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Assignment 1

The document outlines an assignment to develop a Linear Regression model using the Least Squares Estimation method to predict salaries based on years of experience. It includes code for data preprocessing, model training, and performance evaluation using Mean Squared Error (MSE). The implementation features data visualization and error calculation for both training and testing datasets.

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Yash Shirsat
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3 views5 pages

Assignment 1

The document outlines an assignment to develop a Linear Regression model using the Least Squares Estimation method to predict salaries based on years of experience. It includes code for data preprocessing, model training, and performance evaluation using Mean Squared Error (MSE). The implementation features data visualization and error calculation for both training and testing datasets.

Uploaded by

Yash Shirsat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 1

Name: Satyajit Shinde


Div: TY AI C Roll No.: 41
PRN: 12211701

Develop and implement a Linear Regression model using the Least


Squares Estimation method to predict a target variable based on a
given dataset. Calculate the sum of squared differences between
the actual and predicted values. The implementation should
include dataset preprocessing, model training, and performance
evaluation using metrics such as Mean Squared Error (MSE).

Code:

import pandas as pd

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

df = pd.read_csv("C:\\Users\\user\\Desktop\\Sem 6\\SI\\salary_data.csv")

df.head()

df.shape

# Splitting the data in X and Y

# where, X has independent variable and Y is dependent variable.

X = df.loc[:,"YearsExperience"]

y = df.loc[:,"Salary"]
# Splitting X and Y into X_train, y_train, X_test,y_test

X_train = X.iloc[:21]

y_train = y.iloc[:21]

X_test = X.iloc[21:]

y_test = y.iloc[21:]

X_train,y_train

# Calculating Line Equation

N = len(X_train)

sum_X = sum(X_train)

sum_Y = sum(y_train)

sum_XY = sum(X_train*y_train)

sum_X_square = sum(X_train**2)

b = ((N * sum_XY) - (sum_X * sum_Y))/((N*sum_X_square)-(sum_X**2))

a = (sum_Y - (b*sum_X))/N

# Predicting Value

def pred(a,b,x):

return a + b*x

for x in X_train:

print(f"Experience : {x} and expected salary is : {pred(a,b,x)}")

for x in X_test:

print(f"Experience : {x} and expected salary is : {pred(a,b,x)}")

c = pred(a,b,6)
c

# Predcting a test on train-sets

pred_test = pred(a,b,X_test)

pred_train =pred(a,b,X_train)

pred_test

pred_train

# plotting Scatter Plot

plt.plot(X_train,pred_train,color="yellow")

plt.scatter(X_train,y_train)

plt.show()

# Plotting Predicted values and Actual values

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.plot(X_test, pred_test, label='Model Prediction')

plt.scatter(X_test, pred_test, color='red', label='Predicted')

plt.scatter(X_test, y_test, label='Actual')


for x, y in zip(X_test, pred_test):

plt.annotate(f'{y:.2f}', (x, y), textcoords="offset points", xytext=(5, 5), ha='left', color='red')

for x, y in zip(X_test, y_test):

plt.annotate(f'{y:.2f}', (x, y), textcoords="offset points", xytext=(5, 5), ha='right')

for x, y_pred, y_actual in zip(X_test, pred_test, y_test):

plt.plot([x, x], [y_pred, y_actual], color='gray', linestyle='--')

plt.xlabel('X_test')

plt.ylabel('Values')

plt.legend()

plt.show()

#Calculating mean Squared error

error_list = []

def mean_squared_error(true,pred):
squared_error = (true - pred)**2

error_list.append(squared_error)

mse = sum(squared_error) / len(true)

return mse

mse_test = mean_squared_error(y_test,pred_test)

mse_train = mean_squared_error(y_train,pred_train)

print(f"Mean Squared Error for testing set is : {mse_test}")

print(f"Mean Squared Error for training set is : {mse_train}")

def abs_error(true,pred):

error = abs(true -pred)

print(f"Error is:\n{error}")

final = sum(error)

ae = final/len(true)

return ae

error_list_mse = []

error_list_mae = []

for i in range(N):

y_pred = np.array([pred(a,b,x) for x in X_train])

mae = abs_error(y_train,y_pred)

mse = mean_squared_error(y_train,y_pred)

error_list_mse.append(mse)

error_list_mae.append(mae)

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