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Vegetative propagation notes

Vegetative propagation is a method of asexual reproduction in plants using structures like roots, stems, and leaves to create new individuals. It includes natural methods such as stolons, rhizomes, corms, tubers, and bulbs, as well as artificial methods like grafting, cutting, and layering. Each method has unique characteristics and examples, such as strawberries for stolons and potatoes for tubers.

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8 views2 pages

Vegetative propagation notes

Vegetative propagation is a method of asexual reproduction in plants using structures like roots, stems, and leaves to create new individuals. It includes natural methods such as stolons, rhizomes, corms, tubers, and bulbs, as well as artificial methods like grafting, cutting, and layering. Each method has unique characteristics and examples, such as strawberries for stolons and potatoes for tubers.

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Vegetative propagation

Vegetative propagation is a method of asexual reproduction in plants where structures with lateral
meristems such as roots, stems, buds, and leaves give rise to new self-supporting individual. The
following are types of vegetative reproduction.

Natural Vegetative propagation

Stolons(runners)

What is a stolon? Runners originate from auxiliary bud in a lower portion of plant and grow along
the surface of the soil. In the cultivated strawberry, for example, leaves, flowers, and roots are
produced at every other node on the runner. Just beyond each second node, the tip of the runner
turns up and becomes thickened. This thickened portion produces first adventitious roots and then a
new shoot that continues the runner. Thus a complete plant may develop and take root at the node,
nourished for a time by food sent from the parent plant through the stolon. Eventually, the stolon
dries up and withers, leaving an independent daughter plant growing a short distance away from the
parent.

Rhizome

What is a rhizome? In many plants, horizontal shoots arise from lateral buds near the stem base and
grow under the ground. Such underground horizontal stems are called rhizomes. At the nodes of the
rhizome are buds, which may develop to produce shoots above the ground. The shoots become
independent plants when the connecting rhizome dies. Many grasses propagate by rhizomes; the
couch grass (Fig. 4.6) is a good example

Corms

What is a corm? Corms are similar to rhizomes, except they are more rounded and fleshy (such as in
gladiolus). Corms contain stored food that enables some plants to survive the winter.

Tubers

What is a tuber? Tubers are modified stems that may store starch, as seen in the potato (Solanum
sp.). Tubers arise as swollen ends of stolons, and contain many adventitious or unusual buds. If the
tubers are left in the ground or transplanted, the buds will produce shoots, using food stored in the
tuber (Fig. 4.7.).

Bulb

What is a bulb? A bulb, which functions as an underground storage unit, is a modification of a stem
that has the appearance of enlarged fleshy leaves emerging from the stem or surrounding the base
of the stem.

Artificial Vegetative propagation

Artificial methods of asexual reproduction are frequently used to give rise to new and sometimes
novel, plants. They include grafting, cutting, layering, marcotting and micro propagation.

Grafting

Grafting is an artificial method of asexual reproduction used to produce plants combining favourable
stem and root characteristics. The stem of the plant to be grafted is known as the scion. The root is
called the stock.
Cutting

Plants such as hibiscus and Aibika are propagated through stem cuttings where a portion of the stem
containing nodes and internodes is placed in moist soil and allowed to root. In some species, stems
can start producing a root even when placed only in water. For example, leaves of crotons or tanget
will root if kept undisturbed in water for several weeks.

Layering or runner

A method in which a stem attached to the plant is bent and covered with soil. Young stems that can
be bent easily without any injury are the preferred plant for this method.

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