INSTALLATION, USE

AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

CENTRIFUGAL FANS
SERIES:

LP../ , MP../ , HP../ ,

CL../ , CMP../ , CHP../

AXIAL FAN
SERIE:

AX../ , AXHP../

LAYOUTS
4 - 5 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 12 - 13 :

Translation of the Original

Italian Instructions
ENGLISH

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 GENERAL INFORMATION AND EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION ................................................. 5
1.0 SOME NOTES ON THE USER’S MANUAL ................................................................................................ 5
1.1 CONVENTIONAL SYMBOLS AND THEIR DEFINITION....................................................................... 6
1.2 RECIPIENTS OF THE MANUAL ................................................................................................................. 7
1.3 SCOPE OF THE MANUAL ............................................................................................................................ 7
1.4 LIMITATIONS ON USE OF THE MANUAL .............................................................................................. 7
1.5 WARRANTY CONDITIONS .......................................................................................................................... 8
1.6 GENERAL PROVISIONS ............................................................................................................................... 8
1.7 REPRODUCTION LIMITATIONS AND COPYRIGHT ............................................................................ 8
1.8 CHARACTERISTICS OF OPERATORS AND LANGUAGE USED ........................................................ 9
1.9 HOW TO STORE THE MANUAL ................................................................................................................. 9
1.10 HOW TO UPDATE THE MANUAL .............................................................................................................. 9
1.11 PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS THAT MUST BE PROVIDED BY THE CLIENT (AS
STIPULATED IN THE CONTRACT) ..................................................................................................................... 10
1.12 GENERAL DELIVERY NOTES .................................................................................................................. 10
1.13 RESPONSIBILITY OF HDF......................................................................................................................... 10
2 SAFETY PROVISIONS ........................................................................................................................ 13
2.1 PERSONAL PROTECTION (PPE) .............................................................................................................. 13
2.2 SAFETY LABELS, PROHIBITIONS AND OBLIGATIONS.................................................................... 14
2.3 RESIDUAL RISKS ......................................................................................................................................... 15
2.3.1 LIST OF RESIDUAL RISKS ..................................................................................................................... 15
2.3.2 LABELS SHOWING RESIDUAL RISKS, RESTRICTIONS AND OBLIGATIONS ................................... 16
2.4 GENERAL SAFETY PROVISIONS ............................................................................................................ 17
2.5 SPARE PARTS ............................................................................................................................................... 22
2.6 SAFETY DEVICES INSTALLED ON THE FAN ...................................................................................... 22
2.7 NOISE LEVEL ............................................................................................................................................... 23
2.8 INTENDED USE............................................................................................................................................. 23
2.9 UNINTENDED USE ....................................................................................................................................... 23
2.10 WHAT YOU SHOULD ALWAYS DO! ....................................................................................................... 23
2.11 WHAT YOU SHOULD NEVER DO! ........................................................................................................... 24
2.12 FINAL PART .................................................................................................................................................. 25
3 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................ 26
3.1 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION...................................................................................................................... 26
3.2 TECHNICAL DATA NOMENCLATURE .................................................................................................. 26
3.3.A. TYPE OF IMPELLERS FOR CENTRIFUGAL FAN ............................................................................ 27
3.3.B TYPE OF IMPELLER FOR AXIAL FAN ............................................................................................... 27
3.4 ARRANGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................................ 28
3.5 DISCHARGE POSITION (FAN OUTLET POSITION) ............................................................................ 29
4 LIFTING AND INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS ........................................................................ 31
4.1 FOREWORD .................................................................................................................................................. 31
4.2 HANDLING OF THE PACKED FAN AND ITS PARTS........................................................................... 34
4.2.1 HANDLING OF PACKING CASES AND PALLETS WITH A FORKLIFT TRUCK................................. 35
4.2.2 HANDLING OF PACKING CASES AND PALLETS WITH OVERHEAD CRANE AND CABLES .......... 36
4.2.3 HANDLING FROM A CONTAINER ........................................................................................................ 37
4.3 UNPACKING .................................................................................................................................................. 38
4.4 STORAGE ....................................................................................................................................................... 39
4.5 DISPOSING OF THE PACKAGE ................................................................................................................ 40
4.6 HANDLING OF THE UNPACKED FAN .................................................................................................... 40
4.7 HANDLING OF LOOSE OR LIGHT PARTS ............................................................................................ 42
4.8 FOUNDATIONS ............................................................................................................................................. 42
4.8.1 REINFORCED CONCRETE FOUNDATION .......................................................................................... 42
4.8.2 FOUNDATION WITH STEEL FRAMES .................................................................................................. 43

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 4.8.3 ANTI-VIBRATION MOUNTINGS............................................................................................................. 43
4.9 INLET AND OUTLET DUCTS .................................................................................................................... 44
4.10 POSITIONING AND INSTALLATION OF THE FAN ............................................................................. 45
4.10.1 INSTALLATION METHODS (UNI EN ISO 13349).................................................................................. 45
4.10.2 CHECKS BEFORE THE ASSEMBLY ....................................................................................................... 46
4.10.3 PRELIMINARY OPERATIONS BEFORE FAN FIXING .......................................................................... 46
4.11 INDICATIONS FOR THE CONNECTION TO THE MACHINE............................................................ 47
4.11.1 CONNECTION OF THE PNEUMATIC EQUIPMENT (AIR) .................................................................. 47
4.11.2 CONNECTION OF THE MOTOR AND/OR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT ............................................. 48
4.11.3 CONNECTION TO THE EXTRACTION SYSTEM ................................................................................... 48
5. COMMISSIONING ............................................................................................................................... 49
5.1 FIRST START-UP AND TESTING ............................................................................................................. 49
5.2 PRELIMINARY CHECKS............................................................................................................................ 49
5.3 START-UP PROCEDURES .......................................................................................................................... 50
5.4 CHECKS DURING START-UP ................................................................................................................... 50
6. USE AND OPERATION ....................................................................................................................... 51
6.1 CHECKS BEFORE SWITCH-ON................................................................................................................ 51
6.2 SWITCHING ON THE FAN ......................................................................................................................... 51
6.3 CHECKS AFTER SWITCH-ON .................................................................................................................. 52
6.4 SWITCHING OFF THE FAN ....................................................................................................................... 52
6.5 EMERGENCY STOP..................................................................................................................................... 53
7. MAINTENANCE, CLEANING AND LUBRICATION .................................................................... 54
7.1 FOREWORD .................................................................................................................................................. 54
7.2 SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE .................................................................................................................. 57
7.2.1 FAN CASING CLEANING ........................................................................................................................ 59
7.2.2 IMPELLER CLEANING (FOR CLEAN FLUIDS) .................................................................................... 59
7.2.3 IMPELLER CLEANING (FOR DUSTY FLUIDS) .................................................................................... 60
7.2.4 IMPELLER CONDITION CHECK ........................................................................................................... 60
7.2.5 DAMPERS’ CLEANING ........................................................................................................................... 61
7.2.6 BEARINGS AND HOUSINGS .................................................................................................................. 61
7.2.6.1 ANTIFRICTION BEARING LUBRICATION WITH GREASE (SEPARATED BEARINGS) ..................... 62
7.2.6.2 BEARING HOUSING (MONOBLOCK) LUBRICATION WITH GREASE........................................... 64
7.2.6.3 ANTIFRICTION BEARING LUBRICATION WITH OIL ...................................................................... 65
7.2.6.4 LUBRIFICANT TYPES AND MAINTENANCE NOTES ....................................................................... 66
7.2.7 FASTENING OF ALL FIXED PARTS ...................................................................................................... 69
7.2.8 TOOTHED BELTS .................................................................................................................................... 70
7.2.9 V-BELTS ................................................................................................................................................... 71
7.2.10 FAN VIBRATION CHECK ....................................................................................................................... 73
7.2.11 IMPELLER ASSEMBLY............................................................................................................................ 74
7.2.12 IMPELLER DISASSEMBLY ..................................................................................................................... 74
7.2.13 MOTOR REVISION .................................................................................................................................. 75
7.2.14 COUPLING REPLACEMENT .................................................................................................................. 76
7.2.14.1 LUBRICATION OF STANDARD GEAR COUPLING “MAINA” – GO-A ........................................... 77
7.2.14.2 LUBRICATION OF LAMELLAR COUPLINGS ................................................................................... 78
7.2.15 CHECK OF ALL THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM COMPONENTS ............................................................ 79
7.2.16 CHECK OF THE LEGIBILITY OF THE WARNING LABELS FOR RESIDUAL RISKS, RESTRICTIONS
AND OBLIGATIONS ................................................................................................................................................ 79
7.2.17 INSTALLATION OF THE INLET CONTROL DAMPER.......................................................................... 79
7.2.18 SEALS MAINTENANCE AND START UP ................................................................................................ 81
7.2.19 THERMOCOUPLE MAINTENANCE AND REGULATION – PT100 ...................................................... 84
8. TECHNICAL SUPPORT INFORMATION ....................................................................................... 86
9. DISMANTLING AND DISPOSAL...................................................................................................... 87
10. SPARE PARTS ...................................................................................................................................... 88

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11. TROUBLESHOOTING ........................................................................................................................ 89
12. ATEX ...................................................................................................................................................... 92
12.1 WARNINGS .................................................................................................................................................... 92
12.2 CONSTRUCTION FEATURES .................................................................................................................... 93
12.3 INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ZONES ...................................................................................................... 93
12.3 ATEX MARKING – NAME PLATE ............................................................................................................ 94

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1 GENERAL INFORMATION AND EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

1.0 Some notes on the User’s Manual

The USER’S MANUAL supplied is not an accessory of the Fan, and is an INTEGRAL PART of the Fan
and is a SAFETY PROVISION.

For this reason, you need to keep it in good condition, near the Fan and give it to any operator,
user or subsequent owner, so they can always have all the necessary information available for
which it was manufactured and also because it is a support for system use in maximum SAFETY.

The Manual must be updated as indicated by HDF S.r.l.

The manual must not be damaged, it must remain intact (NO torn pages) and must be kept
protected from humidity and heat.
During consultation, you need to avoid making it greasy or making it illegible.

To make its consultation simpler, the manual was sub-divided into chapters, to facilitate use per
employee type and to ensure each phase is well articulated.
Each topic was further subdivided into numbered points, which are sometimes referenced with
drawings.
The passages requiring greater attention are highlighted with conventional symbols on the left
of the page.

HDF S.r.l. uses this convention to draw the reader’s attention to ATTENTIONS, WARNINGS
AND DANGERS that concern him.

Please note that the illustrations in this Manual, included in order to facilitate the identification
of the described parts, might not be completely similar to the Fan you have purchased for
obvious reasons of generalisation.

In case of loss or damage, replacement documentation must be requested directly to:

HDF S.r.l.
Servizi Generali Qualità
Via Nazionale 5/C
Zona Industriale
23030 Chiuro (SO)

Tel.: +39 0342 48 40 11

Fax.: +39 0342 48 30 59
Email: [email protected]
[email protected]
Web: https://www.hdfans.it/
VAT No. and Tax Code IT 02120370123

specifying the serial number that can be found on the plate affixed to the fan.

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1.1 Conventional symbols and their definition
The Use and Maintenance Manual contains certain symbols: they are listed below together with
their meaning.
GENERAL DANGER
It signals to relevant staff that the operation described, if not carried out in compliance with the
safety standards, can be a source of possible injury or harm to people.
ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARD
It signals to relevant staff that the operation described, if not carried out in compliance with
the safety standards, can be a source of possible injury or harm to people due to electric
shock.

EX HAZARD
It indicates the risk of explosion.

NOTE
It signals to relevant staff information of major importance and, if not complied with, can
cause damage to various parts of the Fan.

WARNING
It signals to relevant staff information that, if not complied with, can cause serious injury to
people

ADVICE
It refers to a working method tested in the factory, knowing well that each Operator will further
develop his/her own way of working.
OPERATOR OR DRIVER OF THE MACHINE
It identifies qualified, professionally trained staff authorised in compliance with the
regulations in force in the country of use to start, use, fine tune (with the guards enabled
and the machine off) and shut-down the machine following the instructions in this manual
and using the required personal protective equipment (PPE)
It is therefore prohibited for the operator to perform operations that are the
responsibility of the Maintenance Technician.
OPERATOR RESPONSIBLE FOR MOVEMENT
Qualified, professionally trained operator authorised in compliance with the regulations in force
in the country of use to operate forklifts, overhead cranes or cranes to safely transport, handle
and unpack the Fan and/or parts of it using the required personal protective equipment (PPE).

MECHANICAL/PNEUMATIC MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN

Qualified technician, authorised to perform adjustments and maintenance and/or repair
works on mechanical/pneumatic parts, even with the guards disabled (with the consent of
the Department Manager) following the instructions in this manual and using the required
personal protective equipment (PPE).
ELECTRICAL MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN OR QUALIFIED PERSON
(See EN 60204-1:2006)
Qualified Technician (electrician who meets the professional technical requirements set out by the
regulations in force), authorised to perform adjustments and maintenance and/or repair works on
electrical devices even when energised and even with the guards disabled (with the consent of the
Department Manager) following the instructions in this manual and using the required personal
protective equipment (PPE).

MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN OF HDF S.R.L. (Non-routine maintenance)

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 Qualified technician of HDF S.r.l. authorised to provide technical assistance and to
carry out routine and non-routine maintenance works and/or operations not described
in this manual and that require specific knowledge of the Fan, using the required
personal protective equipment (PPE)
The changes made will be documented and a copy of the documentation will be issued to the
Client.
DEPARTMENT MANAGER OR SAFETY MANAGER
See Legislative Decree no. 81/2008 dated 9.04.2008.

OBLIGATION TO READ THE MANUAL

Reading of the Safety Specifications and in particular, the entire Instructions Manual is
compulsory.

NON-ROUTINE MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS

Any maintenance intervention highlighted by the symbol to the side should be requested to
HDF S.r.l..

1.2 Recipients of the Manual

By convention, for the purposes of this Manual, the Partly completed machinery will be
referred to as "FAN"
The intended users of the manual and, in general, of all the technical documentation with which
the Fan is equipped, are:
 the drivers (Operator);
 the Technicians in charge with maintenance (Maintenance Technician);
 the staff assigned to manage the system (i.e. organisation of manufacturing, planning
of maintenance, supply of spare parts, etc.);
 the staff involved in initial assembly operations and final disposal of the Fan;
 the owner;
 the Technical Manager;
 the Safety Engineer (Safety Manager).

1.3 Scope of the Manual

The scope of this document is to promote safe, efficient and effective use of the Fan. In
particular, it intends providing intended users with a useful tool to:
 identify the Fan;
 get to know the safety equipment on the Fan, the behaviour to observe to maintain
safe conditions, any Residual Risks, reference standards, etc.;
 learn about the main parts of the Fan, both regarding the reference terminology used
and the different functions they may carry out;
 handle and transport the Fan correctly, whether during the initial installation or upon
final dismantling;
 set up an adequate maintenance program.
The Manual divided into 12 Chapters is in turn sub-divided into Paragraphs, and possibly further
divided into Sub-paragraphs.
Chapters, Paragraphs and Sub-paragraphs are coded with progressive numbers.
1.4 Limitations on use of the Manual
The Manual does not replace the remaining technical documentation; it is supplementary to it,
integrates it and relates it to the context of the Fan.

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 Reading the manual does not relieve the manufacturer from the obligation to carry out general
training and coordinate the staff in a safe manner.
It is assumed that the intended users of this document have suitable ability and professional
preparation for the correct interpretation of the instructions, the indications and illustrations it
contains. Given the characteristics of the Partly Completed Machinery, the training provided by
this Manual cannot disregard adequate professionalism and experience, which is gradually
achieved in the field.
In relation to reading this Use and Maintenance Manual in its entirety, it may not suffice to know,
operate and manage the Fan at its best. It should be considered unless proven to the contrary,
an introduction necessary for all the indicated intended users, so that each can acquire minimum
training necessary to operate the Fan, in relation to personal competence, in an adequate
manner and especially in safe conditions.

1.5 Warranty conditions

To know the detailed information on the warranty conditions, refer to the sales contract.
Unless otherwise specified, the warranty lasts 1 year from the date of delivery.
It does not cover:
 the normal wear parts (e.g. bearings, vanes, rotary seal;
 defects resulting from chemical corrosion or galvanic currents

The warranty becomes null and void in case of:

 modifications made to the Fan without the prior consent of
HDF S.r.l.;
 use of wear parts or spare parts not supplied by HDF S.r.l. (especially during the
warranty period);
 improper storage;
 incorrect installation or failure to comply with the installation requirements reported
herein.
In order to benefit from the warranty provided by HDF S.r.l., the user must observe the
instructions reported in this Manual and in particular:
 always operate within the limitations on use of the Fan;
 always carry out constant and diligent maintenance;
 assign only properly trained operators, with certified capacities and skills to operate
the Fan.
HDF S.r.l. cannot be held in any way liable for any accidents, damage or injuries that could
occur to people and/or property.

1.6 General provisions

The user should inform the staff responsible for Fan operation of the following topics relating
to safety provisions:
 risk of accidents;
 devices available for Operator safety (PPE);
 general safety regulations or provisions in the International Directives and legislation
in force in the destination Country of the Fan.
The Operator, the staff responsible for maintenance and cleaning, etc., must strictly comply
with the Safety standards in the destination Country of the Fan.

1.7 Reproduction limitations and copyright

All rights reserved to HDF S.r.l..

The structure and contents of this manual may not be reproduced in part or whole without the

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 express permission of HDF S.r.l..
It is also forbidden to copy it on any support (magnetic, magnetic-optical, optical, micro-film,
photocopies, etc.) or transfer it to third parties.
The Operator, the staff responsible for maintenance and cleaning, etc., must strictly comply with
the Safety standards in the destination Country of the Fan.

1.8 Characteristics of Operators and language used

To understand the instructions (text and illustrations), operators must have (or acquire
through adequate training and information) at least the following characteristics:
 general and technical culture of sufficient level to read and understand the content of the
Manual in the parts regarding his/her tasks and correctly interpret the drawings and
diagrams;
 ability to understand and interpret the symbols and pictograms;
 know the main hygiene, accident prevention and technological standards;
 overall knowledge of the Fan;
 how to behave in case of an emergency, where to find the personal protective equipment
and how to use it correctly.
The Operator, the staff responsible for maintenance and cleaning, etc., must strictly comply with the
Safety standards in the destination Country of the Fan.
ATTENTION:
Maintenance technicians, other than the previous, must also have good technical preparation and
have specific and specialist technical knowledge (mechanical, electrical) necessary for the tasks
planned in the Manual

1.9 How to Store the Manual

Keep this Manual in an easily accessible location, near the Fan and known to all users
(Operators and staff responsible for maintenance).
The Operators and Maintenance staff must be able to consult the Manual and the attachments
quickly, in any situation.
WARNING
The Manual is an integral part of the Fan. Therefore:
 it must be kept intact (in all its parts) without making any changes to any of the parts
such as corrections, deletions, abrasions or otherwise which could compromise clear
reading of the manual;
 it must follow the Fan up to demolition (also in the case of movements, sale, hire,
rental, etc.);
 it must be kept up to date and all changes must be noted;
 it must be available to anyone working on the Fan;
 it must be kept updated following design modifications made with the consent of HDF S.r.l..

1.10 How to Update the Manual

The Use and Maintenance Manual reflects the technical status at the time of Fan sale.
The Manufacturer reserves the right to make changes to the Fan and, as a result, to the
relevant Manuals, without being obliged to update the previous editions.
The user can, however, request information and updates which, when released, become an
integral part of the Use and Maintenance Manual.
If the Fan is transferred to another owner, it must be accompanied by this Manual and HDF
S.r.l. must be notified of the sale to ensure that the new owner receives any subsequent
additions.

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1.11 Preliminary arrangements that must be provided by the Client (as
stipulated in the contract)
The Client (user) must prepare, under his responsibility, the installation site and the auxiliary system
works necessary for the operation of the Fan as listed below:
 preparation of premises;
 any lifting devices suitable for moving the Fan;
 any safety devices installed upstream/downstream of the power supply lines (required
by the legislation in force;
 preparation of the auxiliary services suitable for Fan operation;
 any tools and consumable materials necessary for assembly and installation.

1.12 General delivery notes

The Fan can be shipped on pallets, packed in a packing case or a crate.
Check that:
 the package is intact;
 the Fan is intact; in particular: the frame, the impeller, the motor;
 the supply corresponds with order specifications (see packing list or bill of materials).

In the event of damage or missing parts, immediately inform and provide details/photos to HDF
S.r.l., the carrier and/or the insurance company.

1.13 Responsibility of HDF

The instructions given in this manual do not replace but integrate the obligations for compliance
with the legislation in force concerning the safety and accident prevention standards.
With reference to the information provided in this manual, HDF disclaims any liability in
case of:
 failure to comply with the national safety and accident prevention regulations;
 failure to respect or incorrect application of the instructions reported in this manual;
 power supply failures;
 unauthorised changes to the machine;
 tampering with or removal of the guards/safety devices;
 use by untrained staff.
The intended use and configurations of the machine are the only ones allowed by
HDF.
Do not attempt to use the Fan in other ways than those indicated herein.

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1.14 Identification of the Fan and Manual number

 The job number and abbreviation of the Fan model were outlined on the identification
plate.
 The number of this Manual is found on the cover and on the title page of the Manual.
 Write the serial number, the abbreviation of the fan model and the Manual number in
a safe place, to request a copy if lost.

type: CN - STD
CENTRIFUGAL

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 The documentation was prepared in compliance with harmonised standard
UNI-EN ISO 12100:2010 paragraph 6.4.5.

The Fan was designed and built in compliance with the Machinery Directive 2006/42/CE.
The side guards required by the Directive must be provided by the end user if not included in
the scope of supply.
It is strictly forbidden to start the Fan without installing the guards.

WARNING
It is forbidden to remove the identification plate on the Fan and/or exchange it with other plates
on the machine.

Reference directives
• Machinery Directive 2006/42/CE of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17
May 2006 on machinery and amending Directive 95/16/CE (recast)
• Directive 2014/30/UE of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February
2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic
compatibility (recast)
• Directive 2014/35/EU of the European Parliament and the Council of 26 February 2014
concerning the harmonisation of laws of the Member States relating to the making
available on the market of electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage
limits (recast)
• Directive 2009/125/CE of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October
2009 establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-
related products (recast).
• Directive 2014/34/UE of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February
2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of Member States relating to equipment and
protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres (recast)
Reference standards
• UNI EN ISO 12499: 2009 Industrial fans - Mechanical safety of fans - Guards.
• UNI EN ISO 12100: 2010 Safety of machinery – General principles for design – Risk
assessment and risk reduction.
• UNI EN ISO 14120:2015 Safety of machinery - Guards - General requirements for the
design and construction of fixed and movable guards
• UNI EN 349:2008 Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the
human body.
• UNI EN ISO 13857:2008 Safety of machinery. Safety distances to prevent hazard zones
being reached by upper and lower limbs.
• ISO 1940-1: 2003 Mechanical vibration -- Balance quality requirements for rotors in a
constant (rigid) state -- Part 1: Specification and verification of balance tolerances
• ISO 14694:2003 Industrial fans -Specifications for balance quality and vibration levels
• CEI EN 60204-1: 2006 Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1:
General requirements.
• UNI10893: 2000 Technical documentation of product Instructions for use Structure and
order of content.
• UNI ISO 10015 Guidelines for training.
• UNI EN ISO 7010:2012 Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs. Registered
safety signs
• UNI11394: 2011 Technical information - Evaluation system for instructions for use of
technical goods”

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2 SAFETY PROVISIONS
2.1 Personal protection (PPE)
The presence of a symbol from those indicated below on the Fan or on the Manual requires
compulsory use of the protection devices by the operator, due to an implicit risk of an accident.

MANDATORY USE OF  HANDLING

SUITABLE WORK GLOVES FOR  FINE TUNING
THE ACTIVITY TO CARRY OUT  CLEANING
 LUBRICATION
 MAINTENANCE
THE USE OF WORK SHOES IS  OPERATORS
COMPULSORY
 MAINTENANCE TECHNICIANS

WEARING OVERALLS CLOSED  OPERATORS

AT THE WRIST AND/OR
 MAINTENANCE TECHNICIANS
WITHOUT LOOSE PARTS IS
COMPULSORY

WEARING A PROTECTIVE  OPERATORS

HELMET IS COMPULSORY
 MAINTENANCE TECHNICIANS

WEARING NOISE PREVENTION  OPERATORS

EARMUFFS IS COMPULSORY
 MAINTENANCE TECHNICIANS

WEARING A PROTECTIVE  OPERATORS

MASK IS COMPULSORY
 MAINTENANCE TECHNICIANS

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2.2 Safety labels, prohibitions and obligations

SIGN MEANING SIGN MEANING

Danger automatic start-up Do not step on the fan
Depending on the type of It is strictly forbidden to step on
electrical connection and the fan or on parts of it.
control logic, the fan may start
automatically and
unexpectedly.
Danger hot surface Do not reach in
Risk of scalding and/or burning It is strictly forbidden to reach
in case of accidental contact inside the fan.
with the casing and bearing
during fan operation or just
after shut-down.
Finger cutting and/or Do not remove the guards
crushing hazard when the fan is working
Risk of finger cutting and/or It is strictly forbidden to carry
crushing in case of accidental out maintenance operations
contact with the impeller or the with the machine in motion.
transmission during routine
maintenance.
Danger impeller in motion Crane lifting point
even if disconnected from The fan must be lifted using the
power supply points marked with this sign.
Even if the fan is off, the
impeller might still move due to
the air coming in through the
openings and passing through
the fan.
High noise level Disconnect mains plug from
Danger of exposure to noise for electrical outlet
the operators: fans represent a before carrying out any
source of noise. work
Connect an earth terminal Disconnect the power supply
to the ground and ensure that the fan is in a
It is mandatory to connect the “zero energy state" before
earth terminal to the grounding carrying out any work on the
system. fan.
Earmuffs must be worn Compulsory restoration of
The noise level exceeds 80 guards
dB(A); earmuffs must be worn. Refit and/or reset the guards
before starting the fan.

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2.3 Residual Risks
2.3.1 List of residual risks
When the Fan is working, it must be completely isolated and safe for the users.
During TUNING, CLEANING, LUBRICATION and MAINTENANCE, dangerous situations may arise
since you are in a danger zone.
Although HDF S.r.l. provided additional safety systems to prevent access to danger zones, some
parts that require fine tuning, cleaning, lubrication and maintenance operations still present
residual risks.

Danger of burns
The fan poses a risk of scalding by accidental contact with the electric motor or with the fixed
guard of the bearing (due to prolonged use of the fan): they can reach high temperatures
>65°C.

Danger of crushing
If the operators fail to observe the instructions reported in this manual, especially during
maintenance operations, there is a danger of injury by contact with moving parts even if the fan
is in a zero energy state.

Danger of crushing
If the operator fails to observe the instructions reported in this manual, he might get dragged
against the inlet protection grid by the air taken in.
Observe the procedures reported herein and avoid going near the fan inlet while in motion.

High vibration risk

If the operator fails to respect the instructions reported herein, there is a risk of strong vibrations
during fan operation.

High noise level

Danger of exposure to noise for the operators: fans represent a source of noise.
In compliance with the regulations in force, the employer must assess the operators’ exposure
to the sources of noise present at the fan installation site.
If the noise level exceeds 80 dB(A), the operators must wear adequate earmuffs; if the noise
level exceeds ≥ 100 dB(A), the operators are allowed to approach the fan only when stopped
or in a zero energy state even when wearing earmuffs.

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2.3.2 Labels showing residual risks, restrictions and obligations
HDF has placed danger, restriction and specification signs near the relevant zones, repeated
throughout the Manual.
These signs or instructions must be complied with, followed and, in the event of wear or if in any
way illegible, must be immediately replaced.
Only technicians and qualified staff can carry out these operations.
The table below indicates the type of sign, in addition to the generic and electric shock hazards,
its meaning and where it is placed.

PICTOGRAM MEANING LOCATION

BURN HAZARD FIXED GUARDS

PROTECTIVE GLOVES MUST BE

WORN

DANGER OF CRUSHING NEAR THE IMPELLER

PROTECTIVE GLOVES MUST BE

WORN

HIGH VIBRATION RISK AT THE FAN

DANGER OF CRUSHING

PROTECTIVE GLOVES MUST BE

WORN FIXED SIDE GUARD

COMPULSORY RESTORATION OF
GUARDS
IT IS FORBIDDEN TO CARRY OUT
MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS ON
MOVING PARTS

HIGH NOISE LEVEL AT THE FAN

EARMUFFS MUST BE WORN

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 DANGER OF ELECTRIC SHOCK AT THE MOTOR/
ELECTRICAL PARTS

CRANE LIFTING POINT AT THE CONNECTION

POINTS USED TO
INTERFACE WITH
LIFTING EQUIPMENT

2.4 General Safety Provisions

For cleaning, lubrication and maintenance operations in dark places, you should use portable lamps.

DEFINITION OF DANGER ZONE:

Zone inside and/or near the Partly Completed Machinery where the presence of an exposed person
poses a risk or danger to the health and safety of that person (as described in Directive 2006/42/EC
Ann. I par. 1.1.1).

DEFINITION OF DANGEROUS SITUATION:

Any situation in which a person is exposed to at least one danger (as described in Standard UNI
EN ISO 12100:2010).

The Fan can be installed in closed or open environments

equipped with all the facilities provided for by the applicable
legislation in the Country of installation.
Before installing the Fan and all its parts, the installer must
ensure that the floor on which it is to be installed is able to
withstand its weight and it meets all the necessary
technological requirements (see Chapter 3 “Technical
Specifications”).

Carefully read the Chapter Safety Provisions in this Instructions

Manual and in particular the instructions relating to:
 warning, restriction and obligation labels;
 Operator or driver of the Machine;
 Mechanical maintenance technician;
 Electrical maintenance technician or qualified person;
 power switch function;
 Emergency-Stop pushbutton functions;
 sensor function;
 fine tuning;
 maintenance.

The installer must check that the electrical system where the
Fan will be installed is provided with good earthing, sufficient
for the rated power consumption and, otherwise, adjust said
system. The system which will connect the fan to the mains
must be CE marked.

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 For handling of parts of the unpacked Fan, please refer to
Chapter 4 “Lifting and installation instructions” of this
Manual.
Never lift the components using their casings or protruding
parts as connection points.
Only use the lifting devices listed in Chapter 4 of this Manual.

Remember that during movement the coated and processed

parts should be protected with cardboard, wood or rags

For maintenance, cleaning, lubrication, put the machine in

ZERO ENERGY STATE (unless otherwise stated), isolate the
area and affix signs stating work in progress to the main
switch and the Fan. Also, disconnect the transmission
coupling and/or remove the drive belts.

The installation, assembly, fine tuning and non-routine

maintenance of the Fan must be carried out only by HDF
Technical staff or by Trained technical staff, fully aware of
the procedures and means to be adopted

The staff in charge with transport, positioning, fine tuning for

production, maintenance and cleaning must always wear work
gloves, safety shoes and helmet

During:
 Transport
 Positioning
 Installation
 Fine tuning for production
 Maintenance, lubrication and cleaning
 pay utmost attention to protruding parts

RISK OF HEAD OR UPPER LIMB

INJURY.

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 For any problems that may arise during fine tuning and during
the manufacturing cycle, press the EMERGENCY-STOP button

Never rest or sit on any part of the Fan, neither when the parts
are moving nor when the same are at a standstill. It is
forbidden to climb on the fan. Use a ladder, an adequate
scaffolding and a man basket to access the top side of the
machine.

Do not place containers with liquids near the electrical parts

(for example the electric control panel, motors, etc.).

For any problems that may arise during fine tuning and
during the manufacturing cycle, press the OFF button.

During the manufacturing cycle, NO OTHER PERSON CAN

STAY NEAR THE FAN.
You can carry out visual inspections and operating checks
during the manufacturing cycle.

Adjustment, maintenance and/or replacement operations or

other interventions on the Fan must be carried out only by
Client's Maintenance Technician, who must always wear
protective gloves, safety footwear, helmet and goggles (if
necessary) and pay utmost attention.

For no reason, tamper or inhibit or disconnect the micro-

switches or any other safety devices, do not create by-passes
and do not use safety devices for purposes other than those
established and for which they were installed.
Periodically check their efficiency

For tuning, cleaning and maintenance operations, always

employ ONE PERSON ONLY,
NEVER MORE THAN ONE PERSON,
(unless otherwise specified).

Where possible, always wear goggles, adequate gloves, safety footwear, and use the same
as needed.

Furthermore, you need to wear overalls closed at the wrist.

If you have long hair, tie it up.

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 In any case, do not wear objects and/or clothing that is loose and/or with ties (collar, watches, rings, bracele
foulard, ties, etc.); it is forbidden to wear objects that may get entangled in the parts of the fans.

Remember that after any cleaning, lubrication, adjustment and

maintenance operation, you must reset all safety devices and
install and/or close all the protective casings (doors).

During maintenance and cleaning, the Machine must be in

zero energy state and it is compulsory to isolate the area and
affix the “work in progress” sign.
Put a sign on the main switch and on the door. Disable the
transmission mechanically (disconnect the coupling and/or the
belts).

The fan is a rotating machine that may become a source of

danger to people and/or property if used improperly.

WARNING
DANGER OF CRUSHING/SHEARING:
If intervention is necessary, always wait for the impeller
to stop. IT TAKES SEVERAL MINUTES. FOR THE
IMPELLER TO STOP DO NOT remove the railing or the
duct.

WARNING
PROJECTION HAZARD
Balance weight detachment or impeller breakage due to foreign
objects sucked into the fan may pose a risk of projection of
material fragments.

Therefore, the pipes must be suitably protected to

prevent the entry of objects into the fan.

As per ISO 5801, in the case of installation type A, B or C, the

inspection doors must be kept closed during fan operation and
the inlet and outlet openings must be equipped with
appropriate guards.
The presence of openings may result in personal injuries and
foreign objects being sucked into the fan.

Do not stand within 5 m of the fan when it is on. Do not stand

in the vicinity of the impeller. If you have to pass by near the
impeller, stay at a distance of at least 5 m from it.

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 WARNING
DANGER OF CRUSHING
Wear protective gloves.
During fan operation, do not:
- remove the guards
- touch the drive belts.

WARNING
DANGER OF BURNS:

Pay utmost attention to the motor: it can reach temperatures of

about 60/70°C.

Pay utmost attention to the bearings/pillow block: they can

reach temperatures of about 80/100°C.

Always wait for the hot parts to reach ambient temperature.

If immediate intervention is necessary:

WEAR BURN-PROOF GLOVES.

The operator must take care of the space and the floor around
the Fan ensuring it is always clean, to avoid slipping and as a
result impacts and/or falls.
The floor, other than being clean, must be dry.

Do not tamper or disable or disconnect, for any reason, the safety micro-switches or any other
safety devices (fixed and movable guards), do not create by-passes and do not use safety
devices for purposes other than those set out and for which they were installed. Periodically
check their efficiency
Never reach into the guards during the manufacturing cycle.

In particular:
a) it is strictly forbidden to remove the side guards;
b) do not remove the guard of the drive belt.

NEVER use high-pressure washers for cleaning.

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2.5 Spare parts
Only use HDF original spare parts if worn and/or broken pieces must be
replaced.
To search and proceed to order, refer to the Spare Parts List or contact
HDF srl – Sales Department. HDF S.r.l. shall not be held liable for any
machine malfunction in case of use of non-original spare parts.
This will also void the warranty and render the EC declaration of
conformity null.

2.6 Safety devices installed on the Fan

The Fan is equipped with the following safety devices:

- fixed guards, designed and manufactured according to

Standards EN ISO 14120, EN ISO 13857, EN 349 and
UNI EN ISO 12100 with captive screws.

- Protection networks where applicable or required (not

necessary if the fan is connected to the supply or
suction line.

- Protective casing for rotating parts

(motor cooling fan, transmission belts, etc).

If not present, do not start the fan and immediately inform HDF srl

The electrical part connection must be present (not charged to HDF):

- emergency stop mushroom-head button on the electric panel.

- main switch, on the electric panel of the Machine

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2.7 Noise level
The Fan does not require the constant presence of an operator during
operation.
The Fan is noisy.

The noise level may exceed 80 dB(A), therefore you are advised to use earmuffs or earplugs for
any exposure to noise, either slight or continuous.

2.8 Intended use

After the technical inspection performed by the technical department of HDF S.r.l the scope of the
Fan is as follows:

Produce a stream of air, gases or vapours by increasing its pressure, with variable flow
rate and head depending on the model.
Vapours or gases shall conform to the characteristics of the model.

Any application other than described above must be assessed by HDF technical department.

2.9 Unintended use

The fan is not suitable for use at speeds and temperatures that exceed those for which it was
designed and under conditions other than those indicated in the technical catalogues.
These fans are intended for use by professional users only.

2.10 What you should always do!

These points should be considered an integral part of the previous points.
Correct use of the Fan allows you to fully avail of its performance, which the same is designed to
output in complete safety.
Such performance is only guaranteed by strictly complying with the instructions outlined below and
therefore:
*ALWAYS:
 use the Fan only and exclusively with the fluid for which it was designed;
 correctly fit the fixing accessories of the Fan;
 during the lifting and handling phases, use only complete and undamaged lifting cables for
lifting and handling;
 handle the lifting unit slowly and safely;
 work in the best lighting and visibility conditions in the load handling area;
 operate outside the handling radius of the load being lifted;
 avoid as much as possible to control the vehicle in jog mode in quick sequence, use the
"low" speed option, if available;
 avoid sudden movements, slopes and high speeds (>8m/min);
 wait before you lift the load until the lifting cables are stretched;
 check the various parts of the Fan are intact and check for wear;
 follow the directions and instructions in the Installation, Use and Maintenance Manual;
 comply with the instructions outlined in the wiring diagrams attached for electrical
maintenance;

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  strictly follow the procedures in this Manual described for activation and disabling;
 check that performance complies with the intended service (work cycles, usage times);
 ensure that the Fan can operate under the ambient conditions stated in the offer.
 comply with the signs highlighted. Compliance with the above also has an accident-
prevention function; these signs must always be perfectly legible;
 ensure adequate preservation (cleaning, lubrication) and maintenance of the Fan and all
its parts;
 check the correct anchorage of the guards, the Fan, the mechanical and electrical limit
switches;
 check that the stop/emergency buttons are working;
 check that the control panel is intact and working properly;
 cut power supply to the Fan in the event of inspection, repair, and routine maintenance
interventions. Disable the transmission mechanically;
 for all operations, use the personal protective equipment (PPE) suitable for the activity to
perform, in compliance with the safety standards at workplace;
 notify the Department Manager of any anomalies (faulty behaviour, suspected breakage,
improper movements and irregular noise) and put the Fan out of service;
 respect the frequency of the maintenance and adjustment operations and fill out the
maintenance record upon every intervention, also including any relevant comments;
 check the functional efficiency of the safety devices of the guards;
 check the correct anchorage of the guards;

2.11 What you should never do!

Unintended use, unpermitted use, foreseeable incorrect use.
Use of the Fan for manoeuvres which are not permitted, its improper use and lack of maintenance
can lead to seriously dangerous risks to the health and safety of the Operator or the exposed
people, as well as damage to the workplace and the functionality and intrinsic safety of the Fan
itself.
The actions described below, which obviously cannot cover the entire range of potential cases of
"bad use" of the Fan, are those "reasonably" foreseeable improper uses which are considered
strictly forbidden and therefore:

DANGER!
*NEVER:
 allow people to pass through the lifting and moving area of the Fan and its parts;
 try to lift parts of the Fan if they or the fan are unbalanced or if the lifting equipment is not
correctly connected in relation to the centre of gravity of the load;
 put your hands in the vicinity of the lifting cables during lifting; put your hands in the areas
of contact with the hook of the hoist during “tensioning”;
 leave parts of the Fan suspended or unattended during lifting;
 swing the Fan or its parts during lifting and handling;
 change the driving direction suddenly during handling;
 never heat the frame of the Fan or its parts with a blowtorch or other heat sources;
 allow unqualified staff or people under 16 years of age to use the Fan;
 use the Fan if not physically-mentally suitable;
 weld the Fan, or carry out any welding filling operations;
 work in areas in which use of spark-proof parts is specified or in the presence of strong
electromagnetic fields;
 change its functional/performance characteristics;
 carry out temporary repairs or resets not complying with the specifications in the
Instructions Manual;
 change, decalibrate, tamper with the Fan;
 use non-original spare parts or parts not recommended by HDF S.r.l.;
 entrust maintenance and repair operations to staff not trained by HDF S.r.l.;

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  abandon the Fan at the end of work without implementing the relevant safety procedures;
 use the Fan for services other than its intended use and avoid using it as a resting point
for ladders or as a base to replace lamps, etc.;
 use its frame as a grounding for welders;
 use the Fan in potentially explosive atmospheres
 use the Fan in improper ambient conditions.
Respect the temperature range, from -10°C to +45°C, and the humidity range, from 30%
to 80% (unless otherwise specified by HDF S.r.l.);
 carry out ordinary maintenance operations, inspections or repairs without having placed
the Fan out of service and having activated the relevant safety procedure.
during the maintenance phases:
- use unsuitable devices;
- work without personal protective equipment;
- work without locking the disconnect switch and use adequate lighting in the
operating zone;
 clean with aggressive liquids or that can damage its parts;
 expose the Fan to the action of sprayed liquids;
 disconnect components.
 carry out cleaning operations with compressed air inside the electric box;
 grease the drive belts;
 disconnect pneumatic system components before closing the outlet and releasing the residual
pressure.
 remove the guards completely or partially or loosen their fasteners
 keep the fan running with closet inlet/outlet for more than 15 minutes.

2.12 Final part

In the event of inhalation or contact with toxic
substances, do as indicated in the safety data sheet
for the substance: as quickly as possible INFORM A
DOCTOR or THE COMPANY SPECIFICALLY TRAINED
PERSONNEL (IF ANY).

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3 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 Technical description
The industrial fan (hereinafter referred to as fan) is a turbomachine that receives mechanical energy
and utilises it by means of an impeller fitted with blades to maintain a continuous flow of air or
other gas passing through it and whose work per unit mass does not exceed 25 kJ/kg (UNI EN ISO
13349).
Radial flow fan (centrifugal): fan in which the air enters the impeller with an essentially axial
direction and leaves it in a direction perpendicular to this axis.
The blades:
 negative where the fluid is processed by the back, convex side;
 positive where the fluid is processed by the front, concave side; radial or straight where
the fluid is processed either with the back or the front side of the blade if there are no
stiffeners on either side.

As indicated in standard UNI-ISO 13349 - 2002:

 definition of arrangements,
 type of impellers,
 designation of the direction of rotation
 fan outlet position.

3.2 Technical data nomenclature

The essential characteristics of a fan are as follows:
• Volume flow rate: the volume of fluid that passes through the fan per unit time, per second
(m3/s), per minute (m3/min), per hour (m3/h);
• Static pressure: the energy provided by the impeller to overcome the resistance to the
fluid passing through the fan (measured in mm w.c. or Pascal = Pa);
• Dynamic pressure: the energy of the fluid resulting from the speed induced by the impeller
as it exits through the fan outlet (measured in mm w.c. or Pa);
• Total pressure: the algebraic sum of the static ad dynamic pressure (measured in mm w.c.
or Pa);
• Speed of rotation: the speed of the impeller, measured in revolutions per minute (RPM);
• Efficiency: percentage ratio between the energy transmitted by the fan to the fluid and the
energy provided by the motor to the impeller; it depends on the shape of the impeller;
• Power consumption: the power required (supplied by the motor) by the fan to operate,
measured in kW;
• Rated motor power: the nominal power that the motor can provide; it is always greater
than the fan power consumption and is measured in kW;
• Sound pressure level: energy that propagates in the ear canal and causes the eardrum to
vibrate; in other words, it is the noise level of the fan and is measured in dB(A) (decibel)
according to scale A (scale that allows assessing the impact of the noise on the human ear
in relation to the frequency of the same);
• Sound power: the rate at which sound energy is emitted; it is an intrinsic and invariant
characteristic of a noise source.
The sound power level is expressed in Watts.

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3.3.A. Type of impellers for centrifugal fan

1) - Backward-curved blade series B

2) - Aerofoil blade series A

3) - Backward-inclined blade series C

4) - Radial blade series D / E

3.3.B Type of impeller for axial fan

1) - reverseble

2) – undirectional (airfoiled o saber)

3) – radial

Note: always check the direction of rotation indicated on the fan

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3.4 Arrangements
Arrangement 4

Single-inlet fan for direct drive.

Impeller overhung on motor shaft. Motor supported by

base

Arrangement 5
Single-inlet fan for direct drive.

Impeller overhung on motor shaft. Flanged motor

attached to fan casing.
Support feet welded to the fan casing.

Arrangement 7

For belt or coupling drive. One bearing per side,

supported by the fan casing.

Arrangement 8

For belt or coupling drive. One bearing per side,

supported by the fan casing. Two bearings per pedestal,
with extended base for the prime mover.

Arrangement 9

Single-inlet fan for belt drive.

Two bearings per pedestal, with the motor mounted on
the outside of the bearing pedestal

Arrangement 10

Single-inlet fan for belt drive.

Two bearings per pedestal, with the motor inside the
bearing pedestal

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 Arrangement 12

Single-inlet fan for belt drive.

Two bearings per pedestal, with the fan and motor
supported by a common baseplate.

Arrangement 13

Single-inlet fan for belt drive.

Two bearings per pedestal, with the motor fixed
underneath the pedestal.

Note: other executions can be performed. This does not change the requirements
and/or the indications included in this manual.

3.5 Discharge position (fan outlet position)

Centrifugal fans are installed according to 16 discharge positions (8 clockwise RD and 8 counter
clockwise LG).
The direction of rotation is determined from the drive (motor) side.

Direction of rotation

LG Rotation RD Rotation

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 The discharge positions RD, LG 180 and 225 are possible only after making adequate
adjustments

In the case of indirect drive arrangements, standard motor positions shall be

adopted

Axial fans are mounted in the same way as centrifugal fans, taking into account that the air flow is
always axial
The direction of rotation is defined for an observer on the side of the transmission (motor).

Flow A : motor - impeller

Flow B : impeller - motor

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4 LIFTING AND INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS

WARNING
DANGER OF CRUSHING, KNOCKING, ABRASION AND CUTTING
The staff responsible for Fan handling must have read the Safety Provisions at the beginning of
this Manual (Chapter 2), must wear overalls, gloves, safety footwear and a helmet.

ATTENTION
THE CENTRE OF GRAVITY OF THE FAN IS LOCATED AT THE CENTRE OF THE FRAME.
THEREFORE, THE FAN IS BALANCED

4.1 Foreword
Upon package delivery, the staff in charge with handling must follow the instructions outlined
in this Chapter, step by step.
The HDF technician (where present) is the person who dismantled or assisted the dismantling
process in the factory after testing and is the contact person and the person who will assemble
the Fan.
The instructions in the entire Chapter 4 are used as a memo if handling of the Fan, unpacking
and handling of parts of the Fan is carried out without the supervision of the Technician in
question.
Before proceeding with the positioning of the Fan, ensure that the support surface and all the
connections comply with the specifications provided beforehand and with the civil works’ layout.
A copy of these specifications is given in Chapter 8 “Diagrams and Attachments”.

Since you may access parts at height during assembly, you

should have a suitable and safe ladder

Before handling the machine, the operator in charge with

transport must ensure that THERE IS NO ONE NEAR THE
PACKAGE.
Unit lifting, handling and unpacking operations must be
exclusively entrusted to staff who is expert in this type of
operations (crane operators).

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 WARNING
Lift the fans with due care and caution during transport,
paying utmost attention to protect the impeller and the
shaft against shocks and collisions using wood or rags.

ATTENTION
DANGER OF FALLING AND/OR TRIPPING AND
CRUSHING
Cordon off, or in any way, prevent access to staff not
unauthorised to carry out handling operations or those
unaware of the dangers related to this phase.
DO NOT REMOVE THE BARRIERS UNTIL THE FAN
POSITIONING AND FIXING OPERATIONS ARE
COMPLETED.

WARNING
DANGER OF CRUSHING
The various parts are tied and spaced with wood shims inside the packing case, for transport
reasons.
These ties (iron wires and supports) and shims must not be removed when taking off the lid of
the packing cases. There is a danger of crushing due to moved loads.
These ties are to be removed when picking up the component.
For this reason, the person in charge of picking up and slinging the components must wear
safety footwear, protective gloves and a helmet and must proceed with due care.
The Fan is intended for use in industrial environments.
The workplaces must be equipped with devices that provide adequate artificial lighting to
ensure the safety and health of the Operators.
Workplace lighting must comply with the Laws in force in the Country where the Fan is
installed and must be even and ensure good visibility from every point, without causing
dangerous glare effects.
The lighting must allow for the safe execution of the maintenance operations covered in this
Manual.
The floor must be level and able to support the Machine (especially if it is not installed on the
ground floor).
There must be sufficient space for maintenance (minimum 1 meter).
The Fan must be installed according to the layout in Chapter 8 “Diagrams and Attachments”.

WARNING
The work area must always be kept clear so that NOTHING AND NOBODY interferes with
the free movement of the operator.
In the event of an emergency, immediate access must be guaranteed to the control devices of
the Fan by the responsible staff.
Access to the work area is forbidden to those not directly responsible for Fan operation.
This restriction is necessary to avoid danger due to lack of attention or negligence when
performing tasks.
The operator should therefore always keep the work area clear of any Equipment and deny
access to unauthorised persons in order to have the ideal safety conditions to work with the
Fan.
IF THESE CONDITIONS ARE NOT MET, PROVIDE FOR THEM BEFORE INSTALLING
THE FAN.

Since the impeller has been balanced at the HDF Factory,

it must be handled with due care, following the instructions
below:
‐ never lift the impeller by its blades or by its cone

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 ‐ do not roll the impeller if you can move it with
cables.
If you have to roll the impeller, place it on a smooth
surface and proceed with due care
‐ never place the impeller on the ground with its
weight leaning on the shaft; place wood shims
beneath the shaft close to the impeller (any shaft
deformation will cause vibrations).
‐ Coated impellers must be handled with due care and
should never be moved by rolling.

Road transport
Road transport takes place by truck.
Depending on the requirements, the various parts of the Fan can be:
- fixed to a load bearing platform (or crate). The various parts can also be covered with
cellophane, shrink wrap or bubble wrap to protect them from atmospheric agents.
- fixed on wooden or metal feet. The various parts can also be covered with cellophane, shrink
wrap or bubble wrap to protect them from atmospheric agents.

Air or sea transport

For this type of transport, the Fan is fixed to a load bearing platform or crate. Can be used heat-
sealed bags with hygroscopic substances that comply with the Standards in force.

The Customer must dispose of the packaging in compliance with the Standards in force in his
Country (refer to Chapter 10 “Dismantling and Disposal”).

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4.2 Handling of the packed Fan and its parts
The Fan and its parts may be shipped in a packing case, a crate or on a pallet.

Whatever the case, the Fan is always delivered assembled in a single pack

NOTE
IF THE COMPONENTS ARE NOT TO BE UNPACKED IMMEDIATELY UPON RECEIPT,
STORE THEM IN A DRY, COVERED ENVIRONMENT WITHOUT REMOVING THEIR
PACKAGING

For handling:
of packing cases and pallets with a forklift truck > section 4.2.1;
of packing cases and pallets with overhead crane and cables > section 4.2.2.

On the outside of the packaging are specified all the instructions necessary for handling as
well as the name of the Customer, order, gross and net weight.

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4.2.1 Handling of packing cases and pallets with a forklift truck

• Follow the indications on the packing case or on the pallet (especially the position of forks
and centre of gravity): be reminded that the position of the forks is the widest possible (a);
• use a forklift truck of suitable capacity; the forks must protrude out of the packing case or
pallet by at least 15 cm. (b);
• slowly move the packing case or the pallet, at minimum height from the ground (max. 20
cm) supported by an assistant if view is obstructed (c);
• lay it gently on the ground (d);
• to open the packing case, use an appropriate mean (such as a crowbar); start from the
cover (e).

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4.2.2 Handling of packing cases and pallets with overhead crane and cables

 Take two cables or straps with minimum length 4 m and minimum capacity adequate for
the load to be lifted, with eyelets at the ends in good condition (a);
 harness the packing case or the pallet by following the indications on it (position of the
cables, centre of gravity and weight) (b);
 slowly move the packing case or the pallet, at minimum height from the ground (max. 20
cm) supported by an assistant if view is obstructed (c);
 lay it gently on the ground;
 to open the packing case, use an appropriate mean (such as a crowbar); start from the
cover (e).

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4.2.3 Handling from a container

Once the container is prepared and opened, handle the Machine as indicated in paragraph “4.3
HANDLING OF THE UNPACKED MACHINE”.

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4.3 Unpacking

Unpack carefully using a tool (such as a crowbar) starting

from the cover

Remove the side walls.

For handling on site, use special carts.

WARNING
The carts should be positioned next to the uprights,
NEVER ONLY ON THE CROSSBARS.

Remove the first cover in heat-sealing material plus barrier.

Then remove the polyethylene cover.

Check if the content of the package has been damaged during

transport.
If so, immediately notify HDF S.r.l. or its Representative.

Draw up a list of components in the package and

compare it with the packinglist.
In case of missing pieces or inconsistencies, please
notify immediately HDF S.r.l. or his representative.
In case of missing pieces or inconsistencies, please
notify immediately HDF S.r.l. or his representative.

Loosen and remove the screws of the locking

brackets.

HDF S.r.l. RECOMMENDS, IN CASE THE MACHINE PARTS ARE TO BE PACKED BACK,
TO STORE IN A DRY PLACE THE ENTIRE STRUCTURE OF THE PACKAGE AND ITS
LOCKING COMPONENTS

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4.4 Storage

If the Fan parts, still packed, are to remain unused

for a long period, HDF recommends you store
them in a dry and covered place, at temperatures
between 5°C and 35°C.
Air humidity 75%.

Do not place other packs on top of the stored materials

If the Fan has already been unpacked and assembled, so that

it becomes extremely difficult to protect it with the packaging,
HDF recommends to always store it in a dry place on a bench
or on the base of the packaging.
Make sure all metal parts, in particular those external, are
protected by a thin layer of oil SAE 46-SAE 68.
Cover the entire assembly with a cloth, that must allow
residual internal moisture to evaporate.

If the machine is not installed immediately upon receipt and is fitted with antifriction bearings,
rotate the shaft of the fan manually or in a similar manner for several turns, once every 2 or 3
weeks.
This way, the grease inside the bearings will cover any less protected parts of the bearing,
also preventing condensation.
Lock the impeller to prevent any accidental rotation due to air draughts
If the Fan is fitted with drive belts, we recommend reducing the belt tension by slightly
loosening the turnbuckles.
The belts must be tensioned properly shortly before starting the machine.
Periodically, check the condition of the parts to avoid surface oxidation.
After long periods of inactivity, the machine must be commissioned by HDF S.r.l. technical staff
or by technical staff authorised by HDF S.r.l., ensuring that:
 the conditions and characteristics of the Fan before storage have been kept
unchanged;
 there are no signs of corrosion on the frames;
 here are no signs of breakage due to improper storage;
 the electrical connections are efficient and there are no damaged cables;
 the pneumatic connections are efficient and there are no broken pipes;
 that all safety devices installed, tested manually are efficient.

If necessary, contact HDF S.r.l..

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4.5 Disposing of the package
The disposal of waste materials must be made in compliance
with the regulations in force in the Country of use, taking
into account the nature of the materials:
straps, nails and metal parts;
wood and plywood planks;
plastic materials (protective film and barrier bag).

DO NOT DISPOSE OF THE PACKAGING IN THE

ENVIRONMENT.

4.6 Handling of the unpacked Fan

Once you have unpacked the various parts, follow the indications below.

WARNING
DANGER OF SUSPENDED LOADS
BE VERY CAREFUL.

WARNING
Handling must be performed according to the specifications in
this Chapter only; never harness the various elements on their
protruding parts.

For the handling operations, you can use a forklift truck, an overhead crane or a crane
Handling with a forklift truck
When handling the machine with a forklift, always comply with
the following principles:
a) the forklift must have a capacity suitable for the load
to be transported;
b) observe the centre of gravity;
c) observe the input position of the forks;
d) if the position of the forks is not indicated, keep the
distance between them as great as possible;
e) the forks must be longer than the body to move and
protrude by at least 10 cm.;
f) handling must be done at minimum height above the
ground (max. 20 cm);
g) if visibility is hampered, get help from an assistant;
h) lay it gently on the ground.

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 Handling with a crane or overhead crane

For lifting and handling, use only one equalising bar.

Take four cables or straps with minimum length 4 m and

minimum capacity of 12000 Kg. each, with eyelets at the ends
in good condition.

When lifting and moving the parts sideways, be careful to

avoid sudden movements and excessive oscillations.
Proceed as follows:
a) first, insert the hooks of the cables in the special
eyebolts and make sure the pawl prevents them from
coming out;
b) slowly move the machine to the lowest possible height
above the ground (max 20 cm), assisted by another
operator if view is obstructed;
c) gently place the load on the ground close to the
intended installation location;
d) after completing the assembly operations, remove the
eyebolts (where applicable) and keep them for future
use.

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4.7 Handling of loose or light parts
The lighter parts refer to:
 boxes containing small parts;
 technical documentation;
 parts of the pneumatic system;
 cables and electrical connectors;
 other small accessories
Due to their nature and their small size, all lightweight parts are placed on the base in separate
packing cases, some of them tied up to the fan, others simply placed next to it.
This is why before handling the fan, YOU SHOULD REMOVE the lightweight parts first.
Place them close to the place of installation, so that they do not fall and do not impede the
movement of the other parts.

4.8 Foundations
A rigid and level foundation is essential for the stability of the fan and prevents the formation of
vibrations.
The most suitable foundations for fans, motors, etc. are those made of reinforced concrete. Suitably
reinforced steel frames can also be used.

4.8.1 Reinforced concrete foundation

Make sure that the location where the parts are to be installed possesses the following
characteristics

Reinforced concrete foundations must be sized considering the static and dynamic loads of the
fans.

The fan must be secured to its base by means of

foundation bolts or steel or chemical plugs, as
indicated in the technical drawings supplied with
the machine.

The foundation bolts must be cemented into metal tubes; the diameter of said tubes must be
two and a half times larger than the diameter of the bolt to ensure better adjustment during
concrete consolidation (between 24 and 48 hours depending on the case).
The number of foundation bolts or chemical plugs must match the number of holes in the base
of the fan.

Leave a small space of about 10÷15 mm between the concrete surface of the foundation and
the bottom wire of the metal base that will be filled with shims and levelling materials.

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4.8.2 Foundation with steel frames
The fan fixture must be rigid enough to block any vibrations to the fan.
The first natural frequency at any point on the frame should be 50% greater than the frequency
corresponding to the speed of the fan and of the motor.

The frame must be reinforced with adequate stiffeners to ensure and maintain its proper alignment.
Suitable anti-vibration mountings must be bolted to the frame before mounting the fan.

4.8.3 Anti-vibration mountings

If the fans are fitted with anti-vibration mountings, they must be installed on a rigid. stable surface.
Before locking the bolts ensure that the compression arrow is identical for all the mountings.

ATTENTION!
The Engineer and the Manufacturer are responsible for the proper sizing and selection of the
materials used to build the foundation.

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4.9 Inlet and outlet ducts
After installing the fan, you can connect the inlet and outlet ducts.

The connections should not force the position of the fan because any deformation of the casing
may cause the fixed and mobile inlet cones to touch, may result in misalignments, etc.

The ducts must be connected in such a way as to prevent any static loads, vibrations and thermal
growths from affecting the fan.
To meet this requirement, particularly when the temperature of the conveyed fluid exceeds 100°
C, you might have to fit the inlet and outlet ducts with an expansion joint made of a suitable
material (evaluation to be conducted upon express request, with adequate analysis of
temperatures).

These joints must be installed between the fan and the duct, upstream of any inlet dampers or
downstream of any outlet dampers (where applicable).

In particular, the fan must be fitted with this kind of flexible connections if installed on anti-vibration
mountings.
When installing the flexible connections:

 be careful not to damage the flexible parts;

 interpose a suitable ceramic fibre gasket  4 mm between the coupling flanges (unless
otherwise specified in the technical drawings attached to the supply).
 use bolts, nuts, washers, etc. of a suitable diameter and with tightening torques as listed in the
technical drawings supplied with the machine.

ATTENTION!
Any openings not connected to ducts must be provided with adequate protection grids in
compliance with standard ISO – 12499/1999.

According to standard ISO – 5801/5802 the fans:

- with installation type "A" must be equipped with protection grids on both openings.
- with installation type "B" must be equipped with protection grids on the inlet.
- with installation type "C" must be equipped with protection grids on the outlet.

According to standard ISO – 5801/5802, for the openings connected to ducts, in case of fans with
installation type “B”, “C”, “D”, special precautions must be taken to prevent the ingress of foreign
bodies inside the fan through the conveyed fluid.

In order to ensure consistent fan performance, the ducts must be connected in such a way that
the fluid flow is as even as possible, avoiding the formation of vortices.

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4.10 Positioning and installation of the Fan
WARNING
DANGER OF SUSPENDED LOADS, CRUSHING, IMPACT, ABRASION AND CUTTING
The staff responsible for Fan positioning and installation must have read the Safety Provisions
at the beginning of this Manual (Chapter 2), must wear overalls, gloves, safety footwear and a
helmet.

The fan is usually supplied completely assembled but since it can also be supplied disassembled
and during its service life you might have to replace different components, this section described
the assembly procedure for each component of the fan.

All fans undergo inspections before shipment to check the correct assembly and the conditions
of all the components and accessories installed; therefore, if the fan is supplied already
assembled, make sure it does not present any visible signs of damage due to transport and/or
handling and proceed with its installation.
Should you notice any signs of damage, suspend the installation and follow the instructions in
par. 2.2
If the fan was supplied disassembled, check the condition of the various parts and/or accessories
and proceed with their assembly following the procedures below.
Said procedures must be followed whenever you need to disassemble and re-assemble the fan
or parts of it (for maintenance, components’ replacement, etc.).

4.10.1 Installation methods (UNI EN ISO 13349)

Fan installation types according to the arrangement of the ducts:
Installation type A: installation with free inlet and free outlet. To be provided with suitable
inlet and outlet
guards (protection grids). The inlet protection grid can be found in the catalogue and in the price
list (for sizes refer to the catalogue). The outlet protection grid is neither in the catalogue
nor in the price list (available only on request).
Installation type B: installation with free inlet and ducted outlet. To be provided with a suitable
inlet guard (protection grid). The inlet protection grid can be found in the catalogue and in the
price list (for sizes refer to the catalogue).
Installation type C: installation with ducted inlet and free outlet. To be provided with a suitable
guard (protection grid).
Installation type D: installation with ducted inlet and ducted outlet. Does not require guard
(protection grid). To be provided with flexible connections (model supplied by HDF) to avoid any
misalignments and to prevent the propagation of vibrations. The flexible connection must be
selected based on 2 factors: temperature and type of fluid.

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4.10.2 Checks before the assembly
1 Make sure that the fan has not been damaged during transport.
2 Make sure that the casing and the impeller match the type of fan requested.
3 For models supplied assembled, check the discharge position of the casing (0°, 45°, 90°...)
and the direction of rotation of the impeller (LG = counter clockwise or RD = clockwise)
identified by an adhesive label (arrow) applied on its outside.
N.B. The correct discharge position of the casing must be checked referring to the “discharge
position table” in the “catalogues”.

The direction of rotation of the impeller must be identified from the side of the electric motor.
For axial fans, check the direction of rotation and orientation: motor - revolutions or motor
impeller
4 Make sure that the electric motor (to be provided by the customer) to be installed on the fan
has the same technical, construction and performance characteristics as those specified in
the order.
5 Make sure that the electric motor mounting holes on the pedestal base match the electric
motor mounting holes on the fan (see the manual of the electric motor attached).
6 Make sure that the fixing bolts of the electric motor are tightened to the fan.
7 Make sure that the diameter of the hole of the impeller matches the electric motor shaft and
that the diameter of the shaft matches that of the coupling/pulley.

8 Make sure the height of the electric motor axis

(h) matches the height of the pedestal hole on
the top base of the pedestal.

9 Make sure that the value H or H1 or H2 is the

required one.
10 If the fan complies with the ATEX Directive, check the characteristics in Chap. 12.

4.10.3 Preliminary operations before fan fixing

Make sure that the location where the parts are to be installed possesses the following
characteristics:
 the artificial lighting of the premises must comply with the legislation in force in the
Country where the Fan is installed. Must ensure good visibility in every corner of the
room; must not create dangerous glare effects. Moreover, lighting must allow for the
safe execution of the maintenance operations covered in this Manual;

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  there must be a minimum clearance of 1.5 m around the machine for maintenance,
passage of forklift trucks;

 the Customer is responsible for the verification and/or sizing of the supporting
structure.

IF THESE CONDITIONS ARE NOT MET, PROVIDE FOR THEM BEFORE INSTALLING THE FAN.

NOTE
The Fan must be fixed to the Machine ONLY:
 by HDF S.r.l. staff (if specified in the contract);
 by the Customer's Technical staff trained for this type of activity.

No other Technician is authorised to carry out assembly operations.

If necessary, clean the machined parts with anappropriate detergent.

4.11 Indications for the connection to the machine

WARNING
GENERAL HAZARDS AND RISK OF
ELECTRIC SHOCK
These operations must be carried out by a single professionally
qualified Technician, NEVER BY MORE THAN ONE PERSON.
The Technician must have read and understood the Safety Provisions (Chapter 2) at the
beginning of this Manual.
He also needs to ensure that, while performing the connections, no other person is present
in the designated Fan area or its energy source areas.

MAKE THE CONNECTIONS

REFERRING TO THE RELEVANT
DIAGRAMS.

The connections must be performed following the procedure below,

after assembling the Fan and fixing it to the Machine in its own stable
position:

4.11.1 Connection of the pneumatic equipment (air)

Any pneumatic equipment installed on the fan must be connected following the instructions
provided by the manufacturer of said equipment and attached to this Manual.

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4.11.2 Connection of the motor and/or electrical equipment

Refer to the wiring diagrams of the Fan and/or electrical motor before making any connection
and make sure that both motor and fan earthing bosses are connected to the main earthing
system. Also check the efficiency of the earthing system and check the continuity of the
protection circuit installed on the Fan

When making the electrical connections, please observe

the safety standards in force and make sure the rating
match the characteristics of the circuit to which the motor
and/or the electrical equipment is to be connected.
Make the connections following the instructions provided
by the manufacturer of the motor and/or electrical
equipment.
After making the connections and tightening the nuts of
the terminals, close the cover of the terminal box with the
relevant gasket.

CAUTION!
If the fan is installed at a distance from the panel and/or control station,
provide an omnipolar service switch next to the fan.

A copy of the instructions provided by the manufacturers of the motors

and/or electrical equipment is attached to this Manual. If they are not
attached, it is necessary to request or download them from the
manufacturer's website.

4.11.3 Connection to the extraction system

IT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE USER TO PROVIDE FOR THE CONNECTION OF

THE FAN TO THE EXTRACTION SYSTEM AVAILABLE AT THE PREMISES.
HDF DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES TO PEOPLE, ANIMALS AND
PROPERTY.

THE FANS THAT COMPLY WITH THE ATEX DIRECTIVE 2014/34/UE MUST BE
INSTALLED BY A QUALIFIED TECHNICIAN FOLLOWING THE APPLICABLE
REGULATIONS IN FORCE.

CAUTION

Do not use air pipes (extensions) and transition pieces unsuitable or that do not
comply with the regulations in force.

Do not commission the fan before connecting it correctly to the extraction system
available at the site of installation.

Do not commission the fan if the extraction system in which it is to be installed has
not been declared compliant with the provisions of the applied directive.

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5. COMMISSIONING
5.1 First start-up and testing
Before shipment, the Fan undergoes a pre-testing at the HDF S.r.L. premises.
This pre-testing phase includes all the adjustment and calibration operations required by the
mechanical parts and the electrical devices
It is the responsibility of the HDF technician in collaboration with the Customer’s technician to
optimise the fan’s performance for the operations specified in the order confirmation.
In standard version, the Fan is not equipped with a lighting system.
The light level must ensure safe operation at all times.
If you need to perform maintenance operations in poorly illuminated areas, please use portable
lighting systems paying attention to avoid any shadows that may reduce the visibility of the
point concerned by the maintenance work or of the surrounding areas
For the first seals set up and maintenance please refers to the dedicated section at chapter 7
(Maintenance, cleaning and lubrication).

5.2 Preliminary checks

After assembling the Fan and all its parts and after making all necessary connections, the
installer must proceed as follows before starting the fan:
 check the correct mechanical assembly of the Fan and all its parts, make sure that all the
bolts are properly tightened, especially those of the impeller, of the motor and of the
inspection door;
 check the correct balancing of the impeller;
 make sure the environment complies with the standards (in terms of lighting,
temperature);
 make sure the provided power supply voltage is within ± 10% of the nominal value;
 make sure the nominal line voltage is suitable for the operation of the Fan;
 make sure the safety devices work properly;
 turn the impeller by hand (if possible) to make sure that all parts can rotate freely;
 Make sure there are no foreign bodies inside the fan casing or ducts.
 If there are any dust, water or fluid residues inside the fan, have them removed;
 If the inlet and/or outlet are not connected to ducts, provide them with adequate
protection grids.

CAUTION!
NEVER start the fan if there are any free, unprotected openings.
If the fan is not fitted with the necessary guards, the installed must provide them in compliance
with standards UNI EN 14120:2015 and UNI EN 13857:2008.

For fans with belt drive delivered assembled, the alignment was performed at the HDF premises.

Before starting the fan, make sure that:

1. The pulleys are locked in their positions.
2. The key is secured in its seat.
3. Check the belts are correctly tightened.

Start the fan and check if its direction of rotation is correct.

Run the fan at full speed.
You should notice a kink in the belt on its slack side.
Adjust the turnbuckles

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5.3 Start-up procedures
1. The start-up procedure must be carried out with the damper or the flow regulator (where applicable)
completely closed to decrease the time and therefore the overload of the motor upon start-up.
2. Start the motor.
3. Check if the direction of rotation of the impeller is correct: if the impeller should rotate in the
opposite direction, interchange the connections of two phases pf the power supply line (for
three-phase motors).
4. Check that the motor rotates in the correct direction of rotation according to the manufacturer's
instructions.
5. Once the fan reaches the operating speed, open the dampers at least partially (where
applicable) to prevent the overheating of the fan.

5.4 Checks during start-up

1. Check the motor absorption: the intensity of the current absorbed by the motor should not
exceed, at full capacity, the value shown on the plate.
2. After making sure that the fan works properly, the checks during start-up should last at least
eight hours.
3. During this period of time, you must check the vibration level frequently (at least once an
hour).

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6. USE AND OPERATION
6.1 Checks before switch-on

WARNING - GENERAL DANGER

Carefully read the Safety Provisions section at the beginning of this Manual (Chapter 2), paying
particular attention to the function of the main switch and of the emergency buttons.
In case of emergency, proceed as follows:

set the main switch on the electric panel to “OFF”;

or press the EMERGENCY STOP button installed on the
Machine into which the fan is integrated.

The operations to be carried out by the HDF Technician before start-up are as follows:
 make sure that you have all the manuals necessary for the correct use of the fan and its
accessories and components (eg electric motor, actuator, sensors, etc);
 visual inspection of the area where the Fan is installed;
 make sure that the fan is correctly positioned;
 make sure there are no unauthorised persons in the vicinity of the fan;
 make sure that the safety devices are in good condition, correctly installed and working
properly;
 Make sure that the bearings are lubricated;
 make sure the machine is level;
 make sure the bolts of the impeller, of the bearings and of the electric motor are tightened properly;
 connect the system to the mains;
 check the direction of rotation of the fan impeller;
 make sure that all parts can rotate freely;
 make sure to read and understand this “Use and maintenance manual” in its entirety.

6.2 Switching on the fan

To turn on the fan, follow the instructions in the Manual of the system into which the fan is
integrated.

To prevent any electric motor overload, we recommend switching on the radial-flow fans with
the damper or the flow regulator closed.
If the valves are controlled automatically, we recommend checking the opening time (in the case
of high-pressure, if this setting is too low it may lead to vibrations and “water hammer” effects
that are dangerous for the mechanics of the fan).

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6.3 Checks after switch-on
Make sure that the direction of rotation of the impeller matches the direction indicated by the
arrow (nameplate affixed to the outside of the fan)

Make sure that the fan presents no vibrations.

Check the vibrations in compliance with standards ISO 14694:2003, ISO 10816 and ISO 10816-
3.

Recommended vibration limits (mm/s)

RMS: good/acceptable ≤ 7,1; alarm1> 7,1 ÷ 11,2; stop2> 11,2.

Recommended measuring points: at the fan mountings, perpendicular to the axis of rotation on
the horizontal or vertical plane (near the bearings).
We recommend installing vibration sensors.

Make sure the temperature of the bearings when the fan is running at full capacity is normal
At an ambient temperature of 20 ° C, the optimal temperature of the substrates must be less
than about 90 ° C.
Attention, during the first hours of operation the temperature may exceed the indicated value;
it will then stabilise to a lower value.

Temperature limits (°C):

good/acceptable ≤ 90°C; alarm > 100°C; stop > 120°C.

Measuring point: outer ring of the bearing regardless of the ambient temperature.
We recommend installing temperature sensors.
Make sure the temperature of the bearings when the fan is running at full capacity is normal.

Make sure the bolts are properly tightened after a few hours of operation.
Check the tension of the belts (where applicable)
Use an ammeter to check the absorption on three line conductors (L1, L2, L3).

6.4 Switching off the fan

1) Turn off the fan following the instructions in the Manual of the
system into which the fan is integrated
2) Set the main switch to “0 (OFF)”.

ALWAYS WAIT FOR THE ELECTRIC MOTOR TO COOL DOWN BEFORE STARTING THE FAN
AGAIN.

1
ALARM: warning signal when the vibration level reaches a certain value or when there is a significant change
in the vibration level that requires a corrective action. The fan operation may proceed until the cause of the
alarm is identified and the corrective action is taken.
2
STOP: it indicates the vibration limit beyond which the machine might get damaged. The machine stops as
soon as this value is exceeded.

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6.5 Emergency stop

In case of an emergency, the fan can be stopped:

by setting the main switch on the electric panel to “OFF”;
or by pressing the EMERGENCY STOP button installed on the
Machine into which the fan is integrated.

WARNING
DANGER OF CRUSHING/SHEARING:
Do NOT approach the rotor area.
Wait for the impeller to stop.
Before accessing the area, place all necessary maintenance signs and take all the required
measures described in Chap. 2

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7. MAINTENANCE, CLEANING AND LUBRICATION
7.1 Foreword

All maintenance, cleaning and lubrication operations must be carried out with the Fan in a zero
energy state, using all necessary PPE.
Therefore, the staff responsible for maintenance of the Fan must have fully read Chapter 2
“Safety Provisions”, in particular:
 the FUNCTION OF THE MAIN SWITCH AND OF THE EMERGENCY BUTTONS: keep in
mind that it must be set to “OFF” or pressed in case of emergency;
 the FUNCTION OF THE CONTROLS;
 the SYSTEM IN A ZERO ENERGY STATE;
 the OPERATOR;
 the MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN;
 the ELECTRICAL MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN OR QUALIFIED PERSON;
 the DEPARTMENT MANAGER OR SAFETY MANAGER;
 the WARNING LABELS INDICATING THE PRESENCE OF RESIDUAL RISKS,
RESTRICTIONS AND OBLIGATIONS;
 the PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.

In particular, how to bring the Fan to a ZERO ENERGY STATE, essential for carrying out all the
operations safely, and the required Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

The maintenance operations described here reflect the way in which the HDF technician
behaves, phase by phase.
They are therefore the procedures to which the technician adheres if future tuning or
maintenance has to be carried out.

ANY MAINTENANCE, REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT

OPERATION DESCRIBED IN THIS MANUAL MUST BE
CARRIED OUT ONLY BY THE CLIENT'S
MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN OR BY THE HDF
TECHNICIAN.
WARNING
GENERAL DANGERS
Each of these operations must be carried out by a SINGLE professionally qualified technician
(unless otherwise indicated),

AND NOT BY SEVERAL PEOPLE.

Check for the absence of any type of energy on the

Fan.
Remember to put a lock on the switch.

The mentioned key must be:

 kept by the Maintenance Technician;
 or handed over to the Safety Manager.

IT MUST NEVER BE LEFT IN THE PADLOCK.

Fence off the area and place a sign that indicates works in
progress on the mains switch and on the fence:
“MAINTENANCE IN PROGRESS”.

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 NOTE:
IF THE DEVICE IS KEPT CONSTANTLY ADJUSTED, AS DESCRIBED IN THIS MANUAL, THERE IS
NO NEED FOR OTHER MAINTENANCE, OTHER THAN THOSE INDICATED HERE.
CAUTION
Following intervention that involved dismantling and re-assembly of important parts, always
check the continuity of the earthing circuit.

It is forbidden to carry out maintenance operations on moving units.

At the end of the maintenance operations, you must re-assemble the fixed guards.

General information:

Only use equipment suitable for maintenance

operations.
Comply with the frequency and intervention methods
outlined in this Manual.

WARNING
To correctly carry out cleaning, use a bag for equipment
and detergents authorised in the Country where the
Fan is installed and use them as needed. Only use
equipment suitable for cleaning operations.
NEVER use equipment with sharp edges that could
damage the mechanical elements.
If the work must be done at height, use an adequate
safety ladder.

It is forbidden the use of solvents such as

petrol, trichloroethylene, diluents since they
would damage the Machinery or parts thereof

If necessary, cover the Motors with

cellophane or appropriate material.

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 Check that the amount and/or type of lubricants used match the indications. Never mix
lubricants of different quality or brand.

Long periods of storage will reduce the efficiency of the oil or grease even if stored
properly; therefore, they must be replaced every two years.
During long storage period, lubricated rotating parts should be rotated every
month, even by hand where possible, to restore the lubrication (for ex. Rotate the
bearings by hand to re-establish the protection of rotating elements)
Do NOT use wire sponges or cleaning products that may pollute or alter the characteristics of
the lubricants.

The product must be cleaned with adequate means and detergents that do not
affect the painting or the gaskets; it is strictly forbidden to clean or wash the
product with water jets.

HDF disclaims any liability in case of failure to comply with the maintenance intervals
reported in this manual and in the documentation attached to it, or if the maintenance
works are assigned to incompetent staff or that adopts procedures or uses lubricants
with other characteristics than those indicated herein.

When ordering spare parts, please order only original spare parts.

If necessary, contact HDF S.r.l..

If properly carried out, maintenance works can reduce the

downtimes after a failure to a minimum.
Repairs carried out in due time will prevent any further
deterioration.

Based on the hours of operation, the maintenance works can be classified under:
scheduled maintenance:
maintenance works carried out at pre-set intervals (example lubrication or replacement
of worn parts);

occasional maintenance:
works carried out in the event of an accidental malfunction and/or fault (example
replacement of a fuse or a light bulb).

Based on the technical/economic importance or the frequency of intervention, the following types
can be distinguished:

routine maintenance:
works involving simple execution and low technical/economic value;

non-routine maintenance:
repair and/or replacement intervals of significant technical and/or economic importance;
normally, they are necessary following rare or unexpected faults and require the use of
qualified HDF S.r.l. or Client staff.

Such as preventive inspections that guarantee safe use of the Fan.

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7.2 Scheduled maintenance
To guarantee the complete efficiency of the fan, you need to comply with the times and methods
indicated below.
The checks related to maintenance operations are:
• general visual inspections;
• functional tests;
• checking the efficiency of the safety devices;
• checking the guards are intact, efficient and fastened;
• checking the noise generated by the bearings;
• restoration of any calibration;
• replacement of pneumatic components;
• replacement of mechanical components in general;
• checking the proper tensioning of the drive belts;
• checking the correct balancing of the impeller.

See table "MAINTENANCE INTERVALS"

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 MAINTENANCE INTERVALS

See 300 1000 1500 2500 4500 9000 20000

Intervention Notes
Par. hours hours hours hours hours hours hours
Screw cleaning 7.2.1 X X A (*)
Impeller Cleaning (for clean
7.2.2 X A
fluids)
Impeller Cleaning (for dusty
7.2.3 Cleaning intervals cap. 7.2.3 A (*)
fluids) (**)
Impeller condition Check (for
7.2.4 X
clean fluids)
Impeller condition Check (for
7.2.4 X
dusty fluids)
Damper cleaning (for clean
7.2.5 X A
fluids)
Damper cleaning (for dusty
7.2.5 Cleaning intervals cap. 7.2.5 A (*)
fluids) (**)
Bearings and housings 7.2.6 X A
Fastening of all fixed parts 7.2.7 X A
Toothed belts 7.2.8 X A
V-belts 7.2.9 X A
Fan vibration check 7.2.10 X B
Impeller disassembly 7.2.12 X A
A(***
Motor Revision 7.2.13 X
)
Coupling replacement 7.2.14 X
Check of all the electrical system
7.2.15 X A
components
Check of the legibility of the
warning labels for residual risks, 7.2.16 X
restrictions and obligations
Lubrication intervals chap 7.2.14.1 and 7.2.14.2
Coupling lubrication with grease 7.2.14 A (*)
Read also chap. 7.2.6.4
Lubrication intervals chap 7.2.6.1
Bearing lubrication with grease 7.2.6 B (*)
Read also chap. 7.2.6.4
Pillow block lubrication with Lubrication intervals chap 7.2.6.2
7.2.6 B (*)
grease Read also chap. 7.2.6.4
Separated bearings and pillow
7.2.6 Lubrication intervals chap 7.2.6.3 A (*)
block lubrication with oil

NOTES:
For the points marked with:
(*) the tripping time value is only indicative.
(**) to consider dusty fluid if dust content is ≥ 100 mg/Nm³.
(***) intervention and related intervals shall be in accordance with Motor manufacturer manual

The value refers to a clean and dust-free place.

A indication of verification/operations to perform at zero energy state.
B indication of the checks to be performed with the machine running.
C indication of the checks to be performed immediately after stopping the machine.

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7.2.1 Fan casing cleaning

Do not use compressed air, but a vacuum

cleaner, to remove all dust or any other
residues.
If there are small lumps, use a cloth (or sponge)
slightly dampened with water.

NEVER use high-pressure washers

7.2.2 Impeller Cleaning (for clean fluids)

WEAR PROTECTIVE GLOVES

Rotate the blades manually.

Do not use compressed air, but a vacuum cleaner, to

remove all dust or any other residues.
If there are small lumps, use a cloth (or sponge)
slightly dampened with water.

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7.2.3 Impeller Cleaning (for dusty fluids)

WEAR PROTECTIVE GLOVES

Rotate the blades manually.

Do not use compressed air, but a vacuum cleaner, to

remove all dust or any other residues.
If there are small lumps, use a cloth (or sponge)
slightly dampened with water.

You must ensure that the dust deposits cannot lead to

excessive impeller imbalances: the user must install an
adequate vibration monitoring system in compliance
with standard ISO 14694.

In case of abrasive dust, the vibrations may depend

on the wear state.
In this case, the impeller must be replaced as soon as
possible.
In case of welded impellers, check the condition of the
welds: they should present no cracks.

Attention: it is not possible to define a standard

maintenance interval for fans working in a dusty /
abrasive environment. Define the interval of cleaning,
checking and maintenance according to the conditions
of use of the machine. After a certain period of
monitoring, define the most suitable interval for the
use of the machine. Continuously check the vibrations
of the machine and promptly intervene if the levels
exceed the indicated threshold values.

7.2.4 Impeller condition Check

Visually check that the impeller is free from

defects due to wear and corrosion.

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7.2.5 Dampers’ cleaning

WARNING
CUTTING HAZARD
WEAR PROTECTIVE GLOVES

Do not use compressed air, but a vacuum cleaner, to remove all dust or any other residues.
If there are small lumps, use a cloth (or sponge) slightly dampened with water.

Once you have completed the cleaning, DRY PROPERLY with the moistened cloth.
Proceed to dampers’ cleaning based on the dust accumulated.
For machines servicing rooms classified as "clean" (dampers with servocontrol), provide for a
periodic inspection.

Attention: it is not possible to define a standard maintenance interval for fans working in a
dusty / abrasive environment. Define the interval of cleaning, checking and maintenance
according to the conditions of use of the machine. After a certain period of monitoring, define
the most suitable interval for the use of the machine. Frequently check the condition of the
dampers and its operating mechanisms to avoid any damage to the machine.

7.2.6 Bearings and housings

Bearings’ condition
Check for any anomalous noise, vibrations or overheating of the bearings frequently.

Visually and acoustically check that the bearings do

not create noise or excess vibrations and do not
present clearances or incorrect movements.
Contact HDF S.r.l. in case of need for assistance or
for spare parts.

Cleaning the bearings

Upon disassembly of ball or roller bearings, remove the bearing housings from the shafts.
Put the bearing housings in a special container with oil or kerosene and let them soak for about
1 hour: move them with your hand to help to remove the particles of dirt.
Remove any old traces of oil and grease from the housing and clean it with white kerosene or
another suitable solvent.
Dry all the parts with a clean cloth to prevent the dilution of the new lubricant in contact with
the solvent.
If the bearing grease is heavily oxidised, soak it in light oil (SAE10) at 90÷110°C and then
proceed with the cleaning.
Rotate the bearing in the clean oil to remove any traces of solvent.
Remove from the oil bath and add lubricant.

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7.2.6.1 Antifriction bearing lubrication with grease (SEPARATED BEARINGS)

The bearings of the fans shipped already assembled have been lubricated at the HDF, premises
but their lubrication condition should be checked prior to start-up.
The bearings of the fans shipped unassembled or those shipped as replacement or spare parts
are not usually greased.
Before greasing the bearing, clean it thoroughly.
Remove any trace of rust preventative or dirt using clean oil.
Then dry the bearing carefully with air or clean rags.
Remove any trace of rust from the shaft, the bearings and their housings before proceeding
(use wire wool without removing material from the shaft as this would damage its shape and
finishing).
For best results, we recommend using the same grease throughout the entire lifespan of the
part because nor all greases are chemically compatible.
If you have to use a different lubricant, remove any trace of the old lubricant before applying
the new one.
Use a pneumatic grease gun.
Fill the bearing housing up to about 1/3.
Any excess grease may cause bearing overheating.

For separate grease-lubricated supports where there

are no labyrinth seals or an appropriate exhaust valve,
after 10-12 lubrication operations, remove the cover
and completely replace the grease, cleaning both the
support and the bearing well. After cleaning, re-grease
the system paying attention to fill well the area between
the outer ring and the outside of the bearing, the
adjacent area, using the first filling quantity indicated in
the following table.

Initial fill and Re-lubrication

Bearings can be filled with the following types of grease:
- SKF: LGMT 2
- SKF: LGHP 2

For standard machines the LGMT 2 (relatively low rotation speed and standard temperatures) is
installed, while LGHP 2 is installed for fast machines and / or working with high temperature
fluid.

LGMT 2 grease is a grease composed of mineral oil and lithium soap (thickener), NLGI 2
consistency class, with dripping point> 180 ° C (DIN ISO 2176), penetration 265/295 mm / 10
(DIN ISO 2137 ), maximum temperature 120 ° C.
LGHP 2 grease is a grease composed of mineral oil and Di-urea (thickener), consistency class
NLGI 2-3, with dripping point> 240 ° C (DIN ISO 2176), penetration 245/275 mm / 10 (DIN ISO
2137), maximum temperature 150 ° C.

Depending on the type of bearing, the quantity of grease relative to the initial filling is shown
below.

For smooth long lasting operation, we recommend checking the lubrication of the bearings
frequently.
For antifriction bearings is usually intended a maximum temperature of 75/85 °C (measured at
the outer ring) when used in a regular workshop environment, even though higher temperatures
are acceptable (see Chapter 6.3).

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 The lubrication intervals shown in the table below refer to the aforementioned conditions and
are indicated according to the different types of bearings and their rotational speed N.

Relubrication intervals [hour] vs rpm

Shaft Grease
diameter Support quantity Bearing 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000
[mm] [gr]
22207 EK 3380 2510 1990 1650 1400 1220 1060 930 830 740
30 507 50
2207 EK 33800 25100 19900 16500 14000 12200 10600 9300 8300 7400
22208 EK 3010 2230 1760 1450 1240 1080 920 810 710 640
35 508 60
2208 EK 30100 22300 17600 14500 12400 10800 9200 8100 7100 6400
22209 EK 2640 1940 1530 1260 1070 930 790 690 600 540
40 509 65
2209 EK 26400 19400 15300 12600 10700 9300 7900 6900 6000 5400
22210 EK 2510 1840 1440 1170 990 850 730 630 550 490
45 510 75
2210 EK 25100 18400 14400 11700 9900 8500 7300 6300 5500 4900
22211 EK 2380 1750 1340 1090 910 780 660 580 510 450
50 511 100
2211 EK 23800 17500 13400 10900 9100 7800 6600 5800 5100 4500
22212 EK 2250 1650 1250 1000 830 700 600 520 460 410
55 512 150
2212 EK 22500 16500 12500 10000 8300 7000 6000 5200 4600 4100
22213 EK 2120 1550 1160 910 740 620 530 470 410 -
60 513 180
2213 EK 21200 15500 11600 9100 7400 6200 5300 4700 4100 3700
22215 EK 2020 1480 1090 860 690 580 490 420 - -
65 515 230
2213 EK 20200 14800 10900 8600 6900 5800 4900 4200 3700 3200
22216 EK 1920 1400 1030 800 650 540 450 - - -
70 516 280
2216 EK 19200 14000 10300 8000 6500 5400 4500 3800 3200 2800
22217 EK 1810 1320 960 740 600 490 400 - - -
75 517 330
2217 K 18100 13200 9600 7400 6000 4900 4000 3300 2800 2400
22218 EK 1710 1250 900 690 550 450 - - - -
80 518 430
2218 K 17100 12500 9000 6900 5500 4500 3600 2900 2400 2000
22220 EK 1700 1130 790 590 460 - - - - -
90 520 630
2220 K 17000 11300 7900 5900 4600 3700 2700 2100 1700 1300
22222 EK 1680 1020 690 500 - - - - - -
100 522 850
2222 K 16800 10200 6900 5000 3700 2900 1900 1300 900 700
22224 EK 1410 890 610 430 - - - - - -
110 524 1000

22228 EK 1110 720 490 - - - - - - -

125 528 1400

22232 EK 990 620 - - - - - - - -

140 532 2000

The color of the cells indicates the type of first filling grease depending on the size of the
bearing and the speed:

SKF – LGMT2
SKF – LGHP2

For temperatures at the outer ring of the bearing between 90 °C and 110 °C, the lubrication
interval must be halved for each ΔT= 15° C. Also, if used in dusty, humid, hot or corrosive
environments, the interval indicated in the table must be reduced accordingly.

If used under normal conditions, i.e. without being affected by external heat sources, the
amount of oil to be added can be determined using the formula:

= 0.005 · ·

where:
GP = amount of grease to be added in grammes
D = bearing outer diameter in mm.
B = total bearing width in mm.

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7.2.6.2 BEARING HOUSING (MONOBLOCK) lubrication with grease

Initial fill and Re-lubrication

Bearing Housing bearings are pre-lubricated (initial fill performed by HDF S.r.l.) with a lithium-
based grease with EP additives, consistency number NLGI 2, base mineral oil viscosity ν = 150
mm²/s, temperature range from -20 °C to +120 °C, dropping point >180 °C.
The grease stays inside the bearing thanks to the cover installed on one side and to the special
screen installed on the other side but it still requires re-lubrication at regular intervals with the
adequate amounts of grease. With this type of bearings, there is no danger of over-lubrication
because all the excess grease is pushed towards the centre of the casing where there is a
discharge hole that also acts as an anti-condensation vent.

For smooth long lasting operation, we recommend checking the lubrication of the bearings
frequently.
For antifriction bearings is usually intended a maximum temperature of 75/85 °C (measured at
the outer ring) when used in a regular workshop environment, even though higher temperatures
are acceptable (see chapter 6.3).
The lubrication intervals shown in the table below refer to the aforementioned conditions and
are indicated according to the different types of bearings and their rotational speed N.
The table below shows the re-lubrication intervals and the amount of grease necessary for each
bearing.

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7.2.6.3 Antifriction bearing lubrication with oil
HDF S.r.l. recommends oil lubrication for high-speed or high-temperature applications that
exclude the use of grease.
To avoid losses during transport and installation, bearing house and pillow blocks lubricated
with oil are NOT pre-lubricated. It is necessary to fill with oil before running the fan.
If the indicator is "by eye", the level represents the centerline of the indicator, whereas if is
"pipette" the level must be between the minimum and maximum mark. All levels are to be
considered in a static condition, i.e. with the fan off. It is necessary to wait for the right time for
the oil level stabilization.
The oil lubrication methods used for both pillow block bearings and separated bearings are oil
baths or ring oilers.
The oil should be changed once every 6 months. If used in particularly adverse conditions (very
dusty environments or that lead to premature oil oxidation) we recommend shortening the
period.

We recommend the use of MOLIGUARD GEAR SINT EP 68, a synthetic additive EP with viscosity
ISO VG 68 and flash point> 200 ° C.

In the case of bearings mounted on separated bearings in oil bath, in addition to check the level
of the indicator, it is also necessary to check the level with respect to the support plane of the
support.
Below is indicated the level reported in the filling schedule for separated bearings with oil-bath
lubrication.

All levels refer to static conditions.

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 Oil level indicator

7.2.6.4 Lubrificant types and maintenance notes

GREASE
Depending on the type of bearing house and pillow blocks, it is necessary to carefully follow the
indications below regarding the type of lubricant and the re-lubrication and replacement operations.
Before using other types of lubricant than those indicated, it is necessary to check their TOTAL
compatibility. It is advisable to use the same grease / oil indicated by HDF in the manual or in the
dedicated drawing.
In drawing, can be indicated a lubricant different from the standard one (better performing); in
this case follow the indicated lubricant. It is necessary to check the general compatibility with the
following tables of the grease additives / the oil additives used for re-lubrication.

Below are the tables with the basic compatibility:

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 The following table shows the compatibility of the greases indicated by HDF S.r.l.

SKF – LGMT 2 SKF – LGHP2 ROL OIL – LITEX EP 2

SKF – LGMT 2 + + -
SKF – LGHP2 + + -
ROL OIL – LITEX EP 2 - - +

+ = compatible
- = NOT compatible

Warning: the compatibility does not indicate that the performance remains the same. To maintain
the performance, operating temperature and bearing life, it is necessary to use exactly the indicated
products. Compatibility is only an indication of the chemical / physical affinity of lubricants, ie they
will continue to perform the lubricating function, not chemically untying, totally losing the
lubricating properties, but with different performances.

If it is necessary to use an incompatible grease it is necessary to completely remove the lubricant

from both bearing house / pillow blocks and the bearing itself by using solvents (diluent, kerosene,
etc ...), compressed air and rag.
Reapply the new lubricant as if it were the first filling ie respecting the quantity and paying attention
to completely penetrate the grease inside the bearing (by perfectly wrapping the balls / rollers and
filling all the space between the rings) and adding the remaining externally along the tree.
Run the fan for a few hours, keeping the temperature and vibration monitored, and repeat the
cleaning and filling procedure again.

Warning: Absolutely forbidden to use greases containing Graphite, Molybdenum Disulphide and
other elements / additives not suitable for use with rolling bearings.

OIL

Different is when we are in the presence of oil lubrication. NEVER mix different oils regardless of
compatibility. If necessary replace the oil with another, completely empty the oil inside the bearing
house / pillow blocks and replace with the new one.
When replacing, pay attention to the oil replaced. If there are anomalies or particles, it may indicate
excessive bearing wear or contamination. In these cases, before the system is restarted, evaluate
the cause and intervene.

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7.2.7 Fastening of all fixed parts
Check the tightening torque of the Fan screws.

Cl. 8.8

Screw Step Preloading Tightening Torque

M [mm] N Nm
8 1.25 16815 27
10 1.5 26774 52
12 1.75 39039 89
16 2 73790 217
20 2.5 115297 417
24 3 166028 714
30 3.5 265722 1408
36 4 388751 2446
Note: The tightening torque generates a preload equal to 80% of the yeld of the screw. (The considerated friction
cofficient is equal to 0.13 – new unlubrificated bolt). It is necessary to reduce the tightening torque by 25% when is
used MOS2 (or similar).

To fix the bearing housing to the carpentry follow the values the screws tightening torque shown
in the following table:
Cl. 8.8
Tightening
Screw Step Preloading
Torque
M [mm] N Nm
10 1.5 25742 50
12 1.75 26273 60
16 2 34044 100
20 2.5 35910 130

For all commercial elements (e.g. bearing supports, electric motors, etc.) refer to what is indicated
by the manufacturer.

The following table shows the correspondence between the fan holes and the screws.

Notes:
 use only cl. 8.8 screws for all the couplings;
 the minimum length of the screw is equal to tightening thickness + overall dimensions of the lockwasher
and nut + d/2;

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7.2.8 Toothed belts
Fan control motor belt tensioning and pulley alignment check

Check the correct tightening of the belts:

 after the first operating period (about 5

days);
 - then, every 3-4 months;

if necessary, tighten correctly using the adjustment system (2) (arrow of about 2 cm, working
on the intermediate point of the belt between the pulleys).
Pay utmost attention not to overtighten the belt.
Excess tightening may damage the bearings.
Check the correct alignment of the pulleys every 2500 hours.
Use a template to check the correct alignment and if necessary, adjust the pulley to obtain it;
Make sure that:
 the belts are positioned correctly in their compartments
 the toothed compartments are not worn.

Toothed belt cleaning

To clean the toothed belts

NEVER use chemical agents: they may
damage them.
Use a vacuum cleaner and then a dry cloth.

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7.2.9 V-belts
To mount a V-belt drive system:
 clean the fan and motor shafts. Make sure they present no signs of corrosion;
 clean the pulley hubs and cover them in lubricating oil to facilitate shaft insertion;
 remove any traces of oil, grease, rust or burrs from the pulleys;
 install the fan pulley on the fan shaft and the motor pulley on the motor shaft.
 Do not use a hammer to fit the pulleys in because you may damage the bearings.
 Fix the pulleys.

Alignment check
Make sure that each pulley is as close as possible to its mounting; the pulley and the belts should
not touch the mounting.
 Move the motor so that you can remove the belts effortlessly.
 Do not force the belts and do not insert tools in the grooves of the pulleys

 use a rigid ruler or a tightrope to adjust the motor and fan shafts so that they are
parallel. The belts should be at a straight angle with the shafts.
Incorrect alignment may lead to excessive belt wear.

checking the correct belt tension

The correct tension of the belts is essential for the proper operation of the V-belt drive system.
 Before installing the belts, ensure that the direction of rotation of the motor is
correct.
 Tighten the belts by sliding the motor on its base: the tension of the belt must be
correct in order for the system to be as efficient as possible. Excessive belt tension
may over-stress the bearings.
Check the alignment again.

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 Use a dynamometer and a torque wrench.

To check the belt tension, you must:

1) Measure section “T”;

2) For each belt apply, using the torque wrench, at half “T” a perpendicular force “F” capable
of causing an arrow “f” of 1.5 mm for every 100 mm of “T”;
3) Compare the value “F” provided by the torque wrench with the values “F1” and “F2” in
the Table.

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 Check the correct positioning of the belts in their seat.

Make sure the belts are in perfect condition and do not present signs of wear or frayed sections.

If necessary, replace them.

After carrying out all the necessary checks and tightening the belt correctly, tighten the four
screws with the nuts.
Reinstall the fixed guard of the belts and secure it with the relevant screws.

7.2.10 Fan vibration check

The vibration check is extremely important in the case of Fans.
The service life of some of the components depends on the vibration condition.

The main causes of vibration can be:

a) imbalances of the rotating masses;
b) structural resonance;
c) thermal growths;
d) rigid connections between fans and ducts.
e) damaged and cracked welds on the support frames
f) incorrectly tightened locking nuts or that do not have a washer underneath.

For machines with antifriction bearings, where the most important aspect is to check the
condition of the bearings, we recommend using special monitoring equipment, able to define
the acceleration spectrum over a field of frequencies that allows you to readily identify any
abnormal values that may indicate a bearing fault

a) imbalances of the rotating masses;

a1) Dust accumulation or deposits on the impeller,
a2) Impeller corrosion or erosion,
a3) Shaft and impeller deformation due to temperature

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 Any accumulation of the conveyed materials may result in excessive vibrations, leading
to malfunctions.
For impeller cleaning, see par. 7.2.2 / 7.2.3.
b) Structural resonance
Such phenomenon must be removed by changing (usually increasing) the stiffness of
the resonant structure or component so that the fan works below the lowest resonant
frequency.
c) Thermal growths
They may occur on fans that operate with hot gases.
The temperature gradients should be kept as low as possible over time, within the
limits allowed by the process, because they are directly proportional to the stress
applied to the materials.
Therefore, you should avoid as far as possible any thermal shocks because they may
cause cracks and breakages in the impeller and deformation in the shafts.
Particularly long shafts exposed to hot gases at a standstill for long periods of time
may suffer permanent deformations.
d) Rigid connections between fans and ducts
The fan should not withstand the weight of any external load.
Flexible connections must be provided between ducts and fan inlet/outlet.

7.2.11 Impeller assembly

Bring the impeller in an accessible position.
1. Remove any inlet connection channels
2. Remove the screws fixing the inlet cone to the fan casing
3. Gently remove the inlet cone paying attention not to damage the gasket.
4. Measure the distance between the impeller and the rear side of the fan casing; you will
need to respect it upon impeller re-assembly. Changing this distance may reduce the
functional characteristics of the fan.

For impellers installed directly on the shaft, the head screw is tightened on the shaft of the fan
in such a way that the extractor presses against the end of the shaft.
The impeller hub is connected to the extractor by means of n° 02 screws.

7.2.12 Impeller disassembly

WARNING
DANGER SUSPENDED LOADS

 In case of corrosion remove rust using special oils or solvents.

Do not use hammers and/or levers.
 Remove the head screw (aa) and the extractor (aa).
 Tighten the screw (aa) in the slot on the fan shaft.
 Install the extractor (aa) using the screws (aa)
 Insert the screw (aa) in the extractor hole (aa) and rotate to the right to release the
impeller.

ATTENTION!
THE IMPELLER CAN BE VERY HEAVY!
To lift the impeller, follow the instructions in Chapter 4 LIFTING AND INSTALLATION
INSTRUCTIONS.
 Remove the impeller
 Remove the extractor (3) and the screw (4)

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7.2.13 Motor revision
Please refer to motor manufacturer manual for the maintenance intervention and related
intervals.

Incase of motor replacement

Refer to the wiring diagrams in Chapter 8 of this Manual.

Disconnect the motor from the

coupling/impeller.
Remove the coupling/impeller from the fan.

Loosen the screws fixing the cover of the box.

Remove the box cover and, following the
wiring diagrams, disconnect the motor from
the power supply cables.

Coated and processed parts should be

protected with cardboard, wood or rags.

WARNING
DANGER SUSPENDED LOADS

Insert the strap hooks in the motor eyebolts.

Make sure that the hook pawl is closed and

cannot come out.

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7.2.14 Coupling replacement
On some Fans, you need to install the coupling that connects the electric motor shaft to the
impeller bearing.

The couplings used by HDF S.r.l. are usually:

 rigid toothed coupling;
 blade coupling;
 rubber coupling;

The coupling consists of a female and a male side.

The female side of the coupling is inserted into the bearing while the male side is fixed to the
shaft of the electric motor.

Coupling centring and alignment

The following procedure is purely indicative. For more detailed steps, refer to the coupling
manual attached.
Ensure that the alignment of the coupling is correct (parallelism and centring); proceed as
follows:
Radial centring

1) Measure the value Cr;

2) Shim the feet of the electric motor

until it falls within the limits indicated
in the Table.

Angular centring

1) Measure the values a and b in at

least 4 points and determine the
maximum variation b-a;

2) Take adequate measures to bring it

within the limits indicated by the
manufacturer

Important:

For installation instructions, assembly tolerances and lubrication specifications, refer to the
manual provided by the Manufacturer of the coupling.

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7.2.14.1 Lubrication of standard gear coupling “MAINA” – GO-A
If a standard MAINA gear coupling, GO-A series, is installed, below instructions shall be followed:
1. After the hubs shrinkfitting and the positioning of the gear sleeves and side flanges, fill
with grease all the spaces between hubs and sleeves using a spatula. After closing the
gear coupling, spread a slight mastic flim on the flange connection surfaces.
2. Close the jcoupling and tighten all the screws according to the tightening torques
indicated (table below), then complete lubrication using all the grease nipples and / or
plugs (N ° 2 for half-coupling).

GO-A SEAL Tightening

Size OR. TN414 Torque (Nm)

0 OR 68 18
1 OR 85 36
2 OR 107 36
3 OR 133 65
4 OR 152 65
5 OR 177 150
6 OR 209 150
7 OR 234 150
8 OR 253 220
9 OR 279 400
10 OR 304 400
11 OR 355 520

3. Lubricate through the grease nipples, verify that the grease is really filling the gear
coupling; should the grease enter the coupling with difficulty, open a breather by
removing a plug or a grease nipple.
4. At the end of the lubrication, make sure that the couplings are completely filled with
grease, then reassemble the plugs and / or greasers, checking their tightening.
5. Gear coupling must be lubricated regularly every 3-4 months.
This initial interval is recommended for integral seals, industrial applications, non-
aggressive environments, medium and heavy duty services and ambient temperatures
between 0°C and 70°C. After the first year of use and observation and after verifying
the results, the time intervals can be extended up to 6 months. A certain amount of
grease must be created in the coupling during lubrication. To let all the old grease out,
remove a plug or a grease nipple at 180° from the new grease filling point and pump
the new grease until this comes out from the breather. At the end of the operation,
insert the plugs and/or grease nipples, making sure that they are properly tightened.
6. During lubrication operations, always check that the floating part is axially free. If the
movement is blocked, open the coupling and check the gear teeth.
7. Completely replace the grease every 8000 operating hours or at the latest every two
years. For this activity you will have to open the coupling, clean the flange surfaces,
remove all the old grease, clean the interstices, check the gear teeth condition and then
perform the operations indicated in points 1 and 4. Never use contaminated grease, or
grease which is not suitable to the working conditions.. Do not use tools to separate the
two flanges of the toothed sleeves that could damage the integrity of the sealing
surfaces.

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 To lubricate coupling and gear teeth, must be used lithium soap lubricating greases,
with EP additives, resistant to centrifugation, non-hygroscopic and antioxidants .

For the first lubrication HDF S.r.l. uses VANGUARD LIPLEX EP 2 grease, NLGI 2 classification,
with Complex Lithium soap thickener.
If you need to use other grease you must completely remove the grease and lubricate as a first
filling.
The indications are to be considered summarized. It is essential to refer to the manufacturer's
instructions.

7.2.14.2 Lubrication of lamellar couplings

The lamellar couplings do not require special maintenance.
Check the pairings of gears regularly, every 3-4 months.
When doing this, it is necessary to check that all the parts are not worn and are in good
condition (for example cracks, signs of rubbing and wear, etc.)
Always consult the manufacturer's maintenance manual for all the necessary information.

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7.2.15 Check of all the electrical system components
NOTE
This operation must only be done by the ELECTRICAL MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN

• wear of the wires, that they are intact and

not stripped;
• wires are tight on the terminal boards;
• wear of the screw terminals;
• wear of the switch contacts;
• electric boxes seal;
• wear of the connectors.

7.2.16 Check of the legibility of the warning labels for residual risks, restrictions and
obligations

• Check they are legible, not worn and intact;

• If necessary: replace them immediately.;

Contact HDF S.r.l. for spare parts.

Note
The new parts replacing faulty ones must have the same technical characteristics and the same
performance; if they are safety components, they must be certified and belong to the same class
as those replaced.

7.2.17 Installation of the inlet control damper

Parallel blade dampers are used to control the air intake and reduce the consumption in
applications where it is necessary to adjust the fan capacity based on the operating conditions.
The dampers are unidirectional, can be supplied separately or installed on the fan and can come
with manual control or with control actuators. To install the actuators, follow the instructions in
the installation and maintenance manual of the actuator manufacturer. The control dampers must
be installed according to the diagram below; when the dampers are engaged, the air flow should
direct the air vortex in the direction of rotation of the impeller. The maintenance, check and repair
intervals match those of the fan impeller.

Circular control dampers (dapò) are used, just like the parallel blade dampers, to control the
air intake and reduce the consumption in applications where it is necessary to adjust the fan
capacity based on the operating conditions. Follow the same installation recommendations
indicated for the parallel blade dampers. Just like all control dampers, the dapò dampers should
also be installed according to the discharge position shown below; when the dampers are
engaged, the air flow should create an air vortex in the direction of rotation of the impeller. The
maintenance, check and repair intervals match those of the fan impeller.

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 Note
Possible fan damages and faults if the control dampers (parallel blade or dapò dampers) are
kept open to 30% constantly or for long periods of time. The 30% setting should be used only
at start-up or for limited periods of time; it should not be used in a continuous manner.
Do not keep the fan running with closed inlet/outlet for more than 15 minutes, unless it is
explicitly authorized by HDF S.r.l.

WARNING
CRUSHING/CUTTING HAZARD
Keep objects and hands away from the blades and/or moving parts of the dampers.

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7.2.18 Seals Maintenance and start up

All the maintenance operations described above shall be performed when the fan is switched off
following the safety rules described in chapter 2.
The following indications on startup procedures, set up, dismounting and assembly are mandatory
and form an integral part of the Chapter 5. 6 and 7 of this manual.

SIMPLE SEAL
The Simple Seal does not require any particular kind of maintenance. It will be substituted when
the leakage exceeds the allowable value, to be determined by the User on the basis of the
application, or when the seal is damaged.

FLOATING SEAL
The Floating Seal does not require any particular kind of maintenance. The rings will be
substituted when the leakage exceeds the allowable value, to be determined by the User on the
basis of the application, or when the seal is damaged.

LABYRINTH SEAL
The Labyrinth Seal does not require any particular kind of maintenance. It will be substituted
when the leakage exceeds the allowable value, to be determined by the User on the basis of the
application, or when the seal is damaged.

CARBON RING SEAL

The Carbon Ring Seal does not require any particular kind of maintenance. The rings will be
substituted when the leakage exceeds the allowable value, to be determined by the User on the
basis of the application, or when the seal is damaged.

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 STUFFING BOX
If the fan is switched off for more than 2 calendar months, prior to start of the fan, it is suggested
to verify and replace the stuffing box sealing material.

On the fans with Stuffing Box sealing system, during the first start up, the gland bolting shall not
by tighten (just put in position by hand). DO NOT tighten the gland bolting before start. If
possible, prior to first start-up, maintain the fan switched on for 30 minutes . This will allow the
bearings, the stuffing box or the seal and the other parts to rotate which will reduce any eventual
problems which may occur during future start-ups.

During the first startup of the fan, it is very important that the seal is not too much tighten. Refer
to the Section A.1 - Start up with a new Stuffing Box for further information.

During the first start up, the seal should have a little leakage to guarantee the correct seal
functionality in the future.

Attention: The Stuffing Box seal does not guarantee a 100% sealing.

A.1 - START UP WITH A NEW STUFFING BOX:

Verify that the “Nut A” is tighten. Verify that the “Nut B” is un-tighten and it will be never in
contact with the gland during the seal regulation. Switch on the fan and run for 20 -30 minutes;
Do not tighten the gland (“Nut C”) even if the leakage is high. After this period, if the leakage is
still higher than the allowable value, regulate the Stuffing Box as described in Section A.2 -
Stuffing Box regulation. If the new Stuffing Box generates a high temperature during this
period, turn off the fan and wait till it cools down.

A.2 - STUFFING BOX REGULATION

During the startup (not the first start up) slightly untighten the “Nut B” and verify that it will be
never in contact with the gland during the seal regulation.
During the first start up, please verify that the “Nut B” shall be sufficiently loosen. If not, untighten
as described above.
The allowable leakage ratio should be determined controlling the leak fluid temperature. It shall
be cold or warm, not hot. During the seal regulation, tighten the nuts uniformly (cross tightening
with dynamometer key) until the leakage is within the allowable ratio. The nuts shall be tightened
with a nut maximum rotation equal to half turn. Between the steps it is necessary to have 30
minutes of seal running. Tighten the “Nut B” on the gland. If the seal is regulated correctly it will
guarantee a good seal efficiency during its lifetime.
When it is impossible to achieve a correct regulation, the Stuffing box seal material shall be
removed from the existing housing and substituted with a new kit.

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 If the fan is working with an aggressive , dangerous, toxic, hot, etc. fluid, the seal regulation shall
be performed with the fan not connected to the plant; during this operation, the fluid shall be not
dangerous and at ambient temperature.

A.3 - STUFFING BOX SEAL MAINTENANCE

The seal maintenance consists to tighten occasionally the gland when the leakage is higher than
the admissible.
If the regulation does not decrease the leakage, the Stuffing Box sealing material shall be replaced
with a new kit. For the-said operation, refer to Section A.2 - Stuffing Box regulation.
After 1 week from the fan start up, and in function of the seal wearing, define the maintenance
interval according to the user requirements (HDF S.r.l suggests to have a maintenance interval
not longer than 1 month).

A.4 - STUFFING BOX REPLACEMENT

1- Remove the gland and the sealing material. If the Stuffing box has the lantern ring, remove
it.
2- Verify that there is not any damage on the shaft and on the housing surfaces. Repair or
substitute the damaged components if seriously damaged. If the wearing is slight, machine the
surfaces in order to obtain a smooth and concentric surface. Do not remove too much material.
3- Clean the housing groove.
4- After the preparation of the rings, start to put the rings inside the hosing groove. It is
fundamental that the first ring match exactly with the bottom of the groove. Slightly lubricate
internally and externally the rings with oil. The ring junction cut shall be 90 deg. staggered. Do
not put the seal material as a continuous spiral.
5- For startup procedure refer to A.1 - Start up with new Stuffing Box.

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7.2.19 Thermocouple Maintenance and Regulation – Pt100

All the maintenance operations described above shall be performed when the fan is switched
off following the safety rules described in chapter 2.
The following are the steps to follow for the correct fitting of the thermocouple, commonly
called RTD.
As part of the HDF applications, is used Pt100 - platinum resistance thermometers (Pt), in
which, the resistance at 0 ° C is 100 Ω (ISOIEC 60751) and the temperature coefficient equal to
α = 0.003851 ° C ^ -1.
Always consult the manufacturer's manual.

We always recommend using adjustable and non-fixed thermocouple.

Other types of Pt100 can be used, always consult the manual of the probes

ADJUSTABLE THERMOCOUPLE
For the assembly of the adjustable thermocouple is necessary:

1. Make sure that the locking nut "B", which is used to lock the compression ring, is loosened.
2. Verify that the temperature probe can slide freely on the nipple "A".
3. Verify that the length of the threaded part of the nipple "A" is less than the depth of the hole
that passes through the wall of the bearing housing. During the next tightening, the nipple
should not come into contact with the outer ring of the bearing. If the wall thickness is
insufficient to accommodate the nipple, provide for shims between this and the monoblock.

4. Secure the nipple “A” to the bearing housing without touching on the bearing outer ring. We
recommend the use of a suitable sealing system between the bearing housing and nipple “A”
(gasket or PTFE tape).

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 5. Slide the temperature probe until it reaches the bearing surface; make sure that the sensor is
simply leaned and does not force on the outer ring.
6. Tighten locking nut "B".

FIXED THERMOCOUPLE
For the assembly of the fixed thermocouple is necessary:

1. Verify that the length of the threaded part of the nipple "A" is less than the depth of the hole
that passes through the wall of the support / monobloc. During the next tightening, the nipple
should not come into contact with the outer ring of the bearing. If the wall thickness is
insufficient to accommodate the nipple, provide for shims between this and the monoblock.

2. Verify that the length of the probe rod "U" (from the head to the bottom of the nipple "A"
thread or of the fixing flange "B") is correct. Once tightened, the probe must not press but only
lean against the bearing.
The probe must not generate additional stress on the mechanical components of the fan.
If necessary, provide adequate shims / spacers.

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8. TECHNICAL SUPPORT INFORMATION

For further information or technical support, contact HDF S.r.l. .

COMPANY NAME HDF S.r.l.

ADDRESS Via Nazionale 5/C
Zona Industriale
23030 Chiuro (SO)
Italy
(+39) 0342 48 40 11

(+39) 0342 48 30 59

[email protected]

www.hdfans.it

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9. DISMANTLING AND DISPOSAL
Once the Fan has reached the end of its service life, it must be put out of service so it cannot be
used for other purposes than those it was intended for and make possible the reuse of the parts
and materials it is made from.
The Fan must be disabled and demolished in a safe manner, to avoid the risk of impact due to the
presence of moving parts or stored energy.
In particular, disconnection operations of the pneumatic and electrical systems must be carried out
according to the indications and warnings in Chapter 4 “Lifting and installation instructions”.
HDF S.r.l. cannot be held in any way liable for damage to people or property due to re-use of the
parts of the Fan for functions other than those initially intended by HDF S.r.l..

CAUTION
Before proceeding with any dismantling operations, the employees must have read and clearly
understood the Safety Provisions (Chapter 2) at the beginning of this manual and wear the Personal
Protective Equipment (protective gloves, safety shoes, overalls, goggles, etc.).

DO NOT DISPOSE OF POLLUTANTS SUCH AS OIL, GREASE, RAW MATERIAL WASTE, ETC.
INTO THE ENVIRONMENT.

DURING DISMANTLING OPERATIONS, SEPARATE THE VARIOUS TYPES OF MATERIALS.

To carry out dismantling, follow the procedure indicated below, with EXTREME CAUTION.

WARNING
DANGER OF CUTTING, CRUSHING, IMPACT AND ABRASION.

Disconnect the service systems:

 the sheaths of the electrical system (disconnect the connectors or the cables from the
terminal and wrap the sheaths on the various utilities);
 disconnect the air supply;
 disconnect the power supply and interface cable;
 disconnect the air supply pipe;
 remove all guards;
 dismantle all the structures and various components.

For each component when lifting:

 keep the lifting straps taught;
 loosen all the screws fixing the component without removing them;
 check the correct balance of the harnessed load;
 remove all the screws previously loosened;
 remove the component from the ground;
 lift it and place it on a pallet.
MUST BE DISPOSED OF BY SPECIFIC AUTHORISED COMPANIES, FOR EACH ELEMENT,
AND IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE LEGISLATION IN FORCE.

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10. SPARE PARTS
The HDF Fan is designed, built and uses suitably sized components to ensure high reliability over
time.
Failure to comply with the maintenance schedule and incorrect use of the Fan (as indicated in this
manual) may cause damages to the components.
When replacing parts, always use original spare parts that can be ordered directly from HDF
S.r.l.
The use of non-original spare parts will render the warranty void and can also affect the proper
operation of the Fan.
The parts are to be replaced only by HDF technicians or by qualified maintenance staff.

We recommend ordering the spare parts in advance based on the production

requirements and on the time available for putting the Fan back in operation.

SPARE PARTS SUBJECT TO WEAR OVER TIME

 Bearings
 Pedestal/pillow block
 Seals
 Drive coupling
 Belts
 Pulleys
 Flexible connection
 Shock absorbers
 Impeller (in case of severe conditions)

SPARE PARTS SUBJECT TO EXTRAORDINARY REPLACEMENT

 Motors (*)

(*) components with delivery times of up to 6-8 weeks.

This is why HDF recommends ordering them in advance to avoid any excessive
downtimes.

SPARE PART REQUEST

For spare part quotation request, contact the Technical Support Department at: [email protected]
.

When ordering spare parts, please mention the following:

 model and job number of the Fan.

 number or code of the item.
 desired quantity.

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11. TROUBLESHOOTING
Problem Causes Solution
Start-up failure Excessive power absorption Check the power absorption.
Reduced power supply voltage Check the mains voltage
MAX. relay unsuitable for the Replace the max. relay with a
start-up conditions. suitable one.
Electric motor fault that lower Replace the electric motor.
its inrush characteristics
Inadequate assessment of the Install an electric motor with
moment of inertia of the higher capacity or check the
rotating parts of the fan in friction on the mechanical
connection with the selected parts.
electric motor and its type of
starter.
Starting voltage too low. Check the mains voltage.
Vibrations Impeller imbalance. Make sure there are no dust
deposits or other materials on
the rotating parts. Check the
impeller for erosion or
corrosion signs.
If the impeller is seriously
damaged, have it replaced
Unsuitable foundation. Reinforce the structure or
decrease the natural resonant
frequency by increasing the
masses
Loosen the foundation bolts or Tighten the screws completely
the fixing bolts of the bearings
and their covers
The head screw locks the loose Tighten and check that the
impeller. impeller is in the correct position
The impeller rotates backwards Check that the direction of
rotation of the impeller is
correct, as indicated on the
nameplate
Vibrations transmitted to the Check the system in which the fan
fan from the system, other is installed. If necessary, install
machines or structures of the expansion joints between the fan
building. and the ducts.
Air pulses. The fan is mechanically sized
Using the fan at rotational for a rotational speed 1.1 times
speeds higher than the higher than the
intended one Intended speed: this limit must
not be exceeded if allowed by
the electric motor.

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 Problem Causes Solution
Air pulses (pumping) Fan running at reduced or zero Provide adequate systems to
capacity, usually at full prevent the dampers from
pressure. closing completely.
The fan works in the stall Check the system.
region of the performance
curve.
This may be due to many
causes including:
 Accidental closing of the
dampers installed on the
system or on the fan
 Circuit resistance different
than that intended
 Obstruction or incorrect
inlet connection resulting
in inconsistent air intake
 Repeated
detachment/reattachment
of the confined fluid
from/to the walls of a
divergent duct

Noise Foreign materials in the fan Check the impeller and the fan
casing. casing: clean and remove any
foreign bodies.
Friction between static and Check the clearances and the
rotating parts tolerances between static and
rotating parts and bolts’
tightening periodically (every 6
months).
Wrong choice of bearings. Replace the bearings.

Performance with Fan power unexpectedly high. Make sure that the fan speed is
excessive capacity not too high.
Correct one or more of the
following conditions:
 the fan is treating ambient
air while it was designed
for hot or less dense air;
 excessive pressure drop
assessments (slow down
the rotational speed of the
fan or close the dampers
partially).

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 Problem Causes Solution
Insufficient air flow Incorrect fan rotation Check the direction of rotation
as shown on the nameplate
Sudden changes of direction in Assess System Effect.
the duct near the fan drain or
pre-rotation of the fluid due to
the elbow duct at the inlet.
Inlet flow regulator installed Make sure the flow regulator is
incorrectly installed with the air intake in
the direction of rotation of the
impeller when partially closed
(see 7.2.17)
Fan power unexpectedly low Correct one or more of the
following conditions:
 pre-rotation of the fluid at
the fan inlet;
 resistance to fluid passage
higher than calculated
(caused for example by a
closed damper).
Performance with Fan power unexpectedly high. Make sure that the fan speed
excessive capacity is not too high. Correct one or
more of the following
conditions:
 the fan is treating ambient
air while it was designed
for hot or less dense air;
 excessive pressure drop
assessments (slow down
the rotational speed of the
fan or close the dampers
partially).

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12. ATEX
12.1 Warnings

DANGER
Zones 0, 1 and 2 refer to gas while zones 20, 21 and 22 refer to dust.
Zone 0 A place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air of
flammable substances in the form of gas, vapour or mist is present continuously or
for long periods or frequently.
Zone 1 A place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air of
flammable substances in the form of gas, vapour or mist is likely to occur in normal
operation occasionally.
Zone 2 A place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air of
flammable substances in the form of gas, vapour or mist is not likely to occur in
normal operation but, if it does occur, will persist for a short period only.
Zone 20 A place in which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of combustible dust
in air is present continuously, or for long periods or frequently.
Zone 21 A place in which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of combustible dust
in air is likely to occur in normal operation occasionally.
Zone 22 A place in which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of combustible dust
in air is not likely to occur in normal operation but, if it does occur, will persist for a
short period only.
ATTENTION: CHOOSING TO INSTALL A FAN THAT COMPLIES OR DOES NOT COMPLY WITH THE ATEX
DIRECTIVE 2014/34/UE IS AT THE DISCRETION OF THE END USER, WHO WILL ASSUME
FULL RESPONSIBILITY.
Before installing the fan, you must:
1) Perform a risk assessment of the environment in which it will be installed;
2) identify the type of hazardous atmosphere present in the environment (gas or dust);
3 define the zones (see):
• for atmospheres subject to the presence of gases, refer to zones from 0 to 2 (from
high to low risk of explosion);
• for atmospheres subject to the presence of dust, refer to zones from 20 to 22 (from
high to low risk of explosion);
4) define the product category (1-2-3) (see Directive 99/92/EC);
5) check the correspondence of data shown on the nameplate affixed to the fan.

Protection
ZONE Atmosphere Group Category Temperature Class
Method
ZONE 1 Gas II 2G c T1 - T6
ZONE 2 Gas II 3G c T1 - T6
ZONE 21 Dust II 2D c T 125 or >
ZONE 22 Dust II 3D c T 125 or >

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12.2 Construction features
The fans that comply with Directives 2014/34/UE are designed to prevent the formation of sparks
as a result of the friction between the rotating and fixed parts.
The features below must be checked before installing the fan:
1) Copper/brass/aluminium plates between the inlet cone and the impeller;
2) Copper/brass/aluminium rings:
• Between the casing and the electric motor shaft;
• (On indirect drive fans only) Between the pulleys and the guard;
3) (On indirect drive fans only) Adequate belts;
4) (For fan with kW>11 only) Welded casing;
5) Grounding (loose parts). It is necessary to check the connection of the fan with a
grounding system.

12.3 Internal and External zones

According to the classification of the external zone in which the fan is installed and the internal
zone of the machine, the 2014/34/UE directive defines the technical and constructive
requirements of ATEX fans.

Note: If motor is operated by inverter, it is necessary to provide and install PTC or PT100.

INTERNAL EXTERNAL
CLASSIFICATION APPLICATION CLASSIFICATION APPLICATION
ZONE GROUP ZONE GROUP
ZONE 1 2G
ZONE 1 2G
ZONE 2 3G
GAS

NO-ZONE
ZONE 2 3G ZONE 2 3G
ZONE 1 2G
NO ZONE ZONE 2 3G
ZONE 21 2D
ZONE 21 2D
ZONE 22 3D
NO-ZONE
DUST

ZONE 22 3D ZONE 22 3D
ZONE 21 2D
NO ZONE ZONE 22 3D

The HDF S.r.l. Fan is designed, built and uses suitably sized components to ensure high reliability
over time.
Failure to comply with the maintenance schedule and incorrect use of the Fan (as indicated in this
manual) may cause damages to the components.
When replacing parts, always use original spare parts that can be ordered directly from HDF
S.r.l.
The use of non-original spare parts will render the warranty void and can also affect the proper
operation of the Fan.

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12.3 Atex Marking – Name plate
Below is an example of ATEX marking adopted by HDF.

Equipment protection level Gas: Gb, Gc

II 2G Ex h IIB T4 Gb Equipment protection level Dust: Db, Dc

GAS - Maximum surface temperature:

T1: Maximum surface temperature = 450°C
T2: Maximum surface temperature = 300°C
T3: Maximum surface temperature = 200°C
T4: Maximum surface temperature = 135°C
DUST - Maximum surface temperature:
T xxx: Maximum surface temperature = xxx°C

Gas Group: IIA or IIB

Dust Group: IIIA, IIIB or IIIC

Level of constructive protection

ATEX Category (GAS): 2G or 3G

ATEX Category (DUST): 2D or 3D

Application Group II: other sites different from

underground (Group I)
ATEX symbol EX h correspondence to Non electrical type of protection constructional safety 'c‘

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 HDF S.r.l.
FACTORY
Via Nazionale 5/C
Zona Industriale
23030 Chiuro (SO)
ITALY

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