THE l.

J"NlVERSITY OF HONG KONG

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING: LEVEL TWO EXAMINATION

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SURVEYING CTVB1004

(May 30 , 2002) TTh1E: 9 : 30 am - 12: 30 pm (3 hours)

Answer any FIVE questions

All questions carry equal marks

Use of Electronic Calculators:

Candidates taking examination that permits the use of calculators may use any
calculator which fulfils the following criteria:
(a) it should be self-contained, silent, battery-operated and pocket-sized;
(b) it should have numeral-display facilities only and should be used only for the
purpose of calculation;
(c) it should not have any printing device, alphanumeric keyboard, or graphic
display; and
(d) it should not contain any recorded data or program.
It is the candidate's responsibility to ensure that the calculator operates satisfactorily
and the candidate must record the name and type of the calculator on the front page of
the examination scripts. Lists of permitted/prohibited calculators will not be made
available to candidates for reference, and the onus will be on the candidate to ensure
that the calculator used will not be in violation of the criteria listed above.

1. Define the following terms : (a) line of collimation,

(b) level line,
(c) horizontal line, and
(d) collimation error.
(4 MARKS)

The adjustment of a level was checked by taking the following readings on a vertical
staff held in turns at stations "A" and "B" :

Level Staff Reading (m) Distance (m)

Position
A B A B
X I 1.920 2.247 . 30 70
y I 1.872 2.150 I 70 30

Determine : ( l) the instrument error of the level,

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 (2) the corrected difference in level between "A" and "B", and
(3) the staff readings if the instrument had been placed in adjustment.
(6 MARKS)

This level was then used, without making any adjustment, to determine the levels of
Stations "B" to "G". The following results were extracted from the fieldbook :

BS(m) FS(m) Remarks

us LS us LS
1.58 1.28 ~·{A : 95.36mPD
2.4 1.90 1.72 1.26 B
1.67 1.54 1.82 1.28 c
1.82 1.36 2.98 2.38 D
1.07 0.57 2.35 1.79 E
1.83 1.33 1.62 1.02 F
2.08 1.48 G
Calculate the levels of Stations "B" to "G".
(10 MARKS)

2. Tacheometry was used to determine the distance between two stations. The
staff was held vertical. The following readings were recorded :
Instrument Sighted Horizontal Vertical Stadia Readings
Station at Angle Angle (m)
(8) us LS
A X 0° 00 .. 00" 5° 30' 30" 1.75 1.05

y 90° 00' 00" 2° 12' 20" 2.05 1.05

Show that the horizontal distance (H) between the instrument station and staff is given
as
2
H = K (US-LS) cos 8 + C cos8
where K and C are the multiplying and additive constants, respectively.
(5 MARKS)

Assuming that the multiplying and additive constants to be 100 and 0 respectively,
determine (a) the distance between Stations "X" and "Y", and
(b) the difference in level between Stations "X" and "Y".
(6 MARKS)

If the error of each stadia reading is ±1 mm, calculate the standard errors of
(a) distance between Stations "A" and "X",
(b) distance between Stations "X" and "Y", and
(c) difference in level between Stations "X'' and "Y".
You can ignore the errors of other readings in your calculation.
(9 MARKS)

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3. Describe briefly how you are going to adjust a traverse.
(8 MARKS)

The following readings are measured for a traverse (Figure Q3 ):

Angle Reading Arm Length (m)

ABC 186° 29' 00" BC ?
BCD 279° 33 40" CD ?
11
CDE 117° 06' 20 DE 326.71
DEF 78° 47' 20" EF 193.47
EFG 191° 40' 50" FG j 208.26 I
FGH 244° 23' 00" I

Calculate: (b) Angular misclosure and (b) the lengths BC and CD.

Coordinates of A: 2995.85mE and 1616.18mN

Coordinates ofB: 2334.7lmE and 1747.32mN
Coordinates ofG: i 769.15mE and 2094.72mN
Coordinates ofH: 1057.28mE and 2492.39mN.
(12 MARKS)

4. To determine the coordinates of Station ''C" (Figure Q4), the following angles
were measured at Stations "A", "B" and "S" :

Angle ABC 17' 20"

Angle CAB 18' 30"
Angle CSB 130° 00' 45"
Angle ASC 164° 30"

If CS = 9 .9m, compute the coordinates of Station "C". Given:

Coordinates of Station "A": 853543.712mN; 852917.121mE

Coordinates of Station "B": 854127.634mN; 853001 lmE

5. The position of Station "P" was determined by resection. The following

angles were observed :
Angle APB: 26°10' 55"
Angle BPC: 30°36' 45"

Calculate the coordinates of Station "P". Given the following coordinates :

"A"= 851 400.52E 873 355.10N
"B" = 854 112.12E 870 925.31N
"C" 856 600.12E 874 020.32N
(12 Iv1ARKS)

At a later stage, it was found that another Station "D" with kno'Nn coordinates \Vas
visible from Station "P", and therefore, the angle CPD was also taken. Describe how

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you can obtain the coordinates of Station "P" by taking into account the new
information.
(8 MARKS)

6. The angles shown below were observed at a station 'T' (Figure Q6) by the
method of repetition under different conditions. Find the most probable values of
angles ATB, BTC and CTD.
Angle ATB = 30° 30' 30" Weight= 2
Angle BTC = 25° 30' 40" Weight= 1
Angle CTD = 23° 38' 30" Weight= 1
Angle ATD 79° 39' 30" Weight= 1
(8 MARKS)

Stations A, B, C and D are four survey stations, and the following readings were taken
to determine the reduced levels of Stations B and C :
Loop 1 : A to B 6.25m Weight= 1
Loop 2 : B to C 10.75m Weight= 1
Loop 3 : D to C 7.45m Weight= 1
Loop 4: A to C l6.20m Weight= 2
Loop 5: B to D 3.70m Weight= 2
Calculate the reduced levels of B and C.
Given:-
Reduced Level of Station A is 7.582mPD
Reduced Level of Station D is 17.110mPD.
(12 MARKS)

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Figure Q4

T
Figure Q6

END OF PAPER

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