Radical Sulastifution. Reaction. mace 1}. cr Chain in fation ; : ners eae y—cls 5c CL Choenotytic fission.) i step 2.) : _ Chain — Qropagatien; a Cl + HECHS —5 Bera cers 5)-cli cl + CH; tad Ere p 3.) Chain termination; 4) ere CPs Cla CHy scl, —3 CHa cl +ClH s) chs + ch —» cHacl fictsclachs > Cthelatd they Cis 4H 3 a CHisichs flac acl cHds eld cucts4 ch 3 Css Ha ALKENES : Preparyalion; ) Dehydration _9f arcaho's | CH3—CH. -oH Ato" 4 HC CHa + H20 Hesoy | 2) Dehydrohatogenation of alkyl halides | tty Cla -BY + KOK stegest H.C =CHa+ Kar tiko | ac. | Reac troas— | Hy diohalogenali on i= S.C ti, +t Hey ——> CHy-ctt; — BY CHa = cg Sch, tHB1——> CH3 - CH = CHa > \ aN |wn) et ajcoctions omar ki eet aC pH = CH ne Bers Cu, cna N80 Hie =CH, tH20+ B12 —9> ae +HBs oxidation, — : — He = cu. 420s puaceticaed CHO, OZonolysiss HE =cth 203 —_, oh Be er aN oy 8 tn Paty meri are isnWrciyatchaus enation oF CH BY a CH By + KOH —__> CH =cH@r tke tio is — ee A\conat “CK = ae Ho => WOE CH tuo tH20 Dergllagenatian et teitahalide, | CHBI> — CH ex. CHey = 720. ——> CHBr= CHBY 4708 CHBY 42m -—» HcscW +Zner HC=CH + 2AgNo, —NH3_, py c=cag +atna, Me ctl + Cun ch, ng Cy cov t ach Ee Hydio genatan i— + WH CECH 4 > Mletlpd feces cH Ed Peete ig eee eas —3)_tiydtohatogenaLion 5 ctucge cH +e —> CH = cu.6y +Har—> —Hydioli ons on § HCSCH 4120 CHa =n cH. eke “ Mes c—CHs 4 ro. ——> CHE CO > cHysnye wo ch; Bromin ation; HOE CH + Bro She cHey = SBI A By — cugy. cher mene : aaa © nee Pe Clee SC CE vicinal. Dihatide;fl Alkyl HALIDE : Alcahsl 4) Alkane s CH ant + Hci zosie» CHycl + H2ra Benign och CN cl + Na POs CH30H + Sact. —— > CH3cl 4 $02 He! » CHy scl UD, cache Hel R Nucleophiic Substitution; —_——__” Elimination, Pe ce : - a fata oe 3 cH S=Cm f on, , on \i+ pecs ton CH Ba K a) R- Amides, CHa— ta DL, AB] CHs - Co, antspreparation of Amide; (Oh = Ma CH bc) B3vidine @ Payal ON .6 Diazoni te I) peer f 1a Zonium Sails. ith Hcl ; a Bi Sas Petia Bel [R= Nhalel ETHE R > | Peposodinn, 4) Dehydration of _aleshol; Lb) IML ans Syothesiss, CoHsoNa +. ech <—-— 3C2 Heo So igs Wad? dir © Xanium ion err se Ra Oy 3 Oitutic ee iiicc 1 cl 0 Oitution oO ra tency | « $ | a e ; : a a a h Wh dissociate. Alavte tAlicoHol._; 5 Lalo o atkend ; : 4 HCE Ch, Ho Isoy > - Ct ct —oH_@ a love Hoe — Sts — ban char anil +-HNO, +H Belowtoh 2 fen ci aig! CHs ASHP ats Mase > Che ace ti cithe oa = ‘| }! na 2). Hydro lysis— of _alles Conson—tniacl (i eeiecl pasty Reagents + |} 3) Reaction —*f— Ca _ Dulin. formatclehsae’s Pepe ecisesu 2) rr ads CHa Mg BY Fs ha ows a Anith acetal dehydes caty <2 — (Secon We} orig 2 2 cH3smght > Mn ¥ hh : - - . { _ Pylon acelone; : \ i iS 1 oH | ae eters genset = 3 | CH ‘ es aad ee 4 pa) 8, i _aldehyd2 54) eduction of rs) “vifetteg ‘aia 1 \ A « Sse 4H => Beret 2 ni [pafec j Ree 1) 2) keione eI « 5) Reaclion_.9 Grignard with Ester, cH3 Mg Br» CH; af-o-ctls 129 __5 Cl ee es Mg petal _-§) Reduction. et Carboxylic Acid and Esters ). a Cll —£ =o 42Ha Lifts, CH, —cH-oH + 120 j . CH; —¢ oe 242 pee Hoe Ho ott 4 CHS Ol. — Reaslioa, —— C=O —anudeophite 43° 2") 1" k OH 9 Electrophite pees Diy Zz 1D) with Hel _y- iL a Catsott pel. 2 i 2H 0 fel _2ncl. Gtscls tro 2 with. Soela_; Sateen te Ces Bor + HI—Bernsen ld ileal cL ptls Pos — —SAey2ect___Dabtrasian — = pa Hey hc = =cHa + fine 3).0 Ridation Raveena : ————SH3 cron (93 5 cu we —2 = a -ccetaIdah4 de o the wine Worle ee Giga 21041 tay | on 9 Cleavage sf 4,2 Dials; , zen CHAOH — cHiott 4 HT Gy —9 Wee b+ WEE A MIoy -¢ DHFNo| 3 o while Cog eT attiong Souid — eure Preool At» poo “Lempraivre o Red color _—>__imPorities Seay 13 cy Le) ages 0 Sparing Sorunre ae voom Leen prature, bot Conopietety Sotubie ins Ho Above 63S¢:7 othe acidity of pheno! _°5 dur leo the — Nature ae Phenoxide fon - t a 1 3K to L Paco vate tc Car boxyuc acid > Phenol y Alcohe) a iss to Lye ° mes i 3 Pheno) rs more Acedic ‘than ethoxide - _Phenoxide ion TS StOw\e duale resonane: Plo - Eethet ne : Acide = a Cumeng, \ “Hz sen, pos cu! 4CHs. a Be ath phenol | eR >Benrene > Toulwene: =a fecktephilic. “Avomatic Sulos titu tian i 2Sc ney ou I + 42020 eH $ “ < 7 woh toy hoa. Z_niivatien E Ly RICK Acid. 2 No, oH 3) Sos tH20 Lous fi oe Ou Lempy olure * Hr ailos: Temp vatuc,ALDEN DE p= : Ar es j id OZanaty Sis . KETonés ; Ts Alene s; Jr ay: ap cH, % a vt ; eae se _ halos, + anornd is Nc) 1 ee = ree Hy i na Zale, 264, Noreen Pe eMdatian Sanat f Asyng 5 eer ae ig’ 6 $250. Vs, en acm cu lau cu €— rt aie © xdation 24 Alconal er CHa Ory obama) on 1 By Ga ic et ea WON) ee eect 5 # t iw) Friedal —_ctafl Aicsalion, Coens ° \: oO. + We Hk ac AS of aH Base catalyzed Acid cata! Base cata yst—_tosrea ss Ga cine presence 8 | Oe spulie nation oF A dei cl _eortalys > gee ee OO 1} The cartoons! cater 5 Th. qrotoneted 3 : J LVORE ME aoe At [yea se. ete! Cayworyt caverby. ta ducing ove — fli eel ake Annee types fF addition cea cliaa —enucieo phitic cileeby, des Hi 2) poly meratian —of- zi ae oS | chy i { = meta her = Sof u i POG ge cid H2504 St ct. | _pcetatdensde. e. Ae je el tS — Cy i on ee al ( 1 where Gaol a. N-M, 5 NIKCong si : ~ act A Catatyral ee me ne RL 1 Z pet mae 2) Addition _o Ravaaehyde i f-—Aramonia__ derivatives with ale wae { +__9 “ina —— Hh__Plreosigds azine rma HH COHs, ee png ee —_ ae : athe =O 4 AY. —MWE-Gas BH” pone Rw ae —Phenwihy ining “yl a Con a | ay dyaz on eee ‘ 5 2 Pidebhy de Ny drazone ang _reation and Ketone Eire hy dace: te + = sa = Dts Seatac tee There Ae Five lyre of base calalyzed additon feattion ; J) Addition. °F hydtezen _‘Yanides a Wis |treaction jive cynaky din d a on Hon thaw {ney a atl > formaldehyde ch SYeanohy avine - Addition of Grignasd._veagent; — wis _teaclion alcohol > plvencty Aiccr een wecliihal een Con tesf : oo a “ pt of \ i _yonite— — peg stating —— oe i j pee a pisulphale addition |“ —_—_— prods | fr ; 4 Na 1503 wl eee f uci U4 | 4) Ascher F — \- f Tino 2 29- . 5 F " Condenaati ae roa ctio® Which iy ——— : i literal | same gor fFeteat t {nas ere of e— i f Re sonatt Maleate r | __ fem pound by xeenow ie y ee et soled ty a) Ly | ALD Condansalisr; ; tL I then Two motecute | | | fp sf aca ox argfereal caxiboay) Coengauad _ + Combing and form cada at kets 9 {sa | cated aldol condensation: i | \ | 2 = H___o. z i 42. ata k b 4 tt t Tia + . ty i ach ay Hse, CHa =e = Sm oe Z + > " { 1 - Dt oy i SE ais L | « \ Cacetaldel J | 5) _Halo fore teaclion, i as 40 ts hato fern cece Lio? KOs ra er | ccieaeent toding and aqqurous. _- Sockiom —— hydre xid@ form water inJdoluvle_ jodoform — Ca yetlors Solid). Bodo form. desi is eles distinguishing) mathgt tilema Fang orhay alent]CLO. | 2 ne a - - - ax konat, rea yy C polo ~~ Grignard _ reagents, 1 es 7 - M4 -* Cc v rg ae —— et. Hse Fs = : my i ee on y Hyd sols >is of Nites; : |_— 8 = act nt if + \ J _ AEE eee is oF Z 5 heat Te W ) oxidation “\ Prienaas, Al cangl; ~ E on o ef ( n fe — en 60} © Coy e ~ 1 Sema? A. eS FD M try eo ee }- Oxidation of Alkye Renceoe; . cOoW cy oe ay hee haat [od . Fr ev.0, 0% Maa, [arsonf Meat e three dt seiol Of Yeaclion - fa tydven atom of Cor invelve - OH gcour Yeptate oy Ono hey Qvovr- —Caxtosnyl Senie ol Wiha eo yavolve- —_Hly dvoqen. atorn _wolve , (Salt __farmation) - \ Qos Reon x tho ca et Badys : — - - oo. e PO ss saui _b). Recclien Involving the on grove} rin Canbexylic acid, r 4) _preparatar of -acg! chloride, { ~~ ‘a ‘ * | Nine hie peU-on, Sock Paid gi del + Son eniel t 2) Preparation... °f acid: anhydrides , : ep : e & it RW ee ete UE eee } teal i) Preparation of este j- C ee i ent 2D ae eae +Ho0 Zl a Ini reaction __iS_taown cis Beka ‘a_ PX Rava tiag {A mine: —<—$_ — ~ Pee : mm a a. Bc cs =pny = AH, eae 0 =o =n A WO [Reaclion Tavolving Car box sic acid; Reduction gay talnal, u Cis — = SOW puta} Lins CHa CH. OH +Hr0 ) Decavtoasy\ation, — Less of — Cor cated nOKy clistiNation ff Cateium Aoki of Lcarberyice. rer d jive twolones " ooh — ee OLA Tiation c Lug! / coon Ww CH y— cues Fates,kekule styvclure— < i uct¢o phile. anc weak cara attacks: etectyopni\e axe requaived — @] powerfull eerie halide as Addition product Sats titu tion Pxudu.cl Halogenalions. 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