RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS (CHAPTER-9)

MCQ:

1. Which of the following lights deviates the most when it passes through a prism?

a. Red Light
b. Violet Light
c. Neither (a) nor (b)
d. Both (a) and (b)
2. Which of the following phenomena of light results in a mirage?

a. Refraction of light
b. Reflection of light
c. Dispersion
d. Diffraction of light
3. For which of the following is the field of view maximum?

a. Concave mirror
b. Convex mirror
c. Plane mirror
d. Cylindrical mirror
4. What happens when the light is refracted into a medium?

a. Both frequency and wavelength of the light increase

b. The wavelength increases but the frequency remains unchanged
c. Both wavelength and frequency decrease
d. The wavelength decreases but the frequency remains constant
5. If a glass prism is dipped in water, what happens to its dispersive power?

a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Does not change
d. No effect
6. Which of the following phenomenon is used in optical fibre?

a. Dispersion
b. Diffraction
c. Scattering
d. Total Internal Reflection
8. Which of the following statements is true for total internal reflection?

a. Light travels from rarer medium to denser medium

 b. Light travels from denser medium to rarer medium
c. Light travels in water only
d. Light travels in the air only
9. A convex lens is dipped in a liquid whose refractive index is equal to the refractive index of
the lens. Then what is its focal length?

a. Focal Length will become zero

b. Focal Length will become infinite
c. Focal length will reduce, but not become zero
d. Remains unchanged
10.A convex mirror of focal length f produces an image (1/n) th of the size of the object. The
distance of the object from the mirror is
n−1 n+1
a. (n-1)f b)( )f c)( ¿f d)(n+1)f
n n

11. An astronomical telescope of tenfold angular magnification has a length of 44 cm. The focal
length of the objective
is :
(a) 44 cm (b) 440 cm

(c) 40 cm (d) 4cm

12. The refractive index of diamond is 2.0, velocity of light in diamond in cm per second is
approximately :
(a) 1.5× 1010 (b) 2.0× 1010

(c) 6×1010 (d) 3×1010

13. A cylindrical vessel is filled with water (µ = 4/3) as shown in figure. A coin placed in water
at the bottom appears up to maximum distance of :

3H H H
(a) from the surface (b) from the surface (c) H from the surface (d) from the
4 4 2
surface
14. The critical angle for the material of a prism is 45°and its refracting angle is 30°. A
monochromatic ray goes out perpendicular to the surface of emergence from the prism. Then the
angle of incidence on the prism will be :

(a) 60° (b) 75°

(c) 45° (d) 30°

15. A glass prism of refractive index 1.5 is immersed in water (refractive index 4/3). A light
beam incident normally on the face AB is totally reflected to reach on the face BC if,

(a) sin θ > 8 / 9

(b) sin θ < 2 / 3

(c) 2 / 3 < sin θ < 8 / 9

(d) none of the above.

Assertion -Reason type:

Directions: These questions consist of two statements, each printed as Assertion and Reason.
While answering these questions, you are required to choose any one of the following four
responses.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

1. Assertion : The focal length of the convex mirror will increase, if the mirror is placed in
water.
Reason : The focal length of a convex mirror of radius R is equal to , f = R/2.
 2. Assertion : The resolving power of a telescope is more if the diameter of the objective lens is
more.
Reason : Objective lens of large diameter collects more light.

3.Assertion: The refractive index of a prism depends only on the kind of glass of which

it is made of and the colour of light.

Reason: The refractive index of a prism depends upon the refracting angle of the
prism and the angle of minimum deviation.

4. Assertion: Critical angle of light passing from glass to air is minimum for violet colour.
Reason: The wavelength of blue light is greater than the light of other colours.

5. Assertion (A): Nature of lens can be changed by placing the lens in a medium of refractive
index more than that of the lens.
Reason (R): Focal length of a lens depends on refractive index of medium in which it
will be immersed.

NUMERICALS:

1. A point ‘O’ marked on the surface of a glass sphere of diameter 20 cm is viewed through
glass from the position directly opposite to the point O. If the refractive index of the glass is
1.5, find the position of the image formed. Also, draw the ray diagram for the formation of
the image.

2.Find the position of the image formed by the lens combination given in the figure below.
3.An equiconvex lens with radii of curvature of magnitude R each, is put over a liquid layer
poured on top of a prime mirror. A small needle, with its tip on the principal axis of the lens,
is moved along the axis until its inverted real image coincides with the needle itself. The
distance of the needle from the lens is measured to be ‘a’ On removing the liquid layer and
repeating the experiment the distance is found to be ‘b’.

4. A small candle, 2.5 cm in size is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of radius of

curvature 36 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain
a sharp image? Describe the nature and size of the image. If the candle is moved closer to the
mirror, how would the screen have to be moved ?

5.A small bulb (assumed to be a point source) is placed at the bottom of a tank containing water to a
depth of 80 c m . Find out the area of the surface of water through which light from the bulb can
emerge. Take the value of refractive index of water to be 4 / 3 .
6. Double-convex lenses are to be manufactured from a glass of refractive index 1.55, with both
faces of the same radius of curvature. What is the radius of curvature required if the focal length is
to be 20 cm?

PREVIOUS YEARS BOARD QUESTIONS:

YEAR 2023 :
1.The refractive indices of two media A and B are 2 and√ 2 respectively. What is the critical
angle for their interface?[2]
2. a) Draw a ray diagram showing the formation of real image of an object placed at a distance
‘u’ in front of a concave mirror of radius of curvature ‘R’. Hence obtain the relation for the
image distance ‘v’ in terms of ‘u’ and ‘R’.
b) A 1.8 m tall person stands in front of a convex lens of focal length 1m , at a distance of 5 m .
Find the position and height of the image formed. [5]
3.a) Draw a ray diagram showing refraction of a ray of light through a triangular glass prism.
Hence obtain the relation for the refractive index( μ ¿in terms of angle of prism (A) and angle of
minimum deviation (δ m).
b) The radii of curvature of the two surfaces of a concave lens are 20 cm each. Find the refractive
index of the material of the lens if its power is −5⋅0D.
YEAR 2024 :
1. The magnifying power of an astronomical telescope is 24. In normal adjustment, distance
between its two lenses is 150 cm. Find the focal length of the objective lens.[2]

2.(i)Trace the path of a ray of light showing refraction through a triangular prism and hence
obtain an expression for the angle of minimum deviation (δ ¿ in terms of A , i and e ,where the
symbols have their usual meanings. Draw a graph showing the variation of angle of deviation
with the angle of incidence.

(ii) In the figure, a ray of light is incident on a transparent liquid contained in a thin glass box at
an angle of 45° with its one face. The emergent ray passes along the face AB. Find the refractive
index of the liquid.

YEAR 2025 :
1. A double-convex lens, made of glass of refractive index 1.5, has focal length 10cm. The radius
of curvature of its each face,is: [1]
(a)10 cm (b)15cm (c) 20cm (d) 40cm
2.(i) Explain with the help of a labeled ray diagram the formation of final image by an
astronomical telescope at infinity. Write the expression for its magnifying power.

(ii) The total magnification produced by a compound microscope is 20 , while that produced by
the eye piece alone is 5 . When the microscope is focused on a certain object, the distance
between objective and eye piece is 14 cm . Find the focal length of objective and eye piece, if
final image is formed at infinity. (Least distance of distinct vision is 25 cm )[5]

3.Using the mirror equation and the formula for the magnification , deduce that “the virtual
image produced by a convex mirror is always diminished in size sand is located between pole
and the focus.”[2]

4. A convex lens of focal length 10 cm , a concave lens of focal length 15 cm and a third lens of
unknown focal length are placed coaxially in contact. If the focal length of the combination is +
12 cm , find the nature and focal length of the third lens, if all lenses are thin. Will the answer
change if the lenses were thick? [2]

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