REPUBLIC OF KENYA

NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS

FOR

DIGITAL JOURNALIST

LEVEL 6

TVET CDACC
P.O. BOX 15745-00100
NAIROBI
First published 2019
Copyright TVET CDACC

All rights reserved. No part of these Occupational Standards may be reproduced,

distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying,
recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods without the prior written permission
of the TVET CDACC, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews
and certain other non-commercial uses permitted by copyright law. For permission
requests, write to the Council Secretary/CEO, at the address below:

Council Secretary/CEO
TVET Curriculum Development, Assessment and Certification Council
P.O. Box 15745–00100
Nairobi, Kenya
Email: [email protected]/[email protected]

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 FOREWORD
The provision of quality education and training is fundamental to the Government’s
overall strategy for social economic development. Quality education and training will
contribute to achievement Kenya’s development blue print and sustainable development
goals.

Reforms in the education sector are necessary for the achievement of Kenya Vision 2030
and meeting the provisions of the Constitution of Kenya 2010. The education sector had
to be aligned to the Constitution and this resulted to the formulation of the Policy
Framework for Reforming Education and Training (Sessional Paper No. 4 of 2016). A
key feature of this policy is the radical change in the design and delivery of the TVET
training. This policy document requires that training in TVET be competency based,
curriculum development be industry led, certification be based on demonstration of
competence and mode of delivery allows for multiple entry and exit in TVET
programmes.

These reforms demand that Industry takes a leading role in curriculum development to
ensure the curriculum addresses its competence needs. It is against this background that
these Occupational Standards were developed for the purpose of developing a
competency based curriculum for digital journalisn Level 6. These Occupational
Standards will also be the bases for assessment of an individual for competence
certification.

It is my conviction that these Occupational Standards will play a great role towards
development of competent human resource for the media sector’s growth and sustainable
development.

PRINCIPAL SECRETARY, VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL TRAINING

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

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 PREFACE
Kenya Vision 2030 aims to transform the country into a newly industrializing, “middle-
income country providing a high quality life to all its citizens by the year 2030”. Kenya
intends to create a globally competitive and adaptive human resource base to meet the
requirements of a rapidly industrializing economy through life-long education and
training. TVET has a responsibility of facilitating the process of inculcating knowledge,
skills and attitudes necessary for catapulting the nation to a globally competitive country,
hence the paradigm shift to embrace Competency Based Education and Training (CBET).

The Technical and Vocational Education and Training Act No. 29 of 2013 and the
Sessional Paper No. 4 of 2016 on Reforming Education and Training in Kenya,
emphasized the need to reform curriculum development, assessment and certification.
This called for shift to CBET to address the mismatch between skills acquired through
training and skills needed by industry as well as increase the global competitiveness of
Kenyan labour force.

The TVET Curriculum Development, Assessment and Certification Council (TVET

CDACC), in conjunction with journalism Sector Skills Advisory Committee (SSAC),
These Standards will also be the bases for assessment of an individual for competence
certification.

The occupational standards are designed and organized with clear performance criteria
for each element of a unit of competency. These standards also outline the required
knowledge and skills as well as evidence guide.

I am grateful to the Council Members, Council Secretariat, journalism SSAC, expert

workers and all those who participated in the development of these occupational
standards.

CHAIRMAN
TVET Curriculum Development, Assessment and Certification Council

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
These Occupational Standards were developed through combined effort of various
stakeholders from private and public organizations. I am sincerely thankful to the
management of these organizations for allowing their staff to participate in this course. I
wish to acknowledge the invaluable contribution of industry players who provided inputs
towards the development of these Standards.

I thank TVET Curriculum Development, Assessment and Certification Council (TVET

CDACC) for providing guidance on the development of these Standards. My gratitude
goes to the journalism Sector Skills Advisory Committee (SSAC) members for their
contribution to the development of these Standards. I thank all the individuals and
organizations who participated in the validation of these Standards.

I acknowledge all other institutions which in one way or another contributed to the
development of these Standards.

CHAIRMAN
JOURNALISM SECTOR SKILLS ADVISORY COMMITTEE

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 ACRONYMS AND ABREVIATIONS

BC : Basic Competency

CDACC : Curriculum Development, Assessment and Certification Council

CR : Core Competency

ICT : Information Communication Technology

KNQA : Kenya National Qualifications Authority

OS : Occupational Standards

OSHA : Occupation Safety and Health Act

OSHS : Occupation Safety and Health Standards

PPE : Personal Protective Equipment

SSAC : Sector Skills Advisory Committee

TVET : Technical and Vocational Education and Training

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KEY TO UNIT CODE

MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/01/6/ A

Industry or sector

Occupational Standards

Occupational area

Type of competency

Competency number

Competency level

Control Version

©TVETCDACC@2019 7
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD...................................................................................................................................ii
PREFACE......................................................................................................................................iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT................................................................................................................iv
ACRONYMS...................................................................................................................................v
OVERVIEW.................................................................................................................................viii
BASIC UNITS OF COMPETENCY...............................................................................................1
DEMONSTRATE COMMUNICATION SKILLS.........................................................................2
DEMONSTRATE NUMERACY SKILLS.....................................................................................7
DEMONSTRATE DIGITAL LITERACY....................................................................................13
DEMONSTRATE ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS....................................................................18
DEMONSTRATE EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS..........................................................................27
DEMONSTRATE ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY.................................................................36
DEMONSTRATE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PRACTICES........................44
COMMON UNITS OF COMPETENCE......................................................................................50
APPLY MEDIA LAW..................................................................................................................51
DEMONSTRATE MEDIA ETHICS............................................................................................55
CORE UNITS OF COMPETENCY..............................................................................................59
DESIGN MULTIMEDIA GRAPHICS.........................................................................................60
APPLY WEB TECHNOLOGY....................................................................................................64
PRODUCE DIGITAL CONTENT................................................................................................68
PRACTICE MOBILE JOURNALISM.........................................................................................73
CONDUCT COMPUTER ASSISTED REPORTING..................................................................77
WRITE AND REPORT NEWS....................................................................................................81
PRODUCE FEATURE STORIES................................................................................................86
CARRY OUT INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM.......................................................................90
PRACTICE PHOTOJOURNALISM............................................................................................94
APPLY MEDIA CONVERGENCE..............................................................................................98
PLAN AND MANAGE JOURNALISM PROJECT..................................................................101
CONDUCT RESEARCH IN JOURNALISM.............................................................................105
DEMONSTRATE MASS COMMUNICATION........................................................................109
APPLY FUNDAMENTALS OF DIGITAL JOURNALISM.....................................................113
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 OVERVIEW
This course is designed to equip an individual with competencies for practising digital
journalism. It further aims at equipping the individual with competencies for
demonstrating the understanding of mass communication, writing and report news,
carrying out investigative journalism, conducting research in mass communication,
producing feature stories, planning and manage project, applying media convergence,
demonstrating the understanding of information communication technology (ICT),
applying fundamentals of digital journalism, practising photojournalism, designing
multimedia graphics, demonstrating the understanding of web technology, producing
digital content, practicing mobile journalism and carrying out computer assisted
reporting.

This qualification consists of the following basic and core competencies:

BASIC COMPETENCIES

Unit Code Unit Title

MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/01/6 Demonstrate communication skills
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/02/6 Demonstrate numeracy skills
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/03/6 Demonstrate digital literacy
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/04/6 Demonstrate entrepreneurial skills
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/05/6 Demonstrate employability skills
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/06/6 Demonstrate environmental literacy
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/07/6 Demonstrate occupational safety and health
practices

COMMON UNITS OF COMPETENCIES

Unit Code Unit Title
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CC/01/6 Apply Media Law
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CC/02/6 Demonstrate Media Ethics

CORE COMPETENCIES
Unit Code Unit Title
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/01/6 Design multimedia graphics
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/02/6 Apply web technology
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/03/6 Produce digital content
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/04/6 Practice mobile journalism
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/05/6 Conduct computer assisted reporting
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/06/6 Write and report news
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/07/6 Produce feature stories
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MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/08/6 Carry out investigative journalism
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/09/6 Practice photojournalism
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/10/6 Apply media convergence
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/11/6 Plan and manage journalism project
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/12/6 Conduct research in journalism
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/13/6 Demonstrate mass communication
MDJ/CU/ DIJ /CR/14/6 Apply fundamentals of digital journalism

©TVETCDACC@2019 10
 BASIC UNITS OF COMPETENCY

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 DEMONSTRATE COMMUNICATION SKILLS
UNIT CODE: MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/01/6

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit covers the competencies required in meeting communication needs of clients
and colleagues; developing, establishing, maintaining communication pathways and
strategies. It also covers competencies for conducting interview, facilitating group
discussion and representing the organization in various forums.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
ELEMENT
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
1. Meet communication 1.1. Specific communication needs of clients and
needs of clients and colleagues are identified and met
colleagues 1.2. Different approaches are used to meet
communication
needs of clients and colleagues
1.3. Conflict is addressed promptly and in a timely way
and in a manner, which does not compromise the
standing of the organization.
2. Develop 2.1. Strategies for effective internal and external
communication dissemination of information are developed to
strategies meet the organization’s requirements
2.2. Special communication needs are considered in
developing strategies to avoid discrimination in the
workplace
2.3. Communication strategies are analysed, evaluated
and revised where necessary to make sure they are
effective
3. Establish and 3.1. Pathways of communication are established to
maintain meet requirements of organization and workforce
communication 3.2. Pathways are maintained and reviewed to ensure
pathways personnel are informed of relevant information
4. Promote use of 4.1. Information is provided to all areas of the
communication organization to facilitate implementation of the
strategies strategy
4.2. Effective communication techniques are
articulated and modelled to the workforce

©TVETCDACC@2019 12
 4.3. Personnel are given guidance about adapting
communication strategies to suit a range of
contexts
5. Conduct interview 5.1. A range of appropriate communication strategies
are employed in interview situations
5.2. Records of interviews are made and maintained in
accordance with organizational procedures
5.3. Effective questioning, listening and nonverbal
communication techniques are used to ensure that
required message is communicated
6. Facilitate group 6.1. Mechanisms which enhance effective group
discussion interaction is defined and implemented
6.2. Strategies which encourage all group members to
participate are used routinely
6.3. Objectives and agenda for meetings and
discussions are routinely set and followed
6.4. Relevant information is provided to group to
facilitate outcomes
6.5. Evaluation of group communication strategies is
undertaken to promote participation of all parties
6.6. Specific communication needs of individuals are
identified and addressed
7. Represent the 7.1. When participating in internal or external forums,
organization presentation is relevant, appropriately researched
and presented in a manner to promote the
organization
7.2. Presentation is clear and sequential and delivered
within a predetermined time
7.3. Appropriate media is utilized to enhance
presentation
7.4. Differences in views are respected
7.5. Written communication is consistent with
organizational standards
7.6. Inquiries are responded in a manner consistent
with organizational standard

RANGE
This section provides work environment and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply.
©TVETCDACC@2019 13
It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect performance.
Range
Variable

 Communication strategies  Language switch

includes but not limited to:  Comprehension check
 Repetition
 Asking confirmation
 Paraphrase
 Clarification request
 Translation
 Restructuring
 Approximation
 Generalization
 Interview situations  Establishing rapport
includes but not limited to:  Eliciting facts and information
 Facilitating resolution of issues
 Developing action plans
 Diffusing potentially difficult situations
 Effective group interaction  Identifying and evaluating what is
includes but not limited to: occurring within an interaction in a non-
judgmental way
 Using active listening
 Making decision about appropriate words,
behaviour
 Putting together response which is
culturally appropriate
 Expressing an individual perspective
 Expressing own philosophy, ideology and
background and exploring impact with
relevance to communication

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills

The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:

 Effective communication
 Active listening
 Giving/receiving feedback
©TVETCDACC@2019 14
 Interpretation of information
 Role boundaries setting
 Negotiation
 Establishing empathy
 Openness and flexibility in communication
 Communication skills required to fulfil job roles as specified by the organization
 Writing communications strategy
 Applying key elements of communications strategy
Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Communication process
 Dynamics of groups and different styles of group leadership
 Communication skills relevant to client groups
 Flexibility in communication
 Communication skills relevant to client groups
 Key elements of communications strategy

EVIDENCE GUIDE

This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.
1. Critical aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
of Competency 1.1 Demonstrate the ability to meet communication needs of
clients and colleagues
1.2 Demonstrate the ability to develop communication
strategies
1.3 Demonstrate the ability to establish and maintain
communication pathways
1.4 Demonstrate the ability to promote use of
communication strategies
1.5 Demonstrate the ability to conduct interview
1.6 Demonstrate the ability to facilitate group discussion
1.7 Demonstrate the ability to represent the organization

2. Resource The following resources should be provided:

Implications 2.1 Access to relevant workplace or appropriately simulated
environment where assessment can take place
2.2 Materials relevant to the proposed activity or tasks
3. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:

©TVETCDACC@2019 15
 Assessment 3.1 Direct Observation
3.2 Demonstration with Oral Questioning
3.3 Written Examination
3.4 Third Party reports
4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or
Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for sector, workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 16
 DEMONSTRATE NUMERACY SKILLS

UNIT CODE: MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/02/6

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit describes the competencies required by a worker in order to apply a wide range
of mathematical calculations for work; apply ratios, rates and proportions to solve
problems; estimate, measure and calculate measurement for work; Use detailed maps to
plan travel routes for work; Use geometry to draw and construct 2D and 3D shapes for
work; Collect, organize and interpret statistical data; Use routine formula and algebraic
expressions for work and use common functions of a scientific calculator

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the required
outcomes which make level of performance for each of the elements.
up workplace function. Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range.
1. Apply a wide range of 1.1 Mathematical information embedded in a range of
mathematical workplace tasks and texts is extracted
calculations for work 1.2 Mathematical information is interpreted and
comprehended
1.3 A range of mathematical and problem solving
processes are select and used
1.4 Different forms of fractions, decimals and
percentages are flexibly used
1.5 Calculation performed with positive and negative
numbers
1.6 Numbers are expressed as powers and roots and are
used in calculations
1.7 Calculations done using routine formulas
1.8 Estimation and assessment processes are used to
check outcome
1.9 Mathematical language is used to discuss and
explain the processes, results and implications of the
task
2. Use and apply ratios, 2.1 Information regarding ratios, rates and proportions
rates and proportions extracted from a range of workplace tasks and texts
for work 2.2 Mathematical information related to ratios, rate and
©TVETCDACC@2019 17
 proportions is analysed
2.3 Problem solving processes are used to undertake
the task
2.4 Equivalent ratios and rates are simplified
2.5 Quantities are calculated using ratios, rates and
proportions
2.6 Graphs, charts or tables are constructed to represent
ratios, rates and proportions
2.7 The outcomes reviewed and checked
2.8 Information is record using mathematical language
and symbols
3. Estimate, measure 3.1 Measurement information embedded in workplace
and calculate texts and tasks are extracted and interpreted
measurement for 3.2 Appropriate workplace measuring equipment are
work identified and selected
3.3 Accurate measurements are estimate and made
3.4 The area of 2D shapes including compound shapes
are calculated
3.5 The volume of 3D shapes is calculated using
relevant formulas
3.6 Sides of right angled triangles are calculated using
Pythagoras’ theorem
3.7 conversions are perform between units of
measurement
3.8 Problem solving processes are used to undertake the
task
3.9 The measurement outcomes are reviewed and
checked
3.10 Information is recorded using mathematical
language and symbols appropriate for the task
4. Use detailed maps to 4.1 Different types of maps are identified and
plan travel routes for interpreted
work 4.2 Key features of maps are identified
4.3 Scales are identified and interpreted
4.4 Scales are applied to calculate actual distances
4.5 Positions or locations are determined using
directional information
4.6 Routes are planned by determining directions and
calculating distances, speeds and times
©TVETCDACC@2019 18
 4.7 Information is gathered and identified and relevant
factors related to planning a route checked
4.8 Relevant equipment is select and checked for
accuracy and operational effectiveness
4.9 Task is planned and recorded using specialized
mathematical language and symbols appropriate for
the task
5. Use geometry to draw 5.1 A range of 2D shapes and 3D shapes and their uses
2D shapes and in work contexts is identified
construct 3D shapes 5.2 Features of 2D and 3D shapes are named and
for work described
5.3 Types of angles in 2D and 3D shapes are identified
5.4 Angles are drawn, estimated and measured using
geometric instruments
5.5 Angle properties of 2D shapes are named and
identified
5.6 Angle properties are used to evaluate unknown
angles in shapes
5.7 Properties of perpendicular and parallel lines are
applied to shapes
5.8 Understanding and use of symmetry is demonstrated
5.9 Understanding and use of similarity is demonstrated
5.10 The workplace tasks and mathematical processes
required are identified
5.11 2D shapes is drawn for work
5.12 3D shapes is constructed for work
5.13 The outcomes are reviewed and checked
5.14 Specialized mathematical language and symbols
appropriate for the task are used
6. Collect, organize, 6.1 Workplace issue requiring investigation are
and interpret identified
statistical data for 6.2 Audience / population / sample unit is determined
work 6.3 Data to be collected is identified
6.4 Data collection method is selected
6.5 Appropriate statistical data is collected and
organized
6.6 Data is illustrated in appropriate formats
6.7 The effectiveness of different types of graphs are
compared
©TVETCDACC@2019 19
 6.8 The summary statistics for collected data is
calculated
6.9 The results / findings are interpreted
6.10 Data is checked to ensure that it meets the expected
results and content
6.11 Information from the results including tables,
graphs and summary statistics is extracted and
interpreted
6.12 Mathematical language and symbols are used to
report results of investigation
7. Use routine formula 7.1 Understanding of informal and symbolic notation,
and algebraic representation and conventions of algebraic
expressions for work expressions is demonstrated
7.2 Simple algebraic expressions and equations are
developed
7.3 Operate on algebraic expressions
7.4 Algebraic expressions are simplified
7.5 Substitution into simple routine equations is done
7.6 Routine formulas used for work tasks are identified
and comprehended
7.7 Routine formulas are evaluate by substitution
7.8 Routine formulas transposed
7.9 Appropriate formulas are identified and used for
work related tasks
7.10 Outcomes are checked and result of
calculation used
8. Use common 8.1 Required numerical information to perform tasks is
functions of a located
scientific calculator 8.2 The order of operations and function keys necessary
for work to solve mathematical calculation are determined
8.3 Function keys on a scientific calculator are
identified and used
8.4 Estimations are referred to check reasonableness of
problem solving process
8.5 Appropriate mathematical language, symbols and
conventions are used to report results

RANGE

©TVETCDACC@2019 20
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect
performance.

Variable Range
 Geometry May include but not limited to:
 Scale drawing
 Triangles
 Simple solid
 Round
 Square
 Rectangular
 Triangle
 Sphere
 Cylinder
 Cube
 Polygons
1.1 Cuboids

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Applying Fundamental operations (addition, subtraction, division, multiplication)
 Using calculator
 Using different measuring tools

Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Types of common shapes
 Differentiation between two dimensional shapes / objects
 Formulae for calculating area and volume
 Types and purpose of measuring instruments
 Units of measurement and abbreviations
 Fundamental operations (addition, subtraction, division, multiplication)
 Rounding techniques
©TVETCDACC@2019 21
  Types of fractions
 Different types of tables and graphs
 Meaning of graphs, such as increasing, decreasing, and constant value
 Preparation of basic data, tables & graphs
EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate :

Competency 1.1 Applied a wide range of mathematical calculations for
work
1.2 Demonstrated the ability to use and apply ratios, rates
and proportions for work
1.3 Estimated, measured and calculated measurement for
work
1.4 Demonstrated the ability to use detailed maps to plan
travel routes for work
1.5 Demonstrated the ability to use geometry to draw 2D
shapes and construct 3D shapes for work
1.6 Collected, organized, and interpreted statistical data for
work
1.7 Demonstrated the ability to use routine formula and
algebraic expressions for work.
2. Resource Implications 2.1 Calculator
1.2 Basic measuring instruments
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment
3.1 Written Test
3.2 Interview/Oral Questioning
3.3 Demonstration
4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial
Assessment or a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance information Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
for assessment sector, workplace and job role is recommended.

©TVETCDACC@2019 22
©TVETCDACC@2019 23
 DEMONSTRATE DIGITAL LITERACY

UNIT CODE: MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/03/6

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit covers the competencies required to effectively use digital devices such as
smartphones, tablets, laptops and desktop PCs. It entails identifying and using digital
devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops and desktop PCs for purposes of
communication, work performance and management at the work place.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the These are assessable statements which specify the required
key outcomes which level of performance for each of the elements.
make up workplace
function Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range

1. Identify 1.1 Concepts of ICT are determined in accordance with

appropriate computer equipment
computer 1.2 Classifications of computers are determined in accordance
software and with manufacturers specification
hardware 1.3 Appropriate computer software is identified according to
manufacturer’s specification
1.4 Appropriate computer hardware is identified according to
manufacturer’s specification
1.5 Functions and commands of operating system are
determined in accordance with manufacturer’s
specification
2. Apply security 2.1 Data security and privacy are classified in accordance
measures to with the prevailing technology
data, hardware, 2.2 Security threats reidentified and control measures are
software in applied in accordance with laws governing protection of
automated ICT
environment 2.3 Computer threats and crimes are detected.
2.4 Protection against computer crimes is undertaken in
accordance with laws governing protection of ICT
3. Apply computer 3.1 Word processing concepts are applied in resolving
software in workplace tasks, report writing and documentation
solving tasks 3.2 Word processing utilities are applied in accordance with
workplace procedures

©TVETCDACC@2019 24
 3.3 Worksheet layout is prepared in accordance with work
procedures
3.4 Worksheet is build and data manipulated in the worksheet
in accordance with workplace procedures
3.5 Continuous data manipulated on worksheet is undertaken
in accordance with work requirements
3.6 Database design and manipulation is undertaken in
accordance with office procedures
3.7 Data sorting, indexing, storage, retrieval and security is
provided in accordance with workplace procedures
4. Apply internet 4.1 Electronic mail addresses are opened and applied in
and email in workplace communication in accordance with office
communication policy
at workplace 4.2 Office internet functions are defined and executed in
accordance with office procedures
4.3 Network configuration is determined in accordance with
office operations procedures
4.4 Official World Wide Web is installed and managed
according to workplace procedures
5. Apply Desktop 5.1 Desktop publishing functions and tools are identified in
publishing in accordance with manufactures specifications
official 5.2 Desktop publishing tools are developed in accordance with
assignments work requirements
5.3 Desktop publishing tools are applied in accordance with
workplace requirements
5.4 Typeset work is enhanced in accordance with workplace
standards
6. Prepare 6.1 Types of presentation packages are identified in
presentation accordance with office requirements
packages 6.2 Slides are created and formulated in accordance with
workplace procedures
6.3 Slides are edited and run in accordance with work
procedures
6.4 Slides and handouts are printed according to work
requirements

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect
performance.

Variable Range
 Appropriate A collection of instructions or computer tools that enable
©TVETCDACC@2019 25
 computer software the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or
may include but perform tasks.
not limited to:
 Appropriate Collection of physical parts of a computer system such as;
computer  Computer case, monitor, keyboard, and mouse
hardware may  All the parts inside the computer case, such as the hard
include but not disk drive, motherboard and video card
limited to:

 Data security and  Confidentiality of data

privacy may  Cloud computing
include but not  Integrity -but-curious data surfing
limited to:
 Security and  Counter measures against cyber terrorism
control measures  Risk reduction
may include but  Cyber threat issues
 Risk management
not limited to:
 Pass-wording
 Security threats  Cyber terrorism
may include but  Hacking
not limited to:
 Word processing  Using a special program to create, edit and print
concepts may documents
include but not
limited to:
 Network  Organizing and maintaining information on the
configuration may components of a computer network
include but not
limited to:

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills

The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:

 Analytical skills
 Interpretation
 Typing
 Communication
©TVETCDACC@2019 26
  Computing (applying fundamental operations such as addition, subtraction,
division and multiplication)
 Using calculator
 Basic ICT skills

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Software concept
 Functions of computer software and hardware
 Data security and privacy
 Computer security threats and control measures
 Technology underlying cyber-attacks and networks
 Cyber terrorism
 Computer crimes
 Detection and protection of computer crimes
 Laws governing protection of ICT
 Word processing;
 Functions and concepts of word processing.
 Documents and tables creation and manipulations
 Mail merging
 Word processing utilities
 Spread sheets;
 Meaning, formulae, function and charts, uses and layout
 Data formulation, manipulation and application to cells

 Database;
 Database design, data manipulation, sorting, indexing,
storage retrieval and security
 Desktop publishing;
 Designing and developing desktop publishing tools
 Manipulation of desktop publishing tools
 Enhancement of typeset work and printing documents
 Presentation Packages;
 Types of presentation Packages
 Creating, formulating, running, editing, printing and
presenting slides and handouts
 Networking and Internet;
 Computer networking and internet.
 Electronic mail and world wide web
 Emerging trends and issues in ICT;
 Identify and integrate emerging trends and issues in ICT
 Challenges posed by emerging trends and issues

©TVETCDACC@2019 27
EVIDENCE GUIDE

This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the performance
criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.
1. Critical Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
Aspects of 1.1 Identified and controlled security threats
Competency 1.2 Detected and protected computer crimes
1.3 Applied word processing in office tasks
1.4 Designed, prepared work sheet and applied data to the cells
in accordance to workplace procedures
1.5 Opened electronic mail for office communication as per
workplace procedure
1.6 Installed internet and World Wide Web for office tasks in
accordance with office procedures
1.7 Integrated emerging issues in computer ICT applications
1.8 Applied laws governing protection of ICT
2. Resource 2.1 Tablets
Implications 2.2 Laptops and
2.3 Desktop PCs
2.4 Desktop computer
2.5 Lap top
2.6 Calculator
2.7 Internet
2.8 Smart phone
2.9 Operations Manuals
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment
3.1 Written Test
3.2 Demonstration
3.3 Practical assignment
3.4 Interview/Oral Questioning

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial

Assessment or a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for sector, workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 28
 DEMONSTRATE ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS
UNIT CODE: MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/04/6

UNIT DESCRIPTION

This unit covers the competencies required to demonstrate understanding of

entrepreneurship. It involves demonstrating understanding of an entrepreneur,
entrepreneurship and self-employment. It also involves identifying entrepreneurship
opportunities, creating entrepreneurial awareness, applying entrepreneurial motivation
and developing business innovative strategies.
ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

©TVETCDACC@2019 29
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
1. Demonstrate 1.1 Entrepreneurs and Business persons are
understanding of an distinguished as per principles of
Entrepreneur entrepreneurship
1.2 Types of entrepreneurs are identified as
per principles of entrepreneurship
1.3 Ways of becoming an Entrepreneur are
identified as per principles of
Entrepreneurship
1.4 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs are
identified as per principles of
Entrepreneurship
1.5 Factors affecting Entrepreneurship
development are explored as per principles
of Entrepreneurship
2. Demonstrate 2.1 Entrepreneurship and self-employment are
understanding of distinguished as per principles of
Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship
self-employment 2.2 Importance of self-employment is analysed
based on business procedures and strategies
2.3 Requirements for entry into self-
employment are identified according to
business procedures and strategies
2.4 Role of an Entrepreneur in business is
determined according to business
procedures and strategies
2.5 Contributions of Entrepreneurs to National
development are identified as per business
procedures and strategies
2.6 Entrepreneurship culture in Kenya is
explored as per business procedures and
strategies
2.7 Born or made Entrepreneurs are
distinguished as per entrepreneurial traits
3. Identify Entrepreneurship 3.1 Sources of business ideas are identified as
opportunities per business procedures and strategies
3.2 Business ideas and opportunities are
generated as per business procedures and
strategies
3.3 Business life cycle is analysed as per
©TVETCDACC@2019 30
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
1. Demonstrate 1.1 Entrepreneurs and Business persons are
understanding of an distinguished as per principles of
Entrepreneur entrepreneurship
1.2 Types of entrepreneurs are identified as
per principles of entrepreneurship
1.3 Ways of becoming an Entrepreneur are
identified as per principles of
Entrepreneurship
1.4 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs are
identified as per principles of
Entrepreneurship
1.5 Factors affecting Entrepreneurship
development are explored as per principles
of Entrepreneurship
2. Demonstrate 2.1 Entrepreneurship and self-employment are
understanding of distinguished as per principles of
Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship
self-employment 2.2 Importance of self-employment is analysed
based on business procedures and strategies
2.3 Requirements for entry into self-
employment are identified according to
business procedures and strategies
2.4 Role of an Entrepreneur in business is
determined according to business
procedures and strategies
2.5 Contributions of Entrepreneurs to National
development are identified as per business
procedures and strategies
2.6 Entrepreneurship culture in Kenya is
explored as per business procedures and
strategies
2.7 Born or made Entrepreneurs are
distinguished as per entrepreneurial traits
3. Identify Entrepreneurship 3.1 Sources of business ideas are identified as
opportunities per business procedures and strategies
3.2 Business ideas and opportunities are
generated as per business procedures and
strategies
3.3 Business life cycle is analysed as per
©TVETCDACC@2019 31
RANGE
This section provides work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
include but not limited to:
 Types of entrepreneurs but not  Innovators
limited to:  Imitators
 Craft
 Opportunistic
 Speculators
 Principles of Entrepreneurship but  Visionary
not limited to:  Solution provider
 Accountability
 Growth and marketing
 Resilient
 Tenacious

 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs  Creative

include but not limited to:  Innovative
 Planner
 Risk taker
 Networker
 Confident
 Flexible
 Persistent
 Patient
 Independent
 Future oriented
 Goal oriented

 Requirements for entry into self-  Technical skills

employment  Management skills
 Entrepreneurial skills
 Resources
 Infrastructure

 Internal motivation include but not  Interest

©TVETCDACC@2019 32
Variable Range
include but not limited to:
 Types of entrepreneurs but not  Innovators
limited to:  Imitators
 Craft
 Opportunistic
 Speculators
 Principles of Entrepreneurship but  Visionary
not limited to:  Solution provider
 Accountability
 Growth and marketing
 Resilient
 Tenacious

 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs  Creative

include but not limited to:  Innovative
 Planner
 Risk taker
 Networker
 Confident
 Flexible
 Persistent
 Patient
 Independent
 Future oriented
 Goal oriented

 Requirements for entry into self-  Technical skills

employment  Management skills
 Entrepreneurial skills
 Resources
 Infrastructure

limited to:  Passion

 Freedom
 Prestige

 Business environment  External

 Internal
©TVETCDACC@2019 33
Variable Range
include but not limited to:
 Types of entrepreneurs but not  Innovators
limited to:  Imitators
 Craft
 Opportunistic
 Speculators
 Principles of Entrepreneurship but  Visionary
not limited to:  Solution provider
 Accountability
 Growth and marketing
 Resilient
 Tenacious

 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs  Creative

include but not limited to:  Innovative
 Planner
 Risk taker
 Networker
 Confident
 Flexible
 Persistent
 Patient
 Independent
 Future oriented
 Goal oriented

 Requirements for entry into self-  Technical skills

employment  Management skills
 Entrepreneurial skills
 Resources
 Infrastructure

 Intermediate

 Forms of businesses  Sole proprietorship

 Partnership
 Limited companies
 Cooperatives
©TVETCDACC@2019 34
Variable Range
include but not limited to:
 Types of entrepreneurs but not  Innovators
limited to:  Imitators
 Craft
 Opportunistic
 Speculators
 Principles of Entrepreneurship but  Visionary
not limited to:  Solution provider
 Accountability
 Growth and marketing
 Resilient
 Tenacious

 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs  Creative

include but not limited to:  Innovative
 Planner
 Risk taker
 Networker
 Confident
 Flexible
 Persistent
 Patient
 Independent
 Future oriented
 Goal oriented

 Requirements for entry into self-  Technical skills

employment  Management skills
 Entrepreneurial skills
 Resources
 Infrastructure

 Governing policies  Increasing scope for finance

 Promoting cooperation between
entrepreneurs and private sector
 Reducing regulatory burden on
entrepreneurs
 Developing IT tools for
©TVETCDACC@2019 35
Variable Range
include but not limited to:
 Types of entrepreneurs but not  Innovators
limited to:  Imitators
 Craft
 Opportunistic
 Speculators
 Principles of Entrepreneurship but  Visionary
not limited to:  Solution provider
 Accountability
 Growth and marketing
 Resilient
 Tenacious

 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs  Creative

include but not limited to:  Innovative
 Planner
 Risk taker
 Networker
 Confident
 Flexible
 Persistent
 Patient
 Independent
 Future oriented
 Goal oriented

 Requirements for entry into self-  Technical skills

employment  Management skills
 Entrepreneurial skills
 Resources
 Infrastructure

entrepreneurs

 External motivation include but not  Rewards

limited to:  Punishment
 Enabling environment
 Government policies
©TVETCDACC@2019 36
Variable Range
include but not limited to:
 Types of entrepreneurs but not  Innovators
limited to:  Imitators
 Craft
 Opportunistic
 Speculators
 Principles of Entrepreneurship but  Visionary
not limited to:  Solution provider
 Accountability
 Growth and marketing
 Resilient
 Tenacious

 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs  Creative

include but not limited to:  Innovative
 Planner
 Risk taker
 Networker
 Confident
 Flexible
 Persistent
 Patient
 Independent
 Future oriented
 Goal oriented

 Requirements for entry into self-  Technical skills

employment  Management skills
 Entrepreneurial skills
 Resources
 Infrastructure

 Entrepreneurial orientation include  Passion

but not limited to:  Interest
 Hobbies
 Skills
©TVETCDACC@2019 37
Variable Range
include but not limited to:
 Types of entrepreneurs but not  Innovators
limited to:  Imitators
 Craft
 Opportunistic
 Speculators
 Principles of Entrepreneurship but  Visionary
not limited to:  Solution provider
 Accountability
 Growth and marketing
 Resilient
 Tenacious

 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs  Creative

include but not limited to:  Innovative
 Planner
 Risk taker
 Networker
 Confident
 Flexible
 Persistent
 Patient
 Independent
 Future oriented
 Goal oriented

 Requirements for entry into self-  Technical skills

employment  Management skills
 Entrepreneurial skills
 Resources
 Infrastructure

 Innovative business strategies  New products

include but not limited to:  New methods of production
 New markets
 New sources of supplies
 Change in industrialization

©TVETCDACC@2019 38
Variable Range
include but not limited to:
 Types of entrepreneurs but not  Innovators
limited to:  Imitators
 Craft
 Opportunistic
 Speculators
 Principles of Entrepreneurship but  Visionary
not limited to:  Solution provider
 Accountability
 Growth and marketing
 Resilient
 Tenacious

 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs  Creative

include but not limited to:  Innovative
 Planner
 Risk taker
 Networker
 Confident
 Flexible
 Persistent
 Patient
 Independent
 Future oriented
 Goal oriented

 Requirements for entry into self-  Technical skills

employment  Management skills
 Entrepreneurial skills
 Resources
 Infrastructure

 Communication principles include  Feed back

but not limited to:  Attention
 Clarity
 Timeliness
 Adequacy
 Consistency
©TVETCDACC@2019 39
Variable Range
include but not limited to:
 Types of entrepreneurs but not  Innovators
limited to:  Imitators
 Craft
 Opportunistic
 Speculators
 Principles of Entrepreneurship but  Visionary
not limited to:  Solution provider
 Accountability
 Growth and marketing
 Resilient
 Tenacious

 Characteristics of Entrepreneurs  Creative

include but not limited to:  Innovative
 Planner
 Risk taker
 Networker
 Confident
 Flexible
 Persistent
 Patient
 Independent
 Future oriented
 Goal oriented

 Requirements for entry into self-  Technical skills

employment  Management skills
 Entrepreneurial skills
 Resources
 Infrastructure

 Informality

 Motivational theories include but  Marslows theory

not limited to:  McClelland theory
 Fredrick Tylors theory

©TVETCDACC@2019 40
REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE
This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Assessing a range of alternative products and strategies
 Critically analyzing information, summarizing and making sense of previous and
current market trends
 Identifying changing consumer preferences and demographics
 Thinking “outside the box”
 Ensuring quality consistency
 Reducing lead time to product/service delivery
 Management
 Using formal problem-solving procedures, e. g., root-cause analysis, six sigmas
 Communication
 Applying motivational principles, e. g., positive stroking, behavior modification
 Assessing range of alternatives rather than choosing the easiest option
 Achieving ownership and credibility for the enterprise vision
 Critically analyzing information, summarizing and making sense of previous and
current market trends
 Developing solutions and practical strategies which are “outside the box”

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Entrepreneurial competencies
 Decision making
 Business communication
 Change management
 Coping with competition
 Risk taking
 Net working
 Time management
 Leadership
 Factors affecting entrepreneurship development
 Principles of Entrepreneurship
 Features and benefits of common operational practices, e. g., continuous
improvement (kaizen), waste elimination,
 Conflict resolution
©TVETCDACC@2019 41
 Health, safety and environment (HSE) principles and requirements
 Customer care strategies
 Basic financial management
 Business strategic planning
 Impact of change on individuals, groups and industries
 Government and regulatory processes
 Local and international market trends
 Product promotion strategies
 Market and feasibility studies
 Government and regulatory processes
 Local and international business environment
 Concepts of change management
 Relevant developments in other industries
 Regional/ County business expansion strategies
 Innovation in business

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.
1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
of Competency 1.1 Distinguished entrepreneurs and business persons correctly
1.2 Identified ways of becoming an entrepreneur appropriately
1.3 Explored factors affecting entrepreneurship development
appropriately
1.4 Analysed importance of self-employment accurately
1.5 Identified requirements for entry into self-employment
correctly
1.6 Identified sources of business ideas correctly
1.7 Generated Business ideas and opportunities correctly
1.8 Analysed business life cycle accurately
1.9 Identified legal aspects of business correctly
1.10 Assessed product demand accurately
1.11 Determined Internal and external motivation factors
appropriately
1.12 Carried out communications effectively
1.13 Identified sources of business finance correctly
1.14 Determined Governing policy on small scale enterprise
appropriately
1.15 Explored problems of starting and operating SSEs

©TVETCDACC@2019 42
 effectively
1.16 Developed Marketing, Organizational/Management,
Production/Operation and Financial plans correctly
1.17 Prepared executive summary correctly
1.18 Determined business innovative strategies appropriately
1.19 Presented business plan effectively
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Check list
2.2 Research tools (Questionnaire, interview guide, observation
schedule)
2.3 Materials, tools, equipment and machines relevant

3. Methods of 3.1 Written tests

Assessment 3.2 Observation
3.3 Oral questions
3.4 Third party report
3.5 Interviews
3.6 Case problems
3.7 Portfolio

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or a

Assessment combination of these. Off the job assessment must be undertaken in
a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry sector,
information for workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 43
 DEMONSTRATE EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS
UNIT CODE: MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/05/6

UNIT DESCRIPTON
This unit covers competencies required to demonstrate employability skills. It involves
conducting self-management, demonstrating interpersonal communication, critical safe
work habits, leading a workplace team, planning and organizing work, maintaining
professional growth and development, demonstrating workplace learning, problem
solving skills and managing ethical performance.
ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the required
outcomes which make level of performance for each of the elements.
up workplace function.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range

1. Conduct self- 1.1 Personal vision, mission and goals are formulated
management based on potential and in relation to organization
objectives
1.2 Emotions are managed as per workplace requirements
1.3 Individual performance is evaluated and monitored
according to the agreed targets.
1.4 Assertiveness is developed and maintained based on
the requirements of the job.
1.5 Accountability and responsibility for own actions are
demonstrated.
1.6 Self-esteem and a positive self-image are developed
and maintained.
1.7 Time management, attendance and punctuality are
observed as per the organization policy.
1.8 Goals are managed as per the organization’s objective
1.9 Self-strengths and weaknesses are identified as per
personal objectives
1.10 Critics are managed as per personal objectives
2. Demonstrate 2.1 Listening and understanding is demonstrated as per
interpersonal communication policy
communication 2.2 Writing to the needs of the audience is demonstrated as
per communication policy
©TVETCDACC@2019 44
 2.3 Speaking, reading and writing is demonstrated as per
communication policy
2.4 Negotiation skills are demonstrated as per
communication policy
2.5 Empathizing is demonstrated as per the communication
policy
2.6 Numeracy is applied as per the communication policy
2.7 Internal and external customers’ needs are identified
and interpreted as per the communication policy
2.8 Persuasion is demonstrated as per the communication
policy
2.9 Communication nnetworks are established as per the
SOPs
2.10 Information is shared as per communication
structure
3. Demonstrate 3.1 Stress is managed in accordance with workplace
critical safe work procedures.
habits 3.2 Punctuality and time consciousness is demonstrated in
line with workplace policy.
3.3 Personal objectives are integrated with organization
goals based on organization’s strategic plan.
3.4 Resources are utilized in accordance with workplace
policy.
3.5 Work priorities are set in accordance to workplace
procedures.
3.6 Leisure time is recognized in line with organization
policy.
3.7 Abstinence from drug and substance abuse is observed
as per workplace policy.
3.8 Awareness of HIV and AIDS is demonstrated in line
with workplace requirements.
3.9 Safety consciousness is demonstrated in the workplace
based on organization safety policy.
3.10 Emerging issues are dealt with in accordance with
organization policy.
4. Lead a workplace 4.1 Performance expectations for the team are set
team 4.2 Duties and responsibilities are assigned in accordance
with the organization policy.
4.3 Team parameters and relationships are identified
according to set rules and regulations.
©TVETCDACC@2019 45
 4.4 Forms of communication in a team are established
according to office policy.
4.5 Communication is carried out as per workplace place
policy and requirements of the job.
4.6 Team performance is supervised
4.7 Feedback on performance is collected and analyzed
based on established team learning process
4.8 Conflicts are resolved between team members in line
with organization rules and regulations.
4.9 Gender mainstreaming is undertaken in accordance
with set regulations.
4.10 Human rights are adhered to in accordance with
existing protocol.
4.11 Healthy relationships are developed and maintained
for harmonious co-existence in line with workplace.
5. Plan and organize 5.1 Task requirements are identified as per the workplace
work objectives
5.2 Task is interpreted in accordance with safety (OHS ),
environmental requirements and quality requirements
5.3 Work activity is organized with other involved
personnel as per the SOPs
5.4 Resources are mobilized, allocated and utilized to meet
project goals and deliverables.
5.5 Work activities are monitored and evaluated in line with
organization procedures.
5.6 Job planning is documented in accordance with
workplace requirements.
5.7 Planning and organizing of work activities is reviewed
as per the workplace requirements
5.8 Time is managed achieve workplace set goals and
objectives.
6. Maintain 6.1 Personal training needs are identified and assessed in
professional line with the requirements of the job.
growth and 6.2 Training and career opportunities are identified and
development availed based on job requirements.
6.3 Resources for training are mobilized and allocated
based organizations skills needs.
6.4 Licensees and certifications relevant to job and career
are obtained and renewed.

©TVETCDACC@2019 46
 6.5 Personal growth is pursued towards improving the
qualifications set for the profession.
6.6 Work priorities and commitments are managed based
on requirement of the job and workplace policy.
6.7 Recognitions are sought as proof of career
advancement in line with professional requirements.
7. Demonstrate 7.1 Own learning is managed as per workplace policy.
workplace learning 7.2 Learning opportunities are sought and allocated based
on job requirement and in line with organization policy.
7.3 Contribution to the learning community at the
workplace is carried out.
7.4 Range of media for learning are established as per the
training need
7.5 Application of learning is demonstrated in both
technical and non-technical aspects based on
requirements of the job
7.6 Enthusiasm for ongoing learning is demonstrated
7.7 Time and effort is invested in learning new skills-based
job requirements
7.8 Willingness to learn in different context is demonstrated
based on available learning opportunities arising in the
workplace.
7.9 Awareness of Occupational Health and Safety
procedures are demonstrated in use of technology in the
workplace.
7.10 Initiative is taken to create more effective and
efficient processes and procedures in line with
workplace policy.
7.11 New systems are developed and maintained in
accordance with the requirements of the job.
7.12 Opportunities that are not obvious are identified and
exploited in line with organization objectives.
7.13 Opportunities for performance improvement are
identified proactively in area of work.
7.14 Awareness of personal role in workplace innovation
is demonstrated.
8. Demonstrate 8.1 Creative, innovative and practical solutions are
problem solving developed based on the problem
skills 8.2 Independence and initiative in identifying and solving

©TVETCDACC@2019 47
 problems is demonstrated.
8.3 Team problems are solved as per the workplace
guidelines
8.4 Problem solving strategies are applied as per the
workplace guidelines
8.5 Problems are analyzed and assumptions tested as per the
context of data and circumstances
9. Manage workplace 9.1 Policies and guidelines are observed as per the
ethics workplace requirements
9.2 Self-worth and profession is exercised in line with
personal goals and organizational policies
9.3 Code of conduct is observed as per the workplace
requirements
9.4 Personal and professional integrity is demonstrated as
per the personal goals
9.5 Commitment to jurisdictional laws is demonstrated as
per the workplace requirements

RANGE
This section provides work environment and conditions to which the performance criteria
apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.

Range Variable

 Drug and substance abuse Commonly abused

include but not limited to:  Alcohol
 Tobacco
 Miraa
 Over-the-counter drugs
 Cocaine
 Bhang
 Glue
 Feedback includes but not  Verbal
limited to:  Written
 Informal
 Formal

©TVETCDACC@2019 48
  Relationships includes but  Man/Woman
not limited to:  Trainer/trainee
 Employee/employer
 Client/service provider
 Husband/wife
 Boy/girl
 Parent/child
 Sibling relationships

 Forms of communication  Written

include but not limited to:  Visual
 Verbal
 Non verbal
 Formal and informal
 Team includes but not  Small work group
limited to:  Staff in a section/department
 Inter-agency group
 Personal growth includes  Growth in the job
but not limited to:  Career mobility
 Gains and exposure the job gives
 Net workings
 Benefits that accrue to the individual as a
result of noteworthy performance
 Personal objectives include  Long term
but not limited to:  Short term
 Broad
 Specific
 Trainings and career  Participation in training programs
opportunities includes but o Technical
not limited to o Supervisory
o Managerial
o Continuing Education
 Serving as Resource Persons in
conferences and workshops
 Resource include but not  Human
limited to:  Financial
 Technology
o Hardware
o Software

©TVETCDACC@2019 49
  Innovation include but not  New ideas
limited to:  Original ideas
 Different ideas
 Methods/procedures
 Processes
 New tools
 Emerging issues include  Terrorism
but not limited to:  Social media
 National cohesion
 Open offices
 Range of media for  Mentoring
learning include but not  peer support and networking
limited to:  IT and courses

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Personal hygiene practices
 Intra and Interpersonal skills
 Communication skills
 Knowledge management
 Interpersonal skills
 Critical thinking skills
 Observation skills
 Organizing skills
 Negotiation skills
 Monitoring skills
 Evaluation skills
 Record keeping skills
 Problem solving skills
 Decision Making skills
 Resource utilization skills
 Resource mobilization skills

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
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  Work values and ethics
 Company policies
 Company operations, procedures and standards
 Occupational Health and safety procedures
 Fundamental rights at work
 Personal hygiene practices
 Workplace communication
 Concept of time
 Time management
 Decision making
 Types of resources
 Work planning
 Resources and allocating resources
 Organizing work
 Monitoring and evaluation
 Record keeping
 Workplace problems and how to deal with them
 Negotiation
 Assertiveness
 Team work
 Gender mainstreaming
 HIV and AIDS
 Drug and substance abuse
 Leadership
 Safe work habits
 Professional growth and development
 Technology in the workplace
 Learning
 Creativity
 Innovation
 Emerging issues
o Social media
o Terrorism
o National cohesion

EVIDENCE GUIDE

This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.
©TVETCDACC@2019 51
1. 2. Critical aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
of Competency
1.1 Conducted self-management
1.2 Demonstrated interpersonal communication
1.3 Demonstrated critical safe work habits
1.4 Demonstrated the ability to lead a workplace team
1.5 Planned and organized work
1.6 Maintained professional growth and development
1.7 Demonstrated workplace learning
1.8 Demonstrated problem solving skills
1.9 Demonstrated the ability to manage ethical performance
3. 4. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications
2.1 Case studies/scenarios
5. 6. Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
Assessment
 Oral Interview
 Observation
 Third Party Reports
 Written
7. 8. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or a
Assessment combination of these. Off the job assessment must be undertaken
in a closely simulated workplace environment.
9. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for sector, workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

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 DEMONSTRATE ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY
UNIT CODE: MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/06/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to follow procedures for environmental
hazard control, follow procedures for environmental pollution control, comply with
workplace sustainable resource use, evaluate current practices in relation to resource
usage, develop and adhere to environmental protection principles/strategies/guidelines,
analyse resource use, develop resource conservation plans and implement selected
plans.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the
outcomes which make up required level of performance for each of the elements.
workplace function. Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
1. Control environmental 1.1 Storage methods for environmentally hazardous
hazard materials are strictly followed according to
environmental regulations and OSHS.
1.2 Disposal methods of hazardous wastes are followed
at all times according to environmental regulations and
OSHS.
1.3 PPE is used according to OSHS.
2. Control environmental 2.1 Environmental pollution control measures are
Pollution control compiled following standard protocol.
2.2 Procedures for solid waste management are observed
according Environmental Management and
Coordination Act 1999
2.3 Methods for minimizing noise pollution complied
following environmental regulations.
3. Demonstrate sustainable 3.1 Methods for minimizing wastage are complied with.
resource use 3.2 Waste management procedures are employed
following principles of 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse,
Recycle)
3.3 Methods for economizing or reducing resource
consumption are practiced.
4. Evaluate current 4.1 Information on resource efficiency systems and
practices in relation to procedures are collected and provided to the work
resource usage group where appropriate.
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 4.2 Current resource usage is measured and recorded by
members of the work group.
4.3 Current purchasing strategies are analyzed and
recorded according to industry procedures.
4.4 Current work processes to access information and
data is analyzed following enterprise protocol.
5. Identify Environmental 5.1 Environmental legislations/conventions and local
legislations/conventions ordinances are identified according to the different
for environmental environmental aspects/impact
concerns 5.2 Industrial standard/environmental practices are
described according to the different environmental
concerns
6. Implement specific 6.1 Programs/Activities are identified according to
environmental programs organizations policies and guidelines.
6.2 Individual roles/responsibilities are determined and
performed based on the activities identified.
6.3 Problems/constraints encountered are resolved in
accordance with organizations’ policies and
guidelines
6.4 Stakeholders are consulted based on company
guidelines
7. Monitor activities on 7.1 Activities are periodically monitored and Evaluated
Environmental according to the objectives of the environmental
protection/Programs program
7.2 Feedback from stakeholders are gathered and
considered in Proposing enhancements to the
program based on consultations
7.3 Data gathered are analyzed based on Evaluation
requirements
7.4 Recommendations are submitted based on the
findings
7.5 Management support systems are set/established to
sustain and enhance the program
7.6 Environmental incidents are monitored and reported
to
concerned/proper authorities
8. Analyze resource use 8.1. All resource consuming processes are Identified
8.2. Quantity and nature of Resource consumed is
determined

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 8.3. Resource flow is analyzed through different parts of
the process.
8.4. Wastes are classified for possible source of
resources.
9. Develop resource 9.1. Efficiency of use/conversion of resources is
Conservation plans determined following industry protocol.
9.2. Causes of low efficiency of use of resources are
Determined based on industry protocol.
9.3. Plans for increasing the efficiency of resource use
are developed based on findings.

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect
performance.

Variable Range
 PPE May include but are  Mask
not limited to  Gloves
 Goggles
 Safety hat
 Overall
 Hearing protector
 Environmental pollution  Methods for minimizing or stopping
control measures may spread and ingestion of airborne particles
include but are not limited  Methods for minimizing or stopping
to: spread and ingestion of gases and fumes
 Methods for minimizing or stopping
spread and ingestion of liquid wastes
 Wastes may include but are  Unnecessary waste
not limited to:  Necessary waste

 Waste management  Sorting

Procedures may include but  Storing of items
are not limited to:  Recycling of items
 Disposal of items

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  Resources may include but  Electric
are not limited to:  Water
 Fuel
 Telecommunications
 Supplies
 Materials
 Workplace environmental  Biological hazards
hazards may include but are  Chemical and dust hazards
not limited to:  Physical hazards

 Organizational systems  Supply chain, procurement and

and procedures may include purchasing
but are not limited to:  Quality assurance
 Making recommendations and seeking
approvals
 Legislations/Conventions  EMCA 1999
may include but are not  Montreal Protocol
limited to:  Kyoto Protocol

 Environmental  Air pollution

aspects/impacts may  Water pollution
include but are not limited  Noise pollution
to:  Solid waste
 Flood control
 Deforestation/Denudation
 Radiation/Nuclear /Radio Frequency/
Microwaves
 Situation
 Soil erosion (e.g. Quarrying, Mining,
etc.)
 Coral reef/marine life protection
 Industrial standards /  ISO standards
Environmental practices  Company environmental management
may include but are not systems
limited to: o (EMS)

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  Periodic may include but  1 hourly
are not limited to:  Daily
 weekly
 monthly
 quarterly
 yearly
 Programs/Activities may  Waste disposal (on-site and off-site)
include but are not limited  Repair and maintenance of equipment
to:  Treatment and disposal operations
 Clean-up activities
 Laboratory and analytical test
 Monitoring and evaluation
 Environmental advocacy programs

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Following storage methods of environmentally hazardous materials
 Following disposal methods of hazardous wastes
 Using PPE
 Practicing OSHS
 Complying environmental pollution control
 Observing solid waste management
 Complying methods of minimizing noise Pollution
 Complying methods of minimizing wastage
 Employing waste management procedures
 Economizing resource consumption
 Listing of resources used
 Measuring current usage of resources
 Identifying and reporting workplace environmental hazards
 Conveying all environmental issues
 Following environmental regulations
 Identifying environmental regulations
 Assessing procedures for assessing compliance
 Collecting information on environmental and resource efficiency systems and
procedures, and Providing information to the work group
 Measuring and recording current resource usage

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  Analysing and recording current purchasing strategies.
 Analysing current work processes to access information and data and Assisting
identifying areas for improvement
 Analysing resource flow
 Determining efficiency of use/conversion of resources
 Determining causes of low efficiency of use
 Developing plans for increasing the efficiency of resource use
 Checking resource use plans
 Complying to regulations/licensing requirements
 Determining benefit/cost of plans
 Ranking proposals based on benefit/cost compared to limited resources
 Checking proposals meet regulatory requirements
 Monitoring implementation
 Making adjustments to plan and implementation
 checking new resource usage

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Storage methods of environmentally hazardous materials
 Disposal methods of hazardous wastes
 Usage of PPE Environmental regulations
 OSHS
 Types of pollution
 Environmental pollution control measures
 Different solid wastes
 Solid waste management
 Different noise pollution
 Methods of minimizing noise pollution
 Methods of minimizing wstage
 Waste management procedures
 Economizing of resource consumption
 Principle of 3Rs
 Types of resources
 Techniques in measuring current usage of resources
 Calculating current usage of resources
 Types of workplace environmental hazards
 Environmental regulations
 Environmental regulations applying to the enterprise.
 Procedures for assessing compliance with environmental regulations.

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  Collection of information on environmental and resource efficiency systems and
procedures,
 Measurement and recording of current resource usage
 Analysis and recording of current purchasing strategies.
 Analysis current work processes to access information and data Analysis of data
and information
 Identification of areas for improvement
 Resource consuming processes
 Determination of quantity and nature of resource consumed
 Analysis of resource flow of different parts of the resource flow process
 Use/conversion of resources
 Causes of low efficiency of use
 Increasing the efficiency of resource use
 Inspection of resource use plans
 Regulations/licensing requirements
 Determine benefit/cost for alternative resource sources
 Benefit/costs for different alternatives
 Components of proposals
 Criteria on ranking proposals
 Regulatory requirements
 Proposals for improving resource efficiency
 Implementation of resource efficiency plans
 Procedures in monitor implementation
 Adjustments of implementation plan
 Inspection of new resource usage
EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Aspects of 1.1 Controlled environmental hazard
Competenc 1.2 Controlled environmental pollution
y 1.3 Demonstrated sustainable resource use
1.4 Evaluated current practices in relation to resource usage
1.5 Demonstrated knowledge of environmental legislations and
local ordinances according to the different environmental
issues /concerns.
1.6 Described industrial standard environmental practices
according to the different environmental issues/concerns.
1.7 Resolved problems/ constraints encountered based on
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 management standard procedures
1.8 Implemented and monitored environmental practices on a
periodic basis as per company guidelines
1.9 Recommended solutions for the improvement of the
program
1.10 Monitored and reported to proper authorities any
environmental incidents
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implication 2.1 Workplace with storage facilities
s 2.2 Tools, materials and equipment relevant to the tasks (e.g.
Cleaning tools, cleaning materials, trash bags)
2.3 PPE, manuals and references
2.4 Legislation, policies, procedures, protocols and
localordinances relating to environmental protection
2.5 Case studies/scenarios relating to environmental Protection
3 Methods of Competency in this unit may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Demonstration
3.2 Oral questioning
3.3 Written examination
3.4 Interview/Third Party Reports
3.5 Portfolio (citations/awards from GOs and NGOs, certificate
of training – local and abroad)
3.6 Simulations and role-play
4 Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or a
Assessment combination of these. Off the job assessment must be undertaken
in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5 Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for sector, workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

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 DEMONSTRATE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PRACTICES
UNIT CODE: MDJ/CU/ DIJ /BC/07/6

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to lead the implementation of workplace’s
safety and health program, procedures and policies/guidelines.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the
outcomes which make up required level of performance for each of the elements.
workplace function. Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the Range
1. Identify workplace 1.1 Hazards in the workplace and/or its indicators of its
hazards and risk presence, are identified
1.2 Evaluation and/or work environment measurements
of OSH hazards/risk existing in the workplace is
conducted by
Authorized personnel or agency
1.3 OSH issues and/or concerns raised by workers are
Gathered
2. Identify and implement 2.1 Prevention and control measures, including use of
appropriate control safety gears / PPE (personal protective equipment)
measures for specific hazards
identified and implemented
2.2 Appropriate risk controls based on result of OSH
hazard evaluation is recommended.
2.3 Contingency measures, including emergency
procedures during workplace incidents and
emergencies are recognized and established in
accordance with organization procedures.
3. Implement OSH 3.1 Information to work team about company OSH
programs, procedures program, procedures and policies/guidelines are
and policies/ guidelines provided
3.2 Implementation of OSH procedures and policies/
guidelines are participated
3.3 Team members are trained and advised on OSH
standards and procedures
3.4 Procedures for maintaining OSH-related records are
©TVETCDACC@2019 61
 implemented
RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environments and situations that will affect
performance.

Variable Range
 Hazards may  Physical hazards – impact, illumination, pressure,
include but are not noise, vibration, extreme temperature, radiation
limited to:  Biological hazards- bacteria, viruses, plants,
parasites mites, molds, fungi, insects
 Chemical hazards – dusts, fibers, mists, fumes,
smoke,gasses, vapors
 Ergonomics Psychological factors – over exertion/
excessive force, awkward/static positions, fatigue,
direct pressure,varying metabolic cycles
Physiological factors – monotony,
personalrelationship, work out cycle
 1.6 Safety hazards (unsafe workplace condition) –
confined space, excavations, falling objects,
gasleaks, electrical, poor storage of materials
andwaste, spillage, waste and debris
 Unsafe workers’ act (Smoking in off-limited
areas,Substance and alcohol abuse at work)
 Indicators may  Increased of incidents of accidents, injuries
include but are not  Increased occurrence of sickness or health
limited to: complaints/ symptoms
 Common complaints of workers related to OSH
 High absenteeism for work-related reasons
 Evaluation and/or  Health Audit
work environment  Safety Audit
measurements may  Work Safety and Health Evaluation
include but are not  Work Environment Measurements of Physical and
limited to: Chemical Hazards

©TVETCDACC@2019 62
  OSH issues and/or  Workers’ experience/observance on presence of
concerns may work hazards
include but are not  Unsafe/unhealthy administrative arrangements
limited to: (prolonged work hours, no break time, constant
overtime, scheduling of tasks)
 Reasons for compliance/non-compliance to use of
PPEs or other OSH procedures/policies/guidelines
 Prevention and  Eliminate the hazard (i.e., get rid of the dangerous
control measures machine
may include but  Isolate the hazard (i.e. keep the machine in a
are not limited to: closed room and operate it remotely; barricade an
unsafe area off)
 Substitute the hazard with a safer alternative (i.e.,
replace the machine with a safer one)
 Use administrative controls to reduce the risk (i.e.
give trainings on how to use equipment safely;
OSH-related topics, issue warning signages,
rotation/shifting work schedule)
 Use engineering controls to reduce the risk (i.e.
use safety guards to machine)
 Use personal protective equipment
 Safety, Health and Work Environment Evaluation
 Periodic and/or special medical examinations of
workers
 Safety gears /PPE  Arm/Hand guard, gloves
(Personal  Eye protection (goggles, shield)
Protective  Hearing protection (ear muffs, ear plugs)
Equipments) may  Hair Net/cap/bonnet
include but are not  Hard hat
limited to:  Face protection (mask, shield)
 Apron/Gown/coverall/jump suit
 Anti-static suits
 High-visibility reflective vest

©TVETCDACC@2019 63
  Appropriate risk  Appropriate risk controls in order of impact are as
controls follows:
 Eliminate the hazard altogether (i.e., get rid of the
dangerous machine)
 Isolate the hazard from anyone who could be
harmed (i.e., keep the machine in a closed room
and operate it remotely; barricade an unsafe area
off)
 Substitute the hazard with a safer alternative (i.e.,
replace the machine with a safer one)
 Use administrative controls to reduce the risk (i.e.,
train workers how to use equipment safely; train
workers about the risks of harassment; issue
signage)
 Use engineering controls to reduce the risk (i.e.,
attach guards to the machine to protect users)
 Use personal protective equipment (i.e., wear
gloves and goggles when using the machine)
 Contingency  Evacuation
measures may  Isolation
include but are not  Decontamination
limited to:  (Calling designed) emergency personnel

 Emergency  Fire drill

procedures may  Earthquake drill
include but are not  Basic life support/CPR
limited to:  First aid
 Spillage control
 Decontamination of chemical and toxic
 Disaster preparedness/management
 Use of fire-extinguisher
 Incidents and  Chemical spills
emergencies may  Equipment/vehicle accidents
include but are not  Explosion
limited to:  Fire
 Gas leak
 Injury to personnel
 Structural collapse
 Toxic and/or flammable vapors emission.

©TVETCDACC@2019 64
  OSH-related  Medical/Health records
Records may  Incident/accident reports
include but are not  Sickness notifications/sick leave application
limited to:  OSH-related trainings obtained

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required Skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Skills on preliminary identification of workplace hazards/risks
 Knowledge management
 Critical thinking skills
 Observation skills
 Coordinating skills
 Communication skills
 Interpersonal skills
 Troubleshooting skills
 Presentation skills
 Training skills

Required Knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 General OSH Principles
 Occupational hazards/risks recognition
 OSH organizations providing services on OSH evaluation and/or work
environment measurements (WEM)
 National OSH regulations; company OSH policies and protocols
 Systematic gathering of OSH issues and concerns
 General OSH principles
 National OSH regulations
 Company OSH and recording protocols, procedures and policies/guidelines
 Training and/or counseling methodologies and strategies

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

©TVETCDACC@2019 65
1. Critical Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
Aspects of 1.1 Identifies hazards/risks in the workplace and/or its indicators
Competency 1.2 Requests for evaluation and/or work environment
measurements of OSH hazards/risk in the workplace
1.3 Gathers OSH issues and/or concerns raised by workers
1.4 Identifies and implements prevention and control measures,
including use of PPE (personal protective equipment) for
specific hazards
1.5 Recommends appropriate risk controls based on result of OSH
hazard evaluation and OSH issues gathered
1.6 Establish contingency measures, including emergency
procedures in accordance with organization procedures
1.7 Provides information to work team about company OSH
program, procedures and policies/guidelines
1.8 Participates in the implementation of OSH procedures and
policies/guidelines
1.9 Trains and advises team members on OSH standards and
procedures
1.10 Implements procedures for maintaining OSH-related
records
2. Resource The following resources should be provided:
Implications 2.1 Workplace or assessment location
2.2 OSH personal records
2.3 PPE
2.4 Health records
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Portfolio Assessment
3.2 Interview
3.3 Case Study/Situation
3.4 Observation/Demonstration and oral questioning
4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or a
Assessment combination of these. Off the job assessment must be undertaken
in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for sector, workplace and job role is recommended.
assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 66
 COMMON UNITS OF COMPETENCY

©TVETCDACC@2019 67
 APPLY MEDIA LAW
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DJ/CC/01/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to demonstrate media laws .it involves
applying media law, determining human rights, applying law of defamation, determining
contempt of court, determining invasion of privacy, applying copyright laws and
determining laws governing media practice.
ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the
outcomes which make up required level of performance for each of the
workplace function. elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the range.
1. DEMONSTRATE 1.1 Media laws are identified as per the SOPs.
media Law 1.2 Nature of law is determined as per the
Constitution of Kenya 2010 (COK, 2010)
1.3 The sources of law are identified as per COK,
2010
1.4 The purpose the law is identified as per COK,
2010
1.5 Laws are classified as per COK, 2010.

2. Determine Human 2.1 Human rights are identified as per the

Rights Universal Declaration of Human Rights
2.2 Effects of Human rights are determined as per
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
2.3 Context of human rights in media is
established as per the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights
2.4 Human rights are evaluated and reviewed as
per SOPs.
2.5 Human rights are reviewed and approved as
per SOPs

3. Apply law of 3.1 Features of defamation are identified as per

Defamation media law
3.2 Methods of discharging defamation are
determined as per media law
©TVETCDACC@2019 68
 3.3 Impacts of defamation are established as per
the media law
3.4 Remedies to defamation are determined as per
media law
4. Determine Contempt 4.1 Contempt of court is identified as per the penal
of court code of conduct
4.2 Validity of court order is determined as per the
penal code of conduct
4.3 Knowledge of court order is established based
on the respondent
4.4 Impacts of contempt of court are determined
as per the penal code of conduct

5. Determine Invasion of 5.1 Intrusion of solitude is determined as per the

Privacy SOPs
5.2 Appropriation of names or likeness is
established as per SOPs
5.3 Public disclosure of private facts is identified
as per SOPs
5.4 False light is determined as per the SOPs
6. Apply Copyright laws 6.1 Categories of copyright laws are identified as
per the Copyright laws
6.2 Infringement of copyright laws is established
as per the Copyright laws

7. Apply Laws 7.1. Access to information is determined as

Governing Media per the Kenya Data protection is established
practice Information Communication Act
7.2. Accreditation of professional
practitioners is determined as per Media
Council of Kenya Act
7.3. Internal code of ethics are promoted as
per Media Houses Internal Code of Conduct

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range

©TVETCDACC@2019 69
  Universal Declaration  Freedom of expression
of Human Rights  Right to access of information
include but not limited  Freedom of the media
to:
 Infringement includes  Actively break the terms of law
but not limited to:  Act so as to undermine the law
 Limit someone’s rights or freedom

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Human rights
 Current affairs
EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Demonstrated media law
1.2 Demonstrated the ability to determine human
rights
1.3 Demonstrated the ability to apply law of
defamation
1.4 Demonstrated the ability to determine contempt
of court
1.5 Demonstrated the ability to determine invasion of
privacy
1.6 Demonstrated the ability to apply copyright laws
1.7 Demonstrated the ability to apply laws governing

©TVETCDACC@2019 70
 media practice

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.1 Program schedules
2.2 Codes of ethic
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Interview
3.2 Written tests
3.3 Third party reports

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or

Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 71
 DEMONSTRATE MEDIA ETHICS
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CC/02/6

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to demonstrate media ethics .It involves
determining ethical principles, applying media ethics, evaluating code of ethics,
determining ethical issues in entertainment, determining media censorship, determining
conflict of interest, determining media plagiarism and applying digital media ethics

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the
outcomes which make up required level of performance for each of the
workplace function. elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the range.
1. Determine Ethical 1.1 Ethical Principles are identified as per standard
Principles operating procedures (SOPs)
1.2 Ethical Principles are analysed as per the SOPs.
1.3 Ethical Principles are applied as per the SOPs.

2. Apply Media Ethics 2.1 Media Ethics are identified as per standard
operating procedures (SOPs)
2.2 Media ethics are analysed as per the SOPs.
2.3 Media ethics theories are determined as per the
SOPs
2.4 Media ethics are applied as per the SOPs
3. Evaluate Code of 3.1 Code of ethics are identified as per SOPs
Ethics 3.2 Code of ethics are classified as per SOPs
3.3 Code of ethics are applied in media as per the
Journalism code of ethics
4. Determine ethical 4.1 Ethical issues in entertainment in Media are
issues in entertainment identified as per Kenya Information and
in Media Communication Act 2015
4.2 Ethical issues in entertainment in Media issues
are classified as per the Media Council Act 2013
4.3 Ethical issues in entertainment in Media are
analysed as per the Media Council Act 2013
©TVETCDACC@2019 72
 5. Determine Media 5.1 Media censorship contexts are identified as per
Censorship SOPs
5.2 Media censorship is applied in the identified
contexts as per SOPs
6. Determine conflict of 6.1 Conflict of interest categories are identified
interest 6.2 Conflict of interest in media are analysed as per
the SOPs
7. Determine media 7.1 Categories of plagiarism are identified as per the
Plagiarism APA publication manual
7.2 Plagiarism in Media are analyses as per the SOPs
8. Apply Digital media 8.1 Digital Media ethics are identified as per the
Ethics Journalism code of ethics
8.2 Digital Media ethics models are analysed as per
the Journalism code of ethics
8.3 Digital Media ethics are applied as per the SOPs
RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Media Plagiarism  Self-plagiarism
includes but not  Accidental Plagiarism
limited to  Mosaic Plagiarism
 Direct Plagiarism

 Journalism Code of  SPJ Code of Ethics

Ethics includes but not  American Society of News Editors
limited to  Media Council Act 2013

 Ethical Principles  Respect for Persons
includes but not  Beneficence
limited to  Justice
 Non-Malfeasance

 Conflict of interest  Nepotism
includes but not  Self-dealing
limited to  Actual conflict of interest

©TVETCDACC@2019 73
  Potential conflict of interest
 Perceived conflict of interest
 Conflict of duty


REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Creativity
 Innovation
 Multi-media
Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Current affairs
 Technological savvy
EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

6. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Determined Ethical Principles
1.2 Applied Media Ethics
1.3 Evaluated Code of Ethics
1.4 Determined ethical issues in entertainment in Media
1.5 Determined Media Censorship
1.6 Determined conflict of interest
1.7 Determined media Plagiarism
1.8 Applied Digital media Ethics

7. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.3 Media Council Act 2013
©TVETCDACC@2019 74
 2.4 Kenya Information and Communication Act 2015
8. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 8.1 Interview
8.2 Observation
8.3 Written tests
8.4 Third party reports
9. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or
Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
10. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 75
 CORE UNITS OF COMPETENCY

©TVETCDACC@2019 76
 DESIGN MULTIMEDIA GRAPHICS
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/01/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to Design Multimedia Graphics. It involves
determining multimedia graphics, establishing multimedia graphics design tools,
designing typography and graphics project, designing audio-visual project, designing 2D
and 3D animation project and producing multimedia project.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes which These are assessable statements which
make up workplace function. specify the required level of performance
for each of the elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated
in the range.
1. Determine Multimedia Graphics 1.1 Multimedia graphics are established
1.2 Typography in multimedia design is
applied.
1.3 Audio-visual in multimedia design is
applied.
1.4 Animation in multimedia design is
applied.

2. Establish multimedia graphics 2.1 Multimedia design elements are

design tools established based on the
organizational structure.
2.2 Multimedia content is established as
per the organization policies.
2.3 Resources required are established and
their availability secured as per
organization policies.
2.4 Multimedia design tools are identified
as per the SOPs.

3. Design Typography and graphics 3.1 Typographic and graphic project are
project determined as per the organizational
policies.
3.1 Resources required are established
and their availability secured as per
©TVETCDACC@2019 77
 organization policies
3.2 Typographical design tools are
established as per the SOPs
3.3 Graphics design tools are established
as per the SOPs
3.4 Typography are designed as per the
SOPs
3.5 Graphics are designed as per the SOPs
4. Design multimedia audio-visual 5.1 Audio-visual project is determined as
project per the organizational policies.
5.2 Resources required are established
and their availability secured as per
organization policies.
5.3 Video design tools are established as
per the SOPs.
5.4 Audio-visual project is designed as per
the tools
5. Design 2D and 3D animation 6.1 Animation project is determined as per
project the organizational policies.
6.2 Resources required are established
and their availability secured as per
organization policies.
6.3 Animation design tools established as
per the SOPs.
6.4 2D and 3D animation project are
designed as per the SOPs.
6. Produce multimedia project 7.1 Multimedia project is determined as
per the organizational policies
7.2 Designed multimedia products are
collected based on the organization
objective
7.3 Collected multimedia products are
sorted based on the organization
objective
7.4 Multimedia products are edited based
on the organization objective
7.5 Multimedia products are integrated
based on the organization objective
7.6 Multimedia project is rendered as per

©TVETCDACC@2019 78
 SOPs.

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Types of  Typographical
Multimedia  Graphics
graphics  Audio-visual
include but  Animation
not limited to:
 Resources  Human
include but  Financial,
not limited to:  Physical
 Technical
1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
of Competency 1.1 Determined multimedia graphics
1.2 Established multimedia graphics design tools
1.3 Demonstrated ability to apply typographic and graphics
design tools
1.4 Demonstrated ability to apply audio design tools
1.5 Demonstrated ability to apply multimedia video design
tools
1.6 Designed 2D and 3D animations
1.7 Produced multimedia project

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.1 Scripts
2.2 Program schedules
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Interview
3.2 Observation
3.3 Written tests
3.4 Third party reports

©TVETCDACC@2019 79
 4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or
Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

APPLY WEB TECHNOLOGY

UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/02/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to apply Web Technology. It involves
demonstrating the use of web design tools, establishing content management systems,
determining web content integration, Integrate text and graphics, integrating video and
audio, integrating motions and animations, designing websites and publishing websites

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the
outcomes which make up required level of performance for each of the
workplace function. elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range.
1. Demonstrate the use of 1.1 Websites formats are determined as per
web design tools organizational objectives.
1.2 Web design tools are established as per the
SOPs.
1.3 Web design tools are applied as per the SOPs.
2. Establish content 2.1 Web content are determined as per the per the
management systems organization objectives.
2.2 Web content management systems are
determined as per the organization objectives.
2.3 Web content management system is set up as per
©TVETCDACC@2019 80
 the SOPs.
3. Determine web content 3.1 Web content is established as per the
integration organizational objectives.
3.2 Web content integration tools are established as
per the SOPs.
3.3 Web content integration methods are established
as per the SOPs.
3.4 Web content is combined as per the SOPs.
4. Integrate texts and 4.1 Texts and graphics formats are determined as per
graphics the organizational policies.
4.2 Texts and graphics integration tools are
established as per the SOPs.
4.3 Text and graphics are combined as per the SOPs.
5. Integrate video and 5.1 Video and audio formats are determined as per
audio the organizational policies.
5.2 Video and audio integration tools are established
as per the SOPs.
5.3 Video and audio are combined as per the SOPs.
6. Integrate motions and 6.1 Motions and animation formats are determined
animations as per the organizational policies.
6.2 Motions and animation integration tools are
established as per the SOPs.
6.3 Motions and animations are combined as per the
SOPs.
7. Design websites 7.1 Web design resources are established
7.2 Web content is selected as per organizational
objectives.
7.3 Web page layout is determined as per the
organizational objectives.
7.4 Web design tool is established as per the
organizational objectives.
7.5 Web page is designed as per the SOPs.
8. Publish Websites 8.1 Website hosting platforms are identified as per
the SOPs.
8.2 Website hosting platform is selected as per
organizational objectives.
8.3 Website is uploaded on the platform as per the
SOPs.

©TVETCDACC@2019 81
RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Web content  Wordpress
management  Drupal
systems include  Joomla
but not limited to:  Expression Engine
 Textpattern
 Web content  Text
include but not  Video
limited to:  Audio
 Animation
 Web content  Dreamweaver
integration tools  Adobe flash
include but not  Java scripts
limited to:  Adobe photoshop,
 adobe Illustrator
 Web integration  Manual Data Transfer
include but not  Server Data Transfer
limited to:  Direct Server Access
 Web Interfaces

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Creativity
 Innovation
 Multi-media

Required knowledge

©TVETCDACC@2019 82
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Security and safety
 Current affairs
 Technological savvy

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Applied web design tools
1.2 Established content management systems
1.3 Determined web content integration methods
1.4 Demonstrated ability to integrate texts and graphics
1.5 Demonstrated ability to integrate video and audio
1.6 Demonstrated ability to integrate motions and
animations
1.7 Demonstrated ability to design websites
1.8 Demonstrated ability to publish websites

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.3 Scripts
2.4 Program schedules
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.5 Interview
3.6 Observation
3.7 Written tests
3.8 Third party reports

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or

Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 83
©TVETCDACC@2019 84
 PRODUCE DIGITAL CONTENT
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/03/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to produce digital content. It involves
determining digital production hardware and software, writing for digital media,
producing video for digital media, producing audio for digital media, producing graphics
for digital and uploading digital content

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify
which make up workplace function. the required level of performance for each of
the elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range.
1. Determine digital production 1.1 Digital production environment is
hardware and software determined based on the organizational
objectives.
1.2 Digital projects are selected as per the
organizational policies.
1.3 Digital production hardware established as
per the organization objectives.
1.4 Digital production software established as
per the organization objectives.
2. Write for digital media 2.1 Digital media platforms established based
on organizational objectives.
2.2 Digital media content are established based
on organizational objectives.
2.3 Digital media writing styles are established
based on organizational objectives.
2.4 Internet content is drafted established based
on organizational objectives.
2.5 Social media content is drafted based on
organizational objectives.
3. Produce video for digital 3.1 Video for digital media are established as
media per the organizational objectives.
3.2 Video for digital media formats determined
based on organizational objectives.
©TVETCDACC@2019 85
 3.3 Resources required are established and their
availability secured as per organization
policies.
3.4 Video for digital media projects are
selected as per the organization policies.
3.5 Video for digital media projects are scripted
as per the organizational objectives.
3.6 Video for digital media projects are
directed and recorded based on the script.
3.7 Video for digital media project is edited
based on the script.
3.8 Video for digital media project is uploaded
based on organizational objectives.
4. Produce audio for digital 4.1 Audio for digital media are established as
media per the organizational objectives
4.2 Audio for digital media formats
determined based on organizational
objectives
4.3 Resources required are established and their
availability secured as per organization
policies
4.4 Audio for digital media projects are
selected as per the organization policies.
4.5 Audio for digital media projects are
scripted as per the organizational
objectives.
4.6 Audio for digital media projects are
directed and recorded based on the script.
4.7 Audio for digital media project is edited
based on the script.
4.8 Audio for digital media project is uploaded
based on organizational objectives.
5. Produce graphics for Digital 5.1 Graphics for digital media are established
Media as per the organizational objectives
5.2 Graphics for digital media formats are
determined based on organizational
objectives
5.3 Resource required are established and their
availability secured as per organization
policies
©TVETCDACC@2019 86
 5.4 Graphics for digital media projects are
selected as per the organization policies.
5.5 Graphics for digital media projects are
scripted as per the organizational
objectives.
5.6 Graphics for digital media project is edited
as per script
5.7 Graphics for digital media project is
uploaded based on organizational
objectives
6. Upload digital content 6.1 Digital media uploading platforms are
established as per the SOPs.
6.2 Digital media uploading platform is
selected as per organizational objectives.
6.3 Digital media is uploaded on the platform
as per the SOPs.

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Digital media platforms  Internet
include but not limited to:  Websites
 Social Media
 Blogs

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Creativity

©TVETCDACC@2019 87
  Innovation
 Multi-media

Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Security and safety
 Current affairs
 Technological savvy

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Determining digital media production hardware and
software
1.2 Writing for digital media
1.3 Demonstrated ability to produce video for digital
media
1.4 Demonstrated ability to produce audio for digital
media
1.5 Demonstrated ability to produce graphics for digital
media
1.6 Demonstrated ability to upload digital content

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.1 Scripts
2.2 Program schedules
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Interview
3.2 Observation
3.3 Written tests
3.4 Third party reports

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or

Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
©TVETCDACC@2019 88
 5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 89
 PRACTICE MOBILE JOURNALISM
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/04/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to Practice Mobile Journalism. It involves
determining mobile journalism apps, determining storytelling for mobile journalism,
producing audio for mobile journalism, producing video for mobile journalism,
producing photography for mobile journalism and streaming content for mobile
journalism

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify the
which make up workplace required level of performance for each of the
function. elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range.
1. Determine mobile 1.1 Forms of mobile technology are
journalism apps determined as per the SOPs
1.2 Mobile apps are established as per the
SOPs
2. Determine storytelling for 2.1 Mobile journalism storytelling tools are
mobile journalism determined as per the SOPs.
2.2 Mobile journalism storytelling techniques
are determined as per the SOPs
2.3 Mobile journalism sources are established
based on organizational objectives
2.4 Mobile journalism stories are gathered
based on organizational objectives
2.5 Mobile journalism stories are drafted as
per organizational policies

3. Produce audio for mobile 3.1 Mobile journalism audio is established as per
journalism the organizational objectives.
3.2 Mobile journalism audio formats established
based on organizational objectives.
3.3 Resources required are established and their
availability secured as per organization
policies.

©TVETCDACC@2019 90
 3.4 Mobile journalism audio content is selected
based on organizational objectives.
3.5 Mobile journalism audio content is scripted as
per the organizational objectives.
3.6 Mobile journalism audio content is recorded
based on the script.
3.7 Mobile journalism audio content is edited
based on the script.

4. Produce video for mobile 4.1 Video content is established as per the
journalism organizational objectives.
4.2 Video formats are established based on
organizational objectives.
4.3 Resources required are established and their
availability secured as per organization
policies.
4.4 Video content is selected based on
organizational objectives.
4.5 Video content is scripted as per the
organizational objectives.
4.6 Video content are recorded based on the
script.
4.7 Video content is edited as per script.

5. Produce photography for 5.1 Photography techniques for mobile

mobile journalism journalism is established as per the
organizational objectives
5.2 Resources required are established and their
availability secured as per organization
policies
5.3 Photos for mobile journalism content are
selected based on organizational objectives.
5.4 Mobile journalism editing applications are
established as per the SOPs
5.5 Photos are edited based on organizational
objectives
5.6 Edited photos are uploaded on the
applications.

©TVETCDACC@2019 91
 6. Stream content for mobile 6.1 Streaming platforms are determined based on
journalism organizational objectives
6.2 Mobile journalism content is packaged based
on organizational objectives
6.3 Mobile journalism content is broadcasted
based on organizational guidelines.

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Forms of mobile  3G
technology include but  4G
not limited to:  Bluetooth
 WiFi
 GPRS
 Mobile apps include  Andro media video editor
but not limited to:  FiLMic Pro
 Imovie
 Luma Fusion
 Fontise
 Free daily newspaper

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Creativity

©TVETCDACC@2019 92
  Innovation
 Multi-media

Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Security and safety
 Current affairs
 Technological savvy

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Determined mobile journalism apps
1.2 Determined storytelling techniques for mobile
journalism
1.3 Demonstrated ability to produce audio for mobile
journalism
1.4 Demonstrated ability to produce video for mobile
journalism
1.5 Demonstrated ability to produce photography for
mobile journalism
1.6 Demonstrated ability to Stream content for mobile
journalism

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.1 Scripts
2.2 Program schedules
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Interview
3.2 Observation
3.3 Written tests
3.4 Third party reports
4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or
Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
©TVETCDACC@2019 93
 information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

CONDUCT COMPUTER ASSISTED REPORTING

UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/05/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to Conduct Computer Assisted
Reporting. It involves creating database for CAR, determining software in computer
assisted reporting, determining sources of news, applying data mining techniques,
analysing mined data.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify the
which make up workplace required level of performance for each of the
function. elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range.
1. Create database for CAR 1.1 CAR tools are identified based on the
organizational guidelines.
1.2 Words processing and spread sheets are
applied based on organizational structure.
1.3 Data is imported on Access as per the SOPs.
1.4 Data is mapped based as per the SOPs.
1.5 .
1.6 Data is reviewed on Excel as per the SOPs.
1.7 Reviewed data is cleaned as per the SOPs.
1.8 Databases are created as per the SOPs.

2. Determine software in 2.1 Statistical data analysis software are

computer assisted established as per the SOPs.
reporting 2.2 Data visualization software are identified as
per the SOPs.
2.3 Categorize data as per the SOPs.
3. Determine sources of 3.1 Sources of data are identified based on
news organizational objectives.
3.2 Security details are established as per the
SOPs.
3.3 Public domain databases are identified based
©TVETCDACC@2019 94
 on organizational guidelines.
3.4 Private sources are contacted for consent
based on organizational guidelines.
3.5 Data mining techniques are established based
on organizational structure.
4. Apply data mining 4.1 Data mining techniques are identified based
techniques on organizational structure.
4.2 Identified data is grouped for clustering as per
the SOPs.
4.3 Clustered data is categorised for classification
as per the SOPs.
4.4 Classified data is compared for association as
per the SOPs.
4.5 Compared data is combined for prediction as
per the SOPs.
4.6 Classification and regression data trees are
created as per the SOPs.
4.7 Tabular and graphical techniques are applied
to mine text data as per the SOPs.
5. Analyse mined data 5.1 Mined data is categorized as per the SOPs.
5.2 Quantitative data is analysed regressively as
per the SOPs.
5.3 Quantitative data is tested hypothetically as
per the SOPs.
5.4 Quantitative data is simulated as per the SOPs.
5.5 Content analysis techniques are applied on
qualitative data as per the SOPs.
5.6 Narrative analysis techniques are applied as
per the SOPs.

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 CAR tools include but not  Word process or spreadsheet (Excel),
limited to:  Database (Access, Filemaker)
 Statistics (SAS, SPSS),
 Mapping (ArcMap, Google Maps),

©TVETCDACC@2019 95
  Statistical data analysis  SSPS
include but not limited to:  SAS
 R
 Data visualization tools  Tableau
include but not limited to:  Fusioncharts
 Highcharts
 Qlikview
 Sources of data include but  websites
not limited to:  Internet
 Emails
 social media,
 databases
 Mined data is categorized  quantitative
include but not limited to:  qualitative

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Creativity
 Innovation
 Multi-media
 Social networking
 Web searching
 Data analysis

Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Security and safety
 Current affairs
 Technology savvy

©TVETCDACC@2019 96
  Perceptive

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Demonstrated the ability to determine computer
tools in journalism.
1.2 Demonstrated the ability to determine sources of
new
1.3 Demonstrated the ability to apply data mining
techniques
1.4 Demonstrated the ability to analyze mined data.
2. Resource The following resources must be provided:
Implications 1.1 Scripts
1.2 Program schedules
1.3 Concept note
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Interview
3.2 Observation
3.3 Written tests
3.4 Third party reports
4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during
Assessment industrial or a combination of these. Off the job
assessment must be undertaken in a closely simulated
workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the
information for industry subsector, workplace and job roles is
assessment recommended.

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 WRITE AND REPORT NEWS
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/05/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to write and report news. It involves
determining structure and organization of news, gathering news story, determining news
writing styles, preparing newspaper copy, preparing digital news copy, Preparing
broadcast news copy preparing news copy and editing news story.
.
ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the
outcomes which make up required level of performance for each of the elements.
workplace function. Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the range.
1. Determine structure 1.1 News stories are identified as per the organizational
and organization of structure,
news 1.2 News writing techniques are determined as per the
organization guidelines.
1.3 Components of a news story are established as per
the SOPs.
1.4 Elements/values of news are determined as per the
SOPs.

2. Gather news story 2.1 News story sources are determined as per the work
place requirements.
2.2 News story source is selected based on the work
place objectives.
2.3 News gathering techniques are determined based on
the source.
2.4 News stories are gathered based on the work place
requirement.

3. Determine news 3.1 News story is identified based on in- house

writing styles guidelines.
3.2 Writing styles are established based on in-house
guidelines.
3.3 News broadcast platform is determined based on
organizational structure.
3.4 News writing language is selected based on editorial
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 guidelines

4. Prepare broadcast 4.1 Broadcast news stories are determined as per the
news copy SOPs.
4.2 Components of broadcast news stories are
determined as per the SOPs.
4.3 Broadcast news copy is drafted in line with in-house
guidelines.

5. Prepare newspaper 5.1 Newspaper stories are determined as per the SOPs
copy 5.2 Components of newspaper stories are determined
as per the SOPs
5.3 Newspaper copy is drafted in line with in-house
guidelines

6. Prepare digital news 6.1 Online news stories are determined as per the SOPs
copy 6.2 Components of online news stories are determined
as per the SOPs.
6.3 Online news copy is drafted in line with in-house
guidelines.

7. Edit news story 7.1. Drafted copy is edited for grammar as per the
SOPs.
7.2. Drafted copy is edited for spelling and
punctuation as per the SOPs
7.3. Drafted copy is edited for facts as per the SOPs
7.4. Drafted copy is edited for legal issues as per the
SOPs
7.5. Drafted copy is edited for language based on in-
house guidelines.
8. Determine 1.1 Knowledge on political players and development is
Parliament and determined based on trends.
political reporting 1.2 Parliamentary rules are established based on SOPs.
practice 1.3 Government processes and organs are established
based on SOPs.
1.4 Parliamentary privileges and immunities are
established based on SOPs.
9. Establish court 9.1 Constitution knowledge is established as per SOPs.
reporting practice 9.2 Court rules and regulations established as peer SOPs.

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 9.3 Accurate titles of court officials are established as
per SOPs.
9.4 Legal jargons are established as per SOPs.
9.5 Sources of court stories are established as per SOPs.
9.6 Contempt of court is established as per SOPs.
9.7 Trial process is established as per SOPs.
10. Determine sports 10.1 Rules and regulations governing the game are
reporting practice established based on the sport type.
10.2 History and development of the sport is
established based on research
10.3 Knowledge of player(s) is established based on
sport rules and regulations
11. Establish business 1.1 Business and economic policies are established
reporting practice based on SOPs.
1.2 Business and economy indexes and jargons are
established as per the SOPs.
1.3 Stock market and exchange rates are established as
per SOPs.
1.4 Numeracy and currency are established as per SOPs.

2. Establish science and 12.1 Mechanical accuracy is established based on facts

technology reporting 12.2 Technical accuracy is established based on facts
practice 12.3 Internal consistency is attained based on editorial
policy
12.4 Fact and objectivity is determines as per the
research findings

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 News sources  Human
include but not  Written
limited to:
 News gathering  Interviewing
techniques include  Recording
but not limited to:  Observation
 Participation

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  Interpreting
REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE
This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Creativity
 Innovation
 Multi-media
 Photogenic
 Eloquence

Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Security and safety
 Current affairs
 Technological savvy

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Determined structure and organization of news
1.2 Demonstrated ability to gather news story
1.3 Demonstrated ability to write news stories
1.4 Demonstrated ability to prepare a broadcast news copy
1.5 Demonstrated ability to prepare a newspaper story
1.6 Demonstrated ability to prepare a digital news copy
2. Resource The following resources must be provided:
Implications 2. Scripts
3. Program schedules

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 4. Concept note
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.5 Interview
3.6 Observation
3.7 Written tests
3.8 Third party reports
4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or
Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

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 PRODUCE FEATURE STORIES
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/06/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to produce feature stories. It involves
determining feature story ideas, determining feature article style, researching feature
stories, interviewing for feature stories, writing feature story and marketing feature story.
.
ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the
outcomes which make up required level of performance for each of the elements.
workplace function. Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the range.
1. Determine feature 1.1 Sources of feature stories are identified based on the
story ideas topic.
1.2 Elements of feature stories are established based on
SOPs.
1.3 Ideas of topical feature story are formulated based
on organizational objectives.
2. Determine feature 2.1 Feature stories are selected based on SOPs.
article style 2.2 Feature story language is selected based on the
topic.
2.3 Feature article style is selected as per the
organizational objectives.
3. Research feature 3.1 Feature sources are reached based on organizational
stories structures.
3.2 Feature story data is gathered online based on
organizational guidelines.
3.3 Location scene is visited as per the organizational
guidelines.
3.4 Feature story sources are interviewed based on the
topic.

4. Interview for feature 4.4 Interview consent is sought based on the topic.
stories 4.5 Location is established based on organizational
guidelines
4.6 Interview questions formulated based on research
findings
4.7 Forms of Interview are established based on the
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 topic
4.8 Interviewing techniques are employed based on the
topic.
5. Write feature story 5.4 Lead is established based on the topic
5.5 Feature introduction is drafted based on feature
lead guidelines.
5.6 Feature story body is drafted according to
organizational guidelines.
5.7 Feature story conclusion is drafted as per content.
6. Market feature story 6.4 Promotional videos are aired based on
organizational structure.
6.5 Teasers, blurbs or stand firsts are created based on
organizational structure.
6.6 Promotional talk is delivered based on feature
topic.

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Forms of  Informational
Interview include  Emotional
but not limited to:  Interpretive
 Investigative
 Interviewing  Active listening
techniques include  Turn-talking
but not limited to:  observation
 Language
 Lead is  Narrative
established  Descriptive,
include but not  Question,
limited to:  Direct address
 summary
 Analogy
 Quotation
 Teaser
 Anecdotal
REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

©TVETCDACC@2019 104
This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Creativity
 Innovation
 Multi-media
 Intuitive
 Interviewing
Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Security and safety
 Current affairs
 Technological savvy

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Demonstrated the ability to determine feature story ideas
1.2 Demonstrated the ability to determine feature article
style
1.3 Demonstrated the ability to research for feature stories
1.4 Determined the techniques to conduct feature story
interviews
1.5 Demonstrated the ability to write feature story
1.6 Demonstrated the ability to market feature story

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.1 Scripts
2.2 Program schedules

©TVETCDACC@2019 105
 2.3 Concept note
2.4 Interview question
2.5 Data (research findings)
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Interview
3.2 Observation
3.3 Written tests
3.4 Third party reports

2. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or

Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
3. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

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 CARRY OUT INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/07/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to carry out investigative journalism. It
involves determining investigative topic, determining investigative news sources,
applying investigative techniques, carrying out investigative journalism, preparing in-
depth copy, preparing promotional content.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the
outcomes which make up required level of performance for each of the
workplace function. elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range.
1. Determine investigative 1.1 Investigative issue is established based on public
topic interest.
1.2 Channels of sourcing information are determined
based on organizational structures.
1.3 Investigative topic is selected based on
organizational guidelines.
2. Determine investigative 2.1 Investigative story sources are determined based
news sources on SOPs.
2.2 Primary investigative news sources are
categorized based on SOPs.
2.3 Secondary investigative news sources are
categorized based on SOPs.
2.4 Data is extracted from sources based on
organizational guidelines.

3. Apply investigative 3.1 Investigative interviewing techniques are

techniques employed as per the organizational guidelines.
3.2 Investigative research techniques are employed
organizational guidelines.
3.3 Investigative subterfuge techniques are employed
based on organizational guidelines.

4. Carry out investigative 4.1 Investigative story findings are factually

©TVETCDACC@2019 107
 journalism documented based on SOPs.
4.2 Investigative story findings are objectively
interpreted based on SOPs.
4.3 Investigative story findings are systematically
reviewed based on SOPs.

5. Prepare in-depth copy 2.1 Lead is established based on the topic.

2.2 Investigative story introduction is drafted based
on organizational guidelines.
2.3 Investigative story body is drafted according to
organizational guidelines.
2.4 Investigative story conclusion is drafted as per
content.
3 Prepare promotional 6.1 Promotional videos are aired based on
content organizational structure
6.2 Teasers, blurbs or stand firsts are created based
on organizational structure
6.3 Promotional talk is delivered based on feature
topic

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Investigative  Undercover
subterfuge include but  Detective
not limited to:  Observation
 Sources of  Primary
investigative sources  Experts
include but not limited  sources
to:  Secondary
 Types of investigative  Primary
sources  secondary

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:

©TVETCDACC@2019 108
  Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Creativity
 Innovation
 Multi-media
 Intuitive
 Interviewing
Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Security and safety
 Current affairs
 Technological savvy

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Demonstrated ability to determine investigative topic
1.2 Demonstrated ability to determine investigative news
sources
1.3 Demonstrated ability to determine investigative
techniques
1.4 Demonstrated ability to carry out investigative
journalism
1.5 Demonstrated ability to prepare in-depth copy
1.6 Demonstrated ability to Prepare promotional content

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.1 Scripts
2.2 Program schedules

3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:

©TVETCDACC@2019 109
 Assessment 3.1 Interview
3.2 Observation
3.3 Written tests
3.4 Final reports

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or

Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

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 PRACTICE PHOTOJOURNALISM
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/08/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to apply photojournalism. It involves
determining equipment and techniques in photography, determining photography for
media platforms, shooting digital photography, select photos for media and editing
perceptive photos.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify
which make up workplace the required level of performance for each of the
function. elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range.
1. Determine equipment and 1.1 Forms of photography are established as
techniques in photography per organizational activities
1.2 Photography equipment is identified as per
the organization ‘activities.
1.3 Photography techniques are established in
line with type of photography
2. Determine photography for 2.1 Photo usage is declared as per the
media platforms organizational guidelines.
2.2 Media platform are established based on
organizational structure.
2.3 Photo designs are evaluated based on
purpose of the shoot.
2.4 Shooting schedule is formulated based on
organizational objectives.

3. Shoot digital photography 3.1 Shoot location is established according to

organizational activities
3.2 Shoot subjects are identified according to
organizational objectives.
3.3 Photo shoot resources are established and
their availability secured.
3.4 Shoot set-up is established as per the
organizational guidelines.

©TVETCDACC@2019 111
 3.5 Photo shoot is executed as per the SOPs.
3.6 Photos for different media platforms are
selected based on organization structure.

4. write photo caption 4.1 Photo captions are identified

4.2 Photos are analyzed based on organizational
objectives.
4.3 Research and fact checking is conducted
based on photos available.
4.4 Captions are written based on the type of
story.
5. Edit perceptive photo 5.1 Photo editing tools are determined as per
the SOPs.
5.2 Photos are reviewed and selected based on
organization objectives.
5.3 Photo file formats are determined as per the
SOPs.
5.4 Photos are edited as per the organizational
objectives.
5.5 Edited photos are placed based on the
media platforms.
5.6 Edited photos are packaged and archived as
per the organizational guidelines.

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Forms of photography  Portrait
include but not limited to:  Sports
 Spots
 News
 Landscape
 Wildlife
 Commercials
 Fashion
 Types of photography  Cameras

©TVETCDACC@2019 112
 equipment include but not  Lenses
limited to:  Tripods
 Diffusers
 Reflector Kit
 Media platform  Magazine,
include but not limited  Newspaper,
to:  Online,
 Tv
 Photo shoot resources  Human
include but not limited  Financial
to:  Technical
 Physical
REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE
This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Creativity
 Innovation
 Multi-media

Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Security and safety
 Current affairs
 Technological savvy

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

©TVETCDACC@2019 113
 of Competency 1.1 determined equipment and techniques in photography
1.2 determined photography for different media and
platforms
1.3 Demonstrated ability to shoot digital photography
1.4 Demonstrated ability to determine photographic
activities for media
1.5 Demonstrated ability to edit perceptive photos
1.6 Demonstrated ability to write captions

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.1 Scripts
2.2 Program schedules
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Interview
3.2 Observation
3.3 Written tests
3.4 Final reports

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or

Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 114
 APPLY MEDIA CONVERGENCE
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/9/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to apply media convergence. It involves
determining technologies of media convergence, applying digital journalism, applying
media convergence in the industry, regulating converged media and determining the
impact of media convergence.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify the
which make up workplace required level of performance for each of the
function. elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range.
1. Determine Technologies 1.1 Categories of media convergence are
of media convergence established as per the SOPs
1.2 Media convergence tools are identified as per
the organization ‘activities.
1.3 Media convergence tools are established as
per standard operating procedures as per the
SOPs
2. Apply digital journalism 2.1 Digital journalism tools are established as per
the SOPs
2.2 Elements of digital journalism are established
2.3 Digital content to be produced are established
as per the organization policies.
2.4 Resources required are established and their
availability secured as per organization policies
2.5 Digital content are produced as per the script.
3. Apply media convergence 3.1 Tasks are determined as per the organizational
policies.
3.2 Resources required are established and their
availability secured as per organization policies
3.2 Media convergence processes are applied as
per organizational objectives
4. Regulate converged 4.1 Converged media risks are established as per
media the SOPs

©TVETCDACC@2019 115
 4.2 Converged media rules and regulations are
established as per the SOPs
4.3 Converged media rules and regulations are
applied as per the SOPs
5. Determine impact of 5.1 Media channels, messages and audience in
media convergence converged media are established as per
organizational objectives
5.2 Converged media profitability are established
as per organizational objectives
5.3 Case studies of converged media industries are
conducted as per organizational objectives

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Types of media  Internet,
convergence tools  Databases,
include but not limited  Social Media Platforms
to:
 Resources include but  human,
not limited to:  financial
 physical
 technical

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Creativity
 Innovation
 Multi-media

©TVETCDACC@2019 116
Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Security and safety
 Current affairs
 Technological savvy

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Determined Technologies of media convergence
1.2 Demonstrated ability to apply digital journalism
1.3 Demonstrated ability to apply media convergence in
the industry
1.4 Demonstrated ability to regulate converged media
1.5 Determined impact of media convergence

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.1 Scripts
2.2 Program schedules
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Interview
3.2 Observation
3.3 Written tests
3.4 Third party reports
3.5 Submitted portfolios

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or

Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 117
 PLAN AND MANAGE JOURNALISM PROJECT
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/10/6
UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to plan and manage project. It involves
determining project plan, reviewing pertinent literature, developing project design,
preparing budget for project, developing data collection tools, collecting project data,
presenting project data, analysing and interpretation of data, documenting project finding
conclusions and recommendations and write project report.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the
outcomes which make up required level of performance for each of the
workplace function. elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range.
1. Determine project plan 1.1 Research project selected based on
organizational objectives
1.2 Problem statement formulated based on
organizational objectives
1.3 Research projects objectives are established
based on organizational objectives
1.4 Research project justification established as per
the organizational objectives.
2. Review Pertinent 2.1 Relevant literature sources are identified based
Literature on research objectives.
2.2 Pertinent literature is determined as per
research objectives.
2.3 Pertinent literature is reviewed as per research
objectives.
2.4 Pertinent literature is compiled as per the
SOPs.
3. Develop project Design 3.1 Types of research designs are established based
on the research objectives.
3.2 Research design is selected based on research
objectives.
3.3 Research design is developed based on project
objectives.

©TVETCDACC@2019 118
 4. Prepare project budget 4.1 Research scope is established based on
organizational objectives.
4.2 Sources of funding are identified based on
organizational objectives.
4.3 Budget items are identified based on project
objectives.
4.4 Research budget is drafted based on
organizational objectives.

5. Develop data collection 5.1 Data collection tools are established based on
tools project objectives.
5.2 Data collection tool are determined based on
project objectives.
5.3 Data collection tools are designed based on
project objectives.

6. Collect project data 6.1 Data collection methods are determined.

6.2 Data collection method is selected based on
project objectives.
6.3 Data collected is compiled based on project
objectives

7. Present project data 7.1. Data presentation tools are identified based
on organizational objectives.
7.2. Data presentation methods are determined
based on project objectives.
7.3. Gathered data is displayed on correct format
based on project objectives.
8. Analysis and 8.1. Data analysis methods are established based
interpretation of data on project objectives.
8.2. Data analysis method is selected based on
project objectives.
8.3. Data is analyzed as per the SOPs.
9. Document project 9.1 Components of research project are analyzed
findings, conclusions based on project objectives.
and recommendations 9.2 Analyzed data are reviewed based on project
objectives.
9.3 Research Conclusions are drafted based on
project objectives.

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 9.4 Research recommendations are drawn based on
project objectives.
10. Write final Report 10.1 Research report is drafted as per the SOPs.
10.2 Research report is reviewed and edited as per
the SOPs.
10.3 Research report is evaluated and implemented
as per the SOPs.

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Types of  Internet,
media  Databases,
convergence  Social Media Platforms
tools include  Project plan
but not
limited to:

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Creativity
 Innovation
 Multi-media

Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Security and safety

©TVETCDACC@2019 120
  Current affairs
 Technological savvy

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Competency 1.1 Determined research Project
1.2 Reviewed pertinent Literature
1.3 Developed research Design
1.4 Prepared budget for Research
1.5 Developed data Collection tools
1.6 Collected research Data
1.7 Presented and displayed Data
1.8 Analysed and Interpreted Data
1.9 Documented research Findings and drew
conclusions and recommendations
1.10 Wrote the research report

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.1 SOPs manuals
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Interview
3.2 Written test
3.3 Submitted reports/ projects

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or

Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

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 CONDUCT RESEARCH IN JOURNALISM
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/11/6

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to conduct research in mass
communication. It involves identifying a research problem, formulating hypothesis,
conducting research review, developing research design and methodology, conducting
data collection, analysing and presentation, conducting hypothesis testing, preparing
research proposal and preparing research report.
ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the
outcomes which make up required level of performance for each of the elements.
workplace function. Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the range.
1. Identify a research 1.1 Investigation is done based on area of study.
problem 1.2 The scope of the study is defined based on the area
of study.
1.3 A research topic is formulated based on research
problem.
2. Formulate 2.1 Research objectives are identified based on the
research topic.
objectives and 2.2 Research questions are established based on the
questions objectives.
2.3 Research objectives and questions are drafted

3. Conduct research 3.1 Sources of information are identified as per the

literature review topic.
3.2 Information obtained from the sourced are
analyzed as per the research objectives.
3.3 Literature review is conducted based on the
research problem.
4. Determine 4.1 Types of research design are identified based on
research design the topic
4.2 A research design is selected based on research
objectives
4.3 Sampling techniques are established based on
design
4.4 Data analysis techniques are established based on
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 design.
4.5 Validity and reliability of research instruments is
determined as per design

5. Determine data 5.1 Types of data collections methods are established

collection based on design
methods 5.2 Sources of research data are identified
5.3 Sampling techniques are selected based on the
population
5.4 Data is extracted from sources based on the research
objectives
6. Determine 5.5 Types of data is determined as per the collected
analysis, information
interpretation and 5.6 Methods of analysing data collected are established
presentation of based relationship, interaction and disputes.
data 5.7 Collected data is measured based on the analysis
5.8 Methods of interpreting data (descriptive, inferential
and evaluation) are established based on design
5.9 Analysed data is presented based on the design
7. Draft research 7.1 Research title is written based on SOPs
report 7.2 Reviewed literature is written based on SOPs
7.3 Statement of the problem Written based on SOPs
7.4 Research objectives and Questions are written based
on SOPs
7.5 Research findings are documented based on SOPs
7.6 Analysed data is presented based on SOPs
7.7 Conclusion and recommendation is drafted based on
results

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Sources of  Primary
information:  Secondary
include but not
limited to

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  Types of research  Descriptive
design include but  Experimental
not limited to  Case study
 Correlational
 Sampling  Probability
techniques include  Non-probability
but not limited to
 Types of data  qualitative/categorical
include but not  quantitative/measurement
limited to
 Sources of data  Primary
include but not  Secondary
limited to
 Methods of data  Questionnaire
collection include  Interviewing
but not limited to  Observation

 Methods of  descriptive
interpreting data  Inferential
include but not  evaluation
limited to

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Evaluation
 analytical skills
 presentation
 Communication
 ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Management
Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:

©TVETCDACC@2019 124
Research methods
Organizational Policy and procedures
Current affairs
Types of stakeholders in an organization

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 demonstrated ability to identify research problem
1.2 formulated hypothesis for research questions
1.3 conducted research review
1.4 developed research design and methodology
1.5 conducted data collection, analysis and presentation
1.6 conducted hypothesis testing
1.7 prepared research proposal and report

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.1 SOPs manuals
2.2 Finding tools
2.3 Working schedules

3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:

Assessment 5.1 Interview
5.2 research reports

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or

Assessment a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

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 DEMONSTRATE MASS COMMUNICATION
UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/12/6

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to demonstrate the understanding of mass
communication. It involves determine forms and context of communication, determine
fundamentals of communication, determine media of communication, determine impact
of the mass media.
ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key These are assessable statements which specify the
outcomes which make up required level of performance for each of the elements.
workplace function. Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the range.
1. Determine 1.1 Features of communications are demonstrated based
fundamentals of on SOPs.
mass 1.2 Nature and characteristics of mass communications are
communication illustrated based on SOPs.
1.3 Functions of mass communications are demonstrated
based on SOPs.
1.4 Process of communication is established based on
SOPs
1.5 Elements of communication are determined based on
the process.
1.6 Models of communication are determined based on
SOPs.
2. Determine media 2.1 Channel of mass communication is determined based
of on organization structure
communication 2.2 Forms of print communication are established based
on organizational structure.
2.3 Forms of broadcast media are selected based on
organizational structure.
2.4 Forms of digital media are selected based on
organizational structure.
3. Determine forms 3.1 Forms of mass communication are determined based
and context of on SOPs.
communication 3.2 Forms of broadcast communication is established
based on organizational structure
3.3 Forms of print media communication is established
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 based on organizational structure
3.4 Forms of public relations communication is
established based on organizational structure

4. Determine 4.1 Adjunct of mass media are established based on SOPs

adjuncts of the 4.2 Elements of mass media on public relations is
mass media. determined based on organizational structure
4.3 Elements of mass media on advertising is determined
based on organizational structure
4.4 Impact of mass media on society is established based
on organizational structure

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Forms of print media  Newspapers
communication: include  Magazines
but not limited to 

 Forms of broadcast  Television,

communication; include  Radio
but not limited to
 Forms of public relations  Corporate
communication include  Advertising
but not limited to  Marketing
 Campaigns
 Events

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.

Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Evaluation
 analytical skills
 presentation
 Communication
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  ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
Research methods
Organizational Policy and procedures
Current affairs
Types of stakeholders in an organization

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

Aspects of 1.1 demonstrated ability to identify research problem
Competency 1.2 formulated hypothesis for research questions
1.3 conducted research review
1.4 developed research design and methodology
1.5 conducted data collection, analysis and presentation
1.6 conducted hypothesis testing
1.7 prepared research proposal and report

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.1 SOPs manuals
2.2 Finding tools
2.3 Working schedules

3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through;

Assessment 5.1 Interview
5.2 Observation
5.3 Written tests
5.4 Third party reports

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial

Assessment or a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry

©TVETCDACC@2019 128
 information subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
for assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 129
 APPLY FUNDAMENTALS OF DIGITAL JOURNALISM

UNIT CODE: MDJ/OS/DIJ/CR/14/6

UNIT DESCRIPTION
This unit specifies the competencies required to apply fundamentals of digital journalism.
It involves identifying digital journalism forms, manage digital journalism, establishing
digital landscape, producing digital content and analysing data journalism.

ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
These describe the key outcomes These are assessable statements which specify the
which make up workplace required level of performance for each of the
function. elements.
Bold and italicized terms are elaborated in the
range.
1. Identify digital journalism 1.1 Purpose of digital journalism is established
forms based on the organizational structure
1.2 Other of forms of journalism are identified as
per SOPs
1.3 Forms of digital journalism are explored as
per SOPs
1.4 Differences between digital Journalism and
other forms of journalism are established as
per SOPs
2. Establish digital landscape 2.1 Digital landscape application in journalism is
established based on organizational objectives
2.2 Types of digital landscapes (business,
marketing, education, politics, Journalism)
are established as per the SOPs
2.3 Integration of digital journalism and other
forms of journalism established based on
organizational objectives
3. Manage Digital journalism 3.3 .Types of digital journalism tools are
identified as per the organization ‘activities.
3.4 Digital journalism tasks are selected as per the
organizational policies.
3.5 Digital journalism tools functions are

©TVETCDACC@2019 130
 established as per standard operating
procedures(SOPs
4. Produce digital content 4.1 Digital content to be produced are
established as per the organization policies.
4.2 Resources required are established and their
availability secured as per organization
policies
4.3 Digital content to be produced are scripted
as per the organizational objectives.
4.4 Digital content are produced as per the
script.
4.5 Produced digital content is uploaded
5. Analyze data journalism 1.1 Types of data journalism tools are
established as per the SOPs
1.2 Data to be used in digital journalism are
identified based on organizational
objectives.
1.3 Data to be used in digital journalism are
cleaned and analyzed based on
organizational objectives.
1.4 Cleaned and analyzed data is visualized
based on organizational objectives.

RANGE
This section provides work environments and conditions to which the performance
criteria apply. It allows for different work environment and situations that will affect
performance.
Variable Range
 Types of digital  Business
landscapes include but not  Marketing
limited to:  Education
 Politics
 Journalism

REQUIRED SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE

This section describes the skills and knowledge required for this unit of competency.
Required skills
The individual needs to demonstrate the following skills:
 Communication

©TVETCDACC@2019 131
  ICT
 Interpersonal
 Public relations
 Planning
 Budgeting
 Creativity
 Innovation
 Multi-media

Required knowledge
The individual needs to demonstrate knowledge of:
 Media regulations and policies
 Media code of ethics
 Security and safety
 Current affairs
 Technological savvy

EVIDENCE GUIDE
This provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the
performance criteria, required skills and knowledge and range.

1. Critical Aspects Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:

of Competency 1.1 Explored digital journalism and other forms of
journalism
1.2 Explored digital landscape
1.3 Determined Digital journalism tools
1.4 Demonstrated ability to produce digital content
1.5 Demonstrated ability to be a professional digital
journalist
1.6 Demonstrated ability to apply digital journalism
safety and security rules and regulations
1.7 Demonstrated ability to practice data journalism

2. Resource The following resources must be provided:

Implications 2.5 Scripts
2.6 Program schedules
3. Methods of Competency may be assessed through:
Assessment 3.1 Interview
3.2 Observation
3.3 Written tests
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 3.4 Third party reports

4. Context of Competency may be assessed on:

Assessment Competency may be assessed on the job, during industrial or
a combination of these. Off the job assessment must be
undertaken in a closely simulated workplace environment.
5. Guidance Holistic assessment with other units relevant to the industry
information for subsector, workplace and job roles is recommended.
assessment

©TVETCDACC@2019 133