Network

Devices
By Group 2
 About Network Devices

Network devices are hardware that enables

communication and interaction between
devices on a computer network. They manage
data flow, ensure efficient communication, and
provide connectivity between network
segments and the internet. Common examples
include routers, switches, hubs, bridges,
modems, repeaters, and gateways.
 Modem
(Modulator-Demodulator)
It is a device that converts digital signal
to analog signal (modulator) at the
sender’s site and converts back analog
signal to digital signal (demodulator) at
the receiver’s end, in order to make
communication possible via telephone
lines. It enables a computer to transmit
data over telephone or cable lines.
 Types of
Modem
Internal Modem External Modem
This type of modem is Unlike internal modems,
integrated within a external modems are
computer. It is usually separate devices
installed in an connected to a computer
expansion slot on the via ports like USB,
motherboard Ethernet
Internal & External Modem
 HUB
A hub is a device used to connect several
computers together in a Local Area Network
(LAN).

It works by sending or broadcasting any data

it receives to all connected devices.

It doesn’t control the traffic, it just passes

everything along.
 WORKING OF A HUB
Hubs works as a central connection device between
all network devices and handle a data type called
"Frames".

When a frame is received, it is transmitted to the

port of destination computer after amplifying it

A hub does not decide which port to send a frame

to; it broadcasts it to all ports.

Therefore, the hub transmits frames to all ports,

ensuring they reach their intended destination
 Types of
Hubs
Active Hub Passive Hub
Amplifies the signal It simply passes the
when required and signal without any
works as a Repeater. change.
 Switch
A switch is a hardware device, which is used to
connect several nodes to form a Network. It
redirects the received signals only to the
intended Node i.e. controls Network traffic.

It is also used to segment a big network into

different Sub networks (Subnet) to control the
network traffic and security. It can also use to
combine various small network segments to
form a big Network (as in Tree topology).
 Repeater
In simple terms, a repeater is a network device that boosts
and retransmits signals to extend the range of a network.
Think of it as a signal booster for your network, making it
stronger and allowing it to travel farther.
 Types of Repeaters on the basis of
Signals Generated
Digital Repeaters: Data is transmitted
in the form of binary digits such as 0s
and 1s.
Analog Repeaters: Data is transmitted
in the form of analog signals to increase
the amplitude of the data.
 Types of Repeaters on the basis of
Networks Connected
1) Wired Repeaters: They are used in wired LANs.
2) Wireless Repeaters: They are used in wireless LANs and cellular
networks.
3) Optical Communications Repeaters: OCRs are devices that
extend the range of signals carried by a fibre optic cable.
4) Telephone Repeaters: Long-distance communications are
carried out over telephone networks.
5) Radio Repeaters: It is used to extend the range of radio signal
coverage.
Router
A router is used to connect different
networks together.

A router is a network device that forwards

data from one network to another.

A router works like a bridge but can handle

different protocols.
 Bridge
While a hub connects multiple devices, a network bridge
connects two or more network segments and filters the
traffic between them. Their role is to isolate local
segment traffic and reduce traffic congestion for better
network performance
 Working of a Bridge
While a hub connects multiple devices, a network bridge
connects two or more network segments and filters the
traffic between them. Their role is to isolate local
segment traffic and reduce traffic congestion for better
network performance
 Gateway
A gateway is a device, which is used to connect dissimilar
networks. The gateway establishes an intelligent connection
between a local network and external networks, which are
completely different in structure.

➢ Gateway is also called protocol converter that convert data

packets from one protocol to other and connects two dissimilar
networks.

➢ A gateway can be implemented in hardware, software or both,

but they are usually implemented by software installed within a
router.

➢ A LAN gets connected to Internet (WAN) using a gateway.

Question
&
Answers
 Question 1

What is the primary function of a

modem in computer communication?
 Answer
A modem is a device that helps computers
communicate. It changes digital signals
into analog signals for transmission and
then converts them back to digital signals
at the receiving end. This process ensures
smooth data transfer between computers.
 Question 2

What is the primary function of a router in

a network?
 Answer

A router is a network device that connects

different networks and forwards data
between them. It is capable of handling
multiple Devices, ensuring efficient data
transmission across various networks
 Question 3

What are the types of bridges ?

 Answer
Transparent bridges : Transparent bridges learn and use MAC
addresses from incoming frames to decide where to forward them

Source bridges : A source bridge forwards frames based on the

source MAC address, tagging the frame with the source information
to help other bridges learn the network path.
 Question 4

What are the types of hubs

 Answer
Active Hub : Boosts the signal and acts like a repeater.

Passive Hub : It simply passes the signal without any change

 Question 5

What does Network devices do ?

 Answer

They manage data flow, ensure efficient

communication, and provide connectivity
between network segments and the
internet.
 Question 6

What are the different types of

Repeater on the basis of Networks
connected ?
 Answer

1) Wired Repeater
2) Wireless Repeater
3) Optical Communications Repeaters(OCRs)
4) Telephone Repeaters
5) Radio Repeaters
 Question 7

What is the primary function of a network

switch?
 Answer
A network switch connects multiple
nodes in a network and directs data only
to the intended recipient, helping control
network traffic efficiently.
 Question 8

Why is a gateway also called a protocol

converter?
 Answer
A gateway is called a protocol converter
because it converts data packets from
one protocol to another, allowing two
different networks to communicate.
or a different focus on gateways?
Thank
You.