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Essentials of MIS, 10e (Laudon/Laudon)
Chapter 6 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology

1) Telephone networks are fundamentally different from computer networks.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 181
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

2) Increasingly, voice, video, and data communications are all based on Internet technology.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 181
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

3) To create a computer network, you must have at least two computers.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 182
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

4) An NOS must reside on a dedicated server computer in order to manage a network.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 182
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

5) A hub is a networking device that connects network components and is used to filter and
forward data to specified destinations on the network.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 183
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

6) In a client/server network, a network server provides every connected client with an address
so it can be found by others on the network.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 184
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

7) Central large mainframe computing has largely replaced client/server computing.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 184
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

1
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
8) Circuit switching makes much more efficient use of the communications capacity of a
network than does packet switching.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8497
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

9) Mobile search makes up 15% of all Internet searches.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 202
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
CASE: Comprehension

10) Two computers using TCP/IP can communicate even if they are based on different hardware
and software platforms.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 186
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

11) In a ring topology, one station transmits signals, which travel in both directions along a
single transmission segment.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 188
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

12) Coaxial cable is similar to that used for cable television and consists of thickly insulated
copper wire.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 188
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

13) Fiber-optic cable is more expensive and harder to install than wire media.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 189
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

14) The number of cycles per second that can be sent through any telecommunications medium
is measured in kilobytes.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 190
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

2
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
15) The Domain Name System (DNS) converts IP addresses to domain names.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 191
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

16) VoIP technology delivers video information in digital form using packet switching.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 198
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

17) Web 3.0 is a collaborative effort to add a layer of meaning to the existing Web in order to
reduce the amount of human involvement in searching for and processing Web information.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 206
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
CASE: Comprehension

18) In a large company today, you will often find an infrastructure that includes hundreds of
small LANs linked to each other as well as to corporate-wide networks.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 193
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

19) TCP/IP was developed in the 1960s to enable university scientists to transmit data from
computer to computer.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 185
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
CASE: Comprehension

20) RFID technology is being gradually replaced by less costly technologies such as WSNs.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 209-211
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

3
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
21) The device that acts as a connection point between computers and can filter and forward data
to a specified destination is called a(n):
A) hub.
B) switch.
C) router.
D) NIC.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 183
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

22) The Internet is based on which three key technologies?

A) TCP/IP, HTML, and HTTP
B) TCP/IP, HTTP, and packet switching
C) Client/server computing, packet switching, and the development of communications standards
for linking networks and computers
D) Client/server computing, packet switching, and HTTP
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 184
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

23) The method of slicing digital messages into parcels, transmitting them along different
communication paths, and reassembling them at their destinations is called:
A) multiplexing.
B) packet switching.
C) packet routing.
D) ATM.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 184
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

24) The telephone system is an example of a ________ network.

A) peer-to-peer
B) wireless
C) packet-switched
D) circuit-switched
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 184
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

4
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
25) Which of the following is not a characteristic of packet switching?
A) Packets travel independently of each other.
B) Packets are routed through many different paths.
C) Packet switching requires point-to-point circuits.
D) Packets include data for checking transmission errors.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 184
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

26) In TCP/IP, IP is responsible for:

A) disassembling and reassembling of packets during transmission.
B) establishing an Internet connection between two computers.
C) moving packets over the network.
D) sequencing the transfer of packets.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 185
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

27) In a telecommunications network architecture, a protocol is:

A) a device that handles the switching of voice and data in a local area network.
B) a standard set of rules and procedures for control of communications in a network.
C) a communications service for microcomputer users.
D) the main computer in a telecommunications network.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 185
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

28) What are the four layers of the TCP/IP reference model?
A) Physical, application, transport, and network interface
B) Physical, application, Internet, and network interface
C) Application, transport, Internet, and network interface
D) Application, hardware, Internet, and network interface
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 185-186
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

5
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
29) Which signal types are represented by a continuous waveform?
A) Laser
B) Optical
C) Digital
D) Analog
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 186
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

30) To use the analog telephone system for sending digital data, you must also use:
A) a modem.
B) a router.
C) DSL.
D) twisted wire.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 186
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

31) Which type of network is used to connect digital devices within a half-mile or 500-meter
radius?
A) Microwave
B) LAN
C) WAN
D) MAN
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 186-187
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

32) Which type of network treats all processors equally, and allows peripheral devices to be
shared without going to a separate server?
A) Peer-to-peer
B) Wireless
C) LAN
D) Ring
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 187
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

6
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
33) Which type of network would be most appropriate for a business that comprised three
employees and a manager located in the same office space, whose primary need is to share
documents?
A) Wireless network in infrastructure mode
B) Domain-based LAN
C) Peer-to-peer network
D) Campus area network
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 187
AACSB: Analytic Skills
CASE: Evaluation in terms of assess

34) In a bus network:

A) signals are broadcast to the next station.
B) signals are broadcast in both directions to the entire network.
C) multiple hubs are organized in a hierarchy.
D) messages pass from computer to computer in a loop.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 187
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

35) All network components connect to a single hub in a ________ topology.

A) star
B) bus
C) domain
D) peer-to-peer
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 187
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

36) The most common Ethernet topology is:

A) bus.
B) star.
C) ring.
D) mesh.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 187
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

7
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
37) A network that spans a city, and sometimes its major suburbs as well, is called a:
A) CAN.
B) MAN.
C) LAN.
D) WAN.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 188
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

38) A network that covers entire geographical regions is most commonly referred to as a(n):
A) local area network.
B) intranet.
C) peer-to-peer network.
D) wide area network.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 188
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

39) ________ work(s) by using radio waves to communicate with radio antennas placed within
adjacent geographic areas.
A) Cell phones
B) Microwaves
C) Satellites
D) WANs
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 190
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

40) Bandwidth is the:

A) number of frequencies that can be broadcast through a medium.
B) number of cycles per second that can be sent through a medium.
C) difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be accommodated on a single
channel.
D) total number of bytes that can be sent through a medium per second.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 190
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

8
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
41) The total amount of digital information that can be transmitted through any
telecommunications medium is measured in:
A) bps.
B) Hertz.
C) baud.
D) gigaflops.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 190
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

42) Digital subscriber lines:

A) operate over existing telephone lines to carry voice, data, and video.
B) operate over coaxial lines to deliver Internet access.
C) are very-high-speed data lines typically leased from long-distance telephone companies.
D) have up to twenty-four 64-Kbps channels.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 190
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

43) T lines:
A) operate over existing telephone lines to carry voice, data, and video.
B) operate over coaxial lines to deliver Internet access.
C) are high-speed, leased data lines providing guaranteed service levels.
D) have up to twenty-four 64-Kbps channels.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 190-191
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

44) Which protocol is the Internet based on?

A) TCP/IP
B) FTP
C) packet-switching
D) HTTP
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 191
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

9
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
45) What service converts IP addresses into more recognizable alphanumeric names?
A) HTML
B) DNS
C) IP
D) HTTP
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 191
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

46) The child domain of the root is the:

A) top-level domain.
B) second-level domain.
C) host name.
D) domain extension.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 191
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

47) In the domain name "http://myspace.blogging.com", what are the root, top-level, second-
level, and third-level domains, respectively?
A) "http://", myspace, blogging, com
B) "http://", com, blogging, myspace
C) ".", com, blogging, myspace
D) ".", myspace, blogging, com
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 191-192
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

48) Which organization helps define the overall structure of the Internet?
A) None (no one "owns" the Internet)
B) W3C
C) ICANN
D) IAB
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 194
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

10
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
49) IPv6 is being developed in order to:
A) update the packet transmission protocols for higher bandwidth.
B) create more IP addresses.
C) allow for different levels of service.
D) support Internet2.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 195
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

50) Which of the following services enables logging on to one computer system and working on
another?
A) FTP
B) LISTSERV
C) Telnet
D) World Wide Web
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 195
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

51) Instant messaging is a type of ________ service.

A) chat
B) cellular
C) e-mail
D) wireless
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 196
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

52) Which of the following statements about RFID is not true?

A) RFIDs transmit only over a short range.
B) RFIDs use an antenna to transmit data.
C) Microchips embedded in RFIDs are used to store data.
D) RFIDs require line-of-sight contact to be read.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 209-210
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
CASE: Comprehension

11
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
53) ________ integrate(s) disparate channels for voice communications, data communications,
instant messaging, e-mail, and electronic conferencing into a single experience.
A) Wireless networks
B) Intranets
C) Virtual private networks
D) Unified communications
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 199
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

54) A VPN:
A) is an encrypted private network configured within a public network.
B) is more expensive than a dedicated network.
C) provides secure, encrypted communications using Telnet.
D) is an Internet-based service for delivering voice communications.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 199
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

55) Web browser software requests Web pages from the Internet using which protocol?
A) URL
B) HTTP
C) DNS
D) HTML
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 200
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

56) Together, a protocol prefix, a domain name, a directory path, and a document name, are
called a(n):
A) uniform resource locator.
B) IP address.
C) third level domain.
D) root domain.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 200-201
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

12
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
57) The most common Web server today, controlling 59 percent of the market, is:
A) Microsoft IIS.
B) WebSTAR
C) Apache HTTP Server.
D) Netscape Server.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 201
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

58) What technology allows people to have content pulled from Web sites and fed automatically
to their computers?
A) FTP
B) RSS
C) HTTP
D) Bluetooth
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 205
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

59) The process of employing techniques to help a Web site achieve a higher ranking with the
major search engines is called:
A) VPN.
B) IAB.
C) SEM.
D) SEO.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 203
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

60) Which of the following statements is not true about search engines?
A) They are arguably the Internet's "killer app."
B) They have solved the problem of how users instantly find information on the Internet.
C) They are monetized almost exclusively by search engine marketing.
D) There are hundreds of search engines vying for user attention, with no clear leader having yet
emerged.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 201-203
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

13
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
61) Which of the following is the first generation of cellular systems suitable for wireless
broadband Internet access?
A) 2G
B) 2.5G
C) 3G
D) 4G
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 207
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

62) A LAN would be used to connect all of the following except:

A) all of the computers in a large building.
B) all of the devices within a 10-meter area.
C) all of the computers in a city.
D) all of the computers in a small office.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 187
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

63) The most appropriate wireless networking standard for creating PANs is:
A) I-mode.
B) IEEE 802.11b.
C) WiFi.
D) Bluetooth.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 207
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

64) Bluetooth can be used to link up to ________ devices within a 10-meter area using low-
power, radio-based communication.
A) four
B) six
C) eight
D) ten
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 207
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

14
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
65) Which process is used to protect transmitted data in a VPN?
A) Tunneling
B) PPP
C) VOIP
D) Packet switching
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 200
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

66) One or more access points positioned on a ceiling, wall, or other strategic spot in a public
place to provide maximum wireless coverage for a specific area are referred to as:
A) touch points.
B) hotspots.
C) hot points.
D) wireless hubs.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 208
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

67) The 802.11 set of standards is known as:

A) WLAN.
B) WSN.
C) Wi-Fi.
D) WiMax.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 208
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

68) The WiMax standard can transmit up to a distance of approximately:

A) 30 meters.
B) 500 meters.
C) 30 miles.
D) 5 miles.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 209
AACSB: Use of IT
CASE: Comprehension

15
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
Discovering Diverse Content Through
Random Scribd Documents
school ma’ams. Their purpose is to teach the young idea to
shoot, it says.

Consequently there were those who believed Michael

misguided when he opened up his shooting gallery in a
basement on North Clark street near West Erie street. There
Mike—for the consideration of 5 cents for five shots—taught the
young idea marksmanship after a fashion of his own.

“Mike, the ne’er-do-well,” they called him for years. But a

smile was Mike’s only answer. He went right on loading rifles for
whoever came and painting out the bullet marks on the white
targets in the gallery.

On May 23, 1913, Mike died. Public Administrator James F.

Bishop took charge of the estate, hoping he would get enough
out of it to bury the target tender. Mr. Bishop was surprised
when he found that Mike, the “ne’er-do-well,” had a snug bank
account—some $400.

Another surprise came yesterday when Administrator Bishop

announced the result of his seventeen months’ investigation into
Mike’s affairs. It was learned that the “ne’er-do-well” left a
nephew in Blackburne, Lancashire, England, named as his sole
heir. In a safety deposit vault Mike had $42,000 worth of bonds
—the products of teaching the young idea to shoot.

(2)

Chicago Herald

“Mike” was a shiftless guy. Any of the bunch would tell you
that. Of course he always had money. But then, too, he was
always giving it away. He’d lend you anything he had if he knew
you, and many’s the “bo” who got the price of a bed from him.
 Mike at one time was known as Michael Kennedy, but that
was not during the time he kept the shooting gallery in North
Clark street. He was a rough fellow, and not very affable with
strangers. But he’d go a long way for a pal.

He had his place of business in a basement room. He slept

there, and entertained his friends there when not busy loading
rifles for his patrons. And everybody said that he could have a
good home if he were not so shiftless.

Well, “Mike” died a year ago last May, and it was found he
had $400 in the bank. The county buried him and charged
$106.75 to his estate. The fellows he had befriended went to
the funeral and said “We told you so.” But they agreed that Mike
was a good fellow.

Public Administrator James F. Bishop was appointed to take

care of the shooting gallery owner’s estate. He started an
investigation.

He discovered that Kennedy had a nephew in Blackburne,

Lancashire, England, and that the shiftless, open-hearted, free-
handed “ne’er-do-well” had just a little over $42,000 worth of
gilt-edged stocks and bonds in a safety deposit vault in the
Masonic Temple.

The amount was turned over to the nephew, James Kennedy,

yesterday.
 CHAPTER VI

INVESTIGATIONS, LEGISLATION, AND MEETINGS

Type of story. News stories of various kinds of meetings

constitute a distinct class. In the term “meeting” are included
sessions of state legislatures, meetings of municipal councils,
conventions of various organizations, and meetings of local societies.
Investigations and hearings as conducted by committees of
legislative bodies are also placed in this class, although they are
often more like judicial proceedings.

The purely informative type of story is the common form for

reporting meetings, investigations, and hearings. The parts of the
proceedings that are of general interest and significance make up
the contents of such stories (cf. “State Legislature,” p. 116, and
“Meeting of Safety Council,” p. 120). In meetings of some
importance are to be found humorous or pathetic phases that may
be brought out legitimately to heighten the interest and to
emphasize the significance of the proceedings (cf. “Hearing on
Proposed Ordinance,” p. 113, and “Testimony in Investigation,” p.
110). Some meetings lend themselves to humorous treatment, and
when the news interest in them is slight, such stories about them
constitute typical human interest stories (cf. “Old Clothes Men’s
Meeting,” p. 122).

Purpose. To give the facts accurately and as completely as their

significance warrants should be the first aim in reporting proceedings
of official bodies, because, like court proceedings, they are matters
of public concern. The desire to accomplish some end, no matter
how laudable that end may be, does not justify distortion or
suppression of the news of the doings of official bodies. A
constructive purpose, such as that of exposing sinister influences
that may be affecting legislative action, is entirely justifiable, but
distortion or suppression of facts in order to make out a stronger
case is not legitimate and should not be necessary. Politically
partisan news stories that misrepresent public matters in order to
create opinion favorable to the cause that the paper upholds,
whether they be reports of official proceedings or of political
campaign meetings, not only hurt the reputation of the newspaper
that publishes them but tend to cast doubt on the truthfulness of
newspapers generally.

Much more effort should be made by newspapers in this country

to show the significance of acts of representative public bodies, in
relation not only to the home and business interests of the individual
reader, but to the welfare of the community, the state, and the
nation. Intelligent interest in government on the part of the
individual citizen, which is generally recognized as absolutely
essential to the success of a democracy, can be more effectively
created through the news columns of the daily newspaper than by
any other means.

Treatment. To make interesting what is often considered dry and

unattractive in proceedings of various public meetings, is the chief
problem in writing news stories concerning them. Simple, clear
explanation of the meaning of significant parts of the proceedings,
lively accounts of debate on various measures, and vivid description
of persons and scenes connected with them—all add to the interest
of the stories. Too often, however, insignificant incidents of casual
interest are played up as features of meetings of importance to the
subordination or even to the exclusion of matters of vital concern.

Testimony in investigations and hearings sometimes has dramatic

phases like that in court trials. The questions and the answers in
these proceedings are handled like those in court stories, and
testimony is dealt with in much the same manner (cf. “Congressional
Investigation,” p. 109 and “Testimony in Investigation,” p. 110).
 To select the vital matters, to present them concisely, and to
condense routine but necessary details into the smallest possible
compass in stories of this class, require effort and skill.

Note—The following two stories give the results of the first

two days’ work in the investigation of conditions growing out of
a coal strike. Both were sent by the Associated Press.

CONGRESSIONAL INVESTIGATION

(1)

Chicago Inter Ocean

CHARLESTON, W. Va., June 10.—The power and authority of

the government of the United States came to West Virginia
today to determine who is responsible for the conditions which
have kept the state in virtual civil war for more than a year.

Opening the investigation of the coal mine strike, which has

dealt death and destruction in the Paint Creek and Cabin Creek
mining sections, the Senate mine strike investigating committee
tonight called upon the military authorities for the records of the
proceedings prior to, and under the declaration of, martial law in
the strike territory.

Judge Advocate General George S. Wallace, Adjutant General

Charles D. Elliott, Major James I. Pratt, Captain Charles R.
Morgan and Captain Samuel L. Walker were summoned before
the committee this evening, to produce the state records
regarding the declaration of martial law and the proceedings of
the military committee which was placed in authority in the
strike district.
 Senator Borah of Idaho desired their testimony and their
records as a basis for the branch of the inquiry which he is
conducting, as to the charge that citizens have been “arrested,
tried and convicted in violation of the Constitution or the law of
the United States.”

Opening his case under the section of the Senate resolution

authorizing the investigation which directs an inquiry into this
subject, Senator Borah, at a brief session of the committee this
afternoon, read into the record several excerpts from the
constitution of West Virginia. The first was the provision
declaring that the constitution of the state and of the United
States shall always be in effect. The second provision declared,
under no circumstances shall the right of habeas corpus be
denied.

The third was the usual provision that no citizen shall be

deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law.
The fourth set forth that the military authority shall not
supersede the civil powers, even under the plea of necessity,
and others provided for trial by jury in open court for all criminal
offenses.

The activities of the state authorities in connection with the

strike will be probed by the committee, in view of these
constitutional guarantees, and the charge that the mine workers
have not been accorded their full rights will be investigated with
these provisions in mind.

A formidable array of counsel was on hand. For the miners

there appeared Frank S. Monnet, formerly attorney general of
Ohio, Seymour Stedman of Illinois, and M. M. Belcher and H. W.
Houston. The operators were represented by Z. T. Vinson, E. W.
Knight and C. C. Watts, with a half score of assistants.
 Two lengthy preliminary statements were filed with the
committee by the attorneys for the operators. The first was filed
by Mr. Vinson for the operators generally, and the second by Mr.
Watts for the Paint Creek Collieries company. Both were pleas of
“not guilty” and both denied in detail and in toto the charges
made in the resolution passed by the Senate authorizing the
inquiry.

The operators in their brief made the counter charge that the
United Mine Workers of America, in its attempts “to organize”
the coal miners in the West Virginia field, was responsible for
the violence which has characterized the strike.

The operators declared they expect to prove that firearms and

ammunition were brought into the state “for acts of lawlessness
and violence, which were designed to keep the Paint Creek and
Cabin Creek mines idle and prevent shipments of coal therefrom
until the United Mine Workers of America should be recognized.”

The statement presented by the Paint Creek Collieries

company made similar denials and similar charges.

Former Governor Glasscock, who was Governor when the

strike began and who declared martial law in the district, will
appear before the committee on Thursday. He sent a telegram
to the committee today offering to testify, and at the suggestion
of Senator Borah it was arranged to examine him on Thursday.

(2)

Chicago Inter Ocean

CHARLESTON, W. Va., June 11.—War time rule in the coal

strike regions of West Virginia was described before the Senate
mine investigating committee here today, and after three
military officers had told of conditions, the committee expressed
itself as satisfied as to the charge that “the citizens of West
Virginia had been tried and convicted in violation of the
Constitution and laws of the United States.”

Two members of the military committee, which at three

different times have assumed absolute dominion over some 150
square miles of West Virginia territory, testified. They were
Captain Charles R. Morgan, a lawyer, and Major James I. Pratt,
who was president of the second military court which took
charge of the strike district. Both told the committee that their
proceedings were conducted without regard to the civil laws of
the state; that they arrested, arraigned, tried, convicted and
sentenced offenders without recourse to civil courts and without
regard to the limitations imposed by the statutes of West
Virginia.

“We considered that the strike district was in a state of actual

warfare,” said Captain Morgan, “and we acted according to the
procedure of the United States Army in time of war.”

“But the constitution of the state provides,” interjected

Attorney Monnet, for the miners, “that the military shall be
subordinate to the civil power, and that no citizen, unless
engaged in military service of the state, shall be tried or
punished for any offense that is cognizable by the civil courts of
the state.”

“My understanding was,” replied Captain Morgan, “that during

the state of insurrection which prevailed, the constitution of the
state of West Virginia was suspended by the acts of those men
who were burning, killing and destroying property.

“We believed that to perpetuate the state of West Virginia and

restore the constitution was to use extreme measures.”
 A dozen pictures of men clad in prison clothing were identified
by Major Pratt as those of men who had been sentenced by the
military commission. One man was given a sentence of seven
and a half years; several others were given three, four and five
year terms.

“Was there any indictment against these men?” asked

Senator Borah.

“No,” answered Major Pratt; “they were arraigned on charges

prepared by the judge advocate general.”

Senator Borah elicited that Captain Morgan, as a lawyer,

believed that there was no appeal from the decision of the
commission, if approved by the Governor, except to the
Supreme court of the United States.

“Then a man did not have to commit a statutory offense to

make himself amenable to the action of your commission?”
asked Attorney Monnet.

“No.”

“You could arraign him for anything that in your estimation

was an offense?”

“Yes, except that the Governor’s proclamation specified

statutory offenses.”

Senator Martine ascertained that after the commission had

heard the testimony in a case it went into secret session,
executed sealed findings after the manner of a verdict, and sent
them to the Governor. It was developed that forty-nine accused
men were tried at one time by the commission.

“There was no opportunity given a man to secure a new trial,

or bail, no possibility of a stay of execution; your decision was
final,” suggested Mr. Monnet.

“Yes.”

“If you had sentenced a man to death, there was no way of

stopping the execution?” asked Senator Borah.

“We did not contemplate imposing death sentences,” replied

the witness.

Adjutant General Charles D. Elliott occupied the morning

session and part of the afternoon session. Tonight Senator
Borah took up witnesses produced by the Mine Workers to
testify as to charges that peonage obtains in the Paint and
Cabin creeks sections. A hundred brawny miners came in from
the hills today, and the attorneys for the Mine Workers weeded
out the witnesses they wanted to call.

Following today’s speedy work, the committee decided to

divide up the inquiry tomorrow, allowing Senator Borah to
proceed alone with the peonage investigation, and probably
requiring Senator Kenyon to begin an individual inquiry into
general conditions in the strike zone, while the remainder of the
committee take up other branches of the inquiry.

TESTIMONY IN INVESTIGATION

Milwaukee Free Press

NEW YORK, Feb. 3.—Mrs. Mary Petrucci, a coal miner’s wife,

today told the federal industrial commission how her three small
children met death at her side in the Ludlow strike massacre of
1914.
 Women wept and tense faced men bent forward eagerly, as
the bareheaded, black clad woman, in low, passive tones,
reflecting the deep melancholy of her face, recited the dramatic
events of the night of April 20, when fire and machine guns
swept the strikers’ camp in the southern Colorado hills,
collecting a toll of twelve children, two women and five men. It
was a remarkable recital and a memorable scene.

Mrs. Petrucci is 24 years old. She was born of Italian parents

in a Colorado mining camp. She was married at the age of 16
and had four children when the strike of the Colorado Fuel &
Iron company employes was declared in 1913. She lost one
child in March of the following year as a result of privations
occasioned by the strike. With the grief of that loss still upon
her she went to live in the tent colony at Ludlow after the
strikers had been driven from the company settlement. There
the final tragedy of her life was enacted.

She took the witness stand today with listless manner and
haunted eyes. Throughout her testimony she alternately bit at
her finger nails and twisted in her frail hands a cotton
handkerchief.

Her sweet voice at no time rose above a conversational tone,

and the matter of fact manner in which she told the story of her
grief served only to bring out with more striking force its tragic
import.

“Yes,” she said in answer to Chairman Walsh’s questions, “we

had good times in the tent colony. I liked it there better than in
the company camp. Over there the militia came up every day
and insulted us. The Sunday before the fire was the Greek
Easter. The men in the camp celebrated it. We had a baseball
game, and that night there was singing, and the boys came
with banjos and we had a good time.”
 Into this background of merriment she fitted the picture of
the woe that followed.

“April 20 I didn’t leave our tent at all,” she said. “Our tent was
No. 1, and right behind it was the maternity tent. A cellar had
been dug in that tent and there several babies were born while
we lived in the colony. We also had a cellar in our tent. It was
about 6 o’clock that night. I was down in the cellar and smelled
a fire. The children were playing around. I went up and
discovered that the tent was all on fire. I seized my children,
and taking one in my arms, I got another by the hand, and the
other one took hold of my skirt and we ran out of the tent.

“When I ran out I saw a lot of the militiamen around. They

hollered to me to look out and were shooting at me as I ran. As
quick as I could I ran into the maternity tent and down the
steps into the cellar.”

“You are sure you saw the militiamen,” asked Mr. Walsh.

“Oh yes, sir,” replied the witness. “They were about twenty-
five yards away.”

“And could they see you?”

“I saw them. And they hollered at me; yes, sir.”

She looked at Walsh with frightened eyes as if recalling in her

mind the scene of the night and continued:

“There was a door down to the cellar inside the tent and
there were earth steps. The door was left open as I went down,
and I don’t know how it came to be closed later. When I got
down in the cellar there were three women and eight children
there. I knew them all. I had my baby in my arms. It was six
months old. The others were close to me and my boy had hold
of my dress.”
 Twirling the handkerchief in her hands, the woman looked
over at Mr. Walsh and in a voice from which all emotion seemed
to have been drained, she said:

“He would have been 5 years old yesterday—my boy.”

“You lost all three of your children there?” said Walsh.

“Yes, sir,” she replied, soft and low. “I lost them that night.”

And again she twisted the handkerchief into a knot. A woman

on the front row of benches sobbed audibly. A shuffling of feet
and the deep breathing of the spectators swept over the room.
Mrs. Petrucci gazed dully at her questioner.

“We were in the cellar about ten minutes,” she said, “when
the tent over our head took fire. I don’t know how it started. It
was not on fire when I went in. Pretty soon after that we all lost
consciousness.”

“But before that,” asked Walsh, “didn’t you try to escape?”

“It was all on fire over our heads,” replied the woman simply.

“Did you do anything to save your children?”

“What could I? Oh, yes. There was a woman there with a

blanket. I asked her to share it with me for my babies; one was
6 months, you know, and the other 2½ years, and my boy 4.
She told me it was only big enough for herself.”

Mrs. Petrucci sighed. It was the only display of emotion she

made during the recital. That blanket—a corner of it might have
saved one of the babies from the suffocation that quickly
overtook all there. She sighed at the recollection.
 “The next I knew,” she continued plaintively, “was when I
woke up at 5 the next morning. I ran out for water for my
babies. They were lying there. I thought water would help
them. I did not know what I was doing. I felt like I was drunk.
Outside I saw guards walking down the railroad tracks. They
were laughing. I kept turning back all the time. I was afraid
they would shoot me.”

Again the frightened look came into her dark ringed, black
eyes. A score of women in the audience were weeping now.
Save for their smothered sighs the room was in absolute silence.
The clanging of a bell on one of the lower floors of the
Metropolitan building rang out like a funeral note.

“I went to the railroad station,” said Mrs. Petrucci. “I didn’t

know what I was doing. I asked Mrs. Horning to go look for my
babies. She said she could not find them. Someone bought me
a ticket for Trinidad. I was in bed there nine days with
pneumonia. I did not see my children again.”

A woman on the front row groaned and Mrs. Petrucci looked

down at her with dazed eyes.

“Don’t you know how the fire started?” asked Commissioner

Weinstock.

“No, sir; the beginning of the fire was in my tent. It was

about 6 o’clock. It was still light. It started outside.”

“But when you went out didn’t you see anyone?”

“No, sir, only the militiamen.”

For a full two minutes the commissioners gazed silently at the

woman. Then finally Weinstock asked:
 “When you went to the railroad station what did you think
had become of your children?”

“I wasn’t thinking of anything,” replied Mrs. Petrucci, clasping

her handkerchief to her breast.

Mother Jones took the woman in her arms as she stepped

from the stand and led her away.

Andrew Carnegie will probably be called on Friday.

HEARING ON CITY ORDINANCE

New York Herald

If there is any general opposition to an ordinance to guard

the public against the nuisance of smoking automobiles, it failed
to develop at a public hearing in the matter held yesterday
afternoon by the Committee on Laws and Legislation of the
Board of Aldermen. One man appeared when opponents of the
bill were asked to express their views, but he admitted that the
ordinance would be a good thing if operative only in Manhattan.

He was Herbert G. Andrews, of the Committee on Laws and

Legislation of the Long Island Automobile Club. He said the club
favored the abatement of the nuisance, but would like to have
the ordinance altered in certain respects.

In the form introduced by Alderman Nicoll the ordinance is

identically the same as one now in force prohibiting smoking
automobiles in the parks. It says that “no person shall run a
motor vehicle in the streets and highways of the city of New
York which emits from the exhaust or muffler thereof offensive
quantities of smoke, gas or disagreeable odors,” and that “any
violation of the provisions of this ordinance shall be deemed a
minor offence and, upon conviction thereof before a city
magistrate, shall be punished by a fine of not more than $10 or
by imprisonment in the City Prison, or by both; but no such
imprisonment, however, shall exceed a term of five days.”

Mr. Andrews suggested that the word “offensive” be changed

to “excessive” and that the fine be graduated—slight for the first
offence and heavier for subsequent offences.

William H. Palmer, of the New York Transportation Company, a

taxicab concern, said that it would be easier to determine the
offence if the ordinance made some reference to the distance at
which smoke extending from an automobile was unlawful.

In support of the bill there appeared many persons, including

two women. Alderman Nicoll said that smoking automobiles
were the cause of a great blue haze often to be found at places
such as Columbus Circle and Forty-second street and Fifth
avenue. The smoke penetrated stores, he said, and made it
necessary for merchants to keep their doors and windows
closed to protect their goods.

The alderman told of riding in a taxicab from Cortlandt street

to Fiftieth street on Thursday afternoon and of passing one
hundred and sixty-four automobiles, of which, he said, thirty
were smoking.

Paris, London and Berlin have laws prohibiting the emission of

smoke from automobiles, he said, and the law in force in Paris is
even more drastic than his ordinance.

Dr. Holbrook Curtis corroborated Mr. Nicoll in his claim that

smoke had a bad effect on the health of the people who inhaled
the fumes. He said it was especially injurious to persons
suffering from gastritis.
 Mrs. John Rogers, as chairman of the Hygiene Committee of
the New York City Federation of Women’s Clubs, pleaded for the
passage of the ordinance for the sake of little children, whose
noses and eyes were affected by the smoke, she said. Mrs.
Katherine S. Day, of the Women’s Municipal League, also urged
the passage of the measure.

Others who spoke in favor of the measure were Charles J.

Campbell, counsel for the Hotel Association of the City of New
York; Frederick G. Cook, president of the Fifth Avenue
Association; John C. Coleman, of the West End Association, and
William Kirkpatrick.

Mr. Coleman said that on the upper west side chauffeurs often
vie with one another to see how much smoke they can emit and
how much noise they can make.

The claim was made that the emission of smoke could be

prevented without difficulty, and nobody contradicted the
statement. Taxicabs were said to be the worst offenders.

HEARING ON PROPOSED ORDINANCE

New York Times

Nearly 500 persons living in New York who raise chickens on

their fire escapes, in their backyards, or on vacant lots, for
eating purposes or for their eggs, went by invitation to the
offices of the Department of Health yesterday afternoon and
made a mighty protest against the proposed ordinance to
prohibit the raising of hens within seventy-five feet of the
nearest residence or public building, and the keeping of roosters
anywhere.
 Their complaints against the hardships of the regulations
under consideration were heard with great patience by Dr.
Haven Emerson, Deputy Commissioner of Health, in charge of
the Sanitary Bureau. Dr. Emerson had difficulty in keeping order
at the meeting, because all the chicken owners were disposed
to talk at once. On this account, too, many of those who
probably had good arguments to use against the tentative
ordinance were unable to get a hearing.

The lecture room on the fifth floor of the Department of

Health Building was packed with chicken owners long before 4
o’clock, when the meeting was called to order by Dr. Emerson.
The gathering was composed of every kind of chicken raiser,
from the head of a family which kept just two pullets for their
eggs, to the fancier who boasted of the finest breed of fowl in
large numbers. Seated on either side of Dr. Emerson were
several members of his staff, including Dr. John Barry, Assistant
Sanitary Superintendent of Queens, and Dr. John Sprague,
Assistant Sanitary Superintendent of Richmond.

The meeting was opened by Dr. Emerson, who explained that

the Sanitary Bureau had received more than 14,000 complaints
on account of chickens since the first of the year. Furthermore,
he asserted that inspectors were occupied one-third of their
time investigating applications for permits to keep chickens, or
complaints about them. He then started to read some of the
hundreds of letters of complaint on the subject of chickens,
when one of the owners interrupted:

“I don’t think it’s fair to take up our time with letters of

complaint, because we already know what’s in them. We want
to find out what’s the best the Department of Health can do for
chicken raisers.”

A member of a delegation from Sheepshead Bay said that the

proposed seventy-five-foot limit would entirely wipe out chicken
raising in his section, and he believed it would have the same
effect in other suburban districts. He said:

“I have a plot 100 by 100 feet, and my house is constructed

so that it would be impossible for me to keep chickens in
accordance with the seventy-five-foot limit. The average
suburbanite lives on a plot 50 by 100 feet.”

The suggestion that the new limit would practically eliminate

the chicken industry from this city, brought forth a chorus of
groans not unlike that of Sing Sing when a convict is led from
the death house to the electric chair.

Dr. Emerson was the target for a score of different questions

from every part of the room, and, as the best way out of the
difficulty, he asked all who had killed chickens on their plots to
raise their hands.

“Don’t you do it; you’ll be fined,” was the warning shouted by

one of the chicken owners, and this was the signal for another
series of groans.

It took the Deputy Health Commissioner some little time to

restore order and to explain to the men and women that no
police officers were present to start proceedings against
offenders of the anti-chicken-slaughtering regulations.

One of the chicken raisers pointed out that the law was
absurd in that it said that a chicken coop could not be kept
within seventy-five feet of a factory.

“Is a chicken going to harm a factory?” he asked.

Dr. Emerson then tried to tell the complaining chicken owners

that milk-bottling works, on the sanitation of which depended
the lives of thousands of babies, were among the “factories”
protected by the regulation. He also said that there was no
intent in the seventy-five-foot limit to discriminate against
chicken owners any more than there was to discriminate against
saloons, which are required to be 200 feet removed from the
nearest church or school. Here he was interrupted:

“You see a lot of drunken men coming out of saloons, but you
never see a drunken chicken coming out of a chicken coop.”

When Dr. Emerson asserted that 150,000 chickens were

slaughtered in New York City every year in violation of the law
regulating slaughter houses, several men and women jumped to
their feet. All at once the men protested:

“But we slaughter them in a more sanitary way than the

licensed slaughter houses.”

When this period of excitement had somewhat subsided, a

little woman arose quietly and, on the ground that she kept two
chickens for their eggs, protested against further reference to
the killing of fowls as “slaughter.”

J. Howland Leavitt, Superintendent of Highways of Queens,

endeavored to calm the chicken owners by assuring them that it
must be the idea of the Department of Health to improve bad
conditions without being too strict with those persons who
complied with the health regulations.

“For instance,” said Supt. Leavitt, “I keep chickens within

sixty-five feet of a school house. They do not disturb any of my
neighbors, and there has never been any complaint about them,
to my knowledge.”

“Have you ever received a permit to keep those chickens?”

asked Dr. Emerson.

“No,” replied Mr. Leavitt, and the chicken owners were forced
to laugh—for the first time.
 On behalf of citizens of Queens and Richmond Boroughs in
their districts, Aldermen Burden of Flushing and O’Rourke of
Richmond made certain objections to the proposed ordinance.
Alderman Burden said his constituents were satisfied with the
present law, and only asked for adequate inspection. Alderman
O’Rourke said it would be more in keeping with the Mayor’s
policy to apply home rule to chickens and leave each Assistant
Sanitary Superintendent with jurisdiction in his borough.

The fears of the chicken raisers were somewhat allayed when

Commissioner Emerson read a letter from one of their number
suggesting a few modifications to the proposed ordinance. He
took a vote on the suggestions and the majority indorsed them.

Before the meeting was closed the chicken owners voted their
thanks to Dr. Emerson for his patience in hearing their
complaints.

HEARING BEFORE COMMITTEE

Chicago Herald

Are women less brave than men in time of danger?

J. C. McDonnell, chief of the fire prevention bureau,

precipitated the second chapter in the controversy yesterday
when he appeared before the judiciary committee of the city
council and reiterated his contention that public safety
demanded the substitution of men for women ushers in Chicago
theaters.

“Women ushers are not as brave as men when danger

comes,” he argued.
 “Experience has proved that statement purely theoretical and
absolutely untrue,” responded the managers of playhouses
which employ girl ushers.

“Women ushers are all right to hand out programs and show
patrons to seats, but that is all,” the fire prevention chief
remarked.

And thereby Armageddon was set down in the midst of the

theatrical world.

The first strategic move of the opposing forces—the girl

ushers of Chicago-consisted in the organization of an effective
fighting machine.

“The Girl Ushers’ Anti-McDonnell League” it is called—and the

name conceals little of the organization’s plans of procedure.

“Our work is to us what other kinds of work are to other girls

—our means of earning a livelihood,” said Miss Marie Donlan of
the Princess Theater, chairman of the league. “To the assistant
fire chief the change from women ushers to men would mean
only the vindication of an idea. To us it would mean the loss of
our positions.”

The campaign contemplated by the league has no place in it

for consideration of the feelings of the fire prevention head.

“We shall ignore him with pleasure,” volunteered Miss Blanche

Lamb, head usher of the Garrick.

Here is the plan worked out by the members of the league’s

impromptu war council: A petition will be prepared and
presented to Mayor Harrison by a committee selected from the
membership of the league. The petition will recite actual
instances in which girls have proved their bravery “under fire.”
 New friends sprang to the defense of the young women at
the council committee meeting. They were Aldermen Coughlin
and Dempsey. The former cited the instance of the Iroquois
Theater fire, when “men ushers failed to prevent terrible loss of
life.” Alderman Dempsey said it would be wrong “to throw so
many girls out of employment.”

Girl ushers active in the new league include the Misses

Eleanor Cline and Gertrude White of the Princess Theater, the
Misses Lucile Perkins and Blanche Lamb of the Garrick, and the
Misses T. Crowley, D. Dennis and G. Kennedy of Powers’.

The council judiciary committee voted to defer action until

after the managers of the theaters had been given an
opportunity to be heard.

Meanwhile—who are braver, girls or boys?

Theatrical managers say girls.

Assistant Chief McDonnell says boys.

And you—?

STATE LEGISLATURE

St. Louis Post-Dispatch

JEFFERSON CITY, Jan. 21—Opposition of Democratic

politicians in St. Louis to a reform of the Justice of the Peace
system in the city developed in the House yesterday over a bill
modeled along the lines of the Municipal Courts bill, which has
three times been killed through the influence of politicians who
sought to perpetuate the present system in the minor courts of
St. Louis.

William R. Handy, Democratic member from the Third District

in St. Louis, yesterday succeeded in keeping the Justice of the
Peace bill in the Committee on Municipal Corporations after the
House had voted to request that committee to return the bill
that it might be referred to the Committee on Justices of the
Peace, to which it properly belongs.

Handy is a member of the Municipal Corporations Committee,

and with the bill in that committee, it is always under his eye,
and he is in a position to have a voice in determining whether it
shall ever be reported. Through many sessions Handy has
fought to kill the municipal courts bill.

The Justices of the Peace bill was introduced by John C.

Harrison of St. Louis. Harrison is a lawyer and a former Justice
of the Peace.

His bill provides that Justices of the Peace shall be elected at

large in St. Louis and that each shall have jurisdiction
throughout the city. It places each Justice on a salary of $3000
a year and provides for a reduction in the number of Justices
from 11 to 7. Each Justice, the bill provides, must be a licensed
attorney.

One clerk is provided for, to be elected by the Justices. There

are to be such deputy clerks as are required. One Constable is
provided for in the bill, his salary to be $2500 a year. Deputy
clerks and Constables shall be paid $1800 a year each. In
addition to his salary, the Constable is allowed 2½ per cent of
all amounts collected by him on execution.

The bill does not require that all the justice courts shall be in
one building, but provides that the Board of Aldermen shall
provide suitable rooms and offices, which shall be centrally
located.

The bill is opposed by ward politicians, as was the Municipal

Courts bill in previous sessions, for the reason that it would
abolish many jobs of Constables and would break up the
political organizations in the Justice of the Peace districts in St.
Louis.

Democrats are opposing it on the additional ground that

under the present system the Democrats are able to elect some
Justices and Constables, and they fear that, if such officers were
elected at large, the Republicans would win all the jobs.

The controlling motive of the opposition, however, is the

danger of breaking up the organizations through which political
bosses are able to reward faithful henchmen or get jobs for
themselves.

The requirement that a Justice must be a practicing attorney

would end the present system, practiced in many of the districts
in St. Louis, of ward politicians having themselves elected
Justices of the Peace.

Harrison’s bill was introduced a week ago. It was referred by

Speaker Ross to the Municipal Corporations Committee, of
which Handy is a member. Yesterday Harrison requested that it
be taken from that committee and sent to the Committee on
Justices of the Peace, of which he is a member.

Handy objected. He said that he was opposed to having the

bill in Harrison’s committee. Speaker Ross said that it was
customary to refer a bill to any committee the member
introducing it desired, but Representative James J. Blain made
the point that Ross had no power to take the bill out of the
Municipal Corporations Committee.
 Harrison then offered a motion that the committee be
instructed to return the bill to the House. Blain objected to the
form of the motion. He said that the committee should be
requested, not instructed. Harrison changed his motion.

The Municipal Corporations Committee met yesterday

afternoon. Handy was present. The committee voted to refuse
the request of the House and to retain possession of the bill.
The only Democrats on the committee voting to return the bill
were Representatives White of Cole County and O’Brien of
Wayne County.

Harrison said this morning that he would renew his motion

and that he would ask that the House order the Municipal
Corporations Committee to return the bill.

Note—The second of the next two stories follows up the news

of the introduction of an ordinance given in the first story.

CITY COUNCIL MEETING

(1)

Philadelphia Ledger
(Condensed)

Authority for the immediate erection of a two-track elevated

railway from Front and Arch streets to Rhawn street,
Holmesburg, is granted in an ordinance introduced in Common
Council yesterday by Peter E. Costello, of the 45th Ward.

Asserting that he had introduced the bill upon his own

volition, Mr. Costello said that he did not even know whether it
embraced the recommendations made by Director of City Transit
Taylor for such a road. The people in the northeast want it, he
said, and are certain that it will be a paying proposition.
Republican Organization leaders are understood to be behind
the measure. The bill relegates Director Taylor to second place
in approval of the plans for the project. It provides that work
shall be started within six months after the plans have been
approved by the “Departments of Public Works and of City
Transit.”

Attention was called to the fact that the Costello ordinance,

by clearing the way for the Philadelphia Rapid Transit to accept
a Northeast “L” proposition by itself, might seriously hamper the
projects of Director Taylor by eliminating one of the main
features in the Taylor plans, which contemplate the new high-
speed system as a unit. The deep significance of the ordinance,
councilmanic observers said, lay in this fact.

In accordance with the agreement between the city and the

Rapid Transit Company, the latter has first refusal of the
franchise. If within 90 days after passage of the ordinance that
company does not indicate acceptance or rejection, the Mayor
shall, by public advertisement, request tenders for the
construction of the elevated and report the same to Councils,
“to the end that the said new company or the city of
Philadelphia may proceed with the construction of the same.”

The company submitting the successful tender is given six

months within which to present complete plans for approval to
the Departments of Public Works and of City Transit. Within six
months after approval of such plans actual work of construction
must be started.

In consideration of the franchise the company is to pay to the

city 10 per cent. of its net profits in cash before any dividends
are paid. The rate of fare is not to exceed 5 cents for a
continuous ride.
 The road throughout is to have an overhead clearance of 14
feet above street grades. From Front and Arch streets to
Frankford, the Costello route is declared to be the same as that
laid down by Director Taylor.

As provided in the ordinance, the route of the road is to be

from Front and Arch streets, along Front street to Kensington
avenue, along Kensington avenue to Frankford avenue, along
Frankford avenue to Rhawn street.

Stations are to be established at Front and Arch streets, at

Noble street, Girard avenue and Berks street; along Kensington
avenue between Somerset and Cambria streets, between
Allegheny avenue and Westmoreland street and at or near Tioga
and Adams streets; along Frankford avenue at Unity, Arrott,
Bridge, Comly, Tyson and Rhawn streets.

The road is to be operated by electricity or any power other

than steam. The ordinance was referred to the Committee on
Street Railways, of which Charles Seger is chairman and Mr.
Costello a member.

The announcement that an ordinance had been introduced for

the construction of the Frankford elevated was a complete
surprise to Director of Transit Taylor. He so told the audience he
addressed last night at a mass-meeting in Tioga. He refused to
discuss the matter at any length.

“After I carefully study that ordinance,” he said, “and learn

more about it, I will make a public statement. That will be
tomorrow afternoon.”

A resolution introduced by Select Councilman Harry J. Trainer,

to grant permission for the use of the south side of Pier 16,
South, for loading supplies by the American Commission for
Relief in Belgium, was passed.
 An ordinance for a “curb market” on Marshall street, between
Brown and Parrish streets, also was passed.

A resolution providing for the extension of the Greenmount

Cemetery, which recently passed Common Council, was
objected to by William R. Rieber and, on motion of Louis Hutt,
of the 29th Ward, was laid on the table.

A resolution was passed providing for the extension of

Fairmount Park by the addition of a plot of ground at
Rittenhouse street and Wissahickon avenue.

Resolutions were introduced providing for the appropriation of

$26,000 for a bridge on Sherwood avenue over the east branch
of Indian Run; for the opening of Beulah street from Shunk
street to Oregon avenue, and Charles street from Bridge to
Harrison streets; for an appropriation of $6500 for the
improvement of Connell Park; for the opening of a playground
and recreation centre between Frankford and Erie avenues,
Venango street and the Pennsylvania railroad; and for $12,000
for the purchase of a Delaware wharf property on the south side
of Pine street.

A communication was received from the East Germantown

Improvement Association, calling attention to the dangerous
condition existing along York road by reason of the absence of
properly paved sidewalks, and urging better police protection. A
letter also was received from Judge Barratt, urging that the
Sons of the Revolution be permitted to erect a bronze tablet to
the memory of John Nixon in Independence Square.

A plea also was received from the Mutual Beneficial and

Protective Association of the Bureau of Water, requesting a 15
per cent. increase in salaries for employes now getting $1400 a
year or less.
 Select Councilman George T. Conrade, of the 5th Ward,
introduced a resolution granting the use of Washington Square
for the proposed “mongrel” or “yellow dog” show, to be held on
December 19.

(2)

Philadelphia Ledger
(Abridged)

Opposition to Councilman Peter E. Costello’s ordinance

proposing the early construction of an elevated railroad to
Frankford, with the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company
receiving first preference as a building and operating company,
was sounded yesterday by prominent councilmanic leaders,
Republican Organization colleagues of Mr. Costello.

In a joint statement setting forth that they had no knowledge

of the Costello ordinance previous to its introduction last
Thursday, Charles Seger, chairman of Councils’ Joint Committee
on Street Railways, and John P. Connelly, chairman of Councils’
Finance Committee, declared themselves opposed to any
ordinance which does not embrace transit facilities “on a broad
basis” for the entire city.

At the same time Director of City Transit A. Merritt Taylor,

after an analysis of the Costello bill, issued a statement
declaring that the passage of such an ordinance would be “an
unthinkable betrayal of a public trust,” in that it would serve to
defeat the plan of the department to connect every important
section of the city with every other important section by high-
speed lines for a single 5-cent fare. To hand over to any
corporation at this juncture the Frankford “L,” said Director
Taylor, would be to “give away the most effective lever which
the people have to secure adequate rapid transit for
Philadelphia.”
 Protest against the Costello plan was forthcoming from many
sections of the city in letters, in telephone messages and in
visits to Director Taylor from delegations of citizens. The
Philadelphia Navy Yard led the way by sending a delegation,
headed by G. H. Williams, chairman of the League Island
Improvement Association, who declared against a “one-legged
proposition of any kind” and in favor of transit development for
all Philadelphia. This delegation pointed out that Costello’s bill
contained no provision for transfers from the Frankford “L” and
Market street “L” to Navy Yard lines, making necessary two 5-
cent fares rather than the single 5-cent fare proposed under the
Taylor plan.

Adherents of the Taylor plan pointed out that the Costello

ordinance provided for extension of the Frankford elevated from
Bridge street, Frankford, the northern terminal of the Taylor
elevated, to Rhawn street, in Holmesburg. This, it was pointed
out, was a projection three miles long through an undeveloped
territory, which, however, contains choice building lots now held
by realty corporations and private owners.

In the face of all the protest, Councilman Costello announced

that Frankford, with one-third of the entire population of the
city, was entitled to first consideration in transit development,
and that it had been trying to get better facilities for 25 years.
He said he was not considering the needs of Darby, Logan or
any other section of the city. He did not care whether the Rapid
Transit Company or an independent concern built and operated
the line. Further, he had consulted no one in drafting his
ordinance.

MEDICAL CONVENTION

New York Times

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