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P block notes ( JEE Mains )

The document discusses the properties and trends of P-block elements, including their electronic configurations, atomic size, ionization energy, electronegativity, and oxidation states. It highlights the differences in reactivity and stability among elements like boron and aluminum, as well as the chemical reactions they undergo with water and acids. Additionally, it covers the structural characteristics of allotropes of carbon, such as diamond and graphite, and their respective chemical behaviors.

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24 views40 pages

P block notes ( JEE Mains )

The document discusses the properties and trends of P-block elements, including their electronic configurations, atomic size, ionization energy, electronegativity, and oxidation states. It highlights the differences in reactivity and stability among elements like boron and aluminum, as well as the chemical reactions they undergo with water and acids. Additionally, it covers the structural characteristics of allotropes of carbon, such as diamond and graphite, and their respective chemical behaviors.

Uploaded by

sonisarthak505
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© © All Rights Reserved
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P- Block elements ___simee Bm owt Bate ~ AB (7) Gap 2 Elechoste confiquraken B8 SH Tel 2s?.26! J metallotds |) Non ball Ae ste Tne] 2x ap\ meses Gq sue CArT act Us? YP] tr rn Metals | - CkrJ Ud!? ss? sel h acti Lxe] wll sal® @s2 pl \ivious Trends - W) Atomic — Sfee- Expectel order- [BeAr Gazing Actual order - BaGacne zIncth Reason Que to poor Skielding. of Zel-elechons Miled before Gi mela ,%e Sze Aecreases » ae \PB UP) Tontzaton Energy - <> Eqelel ode- (By savant a) Rebel oder [BY hy Gay aty inl (RITE Lid, FIITIEE House, 29°A, Kalu Sara, Sarveprva Vinay New Dee1TOO1E Ph? O11-A0IASA7HTS ebate ee com p : SS FIITIEE Reason. Due te poor Shfeleling of Be ud, SA,uf electors, the Zelt In Faljum neseases, us fis DE overcom all the element ob group except Boren. lie Electonegatiutty - metal a | Order (en In? Gay Ag of EN + Pon- metal Reasen~ Born has hohes+ En , because Ts a. Non- metal — on gotng- clown He gong Aue te goor skieleting of Alt © Ze CD. Frus EN also Iereases Qu) Metiing Point - : Order of M.p- (a? aes hy Iny Ga Reasn- Boren has exceptionally — Righ mp Kany Te has network. SolV Structure » B Biz Ico Sahedral untts \ aw } 2 Ci2 Corners 4 20 faces) a a = B A) NIL fe6 Lid, FUFTIEE House, 29-4, Rahs Sara Savoprpa Vihar Now Dev TTOOTa, Phy OTST "range Led, FUT “Sar New ITT \V) Oxidation — State- 8 . AQ bq An fh Note- Oder of Stabritty- \ Reasen- FIITJEE General electronic con Fgura ns? nel : \*3] os only [$3] Os only. 3] 41 os fal 4 os +3, [41] os The stability of 4202 Rnereases down the Grup, while Stabiitly Sf +3 OS decreases down the — group [est 7 A034 7 Gott 7 Intty ost] Bt< Ag didt cTolt < Gt Bue 4o poor Shielaing of ancl 4-subshet Clechons, the ng elochrong, becomes tre. jo parficieate fa bonding. Wis eltect fe called Aner - folic effect Due fo Tret- Rate ettect, love, os \he betwomes more Stable than higher OS down Group: (aT) Dendy On gefng dawn the Ore, ARNSiy Frcrens "PRUE Lid, FITIEE Hous, 2-4 Ka Saal, Tae ED Serie Wash Daron Ps FIUITIEE Chemical - Reackong'-~ ——ReerckSon Only Of B, AL only, @) Reacton with = Afr- 7 BAR + diy —— No Reaation AL RT Reasens- Boron donot react With ofr at Room temperature clue to Tts Network~ Solfgh Stuctue, While — Alumfntum do not react with afy Gt Rt due to formation of pProtectfoe layer of Oxfale on tHselt- 2 Note: se BR OA aay Baa + Bn kb Born nihfero AR Air Sy Akos Adu miinfum OnTAQ GP) Reaction uth wate - BIRR A WS —) te Reaction AlkaliiGase — AR+ Naok ——»4 Aa + Ho @ Sdi UT) Reacion wtih aan Aluminaje Bamorpnt NOCH —a NaBoa + Ho ® Bor NS Tae a IRE Ho I Ra Sa Sr ia ew eC TTOTS PROT PFTTD Noter- Boiysait® ne ANON Rx ( Due +e networls eoie | ete ht FIITIEE Yo) Reachon wrth Acid- Bote do nok react With oflute OGds. Eb only reacts With Gone, acids 4G +4 Ba Conc, H2Soy ——y H3B0, 4 S02 or i Ack asap Bot), Borie adke{ ( Brion hydyewte) +S 4 Be Come HNOSg ——4 BloWlg + Rox or : 4 Act aso. A BO, Ce Boncackel 3 ° Due to peteelive la PRe WE) ALU +2 onic Ms 7 Noten. cht RY Baer etennert | element ie Wydrido{ element Paltiala ar boo eA Ren ea ay: Beto, Hyelroxclg aur Os x ef Extraction ot Boront- Gy) Frm Borax: Naz Budz.toH2o + tone. he —_, Ha Roa Sey (Boracay HaBo. A , eee eo ay M8Ot Ca, Blous, Bown 7 Bor 21D Or§ 2 mae, RY Gay net Se “AINE Lid, PTYEE Howse, 298, Kala Sarah Sarprpa Vaz New Dec Ti001@ PR O11-IESTITS vette com FLITIEE | Ai) From Colemantte Ore? - 2CarBgOu + BNastoattas ——j Nay.04-0 Hoo Colemanite ore (Borax ) (2000 428202 ) CNoeot Cory *~ Cacoxd +Nagos A Borax ecole WaRBo, — 4 Boog ‘ {atee | (Boren ) NN FIITJEE (Wy Grroup= AW Elechortte tonfiguredtion of A Cc CHe9 2822p? Non-metal ; a= gs Cnejas%ge> a Metellovd Giily Gre TRY) us*ye a Spy Ukr] ss2se2 oT +7 e | Meter Uae Py Uxe] 65? 6p? Viowous “Trends - Uy Atomic Roefti _ Ovdey - J CKST2 MESH EG|_ 219 Wi> Toriigation enéigy = . ann Exfented orsler ears Ge Sn 0 a e( <9 Sees See Bree, REQson~ Due to poor sWielding A dt eochans Py wa RG Fell) pIncreases, Thus LE alge increases - ; IGG Led, FLITIEE House, 29-8, Kala Sara Sle Vn Rw Dane Pa OS ‘website wmnfger.com " FIITIEE \it) Elechvoneg ati utty te » Order- (Cy Phy Sie heasn Reasoi=- pe has Scohonally high Ew,due te Perr SHieleling of ~ wt lechons : Wr melting point - Order of me- [ersty mey eoysn fon $ J Reogon - Caxtontrermaiium Silicon has high imp. gecause A Ofsls Yn Networks -Solfal “ Nekuorte, Ge CU high mp than Sn, due to Foor StRelding of Ut eochrong . > #9 920290) > > 900 Wy ORdalfer> statel= General etechonite Conbgureihbi~- . “nsaneb c= Che 28°29? OS only Sl & THe 3s? 2p2 ANY OS only Ge ~ tay) Us2upe 42.08. Sne UK ss? sp2(aiud®) 42 08 Po ~ Wer 65% GF (ali yal® uss!) se] os [oe Stabile, OF/42 OS.) Frereases down the grup, Wie Stability Of 44 08) cleereases clown the greup- "AIC Lad, FUTIBE Henze, 2A, Kal Sra, Sarapipa Via New Dei 110016 Ph? OL-@2R347H73 eb: wife. i Allotwres:- he Hhlerent —-Physfca\_ Stetes OF an element axe calle —allofwepes Of phat eLament. FIITIEE A\\ohepes of Caybon :~ D Cystattine @D Amorphous. > Pramend| 4 Carbon- black, A Graghtte > AcAPuaked Cheircoa| Fullerenes aot jz ues or oke < ton alo Uti) Fuilerenes!- Fullerenes aye made by heating. graphic tn Gn elechie Oe IN presenca of Yet Qasr. Frey axe the only Pure form OF Carton ~ Teey do not have “dangting? Gonds (do not hae f*8@ valency) - Re general formula of — fullerenes > Cn. ALL Cardone PA fullerenes Netel- j2 Ss -membered Ang Gre se? Hybreliseot nH Order oF fFrenmedynamic stabflity — . hraphitey piamendy Pullerene| FIITJEE Chemical Reactions? ~ WH Reaction ust AW: Al) elemente Qererally tom : types of onthe, Pe enonaxdie . AMO and afoxtle mos. &, @2 , Sos, Geos, een Acidic. : oxides Ce SIO, Geo, neual east vi ba oxide only Aciefic ORT) — ome UW?) Reactor with, water. Ce | 4 CIS Ge bee x Cro Reaction ) Reason’: Bue fo networks gofth-struchwe of Sse we, . Hoo clo not reach: 1 49 bem yon a PGE + Heo 1%) CNo, teactfon 7 Reosent- 86 donot reach Wik -iuatoy due to Proteckve — Sim of. Ode Stsett 3 Sr 42H y SMO2 4 ha B (Shean ) : : NE ad, FITTEE Ha, Re Sa, Saar Rex DOR TTOOG PTT FIITIEE Lith) Reaction with Halegens:!s All elements Generally. form = {wo types of halides Mee aad MxXY (X= F,@,BrT) - Note! Carbon clo got yeact directly with halogens to form — Haltile | SSxa 7 Gexvuy Snxuy Poxs | Stability, order with Nog Gu og) sroblitty order ih (+208) i Ss FU 77 Bw TPafon) Skebuitig » orcler Most Of MXG tralfdes are rcovatént © Pr nature | Notel- excaph Snfu, PbFy (Torife. compound ) ar pang Ie. - Conder oh, FOFRUES - Condition, Of bedrolydis -_ Electron Aeticvent - Centre (48 eat ae) muck have low eNeray vacant orbital: ® sheave Crowding Should noth Be present. She 4 HR0 A USFe- Hoo} x > Sheare croweltna, althoush > | ) Se has (ow nergy Vacant orbs 10, i TAIIEE Tad, PITTED House, 2-4, Kau Saal, Sarvepriva Vihar, New DeIn-T10016, Ph O1-#9283471/73 neale:womefjecom Parra eran oH ° FIITIEE ; he Wp TRE ge J q * PRY Doe " @ . et *BY20 oo pyn2 Vt a ree wo } 8h s 2 &n x - xT d y9 XO etre Ga AS CERqQ Cannot be Hidnlysed Because, eotbon alo Nee have lew enegy — vacant! orbital, FAG soc, Py, HEBy, —) aly Hydolersecal . 1 Ine — kgao% tendency to \frte one Another hrough Covalent ' ‘age . Tea\\eak Catenation: Codenation Tendency: “Fhe Bend to form Cheng i 29> Order of Catena BAD 1 Reasen- fhe Cakenatton Fendency decreases alatn bre Sroup becouse due ts nerease Th eee over. °, 2 » Haus Roads Are WEAK. Le raat 1S Poor Lack (PE) ste e Shou Cadena hon rola ne a fure)- ‘5h Kal Sar, Saneprba Vihar. Nev DanCIWGI6 BeTOTT Baa ‘PUTSEE Led, FHTTIEE | " -webalte: www fligee.com ” 3 oer, Rael Gyroup-is e€ Wow? — 15 Electronic Configuration N News The} 282° ‘| Non- meted Pe Papey UNel 32 2e> | 10, TArtad eyes | “s as Metallcids | So as Tkry yalss? $e BY aaa) Uxel ai! sal® 6s? 6e2 | meta — Navtous Thends ~ @) Alonfe Sze - | Orde, - (were ase exer] f 20 | UW) Torfgation — energy ~ Te NY PF Asy Sey BP Ui?) Flecho negativity _ NV P7 As7 SOX BP Reason, a6 ZR has almost same EN Aue fe ne i "AIEE Lad, FITIEE House, 29-4, Kalu Sara, Sarapriva Vinay New Delnt 110006, Ph: O17 -19289471 " ~ UL ek BO FIITIEE Gv) Odafer Stater~ General elechyeric contiguralfon of Gwoug IS chement ‘Ts ns? np, | 7 Fhe most common 0-8 af Group 1s ekement ts =, 4B ond AS OS - wile the Stadt lity of +33 CESSos decreases down the grue & 43 O8 ‘ncieass clown we groug clue te Inert ~ Paty etteck. he Sebi CL -S OS aecreses clown the duete Frcrecae ty “ poe metali® character ON +a os Common os) 4S 0-5 K C Nitrogen do not fora Compounds TW 450-5 because Sk absence Of A orbitals) Nile. NPhogen €xibils Uakable OS Im —S to eyo | S| GeO2 | Gon S(S @We | Ge] ‘Rees f HI 3 = sop } 42| 42 ay ae only. compounel of Bismuth M 4508 Py OTs - Nolet; In Coase of Nitrogen... all oxidation — Lheter Wem 41 fo 44 bend! fo lfsproprtionate th AKA solution, —_ Redbeat Wes — > WWost tweo % NO ee * oxidalfon Se "Fitdee Lid, FIITIEE Howse, 29-A, Kalu Sara, Seraprba Vihar Nov Dome - Sane DeI-L10016, Ph: O1AD2BD4TITTS ere Generally mp € BP ® down the group hom Qroue \s-|l&. FLITIEE WW) Being point ~ Oder of Be-| N&PLASS BIZSG os Reason The be generally Pncreas : coum he, qrour - PWT) meting PIAE- Qo Pa genet SiR) Order of Mmep- | nz P< BP AY he elements of Group \S form Hydacles OL Vhe type Mis, where m= NP, As, 86, BF } 7a We stability. ot ydicles decreases Wom Nia ts Bing. Con Increasing Kee, bona length Increases Ws Bond dlissocialon energy also decreases —) Sabi Wry clecrease ) > Whe reducing character Of hYydncles Pnereases | rem NHR TO BY Ha. ( Tencleney bo dlonacte Biyetegil Atom — Inereases —) Naw fs mild realudag agen} wile Bs fe Swongest— Reducing a amen ea iyeviher ) Nge MG AYend- Ameni > Basketty order - Nay PHay Asha Sbhay Bits \ Lp in se Drags . molecuy hyo ndfsedd iS s ‘ orulal LR TW PU S-CVEQ) CSleregchenfaally \ Anackve |-) Cawnt be chonaye @Xily 'FUTIEE House, 2°, Kala Sara Sarvoproa Vihar New Deir TTOOTG FT Tisee Li, 7 ‘New Dab 10016 Ph O1F-28347175 FIITIEE A Bend angle ovdex - Niey Pisy Astay Sth ay RYH: ty diage méleculesas the size of Cenhal Atom Fnereases bor Angle decreases CBewmes approx, fe qo° ) Boiling of Nddlex @ mass CpRmary ) RD be bonakfay Seco nolary Boiling, pont Orde: — ( " a Bikey S27 Nay Asha PH2 Reason-— ye fo high EN and “small size, rinyegen Exmibivs H- bonding Tn sali as Well ae Kaui state, thettere NHS hos Hoh tp that Asha cd Pis- 4 melt” Pdi oh Hyder ere (Reavy @® ye bonding NH3Y BTHa7 S6H34 AsH3y! PHa Reesen- Due fo H-bonding Pr Nits, He me Oo NHS i” 2, ° © oO yvoup-ts etomenk is Whe TR Wydwdes of 9 OUP "AIEEE Lid, PITTIEE House, 2A, Kal Sere, Sarvapriva Vihar, New Delht 110016, Ph? O11-4928947173 ebste wmfileecom () Reackutty towards Oxygent-- AL Clements Grey form oxides of type mag AX M20s 7a We oftde % Higher OS aye more Addie than lower 0.9 CP noe AN ove aia J 2 pe a ee > Re acide Character decreases down the Jroup CUmetalte characler ® y a The ofdes of \ype M20, of Niwegen ain oh Phesp s Be add&e A gag AXE Amehserte Anal those A bE are GaSe fn nature. 7 Ve w&des Tn lower eee rrr Oger C Tendency fo ofdize Tse to +S) oe ce oe aoe D acks as onteein, agent Cle nctency te tedluce Teselh fo ta) cite, Reackvity towards. Valogeng:~ > AN the eldments © group is form hates Cr type mxs and ‘ MXs -Wwhete Mme N, & As 86,8) A Nihogen due to UNnavailabifity OF dont ays. deo nor form Penta halticle . > Pentahalticles poet? Mere Covalent — than Wrhal tiles Rew DeIn-I10016, Ph TASES ‘webae wom coe 5 FIITIEE Pyramidal <& fentahalitdes Rgonal Bipyramdal Ya Shape. - _, ool Gonoh 2 | — ae equiterio) /\> » C= r 4 Tehallidec ave are bore] ~~) Nive a w@ | Py yamicde| (ren wo \ stare) Bond length ereler PR? PE bacactan 3 AN ve are Yhe twhalltcles OF ee eLoments e ie excep Niwegen Conly NES Una bt hemey + BN Afhalifeles are covalent fm nature excopd Batts (metallic Chorceeny ttle (ou \e Ss an Pies: (rus —S— Pst W| Wy Reackuity towards — Metalat. Ste bg fa ]xfsis. all bioger AIL Me ekements Track With metals to foren, Binary Compounds SKhibiting -ZO.8- Ex, Cosme — (colefum Nitvele ) Saf (Calgur Phosphicle 4 NasAs — CSodfum Arsenfola J Znars (ine antimeniols | Mgs0h, | Magnesium Gfemuthfoley ‘eh, FITIEE Howse, 29-8, als Sra rouse ame . 5 Saraprva Vihar Now Deh 110016 Ph 00 eb: mafic —plTsee | Allotropes:. Tn grup is alt the elements Sho ° Wali, except nitrogen. Wwe Stucly on “thy ot — PhosPhowus - 4 lg Phosphorus ; \_ trnafor ) Dultte ele ) Reel U5 Blact Phesphons Phosphorus Phesphone @O wuhite Phosphorus: ° . e 4 S Phosphouus Fs a translucent white Waxy Solid. Caters ant to Pos, Sut net transparent) > & fs Pksonous Insoluble oy wocder but Soluble Ta Cavbon cHisutehide Cosa) . 7 ER Blows fn clorts (clemfluminescence or prashe 2 8 S Qa Wnert > TF aAXesowes 8h Naw Solution Mi atmosphere fo dive petenous got canted Phosphine (Pay: H Su 4 ZNaotatt2o 5 prgy Natio Cutie phesthonusy 3 soofum eee CPhosphine ) 3H) ee OYUN! — C yporhose i Nhe Phosphorus less stable % 4 Ph kite hep "a 2 W a) Uohite — Phosphorus react = UWTIh — ChlePne fe QPoe Ps, ane ePUs + re Fan eatin ) ae FIITIEE yy readily tex St Chee . white cdlense — dumes tre Yn ay to grve of Pudi ° eos a= Pur So —\ Roo o=P7 © (exes) (White clense Sd yr) fumes poe 4 Oa im Pade K-22 ) Red reopens & pte! 3 oT is ebtatnal by heating uokite — Phesphorus Ot “saa Ain an Aner atmosphere for Several ayes Sh temp ) > WV i odowles , \non Pdisonous, Ancol Insoluble Se eth «water anch Carbon Asulehicle 9 Th Te much less reacttue than White Phosphows . , > YF Aves nek Slows | fy dark - 4 Keating OL Redd curcler high Pressure Gee Slack Phosphorus - Structure oh Red — Phosphoruc:. N, 2. £<] p< =e Vv Red Phosphorus has Polymeric Sthucture, Consics§, Chetirs Of FY unvts: (AMEE Led, FUTIRE Hou, 2A, Kalu Soa, a Saati Vay Nev Dei T1016 Pm HOMIE = PN eS FIITJEE 4 DP > \ O09 { Ut) Blackk Phos sue a UPN swnbsh, Ne a ee tO > — csphors RS two fH A- Black > Black And B-Black. 3 A-Black phosphows Te obteines ©y hes, Yea~ Phosyroms at Bos WW A Saleh tube. AB Black Phosphorus Fe obt cine by heating white -Phesphorus at UES IK Under HfSh Pressur (Liew temp ) i Th dlees not react Lith avr: = obitty. order— Blak 7 Reh TF White Phosphowes Phospho vs. Phose howe. Hy T StabhPhy —, FIITIEE -16 (nrour Elechone. contigutertion © a THe 257 2e4 gs Rew) Tne] 292 apy a se AT TAvy al? us? ue! Te 7A Lag ual? AM Ss? SPY m AST keq sdlestl ese 6 pv RON Vavfous “Tends - Q) Atomic Rate - ho OA ovder- DLAS< See TE< Po Atomic orbitals © a Re ® LW) Tonte Rady — Ovdee - \ Ores Fhe Stabitty of -2 O08 decreases down the Prup due to erease Tn metedlte Cheracter + A he Stebiity OF +6 OS decreases aanch Stekilitsy OL HH OS Fncreases alown” the group due fo Snewt parr eHedt - ~~ (AMTIEE Lid, PITTIEE House, 29-4, Kau Sra, Sarvgrva Vika, New Delhi l10016, Pk? O11-#928307179 webaite FIITIEE Anomalous Behaviour of Oxygen— 7 Small size, high eloclronegattutty - + Due to absence af d-owttal TH has Jow Covaleney (4) > Due to smatt size anol high EN, Phra gy Stent of H-bonding. Chemfeal Reackons - Vo?) Reaakutty url — Uydrogen- All elements oF Group 1G town hydndles oF the tyre = Me or Hem. , ™ =Co,&,Se, Te) Woo Wes, bese, HeT]e Bond length oer- [Hooc esc Hasez. RaTe Bond enemy - (R284 WS7 HeSey Hele Adidie Charackr- [Mooctis Ee Se eTel Recluding nature - Never BW Ql Lydia, ecaogt He? Shows veslucing property IG i, FITTER Hse, 3° Ra ara Sarva Vi Nes De TTSONS SSS Bar sae ? ‘New Deine 110016, Ph: O11 -2BOATIT FIITJEE heameal Stab ltty — (Woo Hest Hose He Te Bond Ang - (bee 7 H2Sy —— tou! SDs “Sy Porat — a se te high molar Aue te H-bonatng ) ae Nokety The Boiling Point of feo Fx Brals Lose ) but etfing Point of Hes Ye less Lhan Boole ( pes. fs gas at Room temp. 1 Must have BP less LO) UT) Reactivity with Oygent- An the, ehement oh Sroup 16 tom oxides OL Ye Ayre MOz anck MOa.: . u Ma Se, Te, Po] ~ aM x SOz Beoo. a sy 46 | AN Oxides are Adidte | => da 05 an nature (AUD Lad, FITTTEE House, 2A, Ral Sarah, Sarvaprna Vihar New Delht 110016, PR O1-P9209471173, webalte: wmf com ee FIITIEE Order ok vedudng. nature’ Soo Y Sed. Ved. (As stotie) CS Less stablp Trent pap, Hee th ReacButy wih Halegens!= UL elements. of group \6 forms — hait&les Of the Aype ™ x6 . MXu, M%o Stabilfty of heute = 7 © Roker. My trecafluofdes AE Stable Among Hexheltidles (gaseous > TeraHlowrseuasy, Sera tify TERY Ceclta (vee Se ) Shape ~ Gee oe) Noyes ey alse form monohalttier which exis th, Amer form and AS proportionate on healing, SUG Ream oy SeR Seq Rede, 4S Sey Sechy ORaAdaBon FIRE Lad, FITTEE Hote, 2°, Kale Sra Soroprba Vee Ws BRS —— eae yas New DCLIOOT6 PR OLTTESTTOTS yall the elements Of Qrup (6 Shows allohe es. | we WE study only allotropes of Sule iitvee 2 aiorropes:= Sulphur forms Numerous OL which Sulehure — FE ose allolwpes | Out rhombic - sulphur Ancol Monoclinic Fongottaal + Sulphur aan Crystalline Amorphous Altctropes Allohopes 3 FB sulPhure Monoelt rie 3 Collotol Sulphuy sulehur ) 4 Plastic sulphur ~) @-Sulehur ( thomeic Sulphur ) 364K A- Sulphur = B-sulphur CRhombic ) Cmonoctinie J The -Wansion — temperature ef wsulphur fo Be sulphur fs above 364K. as (a) Rhomnbie (a-Sulphuc) (6) Monoclinve (B-Sulphus >) Sura Sulphur + Both are olimagneke Pr nature. ~) Both are Frsctuble fa water . 2 Beth are yeadlily soludly % Cer. 4 MP order B-Sulphur 7 x- Sulphur = Boy have a SS FIITIEE Sg Molecules ‘exigy TH Both sore > ) oe ® Rhomeee. C® Monoelinic. Sulphur Su Iphur ~ Puckerecl Shucture } L ( Crown Shope _) ey SNL ae ss) Ness Seog tems per ting have bean Sym thesized, \ Se Cher form ) Session 2 (Se) Bonk lenghh - ar OMY Crown. Sg Heat SB Temp.7 Joools \ Raya mag neh Species \ike O2 ) Fl FIITIEE Gyoup- \ Slechonic cenfrouration Fe MWe] 287 2e° & Lier 2s? ae5 Br Lar) Salo us? ues eae r Ckxa ual®ss? SeS As Urea ut sal® 6s? 69> Gyoues-t+ Cloment® Ore called Balogens - \afous Arends - @) Arente SFze - Ficg CBr T Gio Tor zation energy - (Raat vy ARF) Clearon A SY Expectes order Ackual order- [Grey ers] order of seal Due to Sm = takes imal Size c © elechroric Ye pulsion S Huorene, FUs & WE SS FLUITIEE oo 1 = SO © alkinity of ‘Huorne: is lower Wan Chloitne, | (Qu) Elechroneged tty — Fra7e7t oe wy Bond Energy cr aaa Bond, order '- 4 Br @r lengh, | Actual : s order Wey Bro 7 fo Te | Reason- Bue fo small sfze of Heukne £ Pree A Lp of Muowne . C-e Tepulefor takes Nok Se much Shong | Zs greater Place, Hus e®r bond Ts OS expecteh. Thetr Pls boned eneray than ontge hom Tooling Wy) Bond length- — eee” 24 Kae Sart Saraprpa Vis Now Dov TTOTG PROTO po | | FLITIEE Wi) MetEng Petar | Beifing Point See OS ee OOOO OS ewOOODOCO / Reaseni- Dye to large Stee of Iecline, TH oer Fenced larger Vanderwaal force od athracon With Other Tecine molecule. Here fore Fs melifag. Point | Botfng — Pott” Fnexeases - 4 Due to Ws Reason +f - gas ®&_ Gas Bue Keute} T= Sol Note. Fe-— Pale ae (4g - Parte Yellow Reason for gas ee ea Bre - Reddish Brown [fq utd = Becttation Ta- Violet Black — Sclfa Weary "AIDCE Lid, FATIEE Howe 29, Kalu Sara, Sarapiva Vihar New Deln-110016 Ph = O11-49209471/73 ebotes wmf com FIITIEE Anomalous Behaviour of Houyfne - ® Smal stze (i) Wighest Slechroneg atioty = 4 (Pauling Scale J UR) Lew Covalency (can only form —t'o/ bona J alue to absence of d-ort?tale » ofher element ef WWE Group Can expand — thetr Covalency - ey Low. Bond Dtssedalfon energy . Wy Highest Orfdiietng — Nature. | Reason Since Sayx- ve Value Mere fore Hey have tendency. XO. get reduce. Zesete ancl Oxidize Plhers Coxing power ) | RHEE La, FUTIEE Hoe 2 Rats Sarl Sovopipa Whee New DemTTOOG PROTEST ‘ebole®mfigeccom FLITIEE LUTP) Oxidieing — power '- RY QYy Bayle Fluoine (Fy Ta Shenges} and Ts Fs Wealres, Ckdizing agent. This fs thafected by decrease Tn Reduction clechroalg Potential Se’ value , WIT) Heat of Hidtetfont: The heat ol hydration of Wall¥olg for decreases ag We sfze of halogen Prareases - Order Oo Year of Hydtaton- Prevery o- (MINE Lid, FITTIEE House, 29-A, Kal Sarat Scrvpria Vikan New Daine 100T@ Ph O1TOTRNTITA ‘nebte! wm fie cont FIITIEE Group 18 Blectrone configuration (27 nPS) \Qoninnn eames : except Helfum Me is] Ne \S@ 257 op Ry \s2oc2 206 aa ape Kr \s2 2s22p6 as? 26 agio0 ust yps xe \S? 202 2p6 a> a6 anil? us? Ups ud!® Uf Bs? spb fa \S® 25? ep as2 ape ad!® Us* ape ual! = 4 \ 6 Roctoactve UL cs2 sp6 sdle es2 6P et. able gas Radon (Rn does not Non-meta i 4G * a occur eA ertmesehenre» on metals. Physfcal trends ~ Dy samen © CRackieac#t ve) (TF Atomic radii- Hee Nez Ar Zr < xe] Ur) Ton?2ation = Energy- Hey NeY Ary Kr 7 Xe; Ui Beiing- Point | mellrg Point~ — Peccen!. fhe mp2 &P (BRetnez WZ ZxXE] Yncreases from He Rn, 6ECo ob fncrease (AGN Lid, PITTYEE House, 2A, Kalu Sarl Sarvopriya Vihar New Delh-110016, Ph: O11-49203671173 tate mmaaioecon P ragnifucte Of Varclerwoe| force FIITIEE 9 oo Elechon oS - UW) Election adtintty leg wih) HET Rn? XETRA TN (THe < Ra oaec tera, mel oe OR RE LE Reason- fhe elechon atfinity —Tnereases hom Hee re Because due fo Small sie ot Hefiam | and Stable configuration, V4 cloes net haue Fender RF fo accept — elechon. WW) Volatile Neture» : Nolatihke w Boiling Potnt F (key Ney BS & oKe Reeser Due do lager fae of elament- down the group . Vanderwaal forcas Prereases. thus | Boiling Point Trerease and Yoladle mature Aeresss | (WT) Laquitfeatfon of = Goses- he

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