Scribd
Upload
2 views5 pages

Biology Practice MaterialTTO Grade 1 TKLChapter 4

The document covers the classification of living organisms into taxonomic groups, detailing the five kingdoms: Bacteria, Protists, Fungi, Animals, and Plants. Each kingdom is described with its characteristics, including reproduction methods and examples of organisms within each group. The document also includes review questions for further study and understanding of the material.

Uploaded by

riengjellydjaoenisidora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views5 pages

Biology Practice MaterialTTO Grade 1 TKLChapter 4

The document covers the classification of living organisms into taxonomic groups, detailing the five kingdoms: Bacteria, Protists, Fungi, Animals, and Plants. Each kingdom is described with its characteristics, including reproduction methods and examples of organisms within each group. The document also includes review questions for further study and understanding of the material.

Uploaded by

riengjellydjaoenisidora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Biology practice material TTO grade 1 TKL Chapter 4: Classification

Chapter 4.1: Classification

Classification: organize similar kinds of things together

In the biology scientist organize living things, they divide them into groups called
taxonomic groups.
In taxonomy, different groups are called taxons.

There are 7 important taxons

The largest taxon

The smallest taxon

Review question 1 p.82 and study notes.


Chapter 4.2: The 5 kingdoms

All organisms on Earth belong to one of 5 kingdom:


1. Bacteria
2. Protist
3. Fungi
4. Animal
5. Plants 1 2 3

A protist is a small single – celled or multi – celled organism that has a


nucleus.
Review question 5 p.83 and study notes.
Chapter 4.3: The kingdom of bacteria

Characteristics of bacteria
1. They are microscopic, single – celled organisms without a nucleus.
2. They have cell walls and cell membranes
3. They reproduce by division
4. They can be shaped like rods, spheres and spirals
5. Some are useful, some are harmful.
Review question 7 p.83 and study notes.
Page 1 of 5
Chapter 4.4: The kingdom of protists

A group of protists known as algae can be single – celled or multi – celled and can make
their own food.

Many single – celled protists move around using a whip – like tail called a flagellum.
Some multi – celled protists live as colonies, they swim together as a unit, such as
Volvox.
Some protists can cause disease, these are called parasites.

Review question 11 – 12 – 13 p.86 and study notes.


Chapter 4.5: The kingdom of fungi

Characteristics of fungi
1. They have cell walls and cell membranes.
2. They have a nucleus
3. They can be single – celled or multi- celled
4. They have to find food and take in food
5. They reproduce by division; multi-celled by making spores
6. They can be useful. To cure bacterial infection by antibiotics, yeast for making beer,
wine and bread
7. They can feed on and remove remains of dead organisms
8. They can make threads, called moulds
9. They can be edible
10. They can be harmful and cause disease, called parasites.

study notes
Chapter 4.6: The kingdom of animals

Characteristics of animals
1. They have cell membranes
2. They have a nucleus
3. They are multi-celled
4. They have to find and take in food
5. They have sexual reproduction
6. They can be divided into 2 taxons: invertebrates without a backbone and
vertebrates with a backbone
There are 2 groups of invertebrates:
1. Invertebrates with no skeleton or legs:
- Sponges
- Cnidarians ( jellyfish) ( they have tentacles with stinging cells to paraliyse prey
and push it into their mouths)
- Worms
- Molluscs ( snails) ( some of them, like oysters have 2 shells to protect their soft
bodies)
- Echinoderm(starfish) ( their body can be divided into 5 identical parts)
Page 2 of 5
2. Invertebrates with an exoskeleton and jointed legs, the arthropods
- Myriapods ( a millipede) ( their body are divided into segments and each
segment have a pair of legs)
- Crustaceans (a crab) ( they live in water and have gills for breathing oxygen)
- Arachnids ( a spider) ( They have 2 main body parts with 4 legs attached to the
front section and 4 pairs of eyes)
- Insects ( a housefly) ( they have 3 body parts: head, thorax and abdomen. They
have 3 pairs of legs and 2 pairs of wings attached to the thorax)
Instead of second pair of wings, flies have a pair of halteres to keep them stable
during flight.

The vertebrates can be divided in 5 groups:


1. Fish
2. Amphibians
3. Reptiles
4. Birds
5. mammals

Group characteristics
Fish They live in water
Eggs with soft outer coverings, fertilized externally
Cold – blooded( their body temperature changes with the
temperature of their body)
Bodies are covered with wet, slimy scales
Breathe using gills

Amphibians Able to live in water and on land


Eggs with soft outer coverings, fertilized externally
Cold – blooded
Skin is moist and wet
Larva breathe using gills, adults use lungs

Reptiles Live on land


Eggs have leathery shells, fertilized internally
Cold – blooded
Skin is covered with dry, hard scales
Breathe using lungs

Birds Eggs have hard, chalky shells, firtilised internally


Warm – blooded
Skin is covered with feathers
Breathe using lungs

Mammals Give birth to live young


Warm – blooded
Skin is covered with hair or fur
Live on land or are aquatic such as dolphins
Page 3 of 5
They feed their young with breast milk

Review question 18 – 19 – 26 - 29 – 30 – 32 – 33 – 35 p.86 -94 and study


notes.
Chapter 4.7: The kingdom of plants
Characteristics of plants
- plants have cell walls and cell membranes
- they have a nucleus
- they can make there own food ( inside the chloroplast)

Plants can be divided into 2 taxons: plants which make spores and plants which make
seeds.
Plants which make spores are non – flowering plants.
There are 2 groups:
1. Mosses and liverworts
2. ferns

Mosses and liverworts


- have simple leaves
- they do not have proper stems or roots
- they make spores inside spore capsules

Ferns
- they have leaves, roots and strong stems
- they make spores inside patches called sporangia

Plants which make seeds can be divided into 2 groups:


1 non – flowering plants
2 flowering plants

Non – flowerings plants


- are called conifers
- their seeds are naked and develop in cones
- their leaves are needle – shapes to minimize water loss

Flowering plants
- have flowers that contains organs for sexual reproduction
- their sperm cells are contained in pollen
- their seeds are fertilized egg cells which are kept inside the fruit.

Review question 39 – 42 p.99 – 100 and study notes.

Answer the following questions:

Page 4 of 5
question 1 p.82
question 5 p.83
question 7 p.83
question 11 – 12 – 13 p.86
question 18 – 19 – 26 - 29 – 30 – 32 – 33 – 35 p.86 -94
question 39 – 42 p.99 – 100

Page 5 of 5

You might also like