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Shorts for Cc14

The document provides a comprehensive overview of soil science, including definitions and properties of soil, nutrient dynamics, and the importance of organic farming and biofertilizers. It covers essential topics such as soil formation factors, nutrient cycles, and methods for soil conservation. Additionally, it lists important 1-mark questions and answers relevant to soil and integrated nutrient management for academic purposes.

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2 views5 pages

Shorts for Cc14

The document provides a comprehensive overview of soil science, including definitions and properties of soil, nutrient dynamics, and the importance of organic farming and biofertilizers. It covers essential topics such as soil formation factors, nutrient cycles, and methods for soil conservation. Additionally, it lists important 1-mark questions and answers relevant to soil and integrated nutrient management for academic purposes.

Uploaded by

t484pjn4qx
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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### **Section 1: Soil Basics**

1. **Q:** What is pedology?


**A:** The study of soils in their natural environment.

2. **Q:** Name one physical property of soil.


**A:** Texture.

3. **Q:** What is soil structure?


**A:** The arrangement of soil particles into aggregates.

4. **Q:** What are the main soil-forming factors?


**A:** Parent material, climate, organisms, relief, and time.

---

### **Section 2: Soil Nutrition and Dynamics**

5. **Q:** Name one macronutrient essential for plant growth.


**A:** Nitrogen.

6. **Q:** What is nutrient leaching?


**A:** The loss of nutrients through water percolation.

7. **Q:** What does NPK stand for in fertilizers?


**A:** Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium.

8. **Q:** Name a symptom of nitrogen deficiency in plants.


**A:** Yellowing of leaves (chlorosis).

9. **Q:** What is soil air?


**A:** Gaseous phase present in soil pores.

10. **Q:** What is the significance of soil moisture?


**A:** It helps in nutrient uptake by plants.

11. **Q:** What is integrated nutrient management?


**A:** Use of both organic and inorganic sources to maintain soil fertility.

---

### **Section 3: Nutrient Cycles & Fertilizer Use**

12. **Q:** Name a nutrient involved in ATP formation.


**A:** Phosphorus.

13. **Q:** Which nutrient is most mobile in soil?


**A:** Nitrate (NO₃⁻).
14. **Q:** Name one organic fertilizer.
**A:** Compost.

15. **Q:** What is the effect of excessive fertilizer use?


**A:** Soil degradation and pollution.

16. **Q:** Which fertilizer improves tea quality?


**A:** Potash-based fertilizers.

---

### **Section 4: Organic Farming and Biofertilizers**

17. **Q:** What is organic farming?


**A:** Farming without synthetic inputs.

18. **Q:** Name one biofertilizer.


**A:** Rhizobium.

19. **Q:** What is vermicompost?


**A:** Compost made using earthworms.

20. **Q:** What is mulching?


**A:** Covering soil with organic materials to conserve moisture.

21. **Q:** What is vermiwash?


**A:** Liquid fertilizer from vermicompost.

22. **Q:** What is the main function of compost?


**A:** Improves soil organic matter and structure.

---

### **Section 5: Soil Microflora and Conservation**

23. **Q:** Name one soil microorganism important for nitrogen fixation.
**A:** Azotobacter.

24. **Q:** What is the role of mycorrhiza in soil?


**A:** Enhances nutrient and water uptake.

25. **Q:** Define soil erosion.


**A:** Removal of topsoil by wind or water.

26. **Q:** One method to control soil erosion?


**A:** Contour plowing.
27. **Q:** What is soil pollution?
**A:** Contamination of soil by harmful chemicals.

28. **Q:** Name one cause of soil erosion.


**A:** Deforestation.

---

### **Section 6: Additional Knowledge**

29. **Q:** What does the C\:N ratio indicate?


**A:** Balance of carbon and nitrogen in organic matter.

30. **Q:** Which nutrient cycle includes urease activity?


**A:** Nitrogen cycle.

31. **Q:** What is green manure?


**A:** Fresh plant material used as organic fertilizer.

32. **Q:** Name a microbial activity beneficial in organic farming.


**A:** Decomposition of organic matter.

33. **Q:** What is the function of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria?


**A:** Convert insoluble phosphorus into plant-available form.

Here is a curated list of the **most important 1-mark questions with answers** based on:

* Your **syllabus** on *Soil and Integrated Nutrient Management*


* The **last year’s paper pattern**
* Commonly repeated and **high-yield topics** in soil science and agricultural exams

**MOST IMPORTANT 1-MARK QUESTIONS & ANSWERS**

1. **Name one free-living nitrogen fixer.**


**Ans:** Azotobacter

2. **Name one biofertilizer.**


**Ans:** Rhizobium

3. **What is vermicompost?**
**Ans:** Compost made using earthworms.

4. **What is pedology?**
**Ans:** Study of soils in their natural environment.

5. **Define soil porosity.**


**Ans:** The percentage of the total soil volume that is occupied by pores.

6. **Name a soil pollutant.**


**Ans:** Cadmium

7. **What is the full form of DAP?**


**Ans:** Diammonium Phosphate

8. **What is soil bulk density?**


**Ans:** Mass of dry soil per unit volume (g/cm³)

9. **What is integrated nutrient management (INM)?**


**Ans:** Combined use of organic, inorganic, and biological sources for nutrient supply.

10. **Name one organic manure.**


**Ans:** Farmyard manure (FYM)

11. **What is mulching?**


**Ans:** Covering the soil surface with organic or inorganic materials.

12. **What is the function of potassium in plants?**


**Ans:** Helps in water regulation and enzyme activation.

13. **What is soil erosion?**


**Ans:** Removal of topsoil by wind or water.

14. **What is compost?**


**Ans:** Decomposed organic matter used to enrich soil.

15. **Name one phosphorus-solubilizing microorganism.**


**Ans:** Pseudomonas

16. **What is the ideal pH for most crop growth?**


**Ans:** 6.0–7.5

17. **What is leaching?**


**Ans:** Loss of water-soluble nutrients from the soil.

18. **What is soil texture?**


**Ans:** The relative proportion of sand, silt, and clay in soil.

19. **What is green manuring?**


**Ans:** Growing and incorporating green crops into soil to improve fertility.

20. **Name the nutrient associated with chlorosis.**


**Ans:** Nitrogen

21. **Name one method of soil conservation.**


**Ans:** Contour plowing

22. **What is the function of biofertilizers?**


**Ans:** Fix atmospheric nitrogen or solubilize nutrients for plant use.

23. **Name the main component of compost.**


**Ans:** Organic matter

24. **What does C\:N ratio represent?**


**Ans:** Ratio of carbon to nitrogen in organic matter.

25. **What is the main benefit of vermiwash?**


**Ans:** Acts as a liquid fertilizer and growth promoter.

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