
3 3 1 1 1
= (ln 2 − ln 1) + 2(ln 5 − ln 4) + ( − ) − ( − )
5 4 2 25 16

5 3 9
= ln 2 + 2 ln (4) − 20 + 800

= 1.00068428318836
≈ 1.001
12
15 𝑑𝑦 2𝑦
a) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 − 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2𝑦
+ =𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
2
I.F = 𝑒 ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥
I.F = 𝑒 2 ln 𝑥
2
I.F = 𝑒 ln 𝑥
I.F = 𝑥 2
Multiplying through by 𝑥 2
𝑑𝑦
𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 3

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 𝑑
∫ 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥
𝑥4
𝑥 2𝑦 = +𝑐
4

At point (2, 4); 𝑥 = 2 and 𝑦 = 4

4×4=4+𝑐
𝑐 = 16 − 4 = 12
𝑥2 12
∴𝑦= + 𝑥2
4

b) 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣
= 𝑣 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑣
 𝑥 2 (𝑣 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 + (𝑣𝑥 )2 + 𝑥 (𝑣𝑥 )
𝑑𝑣
𝑣 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 1 + 𝑣 2 + 𝑣
𝑑𝑣
𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 1 + 𝑣 2

Separating variables;
1 1
∫ 1+𝑣2 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

tan−1 (𝑣 ) = ln 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑦
tan−1 (𝑥 ) = ln 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑦
= tan(ln 𝑥 + 𝑐 )
𝑥

∴ 𝑦 = 𝑥 tan(ln 𝑥 + 𝑐 )
12
16 1 + 2𝑡
a) 𝒓 = ( 1 + 2𝑡 )
−3 + 𝑡

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 1 + 2𝑡 6
 ( 1 + 2𝑡 ) ∙ (−3) = 13
−3 + 𝑡 2
6 + 12𝑡 − 3 − 6𝑡 − 6 + 2𝑡 = 13
8𝑡 = 16
𝑡=2
𝑥
Let 𝑟 = (𝑦)
𝑧
𝑥 =1+2×2=5
𝑦 =1+2×2=5
𝑧 = −3 + 2 = −1
(5,5,1) is the point of intersection.

Let 𝜃 be the required angle.

𝒅 ∙ 𝒏 = |𝒅||𝒏| sin 𝜃
2 6
(2) ∙ (−3) = √22 + 22 + 12 √62 + (−3)2 + 22 sin 𝜃
1 2
12 − 6 + 2 = 3 × 7 × sin 𝜃
8 = 21 sin 𝜃
8
𝜃 = sin−1 (21)

𝜃 = 22.390
b)

12

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