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RL Load Controlled Rectifiers

This paper analyzes single-phase R-L load controlled rectifiers, specifically half-wave and full-wave configurations, focusing on their output voltage and current characteristics. It highlights the importance of phase angle control for precise regulation of DC power in applications like DC motor drives. Mathematical proofs are provided to illustrate the impact of inductance on the rectified output.

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ahmed.cool.3999
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2 views3 pages

RL Load Controlled Rectifiers

This paper analyzes single-phase R-L load controlled rectifiers, specifically half-wave and full-wave configurations, focusing on their output voltage and current characteristics. It highlights the importance of phase angle control for precise regulation of DC power in applications like DC motor drives. Mathematical proofs are provided to illustrate the impact of inductance on the rectified output.

Uploaded by

ahmed.cool.3999
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analysis of R-L Load Controlled Full-Wave and Half-Wave Rectifiers

Abstract
This paper provides a detailed analysis of single-phase R-L load controlled rectifiers, focusing on

half-wave and full-wave configurations. Using mathematical proofs, we derive output voltage, current

characteristics,

and the impact of inductance on the rectified output. This study is significant for applications

requiring controlled

DC power with R-L loads, such as DC motor drives, as it enables precise control of average DC

voltage and current by

varying the firing angle.

1. Introduction
Rectifiers convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) and are extensively used

in power electronics. For resistive-inductive (R-L) loads, controlled rectifiers enable regulation of the

output

voltage and current through phase angle control. This research explores two types of

phase-controlled rectifiers:

half-wave and full-wave, analyzing their performance when connected to R-L loads. Key aspects like

average output

voltage, ripple, and current decay are discussed in detail.

2. Half-Wave Controlled Rectifier with R-L Load


2.1 Circuit Description

In a half-wave controlled rectifier, an SCR is connected in series with the R-L load.

The SCR allows control over the output by triggering at a specific phase angle, denoted as alpha.
The R-L load

introduces a phase lag between the voltage and current, affecting the waveform of the rectified

output.

2.2 Operation and Waveforms

During each positive half-cycle, the AC voltage increases from zero to its peak. At the chosen

firing angle alpha, the SCR is triggered, allowing current to flow through the R-L load. The

current through the load

does not immediately drop to zero at the end of the positive half-cycle because of the

inductive nature of the load,

which causes the current to continue flowing until the energy stored in the inductor is

depleted.

2.3 Mathematical Analysis

The current i(t) through an R-L load with an applied sinusoidal voltage Vm sin(omega*t) can

be

modeled by the following differential equation:

Vm sin(omega*t) = R*i(t) + L di(t)/dt

To solve this differential equation, we assume the SCR is triggered at an angle alpha (when

omega*t = alpha), and initially,

i(alpha) = 0. The solution is:

i(t) = (Vm/Z) [sin(omega*t - phi) - sin(alpha - phi) e^(-R*t/L)]

where Z = sqrt(R^2 + (omega*L)^2) is the impedance of the R-L circuit, and phi =

tan^(-1)(omega*L/R) is the phase angle of


the R-L circuit.

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