EE, gees ees ey ang See oe Bee A) Alkalinity B) Taste and odor problems ©) iron precipitation ) Increase in turbidity ‘Answer: B) Taste and odor problems W Explanation: Too much chlorine imparts a strong taste and unpleasant odor to water, 119. The most suitable disinfectant for emergency treatment in rural areas i 4) UV radiation B) Potassivim permanganate ©) Bleaching powder (Calcium hypochlorite) D) Chioramines ‘Answer: C) Bleaching powder (Calcium hypochlorite) Explanation: It is cheap, easy to handle, and widely used in rural or emergency ‘Tech Pathshala Contact - 6398951930, 7983198422 120. Which of the following does NOT affect filtration efficiency? A Filter media size B) Flow rate ©) Water temperature D) Atmospheric pressure Answer: D) Atmospheric pressure Explanation: Filtration efficiency depends on media, flow, and temperature atmospheric pressure has negligible effect RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS, COMPONENTS & FOUNDATIONS - MCQs 1. As per National Building Code (NBC), residential buildings fall under which Group? A) Group A. B) Group B C) Group C: D) Group D Answer: A) Group A & Explanation: The NBC of India classifies buildings into groups} Grotip A includes residential buildings such as houses, apartments, dormitories, etc. 2. Which of the following is NOT a basic component of a building? A) Roof B) Foundation C) Traffic signals D) Walls Answer: C) Traffic signal © Explanation: Traific signals are not part of building structure. Roofs, foundations, ‘and walls are basic components, 3. The lowest part of a building that transfers load to the soil is called: A) Plinth B) Roof C) Foundation D) Superstructure ‘Answer: C) Foundation Explanation: The foundation is the substructure that distributes the load of the building sately to the ground 4. Which of the following is a shallow foundation? A) Pile foundation B) Well foundation C) Raft foundation D) Pier foundation Answer: C) Raft foundation © Explanation: Raft foundations are spread over a large area and rest close to the ground surface, hence classified as shallow. 5. The bearing capacity of soil is defined as: A) Load per unit volume B) Load per unit depth Tech Pathshala Contact - 6398951930, 7983198422©) Load per unit length D) Load per unit area ‘Answer: D) Load per unit area Explanation: Bearing capacity refers to the maximum load the soil can support per unit area without failure. 6. The ‘Safe Bearing Capacity’ of soil refers t A) Maximum capacity with no factor of safety B) Capacity considering factor of safety C) Capacity under dynamic loading D) Minimum allowable capacity Answer: B) Capacity considering factor of safety © Explanation: Safe bearing capacity is the ultimate capacity divided by a suitable factor of safety to ensure reliability. 7. Which of the following factors affects bearing capacity of soil the MOST? A) Shape of door B) Color of wall ©) Type of soil D) Roof slope Answer: C} Type of soil & Explanation: Soil type ( load-carrying capacity sand, rock, et) diréetly influences its strength and 8. Which building component connects the superstructure to the substructure? A) Floor B) Foundation © Plinth D) Staircase ‘Answer: C) Plinth © Explanation: The plinth is located above the foundation and provides a transition to the superstructure 9. The selection of a site for residential construction should NOT be based on: A) Topography B) Availability 6f water and)electricity ©) Proximity to landfill sites D) Soil stability ‘Answer: C) Proximity to landfill sites © explanation: Sites near landfills are generally avoided due to health and environmental concerns 10. What is the main purpose of providing a damp proof course (DPC)? A) Improve aesthetics B) Prevent sound transmission ©) Prevent moisture rise D) Increase wall height Answer: C) Prevent moisture rise @ Explanation: DPC stops capillary action that causes ground moisture to rise into the structure. Tech Pathshala Contact ~ 6398951930, 7983198422 11. Allowable bearing pressure is defined as: A) Always greater than ultimate bearing capacity B) Always equal to safe bearing capacity C) Pressure including settlement criteria D) Ultimate load divided by settlement Answer: C) Pressure including settlement criteria @ Explanation: Allowable bearing pressure is limited by both strength (safe bearing) and permissible settlement. 12, Which of the following is a fundamental requirement of a good building? ‘Maximum cost B) Minimum safety C) Adequate ventilation D) High reflectance Answer: C) Adequate ventilation © Explanation: Good ventilation ensures comfort, health, and air quality—key building performance criteria 13. The function of a lintel is to: ‘A) Support walls13. The function of a lintel is to: A) Support walls B) Carry floor loads ©) Transfer roof load D) Distribute load above openings like doors and windows Answer: D) Distribute load above openings like doors and windo © Explanation: Lintels are horizontal structural elements above openings to support the wall above. 14. The minimum number of risers in a flight of stairs should be: ay B)2 os D)s Answer: C) 3 © Explanation: As per general building standards, at least 3 risers are needed in a flight for practical use and safety 15. What is the most suitable type of foundation for black cotton soil? A) Spread footing B) Strip footing. ) Pile foundation D) Combined footing Answer: C) Pile foundation © Explanation: Black cotton soil undergoes significant volume change with moisture; pile foundations bypass weak surface layers. 16. The main function of a wall in a building is to: A) Carry electrical load B) Support the floor above ) Provide aesthetics only D) Prevent water seepage Tech Pathshala Contact ~ 6398951930, 7983198422 Answer: B) Support the floor above Explanation: In load-bearing structures, walls transfer loads from roofs or upper floors to the foundation, while also enclosing space. 17. A column is mainly subjected to: A) Bending B) Torsion C) Axial compression D) Shear Answer: C) Axial compression i Explanation: Columns transfer vertical loads downward and are primarily designed for axial compression 18. A good site for residential building construction should have: A) Low ground water table 1B) Highly plastic clay ©) Steep slope D) Loose backfill ‘Answer: A) Low ground water table © Explanation: A low water table reduces risks of seepage and ensures better foundation performance. 19. The stair should be located in a building such that: A) Itis hidden in a corner B) It receives no ventilation ) Itis accessible and visible from the entrance D) Itis directly above the septic tank Answer: C) It is accessible and visible from the entrance @ Explanation: Good stair location improves circulation and safety dus \g emergencies. 20. The superstructure of a building refers to: A) Portion below the ground level B) Foundation and basement ) Portion above the plinth level D) Only the roof Answer: C) Portion above the plinth level © Explanation: The superstructure includes all components above the plinth, such as walls, loors, and roofs,21. The ultimate bearing capacity is defined as: {A) Load per unit area causing failure of soi B) Load under safe design conditions ) Load causing allowable settlement D) Load with a factor of safety Answer: A) Load per unit area causing failure of soil @ Explanation: It is the maximum pressure the soil can withstand before shear failure 22. The presence of water table close to the footing level: A) Increases bearing capacity B) Has no effect Tech Pathshala Contact - 6398951930, 7983198422 (C) Reduces bearing capacity 1D) Increases soil shear strength Answer: C) Reduces bearing capacity @ Explanation: Saturation reduces soil strength, hence decreasing the soil’s load- bearing capacity. 23. For a single-storey residential building, the most economical type of foundation is: A) Pile foundation B) Spread footing ©) Caisson foundation D) Floating foundation Answer: B) Spread footing @ Explanation: Spread footings are cost-effective and sufficient for light loads from single-storey buildings. 24. Proper orientation of a residential building ensures: |A) Reduced earpet area B) Maximum tax benefit ) Better light and ventilation D) Less height ‘Answer: C) Better light and ventilation @ Explanation: Orientation aligned with the sun and wind direction improves thermal comfort and natural lighting 25. Foundation failure may occur due to: A) Heavy rains only 'B) Improper design, weak soil, or overloading. ) Use of good materials D) Excess concrete cover Answer: B) Improper design, weak soil, or overloading @ Explanation: These are the major reasons for foundation settlement or shear failure, 26. The height of plinth in residential buildings is usually: A) 10-15 em 1B) 45-60 em 2m Dy1Sm, Answer: B) 45-60 cm @& Explanation: Plinth height protects the building from surface water, and this range is typical for small buildings. 27. A combined footing is used when: ‘A) Columns are placed far apart B) A single column is present ) Two columns are close and near property line D) Load is very light Answer: C) Two columns are close and near property line @ Explanation: A combined footing supports both when individual footings would overlap or be asymmetric. Tech Pathshala Contact - 6398951930, 798319842228. Which one of the following ensures thermal comfort in buildings? A) Roof tiles B) Proper insulation and orientation C) Using more windows only D) Using dark-colored paints Answer: B) Proper insulation and orientation Explanation: Insulation prevents unwanted heat gain loss; orientation takes advantage of sun path and wind direction. 29. The structure provided to span openings A) Beam B) Column ©) Lintel D) Arch Answer: C) Lintel © Explanation: Lintels are horizontal members above openings that carty wall load and transfer it to supports gap and support load in door/window 30. One of the major disadvantages of black cotton soil is: A) tis very porous B) Ie contains organic matter ) It swells and shrinks with moisture D) Ithas high shear strength ‘Answer: C) It swells and shrinks with moisture @ Explanation: This makes it highly unsuitable for shallow foundations without precautions RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS, COMPONENTS & FOUNDATIONS - MCQs des a horizontal surface for living and ©) Floor D) Beam Answer: C) Floor © Explanation: Floors provide usable horizontal surfaces in a building and transfer loads to the structural frame. 92. The roof of a building should be designed to resist: A) Only dead Ioad, B) Only rain load ) Dead load, live load, and wind load D) Only thermal load Answer: C) Dead load, live load, and wind load © Explanation: Roofs must be designed to withstand dead load, imposed loads like people or snow, and wind uplift forces. 33. Which of the following is considered a deep foundation? A) Raft foundation By Strip footing Tech Pathshala Contact ~ 6398951930, 7983198422 ©) Grillage foundation D) Pile foundation Answer: D) Pile foundation © Explanation: Pile foundations are deep foundations used when soil near the surface cannot support the load. 34. The ideal foundation for a building located on soft clayey soil A) Strip footing B) Isolated footing ©) Pile foundation D) Slab on grade Answer: C) Pile foundation © Explanation: Pile foundations transfer loads to deeper, stronger strata, bypassing ‘weak surface soils like soft clay. 85. The safe bearing capacity is less than ultimate bearing capacity because: A Itis always based on average load B) It ignores structural weight C) Iteansiders a factor of safety D) It does not consider moisture content Answer: C) It considers a factor of safetybeep \ + aR lies Wiessner A) It is always based on average load B) It ignores structural weight C) It considers a factor of safety 1D} It does not consider moisture content Answer: C) It considers a factor of safety © Explanation: Safe bearing capacity is calculated by dividing the ultimate bearing ‘capacity by a safety factor to avoid failure, 36. Which component of a building is primarily used for vertical circulation? A) Beam B) Window ) Staircase Dj Roof Answer: C) Staircase & Explanation: Staircases connect different floors and allow people to move vertically within a building. 37. Which of the following affects the selection of a site for a residential building ‘the most? A) Distance fromm mall B) Type of vegetation C) Soil bearing capacity D) Color of soil Answer: C) Soil bearing capacity © Explanation; The ability of soil to support building loads is crucial for site selection and foundation design. 38, The width of a foundation is generally based on: 1) Size of door openings B) Thickness of wall C) Safe bearing capacity of soil D) Length of roof truss ‘Answer: C) Safe bearing capacity of soil © Explanation: Foundation width is designed to safely distribute building loads within the soil's safe bearing limit, Tech Pathshala Contact - 6398951930, 7983198422 89. Which of the following is a structural component? A) Paint B) Plaster ©) Beam D) Wallpaper Answer: C) Beam 1 Explanation: A beam is a structural element that carries loads across an opening or space, unlike decorative finishes. 40. The component of a building that protects it from weather and provides shelter is A) Beam B) Roof (©) Window D) Foundation Answer: B) Roof @ Explanation: The roofs the top covering that protects the interior from sun, rain, and wind, 41. A two-way reinforced slab is typically used when: A) One span is much longer B) Spans are nearly equal in both directions ) Only one edge is supported D) For triangular slab geometry ‘Answer: B) Spans are nearly equal in both directions © Explanation: When lengthicto-breadth ratio is less than 2, a slab is considered two- way and reinforcement is provided in both directions. 42. The purpose of providing weep holes in retaining walls is to: A) Allow tree growth Bi Improve appearance C} Drain out water pressure ) Reduce load on footing ‘Answer: C) Drain out water pressure © Explanation: Weep holes release hydrostatic pressure behind retaining walls,‘48. The'fire resistance of a building is mainly achieved by using: A) Plastic-based materials B) Timber and straw ) Non-combustible materials like RCC and bricks D) Thermocol sheets Answer: C) Non-combustible materials like RCC and bricks i Explanation: Materials like concrete, steel, and bricks resist fire better than combustible materials like wood or plastic. 44, The live load considered for residential buildings (as per IS code) is approximately: A) 0.5 kN/m? B) 1.5-2.0 kN/m* ‘Tech Pathshala Contact - 6398951930, 7983198422 ©) 5.0 N/m? D) 10.0 kN/m2 Answer: B) 1.5-2.0 N/m? i Explanation: For resiclential occupancy, live load is generally considered in this range for floors and roofs. 45. Which type of foundation is most suitable for water-logged areas? A) Pad footing B) Strip footing C) Raft footing D) Pile foundation ‘Answer: D) Pile foundation Explanation: In water-logged or loose soil, pile foundations bypass unstable surface layers and anchor into firm strata ‘Tech Pathshala Contact - 6398951930, 7983198422EE, gees ees ey ang See oe Bee A) Alkalinity B) Taste and odor problems ©) iron precipitation ) Increase in turbidity ‘Answer: B) Taste and odor problems W Explanation: Too much chlorine imparts a strong taste and unpleasant odor to water, 119. The most suitable disinfectant for emergency treatment in rural areas i 4) UV radiation B) Potassivim permanganate ©) Bleaching powder (Calcium hypochlorite) D) Chioramines ‘Answer: C) Bleaching powder (Calcium hypochlorite) Explanation: It is cheap, easy to handle, and widely used in rural or emergency ‘Tech Pathshala Contact - 6398951930, 7983198422 120. Which of the following does NOT affect filtration efficiency? A Filter media size B) Flow rate ©) Water temperature D) Atmospheric pressure Answer: D) Atmospheric pressure Explanation: Filtration efficiency depends on media, flow, and temperature atmospheric pressure has negligible effect RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS, COMPONENTS & FOUNDATIONS - MCQs 1. As per National Building Code (NBC), residential buildings fall under which Group? A) Group A. B) Group B C) Group C: D) Group D Answer: A) Group A & Explanation: The NBC of India classifies buildings into groups} Grotip A includes residential buildings such as houses, apartments, dormitories, etc. 2. Which of the following is NOT a basic component of a building? A) Roof B) Foundation C) Traffic signals D) Walls Answer: C) Traffic signal © Explanation: Traific signals are not part of building structure. Roofs, foundations, ‘and walls are basic components, 3. The lowest part of a building that transfers load to the soil is called: A) Plinth B) Roof C) Foundation D) Superstructure ‘Answer: C) Foundation Explanation: The foundation is the substructure that distributes the load of the building sately to the ground 4. Which of the following is a shallow foundation? A) Pile foundation B) Well foundation C) Raft foundation D) Pier foundation Answer: C) Raft foundation © Explanation: Raft foundations are spread over a large area and rest close to the ground surface, hence classified as shallow. 5. The bearing capacity of soil is defined as: A) Load per unit volume B) Load per unit depth Tech Pathshala Contact - 6398951930, 7983198422EE, gees ees ey ang See oe Bee A) Alkalinity B) Taste and odor problems ©) iron precipitation ) Increase in turbidity ‘Answer: B) Taste and odor problems W Explanation: Too much chlorine imparts a strong taste and unpleasant odor to water, 119. The most suitable disinfectant for emergency treatment in rural areas i 4) UV radiation B) Potassivim permanganate ©) Bleaching powder (Calcium hypochlorite) D) Chioramines ‘Answer: C) Bleaching powder (Calcium hypochlorite) Explanation: It is cheap, easy to handle, and widely used in rural or emergency ‘Tech Pathshala Contact - 6398951930, 7983198422 120. Which of the following does NOT affect filtration efficiency? A Filter media size B) Flow rate ©) Water temperature D) Atmospheric pressure Answer: D) Atmospheric pressure Explanation: Filtration efficiency depends on media, flow, and temperature atmospheric pressure has negligible effect RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS, COMPONENTS & FOUNDATIONS - MCQs 1. As per National Building Code (NBC), residential buildings fall under which Group? A) Group A. B) Group B C) Group C: D) Group D Answer: A) Group A & Explanation: The NBC of India classifies buildings into groups} Grotip A includes residential buildings such as houses, apartments, dormitories, etc. 2. Which of the following is NOT a basic component of a building? A) Roof B) Foundation C) Traffic signals D) Walls Answer: C) Traffic signal © Explanation: Traific signals are not part of building structure. Roofs, foundations, ‘and walls are basic components, 3. The lowest part of a building that transfers load to the soil is called: A) Plinth B) Roof C) Foundation D) Superstructure ‘Answer: C) Foundation Explanation: The foundation is the substructure that distributes the load of the building sately to the ground 4. Which of the following is a shallow foundation? A) Pile foundation B) Well foundation C) Raft foundation D) Pier foundation Answer: C) Raft foundation © Explanation: Raft foundations are spread over a large area and rest close to the ground surface, hence classified as shallow. 5. The bearing capacity of soil is defined as: A) Load per unit volume B) Load per unit depth Tech Pathshala Contact - 6398951930, 7983198422