N.S.

N Memorial senior secondary SCHOOL

Thirumurugan Salai, Thirumurugan Nagar, Chitlapakkam, Chennai–64.

QUESTION BANK

CHAPTER:THERMODYNAMICS CLASS: XI

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

LEVEL I

Q1. Thermodynamics is not concerned about –

(a) energy changes involved in a chemical reaction. (b) the extent to which a
chemical reaction proceeds. (c) the rate at which a reaction proceeds. (d) the
feasibility of chemical reaction.

Q2. Which of the following statements is correct?

(a) The presence of reacting species in a covered beaker is an example of
open system.
(b) There is an exchange of energy as well as matter between the system and
the surroundings in a closed system.
(c) The presence of reactants in a closed vessel made up of copper is an
example of a closed system.
(d) The presence of reactants in a thermos flask or any other closed
insulated vessel is an example of a closed system.

Q3. The state of gas can be described by quoting the relationship between
(a) pressure, volume, temperature (b) temperature, amount, pressure
(c) amount, volume, temperature (d) pressure, volume, temperature,
amount

Q4. The volume of gas is reduced to half from its original volume. The
specific heat will
(a) reduce to half (b) be doubled (c) remain constant
(d) increase four times

Q5.Third law of thermodynamics provides a method to evaluate which

property?
(a) Absolute Energy (b) Absolute Enthalpy (c) Absolute Entropy
(d) Absolute Free Energy

Q6. The species which by definition has ZERO standard molar enthalpy of
formation at 298 K is
(a) Br2(g) (b) Cl2(g) (c) H2O(g) (d) CH4(g)

Q 7. In which of the following process, a maximum increase in entropy is

observed?
(a) Dissolution of Salt in Water (b) Condensation of Water
(c) Sublimation of Naphthalene (d) Melting of Ice
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Thirumurugan Salai, Thirumurugan Nagar, Chitlapakkam, Chennai–64.

Q 8. The enthalpies of combustion of carbon and carbon monoxide are -

393.5 and -283.0 kJ mol-1 respectively. The enthalpy of formation of carbon
monoxide is: (a) -676 kJ (b) 110.5 kJ (c) -110.5 kJ (d) 676.5 kJ

Q9. Based on the first law of thermodynamics, which one of the following is
correct? (a) For an isothermal process, q = +w (b) For an isochoric process,
ΔU = -q (c) For an adiabatic process, ΔU = -w (d) For a cyclic process, q = -w

Q10. A system absorb 10 kJ of heat at constant volume and its temperature

rises from 270°C to 370°C. The value of Δ U is –
(a) 100 kJ (b) 10 kJ (c) 0 kJ (d) 1 kJ

Q11. The temperature of the system decreases in an ______.

(a) Adiabatic Compression (b) Isothermal Expansion
(c) Isothermal Compression (d) Adiabatic Expansion

Q12. One mole of which of the following has the highest entropy?
(a)Liquid Nitrogen (b) Hydrogen Gas (c) Mercury (d) Diamond

Q13. For the reaction C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g)

(a) △H >△U (b) △H < △U
(c) △H = △U (d) None of these

Q14. For an ideal gas, CV and CP are related as :

(a) CV – CP = R (b) CV + CP = R
(c) CP – Cv = RT (d) CP – Cv = R

Q15. Considering entropy(S) thermodynamic parameters the criteria for the

spontaneity of any process is:
(a) △S system + △S surroundings > 0 (b) △S system – △S surroundings < 0
(c) △S system > 0 (d) △S surroundings > 0

LEVEL II
1. A well stoppered thermos flask contains some ice cubes. This is an
example of
(a) Closed system (b) Open system
(c) Isolated system (d) Non thermodynamics system

2. For the reaction C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g)

(a) △H >△U (b) △H < △U
(c) △H = △U (d) None of these

3. For an ideal gas, CV and CP are related as :

(a) CV – CP = R (b) CV + CP = R
(c) CP – Cv = RT (d) CP – Cv = R
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Thirumurugan Salai, Thirumurugan Nagar, Chitlapakkam, Chennai–64.

4. The least random state of the water system is:

(a) ice (b) liquid water (c) steam (d) randomness is same

5. Considering entropy(S) thermodynamic parameters the criteria for the

spontaneity of any process is:
(a) △S system + △S surroundings > 0 (b) △S system – △S surroundings < 0
(c) △S system > 0 (d) △S surroundings > 0
6. The enthalpy change in a reaction does not depend upon
(a) the state of reactions and products
(b) the nature of the reactants and products
(c) different intermediate steps in the reaction
(d) initial and final enthalpy of the reaction

7. The correct relationship between free energy change in a reaction and the
corresponding equilibrium constant KC is
(a) -△G = RT lnKC (b) △G0 = RT lnKC (c) -△G0 = RT lnKC (d) △G = RT lnKC

8. What is the entropy change (in JK-1 mol-1) when 1 mole of ice is
converted into water at 0°C?
(The enthalpy change for the conversion of ice to liquid water is 6.0 kJ mol-1
at 0°C)
(a) 20.13 (b) 2.013 (c) 2.198 (d) 21.98

9. If liquids A and B form an ideal solution

(a) the entropy of mixing is zero
(b) the free energy of mixing is zero
(c) the free energy as well as the entropy of mixing are zero
(d) the enthalpy of mixing is zero

10. When water is added to quick lime the reaction is

(a) Explosive (b) endothermic (c) exothermic (d) photochemical

LEVEL III
1. A thermodynamic state function is a quantity
(i) used to determine heat changes
(ii) whose value is independent of path
(iii) used to determine pressure volume work
(iv) whose value depends on temperature only

2. For the process to occur under adiabatic conditions, the correct condition
is:
(i) ΔT = 0 (ii) Δp = 0 (iii) q = 0 (iv) w = 0

3.ΔU0 of combustion of methane is – X kJ mol–1. The value of ΔHθ is

(i) = ΔUθ (ii) > ΔUθ (iii) < ΔUθ (iv) = 0
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Thirumurugan Salai, Thirumurugan Nagar, Chitlapakkam, Chennai–64.

4. The enthalpy of combustion of methane, graphite and dihydrogen at 298

K are, –890.3 kJ mol–1 –393.5 kJ mol–1, and –285.8 kJ mol–1 respectively.
Enthalpy of formation of CH4(g) will be
(i) –74.8 kJ mol–1 (ii) –52.27 kJ mol–1 (iii) +74.8 kJ mol–1
(iv) +52.26 kJ mol–1.

5. A reaction, A + B → C + D + q is found to have a positive entropy change.

The reaction
will be
(i) possible at high temperature (ii) possible only at low temperature
(iii) not possible at any temperature (iv) possible at any temperature

6. In a process, 701 J of heat is absorbed by a system and 394 J of work is

done by the system. What is the change in internal energy for the process

REASON ASSERTION TYPE QUESTIONS

These questions consist of two statements, Assertion and Reason. While
answering these questions, choose any one of the following four responses.
(a) Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation
of the Assertion.
(b) Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation
of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is Incorrect but Reason is correct.
Q1. Assertion : Enthalpy of formation of graphite is zero but of diamond it is
not zero.
Reason : Enthalpy of formation of the most stable allotrope is taken as zero.

2. Assertion : Heat of neutralisation for both H2SO4 and HCl with NaOH is
53.7 kJ mol–1.
Reason : Both HCl and H2SO4 are strong acids.

3. Assertion : Some salts are sparingly soluble in water at room

temperature.
Reason : The entropy increases on dissolving the salts.

4. Assertion : Spontaneous process is an irreversible process and may be

reversed by some external agency.
Reason : Decrease in enthalpy is a contributory factor for spontaneity.

5. Assertion : Decrease in free energy causes spontaneous reaction.

Reason : Spontaneous reactions are invariable exothermic reactions.

6. Assertion : The heat absorbed during the isothermal expansion of an ideal

gas against vaccum is zero.
Reason : The volume occupied by the molecules of an ideal gas is zero.
 N.S.N Memorial senior secondary SCHOOL
Thirumurugan Salai, Thirumurugan Nagar, Chitlapakkam, Chennai–64.

7. Assertion : U is a state function.

Reason : T is an intensive property.

8. Assertion : Entropy of system increases for a spontaneous reaction.

Reason : Enthalpy of reaction always decreases for spontaneous reaction.

9. Assertion : Sublimation of the solid is nonspontaneous.

Reason : Sublimation is endothermic process.

10. Assertion : The sum of q + w is a state function.

Reason : Work and heat are state functions.

Short questions:
LEVEL I
1) State First Law of thermodynamics.
2) Define a system
3) Name the different types of the system.
4) What is a thermodynamic state function?
5) Define extensive properties.
6) Give relationship between H, U for a reaction in gaseous state.
7. What do you understand by state function? Neither q nor w is a state
function but q + w is a state function? Explain.
8. Give the mathematical expression of enthalpy.
9. In a process, 701J heat is absorbed and 394J work is done by system.
What is change in Internal energy for process?
10. What is bond energy? Why is it called enthalpy of atomization?
11. Define Heat capacity
12. Define specific heat.
13. Give the mathematical expression of heat capacity.
14. Define standard enthalpy.
15. Define spontaneous process.
16. Define non-spontaneous processes.
17. Many thermodynamically feasible reactions do not occur under ordinary
conditions. Why?
18. Why standard entropy of an elementary substance is not zero whereas
standard enthalpy of formation is taken as zero?
19. What are extensive property and intensive properties?
20. With the help of first law of thermodynamics and H = U + pV
H = U + pV prove ΔH=qp
21.What is an extensive and intensive property?
22. Show that for an ideal gas CP−CV=R
23. Give the relationship between ΔH and ΔU for gases.
 N.S.N Memorial senior secondary SCHOOL
Thirumurugan Salai, Thirumurugan Nagar, Chitlapakkam, Chennai–64.

LEVEL II
24. The equilibrium constant for a reaction is 10. What will be the value of
ΔGo ? R = 8.314J.K-1mol-1 T = 300K.
25. What is entropy? Why is the entropy of a substance taken as zero at
0 K?
26.Calculate the ΔrG for the reaction?
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) at 298K
27. Justify the following statements:
(i) An endothermic reaction is always thermodynamically spontaneous.
(ii) The entropy always increases on going from liquid to vapour state at any
temperature T.
28. Why is the difference between ΔHΔ and ΔU not significant for solids or
liquids?
29 . Will the heat released in the following two reactions be equal? Give
reasons in support of your answer
I H2(g)+1/2 O2(g)→H2O(g)
II H2(g)+1/2 O2(g)→H2O(l)
30. The reaction C(graphite)+O2(g)→CO2(g)+393.5kJmol – 1 represents the
formation of CO2 and also combustion of carbon. Write the ΔHo values of the
two processes.

LEVEL III
31. Explain how is enthalpy related to spontaneity of a reaction?
32. The molar enthalpy of vaporization of acetone is less than that of water.
Why?
33. Heat capacity (Cp) is an extensive property but specific heat (c) is an
intensive property. What will be the relation between Cp and c for 1 mol of
water?
34. Predict the change in internal energy for an isolated system at constant
volume.
35. How can you determine enthalpy of reaction in terms of bond
enthalpies?
36. What is the value of ΔG when ice and water are in equilibrium?
37. If ΔGo for a reversible reaction is found to be zero, what is the value of
its equilibrium constant?
38. Why does entropy increase on mixing of two gases?
Calculate the number of kJ of heat necessary to raise the temperature of
60.0 g of aluminium from 35°C to 55°C. Molar heat capacity of Al is 24 J
mol–1 K–1.
39. 18.0 g of water completely vapourises at 100°C and 1 bar pressure and
the enthalpy change in the process is 40.79 kJ mol-1. What will be the
enthalpy change for vapourising two moles of water under the same
conditions? What is the standard enthalpy of vapourisation for water?
40. At 298 K, Kp for the reaction N204(g)⇌ 2N02(g) is 0.98. Predict whether
the reaction is spontaneous or not.
 N.S.N Memorial senior secondary SCHOOL
Thirumurugan Salai, Thirumurugan Nagar, Chitlapakkam, Chennai–64.

41. The molar enthalpy of vaporization of acetone is less than that of water.
Why?
42. Standard molar enthalpy for the formation, ΔfHӨ, is just the special case
of the enthalpy of the reaction, ΔrHӨ. Is the ΔrHӨ for the following reaction
equal to ΔfHΘ? Give proper reasons for your answer.
CaO(s) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s); ΔfHӨ = –178.3 kJ mol-1
43. Differentiate between enthalpy and entropy

Long answers
1.Which quantity out of ΔrG and ΔrG° will be zero at equilibrium?
2. Although heat is a path function but heat absorbed by the system under
certain specific conditions is independent of path. What are those
conditions? Explain.
3. Enthalpy is an extensive property. In general, if enthalpy of an overall
reaction A→B along one route is ΔrH and ΔrH1, ΔrH2, Δr H3 ….. represent
enthalpies of intermediate reactions leading to product B. What will be the
relation between ΔrH for overall reaction and ΔrH1, Δr H2 ….. etc. for
intermediate reactions?
4. Use the following data to calculate Δlattice HӨ for NaBr.
Δsub HӨ for sodium metal = 108.4 kJ mol–1
Ionization enthalpy of sodium = 496 kJ mol–1
Electron gain enthalpy of bromine = – 325 kJ mol–1
Bond dissociation enthalpy of bromine = 192 kJ mol–1
ΔfHӨ for NaBr (s) = – 360.1 kJ mol–1

4. 1.0 mol of a monoatomic ideal gas is expanded from the state (1) to state
(2) as shown Calculate the work done for the expansion of gas from the
state (1) to state (2) at 298 K.

5. Derive the relationship between ΔH and ΔU for an ideal gas. Explain each
term Involved in the equation.
6. Extensive properties depend on the quantity of matter but intensive
properties do not. Explain whether the following properties are extensive or
intensive.
Mass, internal energy, pressure, heat capacity, molar heat capacity, density,
mole fraction, specific heat, temperature and molarity.

6. The lattice enthalpy of an ionic compound is the enthalpy when one mole
of an ionic compound present in its gaseous state, dissociates into its ions.
It is impossible to determine it directly by experiment. Suggest and explain
an indirect method to measure lattice enthalpy of NaCl(s).
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Thirumurugan Salai, Thirumurugan Nagar, Chitlapakkam, Chennai–64.

7. ΔG is net energy available to do useful work and is thus a measure of

“free energy”. Show mathematically that ΔG is a measure of free energy. Find
the unit of ΔG. If a reaction has positive enthalpy change and positive
entropy change, under what condition will the reaction be spontaneous?

8. Graphically show the total work done in an expansion when the state of
an ideal gas is changed reversibly and isothermally from (pi, Vi ) to (pf, Vf ).
With the help of a pV plot compare the work done in the above case with
that carried out against a constant external pressure pf.

9. When NH4NO2(s) decomposes at373K , it forms N2(g) and H2O(g). The ΔH .

For the reaction at one atmospheric pressure and 373 K is -223.6
kJ mol−1of NH4NO2(s) decomposed. What is the value of ΔU for the reaction
under the same conditions ? ( Given R=8.31JK−1mol−1)