= 4.83, cor. to 3 sig. fig.

1A
Alternative method:
–ACB = 90° (given)
and –CAO = –CBO = 90° (tangent ^ radius) 1A
OA = OB (radii)
⇥ OACB is a square.
AC = OB = r
OC = OD + DC Join DE, EF and AF.
=r+2 The two circles touch each other internally at D,
In △OAC, ⇥ DEF is a straight line.
OC2 = OA2 + AC2 (Pyth. theorem) EF = DF – DE
(r + 2)2 = r2 + r2 1M+1A = (21 – 6) cm
r2 + 4r + 4 = 2r2 = 15 cm 1A
r2 – 4r – 4 = 0 –ECF = 90° (tangent ^ radius) 1A
 (  4)  (  4) 2  4(1)(  4) In △CEF,
r= 1M
2(1)
EC2 + CF2 = EF2 (Pyth. theorem)
4  32 4  32
= or (rejected) CF = EF 2  EC 2
2 2
= 15 2  6 2 cm 1M
= 4.83, cor. to 3 sig. fig. 1A
= 189 cm 1A
In △ACF,
AC2 + CF2 = AF2 (Pyth. theorem)
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=6>
AC = AF 2  CF 2
[10146934]
= 212  ( 189 ) 2 cm 1M
= 252 cm (or 6 7 cm ) 1A
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=6>
[10148598]
In the figure, two circles with centres E and F touch each other internally at point D. Their radii
are 6 cm and 21 cm respectively. BF is the tangent to the circle CDG at point C. If ACE is a
straight line, find the length of AC. In the figure, TA, TB and DE are the tangents to the circle at three points A, B and C respectively.
(Leave the radical sign ‘ ’ in the answer.) TD = 6 cm, TE = 7 cm and EC = 1 cm.
(6 marks) (a) Find the length of DE.
Solution: (b) Is △TDE a right-angled triangle? Explain your answer.
(6 marks)
Solution:
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.113 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.114
(a) EB = EC (tangent properties) 1M and CG = CF (tangent properties) 1M
= 1 cm Perimeter of quadrilateral ABCD
TB = TE + EB = AB + BC + CD + DA
= (7 + 1) cm = AE + BE + BF + CF + CG + DG + DH + AH 1M
= 8 cm = AH + BF + BF + CF + CF + DH + DH + AH
TA = TB (tangent properties) 1M = 2AH + 2DH + 2BF + 2CF
= 8 cm = 2(AH + DH + BF + CF)
DA = TA – TD = 2(AD + BC) 1A
= (8 – 6) cm = 2(13 + 12) cm
= 2 cm = 50 cm 1A
DC = DA (tangent properties) 1M
= 2 cm (b) OE ^ AB
DE = DC + EC and OF ^ BC
= (2 + 1) cm and OG ^ CD
= 3 cm 1A and OH ^ DA (tangent ^ radius) 1M
Area of quadrilateral ABCD
(b) DE2 + TD2 = (32 + 62) cm2 = 45 cm2 = area of △OAB + area of △OBC + area of △OCD + area of △ODA
TE2 = 72 cm2 = 49 cm2
DE2 + TD2 π TE2 1M 1 1 1 1
= AB OE  BC OF  CD OG  DA OH 1M
⇥ △TDE is not a right-angled triangle. 1A 2 2 2 2
1
= ¥ (AB + BC + CD + DA) ¥ OE
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=8> 2
1
[10149491] = ¥ 50 ¥ r cm2 1M
2
2
= 25r cm
Area of the shaded region
= area of quadrilateral ABCD – area of the circle
= (25r – pr2) cm2 1A

<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=9>
[10149656]

In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. The sides of quadrilateral ABCD are the tangents to the
circle at four points E, F, G and H respectively. AD = 13 cm and BC = 12 cm.
(a) Find the perimeter of quadrilateral ABCD.
(b) If the radius of the circle is r cm, express the area of the shaded region in terms of r and p.
(8 marks) In the figure, O is the centre of the semi-circle DBE. AC and CD are the tangents to the semi-circle
Solution: at two points B and D respectively. AEOD is a straight line. OA = OC and the radius of the semi-
(a) DG = DH circle DBE is 2 cm. Let –DAC = x. Find the length of AD.
and AE = AH (9 marks)
and BE = BF Solution:

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.115 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.116
Join OB.
OC = OA (given)
⇥ –OCA = –OAC = x (base –s, isos. △) 1A
–ADC = 90° (tangent ^ radius) 1A In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. AFC and BOF are straight lines. DE is the tangent to the
–OCD = –OCB = x (tangent properties) 1M circle at point C. FB // DE, –ABF = x and –ACD = 4x.
In △ACD, (a) Express –BAC in terms of x.
–DAC + –ACD + –ADC = 180°
–DAC + –OCA + –OCD + –ADC = 180°
x + x + x + 90° = 180°

(– sum of △)
1M

(b) Find x.
(c) Find
 
AC : BC .
3x = 90° (10 marks)
x = 30° 1A Solution:
–ABO = 90° (tangent ^ radius) 1A (a) –BFC = –ACD (alt. –s, FB // DE)
In △ABO, = 4x 1A
OB In △ABF,
sin –OAB =
OA
2 cm
–BAC + –ABF = –BFC (ext. – of △)
sin 30° = 1M –BAC + x = 4x 1M
OA
OA =
2
cm –BAC = 3x 1A
sin 30
= 4 cm 1A (b)
AD = OA + OD
= (4 + 2) cm
= 6 cm 1A
Join OC.
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=10> –OCD = 90° (tangent ^ radius) 1A
[10149729] –BOC = –OCD (alt. –s, FB // DE)
= 90° 1A
1
–BAC = –BOC (– at centre twice – at circumference)
2
1
3x = ¥ 90° 1M
2
x = 15° 1A
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.117 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.118
 <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=7>
(arcs prop. to –s at centre)
 
AC : BC = –AOC : –BOC [10150319]
= 120° : 90°
=4:3 1A

<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=8>
[10149978]

In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. OBFC is a square. DE is the tangent to the circle at
point A. If DE // BC, find –ABO.
(7 marks)
In the figure, O is the centre of the semi-circle. AFEC and BDC are straight lines. ED is the Solution:
tangent to the semi-circle at point D and DE ^ AC. –COB = 90° (property of square) 1A
(a) Prove that AC = AB. 1
–CAB = –COB (– at centre twice – at circumference)
(b) If AC = BC and CE = 11 cm, find the diameter of the semi-circle. 2
1
(8 marks) = ¥ 90° 1M
2
Solution: = 45° 1A
(a) Let –ABD = x.
–OBC = 45° (property of square) 1A
–ADB = 90° – in semi-circle
– in alt. segment –EAC = –ABC (– in alt. segment)
–ADE = –ABD
=x = –ABO + –OBC
In △ECD, Any correct proof with
correct reasons. 3A = –ABO + 45° 1A
–ECD + –CED = –EDB ext. – of △
Any correct proof without –EAB + –ABC = 180° (int. –s, DE // BC)
–ECD + –CED = –ADE + –ADB
reasons. 2A –EAC + –CAB + –ABO + –OBC = 180°
–ECD + 90° = x + 90° Incomplete proof with any
–ECD = x –ABO + 45° + 45° + –ABO + 45° = 180° 1M
one correct step and one
–ECD = –ABD = x correct reason. 1A 2–ABO = 45°
sides opp. eq. –s
∵ AC = AB –ABO = 22.5° 1A

(b) AC = AB = BC
△ABC is an equilateral triangle.
–ECD = 60° (property of equil. △) 1A
In △ECD,
CE
cos –ECD =
CD
11 cm
cos 60° = 1M
CD
11
CD = cm
cos 60
= 22 cm 1A

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.120 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.122
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=9> 
CH

[10150576]
=3
 BH
CH : BH =3:1
–HBC : –HCB =
 
CH : BH (arcs prop. to –s at circumference)
 HBC
  
=3
In the figure, AG and EF are the tangents to the circle at two points B and C respectively. ADC is a HCB
–HBC = 3–HCB 1M
straight line. H is a point lying on
BC such that CH = 3 BH . –CAB = 35° and –ACF = 75°. In △HBC,
–HBC + –HCB + –BHC = 180° (– sum of △)
(a) Find –ABD.
3–HCB + –HCB + 110° = 180° 1M
(b) Find –GBH.
4–HCB = 70°
(9 marks)
–HCB = 17.5° 1A
Solution:
⇥ –GBH = –HCB (– in alt. segment)
(a) Let –ABD = x.
= 17.5° 1A
–ACB = –ABD (– in alt. segment)
=x 1A
–DBC = –ACF (– in alt. segment)
= 75° 1A
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=10>
In △ABC,
[10151484]
–ABC + –ACB + –CAB = 180° (– sum of △)
–ABD + –DBC + –ACB + –CAB = 180°
x + 75° + x + 35° = 180° 1M
2x = 70°
x = 35°
⇥ –ABD = 35° 1A
(b) –BHC = –ABC (– in alt. segment)
= –ABD + –DBC
= 35° + 75° The figure shows two circles with centre O. The radii of the two circles are 5 cm and 13 cm

CH
= 110°
=3

BH
1A respectively. AEOB is a straight line. AC is the tangent to the circle BDE at point D.
(a) Find the length of AC.
(b) Is BC a tangent to the circle BDE? Explain your answer.
(10 marks)
Solution:
(a)
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.123 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.124
 In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. ADC is a straight line. BC is the tangent to the circle at
Join OD. point B. –BAD = 7x and –ODB = 11x.
–ODA = 90° (tangent ^ radius) 1A (a) Find –DBC.
In △OAD, (b) If BC = 5 cm and AC = 8 cm, find the length of DC.
AD2 + OD2 = AO2 (Pyth. theorem) (9 marks)
AD = AO 2  OD 2 Solution:
= 132  52 cm 1M (a) –BOD = 2–BAD (– at centre twice – at circumference)
= 12 cm 1A = 2 ¥ 7x
CD = AD (perpendicular from centre to chord bisects chord) = 14x 1A
⇥ AC = 2AD OB = OD (radii)
= 2 ¥ 12 cm 1M ⇥ –OBD = –ODB (base –s, isos. △)
= 24 cm 1A = 11x 1A
In △OBD,
(b) Consider △ABC and △ADO. –OBD + –ODB + –BOD = 180° (– sum of △)
–BAC = –DAO (common angle) 1M 11x + 11x + 14x = 180° 1M
AO 13 36x = 180°
=
AC 24
x = 5° 1A
AD AD 12 12 2
= = = = –DBC = –BAC (– in alt. segment)
AB AO  OB 13  5 18 3
AO AD = 7 ¥ 5°
π 1M
AC AB = 35° 1A
∵ The condition ‘ratio of 2 sides, inc. –’ is not satisfied,
∵ △ABC and △ADO are not similar triangles. 1A Alternative method:
∵ –BAC = –DAO (– in alt. segment)
–DBC = –BAC
∵ –CBA π –ODA = 7x 1A
i.e. –CBA π 90° 1A OB = OD (radii)
⇥ BC is not a tangent to the circle BDE. 1A ⇥ –OBD = –ODB (base –s, isos. △)
= 11x 1A
–OBC = 90° (tangent ^ radius)
–OBD + –DBC = 90° 1M
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=9> 7x + 11x = 90°
[10151711] 18x = 90°
x = 5° 1A
–DBC = 7 ¥ 5°
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.125 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.126
 = 35° 1A
(b) In △BDC and △ABC,
–DBC = –BAC (proved)
(common angle) 
–DCB = –BCA  1M
⇥ ⇤ BDC~ ⇤ ABC (AAA)

1A
DC BC
⇥ = (corr. sides, ~△s) In the figure, AD, BC and AB are the tangents to the circle at three points D, C and E respectively.
BC AC
DC 5 cm BC // ED and –DAE = 76°.
= 1M
5 cm 8 cm (a) Find –BCE.
DC = 3.125 cm 1A
(b) Is ABCD a cyclic quadrilateral? Explain your answer.
(c) Let P be the mid-point of ED. Prove that C, P and A are collinear.
(11 marks)
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=10> Solution:
[10152703] (a) AD = AE (tangent properties) 1M
⇥ –ADE = –AED (base –s, isos. △)
In △AED,
–AED + –ADE + –DAE = 180° (– sum of △)
2–AED + 76° = 180° 1M
2–AED = 104°
–AED = 52° 1A
–DCE = –AED (– in alt. segment)
= 52° 1A
–CDE = –BCE (– in alt. segment)
In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. AFOE, CBF and CDE are straight lines. AD is the –CED = –BCE (alt. –s, BC // ED) 1M
tangent to the circle at point B. AD ^ CE and –ECB = a. In △CDE,
(a) Prove that EC = EF. –CDE + –CED + –DCE = 180° (– sum of △)
(b) Prove that △ABO ~ △ADE. 2–BCE + 52° = 180°
(c) If AF = FO, 2–BCE = 128°
(i) find –BOA, –BCE = 64° 1A
(ii) prove that △CEF is an equilateral triangle.
(10 marks) (b) –BCD + –DAE
Solution: = –BCE + –DCE + –DAE
= 64° + 52° + 76°
= 192°
π 180° 1M
⇥ ABCD is not a cyclic quadrilateral. 1A
(c) –CED = –CDE
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.127 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.130
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=9> at point D. converse of tangent ^ one correct step and one
[10153220] radius correct reason. 1A
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=6>
[10153732]

In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. AOD, AFC, BFGD and OGCE are straight lines.

= , AD // BC and –ACB = x.
 
AB BC In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. The radius of the circle is 2 cm. ACOB and DFC are
(a) Find x.
straight lines perpendicular to each other. DE is the tangent to the circle at point E and DE = 3 cm.
(b) If –OED = 30°, prove that ED is the tangent to the circle at point D.
(a) Prove that D, C, O and E are concyclic.
(9 marks)
(b) Find –BCE correct to 3 significant figures.
Solution:
(6 marks)
(a) (given) Solution:
 
BC = AB (a) –OED = 90° tangent ^ radius Any correct proof with correct reasons.
⇥ –CAB = –ACB = x (equal arcs, equal angles) 1A –ACD = –OED = 90° 3A
–DAC = –ACB (alt. –s, AD // BC) ⇥ D, C, O and E are Any correct proof without reasons. 2A
=x 1A concyclic. ext. – = int. opp. –
Incomplete proof with any one correct
–ADB = –ACB (–s in the same segment) step and one correct reason. 1A
=x 1A
–ABD = 90° (– in semi-circle) 1A
In ⇤ABD,
–ADB + –ABD + –BAD = 180° (– sum of ⇤)
–ADB + –ABD + –CAB + –DAC = 180°
x + 90° + x + x = 180° 1M
3x = 90°
x = 30° 1A
(b)
(b) –DOC = 2–DAC = 2 ¥ 30° = 60° – at centre twice – at
Join OD.
circumference
Any correct proof with In ⇤EOD,
In ⇤OED, OE 2
correct reasons. 3A
–OED + –EDO + –DOC = 180° tan –ODE = = 1M
– sum of ⇤ DE 3
Any correct proof without
30° + –EDO + 60° = 180° –ODE = 33.690°, cor. to 5 sig. fig. 1A
reasons. 2A
–EDO = 90° From (a), D, C, O and E are concyclic.
⇥ ED is the tangent to the circle Incomplete proof with any –BCE = –ODE (–s in the same segment)

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.132 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.133
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=8> <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=7>
[10153797] [10153893]
In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. OC = 4 cm and –AOC = 120°. BA and BC are the
tangents to the circle at two points A and C respectively.
The figure shows two circles which intersect at A and C. D is the centre of the circle AEC. BED is
(a) Prove that ABCO is a cyclic quadrilateral.
a straight line. AB is the tangent to the circle AEC at point A and AB = 8.
(b) Find the diameter of the circle passing through A, B, C and O.
(a) Prove that BC is a tangent to the circle AEC.
(7 marks)
(b) If radius of circle AEC : radius of circle ABCD = 6 : 5, find the length of BD.
Solution:
(8 marks)
(a) –OAB = 90° tangent ^ radius
Solution: Any correct proof with
–OCB = 90° tangent ^ radius
(a) correct reasons. 2A
–OAB + –OCB = 90° + 90°
Any correct proof without
= 180° reasons. 1A
∵ ABCO is a cyclic quadrilateral. opp. –s supp.
(b)
Join AD and DC.
–DAB = 90° tangent ^ radius
–DCB + –DAB = 180° opp. –s, cyclic quad. Any correct proof with correct
–DCB + 90° = 180° Join BO.
reasons. 3A
–DCB = 90° Any correct proof without reasons. –OCB = 90° (proved)
⇥ BC is a tangent to the 2A ∵ OB is a diameter of the circle. (converse of – in semi-circle) 1A
circle AEC. converse of tangent
^ radius Incomplete proof with any one –BOC = –BOA (tangent properties)
correct step and one correct reason. 1
1A ∵ –BOC = –AOC 1M
2
1
= ¥ 120°
2
= 60° 1A
In △OBC,
OC
cos –BOC =
OB
4 cm
cos 60° = 1M
OB
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.135 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.137
 4 <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=8>
OB = cos 60 cm
[10154650]
= 8 cm
∵ The required diameter is 8 cm. 1A

In the figure, AB, BC, CD and AD are chords of the circle, and AD = BC. AC and BD intersect at a
point T.
(a) Prove that △TAD @ △TBC.
(b) Find a triangle which is similar to △TAB. Explain your answer.
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=9>
[10154602] (c) If TA = 18 cm, TD = 12 cm and the area of △TAB = 153 cm2, find the area of △TCD.
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) In △TAD and △TBC, Any correct proof with
–TAD = –TBC –s in the same segment correct reasons. 3A
AD = BC given Any correct proof without reasons. 2A
–ADT = –BCT –s in the same segment Incomplete proof with any one correct
⇥ △TAD @ △TBC ASA step and one correct reason. 1A

(b) △TAD @ △TBC (proved)

In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. AFEC and BDOC are straight lines. ED ^ BC, ⇥ TA = TB and TD = TC (corr. sides, @△s)
–BAC = –FBC, AB = 5 cm, BC = 12 cm and BE bisects –FBC. In △TDC and △TAB,
(a) Prove that AB is a tangent to the circle. TD TC
= (proved)
TA TB 
(b) P and Q are two points lying on the circle passing through the three points A, B and C. –DTC = –ATB (vert. opp. –s)  1M+1
(i) Find the greatest possible length of PB. ⇥ △TDC ~ △TAB (ratio of 2 sides, inc. –) 
(ii) Find the greatest possible area of △AQC. M
(9 marks) 1A
Solution: (Since –TDC = –TCD, ⇤ TCD ~ ⇤ TAB can also be the answer.)
(a) Let –CBE = x.
2
–BFC = 90° – in semi-circle Area of ⇤TCD TD 
Any correct proof with (c) =  
Area of ⇤TAB  TA 
In △BFC and △ABC, 2
correct reasons. 3A  12 
–FBC = –BAC given ⇥ Area of △TCD =   ¥ 153 cm2 1M
Any correct proof without  18 
–BCF = –ACB common angle 2
reasons. 2A = 68 cm 1A
⇥ ⇤ BFC~ ⇤ ABC AAA
⇥ –ABC = –BFC = 90° Incomplete proof with any
⇥ AB is a tangent to the circle. converse of one correct step and one
tangent ^ radius correct reason. 1A

Alternative method:
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.138 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.140
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=9>
[10155038]
(b)
Join OA and OB.
–AOB = 2–AEB (– at centre twice – at circumference)
In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. AB // DE, –DBE = 28° and –AEB = 67°. AE and BD = 2 × 67° 1M
intersect at a point C. = 134°

(b) If

(a) Find –BDE.
AB
= 19 cm, find the circumference of the circle correct to 2 decimal places.
Circumference :
AB
Circumference 360
=

= 360° : 134° (arcs prop. to –s at centre)

1M
19 cm 134
(c) If F is the mid-point of ED, prove that O, C and F are collinear. ∵ Circumference = 51.04 cm, cor. to 2 d.p. 1A
(9 marks)
Solution: (c) ∵ –AED = –BDE = 42.5°
(a) –ABD = –BDE (alt. –s, AB // DE) i.e. CE = CD sides opp. eq. –s
–AED = –ABD (–s in the same segment) ∵ △CDE is an isosceles triangle. Any correct proof with
= –BDE And EF = FD given correct reasons. 3A
–ABE + –BED = 180° (int. –s, AB // DE) ∵ CF ^ ED axis of symmetry of isos. Any correct proof without
–ABD + –DBE + –AEB + –AED = 180° △ ^ base reasons. 2A
–BDE + 28° + 67° + –BDE = 180° 1M+1A ∵ FC produced passes through Incomplete proof with
2–BDE = 85° the centre O, ^ bisector of chord
any one correct step and
–BDE = 42.5° 1A passes through centre
one correct reason. 1A
i.e. O, C and F are collinear.
Alternative method:
–ABD = –BDE (alt. –s, AB // DE)
–BAE = –BDE (–s in the same segment) <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=8>
In △ABE, [10155574]
–ABE + –AEB + –BAE = 180° (– sum of △)
–ABD + –DBE + –AEB + –BAE = 180°
–BDE + 28° + 67° + –BDE = 180° 1M+1A
2–BDE = 85°
–BDE = 42.5° 1A
In the figure, AB is a diameter of the circle. AC and BC intersect the circle at E and D respectively.
AB = AC and –BAC = 45°.
(a) Find –EBC.
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.141 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.142
(b) Prove that D is the mid-point of BC. <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=11>
(8 marks) [10156294]
Solution:
(a) AB = AC (given)
⇥ –ABC = –ACB (base –s, isos. △) 1M
In △ABC,
–ABC + –ACB + –BAC = 180° (– sum of △)
2–ACB + 45° = 180° 1M
–ACB = 67.5°
–BEA = 90° (– in semi-circle) 1A
The figure shows a pentagon ABCDE and its five diagonals, where A, B, C, D and E lie on a circle
In △EBC,
–EBC + –ECB = –BEA (ext. – of △) such that : : : : = 2 : 3 : 2 : 3 : 2.
    
AB BC CD DE EA
–EBC + 67.5° = 90° 1M
–EBC = 22.5° 1A (a) (i) Find –ADB.
(ii) Find –BGA.
(b) Prove that △BDG ~ △AEG.
(11 marks)
Solution:
(b) (a) (i) Let O be the centre of the circle.

: : : : =2:3:2:3:2
    
AB BC CD DE EA
⇥ –AOB : –BOC : –COD : –DOE : –EOA
Join AD. =2:3:2:3:2 (arcs prop. to –s at centre)
– in semi-circle 2
–ADB = 90° –AOB = ¥ 360° 1M
2 32 32
⇥ –ADB = –ADC = 90° = 60° 1A
In △ABD and △ACD, 1
proved –ADB = –AOB (– at centre twice – at circumference)
–ADB = –ADC = 90° 2
given Any correct proof with 1
AB = AC = ¥ 60° 1M
common side correct reasons. 3A 2
AD = AD
RHS Any correct proof without reasons. 2A = 30° 1A
⇥ ⇤ ABD @ ⇤ ACD
⇥ BD = CD corr. sides, @△s Incomplete proof with any one correct Alternative method:
i.e. D is the mid-point of BC. step and one correct reason. 1A
: =2:3
 
AB BC
⇥ –ADB : –BDC = 2 : 3 (arcs prop. to –s at circumference)
Let –ADB = 2x and –BDC = 3x. 1M
–ADE = –CED = –ADB = 2x (equal arcs, equal angles)
In △EID,
–BIE = –EDI + –CED (ext. – of △)
= –ADB + –ADE + –CED

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.143 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.144
 = 2x + 2x + 2x (ii) Express –ABC in terms of x.
= 6x
–ECD = –BDC = 3x
In △CID,
(equal arcs, equal angles)
1A
(c) If :
  
(b) Prove that AD is parallel to BC.
:
DA AB BC
= 2 : 3 : 4, find –AOB.
–JID = –ECD + –BDC (ext. – of △) (10 marks)
= 3x + 3x Solution:
= 6x (a) (i) Reflex –AOC = 2–ADC (– at centre twice – at circumference)
–JID + –BIE = 180° (adj. –s on st. line) = 2x 1A
6x + 6x = 180° 1M
12x = 180° (ii) –AOC + reflex –AOC = 360° (–s at a pt.)
x = 15° –AOC + 2x = 360° 1M
⇥ –ADB = 2 ¥ 15° = 30° 1A
 
–AOC = 360° – 2x
1
–ABC = –AOC (– at centre twice – at circumference)
2
(ii) –DBE : –ADB = : (arcs prop. to –s at circumference)
DE AB 1
= (360° – 2x)
2
1M
DBE 3
= 1M = 180° – x 1A
30 2
–DBE = 45° 1A
In △GDB, (b) ON = OM given
 
⇥ CD = AB chords equidistant from
–BGA = –ADB + –DBE (ext. – of △) centre are equal
= 30° + 45° 1M
⇥ = equal chords, equal arcs
 CD AB
= 75° 1A
Any correct proof with
correct reasons. 3A
(b) In △BDG and △AEG, Any correct proof with + = +
 CD BC AB
equal arcs, equal angles Any correct proof without
–DBG = –EAG –s in the same segment correct reasons. 3A
reasons. 2A
–DGB = –EGA vert. opp. –s
 
Any correct proof without reasons. 2A
Incomplete proof with any one
∵ △BDG ~ △AEG AAA Incomplete proof with any one correct
step and one correct reason. 1A BC correct step and one correct
reason. 1A
int. –s supp.
i.e. =
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=10>
[10156506]
BCD ABC
⇥ –BAD = –ADC
=x
–BAD + –ABC
= x + (180° – x)
= 180°
⇥ AD is parallel to BC.
(c)
 
=
In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. OM ^ AB, ON ^ CD and OM = ON. Let –ADC = x,
where x > 90°. ⇥
   
AB CD
: : :
AB BC CD DA
=3:4:3:2
(a) (i) Express reflex –AOC in terms of x.
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.145 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.146
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=5> Solution:
[10156691] Reflex angle AOC = 2–ABC ( at centre twice  at circumference) 1M
In the figure, two circles with equal radii pass through the centre of each other. Find –ADB. = 194° 1A
A –COG = reflex angle AOC - 180°
D = 14° 1A
–GCO = 180° - –CGO - –COG ( sum of △)
O C
= 180° - 10° - 14°
= 156° 1A
B  –GCO + –GFO = 156° + 24°
= 180° 1A
(5 marks)  O, C, G, F are concyclic. (opp. s supp.) 1A
Solution:
A
D

O C

<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=6>
B [10157109]
In the figure, AB touches the circle at C. If QC = QR and –BCR = 50°, find –QPC.
Join AC, OC and BC. A

∵ Two circles are equal.

P C
∴ OA = AC = OC = OB = BC (radii) 1M
 –AOC= –BOC = 60° 1A
50
 –AOB= 60° + 60° = 120° 1A Q °

–ADB + –AOB = 180° (opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.) 1M

–ADB + 120° = 180° R B

–ADB = 60° 1A
(6 marks)
Solution:
 CQR BCR 50 (∠ in alt. segment) 1A
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=6> QR QC
[10156696] ⇥  QRC QCR (base ⌅s, isos. △) 1M
In the figure, O is the centre, BCG, AODG and FEG are straight lines. If –ABC = 97°, –AGB =  QRC   QCR   CQR 180 (∠ sum of △) 1M
10°, –GFO = 24°, prove that O, C, G, F are concyclic. 1
? QRC  180  50 
2
65 1A
 QPC  QRC 180 (opp. ∠s, cyclic quad.) 1M
QPC  65 180
QPC 115  1A
(6 marks)
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.148 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.149
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=6>
[10157657] <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=7>
In the figure, O is the centre, TA and DC are the tangents to the circle at A and C respectively. TBC [10157734]
is a straight line. –ATB = 50o and –BCD = 75o. Find In the figure, AEC is a diameter of the circle, BED is a straight line, PQ is the tangent to the circle
(a) –TAB, at point D, –CBD = 43° and –BDC = 38°, find
(b) –ABC. (a) –AED,
D
(b) –ADQ.
C
75°
O
B
50°
A T
(7 marks)
(6 marks) Solution:
Solution: (a) –DAE = –CBD (s in the same segment) 1M
(a) = 43°
D
–ADC = 90° ( in semi-circle) 1A
C –ADE = –ADC - –CDE
75°
= 90° - 38°
O
= 52° 1A
∴ –AED = 180° - –DAE - –ADE ( sum of △)
B
= 180° - 43° - 52°
50°
A T = 85 1A
(b) –ACD = 180° - –ADC - –CAD ( sum of △)
Join AC. = 180° - 90° - 43°
 CAB BCD 75o (∠ in alt. segment) 1A = 47° 1A
 ACT TAB (∠ in alt. segment) 1M –ADQ = –ACD ( in alt. segment) 1M
In △CAT, = 47
1A
 ACT   CAT   CTA 180 o (∠ sum of △)
 ACT   CAB   TAB   CTA 180 o 1M
 TAB  75 o   TAB  50 o 180 o
2 TAB 55 o
TAB 27.5 o
1A
(b) In △ABT,
–ABC = –TAB + –ATB (ext. ∠ of △) 1M
= 27.5o + 50o
= 77.5o 1A
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.150 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.151
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=7> <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=8>
[10157917] [10158108]
In the figure, O is the centre, EF is the tangent to the circle at point D and AC passes through the ABCD is a quadrilateral. Given that –A : –B : –C : –D = 6 : 5 : 3 : 4.
centre. If AD = BD, –ACB = 30° and –ADE = 75°, (a) Find –B and –D.
(a) prove that ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, (b) Determine whether ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral.
B
(b) find –CAD.
A

C D

(8 marks)
Solution:
(7 marks) (a)  –A + –B + –C + –D = 360° (∠ sum of polygon) 1A
Solution: and –A : –B : –C : –D = 6 : 5 : 3 : 4
(a) –ABD = 75°  in alt. segment 1A 5
 B 360  1M
∵ AD = BD given 6534
 –BAD = –ABD base s, isos. △ 100 1A
= 75° 1A 4
D 360 
6534
–ADB = 180° -–BAD - –ABD  sum of △
1M
= 30° 1A 80 1A
 –ACB = –ADB = 30°
(b) –B + –D = 100° + 80°
 ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. converse of s in the same segment 1A
= 180° 1A
∴ ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. (opp. –s supp.) 1M+1A
(b) –ABC = 90° ( in semi-circle) 1M
 –BAC = 180° -–ABC -–ACB ( sum of △)
= 180° – 90° – 30°
= 60° 1A <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=8>
–CAD = –BAD - –BAC [10158603]
= 75° - 60° In the figure, A, B, C, D and E lie on the circle with BA = AE . ERQB, ARSD, AQPC, ESTC and
= 15° 1A BPTD are straight lines.
(a) Prove that C, D, R and Q are concyclic.
(b) Prove that EB // SP.
A
E R Q
B
S
P
T
D

(8 marks)

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.152 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.153
Solution:
A
E R Q
B
S
P
T
D
(9 marks)
C Solution:
(a) –ADC = –BEC = 90° (tangent ^ radius) 1M
(a) Join DC. –ACD = –BCE (vert. opp. s)

 ECD EBD
 –s in the same segment
given
1A –CAD = 180° – –ACD – –ADC
= 180° – –BCE – –BEC
( sum of △)
BA  AE
⇥  ADB ACE equal arcs, equal angles 1A = –CBE
In ⇤ BDR, ∴ △ ACD ~ △ BCE (AAA) 1A
 ARB  RBD   RDB ext. – of ⇤ AB = 25, AD = 12, BE = 8
 ECD   ACE
AD CD AC
QCD 1A   (corr. sides, ~△ s) 1M
BE CE BC
⇥ C, D, R and Q are concyclic. 1A
12 CD AC
 
8 DE  CD AB  AC
ext. – = int. opp. – ∴ 12( DE  CD) 8CD
12 DE 20CD
(b) Join SP.
3
⌅ADB = ⌅ACE proved in (a) CD  DE 1A
5
⇥ S, P, C, D are concyclic. converse of –s in the same segment 1A
Similarly, 12(AB - AC) = 8AC
⇥ ⌅ASP =⌅QCD ext. –, cyclic quad. 1A
12AB = 20AC
⌅ARQ =⌅QCD proved in (a) 300 = 20AC
⇥ ⌅ASP =⌅ARQ 1A
AC = 15 1A
⇥ EB // SP corr. –s equal 1A
AC2 = CD2 + AD2 (Pyth. theorem) 1M
2
3 
15 2  DE   12 2
5 
9
81  DE 2
25
DE 2 225
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=9> DE 15 1A
[10158791] (b) CE = DE – CD 1M
In the figure, AB = 25, the radius of circle A is 12 and the radius of circle B is 8. Find
3
(a) the length of the common tangent DE, = DE – DE
5
(b) the length of CE.
2
= DE
5
2
= (15)
5
=6 1A
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.154 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.155
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=9> CD
(b) tan COD 
[10159075] CO
In the figure, O is the centre, AD is a straight line and DE is the tangent to the circle at point C. If 1M
BD = 4 cm, CD = 6 cm, find 6

(a) the radius of the circle, 2.5
(b) the length of AC. –COD  67.380°, cor. to 3 d.p.
(Give the answer correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.) 1
CAB = COD ( at centre twice  at circumference) 1M
2
= 33.690°, cor. to 3 d.p.
∵ –ACB = 90° ( in semi-circle) 1A
AC
∴ cos  CAB = 1M
AB
AC = AB cos –CAB
= 2 ¥ 2.5 ¥ cos 33.690° cm 1M
AC = 4.16 cm, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
1A
(9 marks)
Solution: <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=9>
(a) [10160562]
In the figure, three circles cut at P, Q, R and S. APQB and DSRC are straight lines. AR cuts the
circles PQRS and APSD at M and N respectively.
(a) Prove that
(i) –DAP = –RQB,
(ii) AD // QR.
(b) Prove that A, B, C and D are concyclic.
(c) Prove that –APM = –RSN.
P
Join OC and AC. Q

Let the radius of the circle be r cm. M B

N
–DCO = 90° (tangent ^ radius) 1M
D S C
OB = OC = r (radii) R

∴ OD2 = OC2 + CD2 (Pyth. theorem) 1M (9 marks)

(4 + r)2 = r2 + 62 Solution:
16 + 8r + r2 = r2 + 36
P
8r = 20 Q

r = 2.5 M B
N
 The radius of the circle is 2.5 cm. 1A
D S C
R

(a) (i) Join PS.

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.157 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.158
  DAP   PSR ext. –, cyclic quad. 1A (a) PQ,
 RQB  PSR ext. –, cyclic quad. 1A (b) –QRT.
⇥ (Give the answers correct to 2 decimal places.)
 DAP RQB
(9 marks)
Solution:
(ii) –DAP = –RQB proved in (a)(i) Q
P
⇥AD // QR corr. –s equal 1A
M
R
A E B
(b) Consider circle BCRQ. C1
C2
⌅BCR +⌅RQB = 180º opp. –s, cyclic quad. 1A S
T
⌅RQB =⌅DAP proved in (a)(i)
(a) Join PA and QB. Construct a line AM such that AM ^ QB.
⇥ ⌅BCR +⌅DAP = 180º 1A
⌅RPA = 90º (tangent ^ radius)
⇥ A, B, C and D are concyclic. opp. –s supp. 1A
and ⌅RQB = 90º (tangent ^ radius) 1A
⇥ PAMQ is a rectangle.
(c) Join PM and SN.
BM  BQ  QM
 APM   ARQ ext. –, cyclic quad. 1A (9  7) cm
  DAR alt. –s, AD // QR 1A
2 cm 1A
= RSN ext. –, cyclic quad. 1A
AB  AE  EB
⇥ APM RSN
(7  9) cm
16 cm 1A
In ⇤ ABM,
AM  AB 2  BM 2 (Pyth. theorem) 1M
PQ AM
 16 2  2 2 cm
15.87 cm , cor. to 2 d.p. 1A
(b) In △ MAB,
BM 2
sin MAB  
AB 16
MAB 7.180 8 , cor. to 4 d.p. 1A
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=9> ? PQ // AM
[10160942] i.e. RQ // AM
Q
P ? –QRB = –MAB (corr. ∠s, AM // RQ) 1M
?  QRT 2 QRB (tangent properties) 1M
R
C1
A E B 2 7.180 8
C2
14.36 , cor. to 2 d.p.
S
T 1A
In the figure, the circles C1 and C2 touch each other at E. A and B are the centres of C1 and C2
respectively. RPQ and RST are common tangents to the two circles, touching them at P, Q, S and T
as shown. RAEB is a straight line. If the radius of C1 is 7 cm and the radius of C2 is 9 cm, find
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.159 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.160
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=10> <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=10>
[10161288] [10161915]
In the figure, O is the centre, DE, EF and FD are tangents to the circle at points A, B and C In the figure, O is the centre, DE, EF and FG are tangents to the circle at points A, B and C
respectively. If DE = 4.8 cm, DF = 1.4 cm and –EDF = 90°, respectively. If DE // FG, AE = 9 cm, CF = 12 cm, find
(a) prove that OADC is a square, (a) the radius of the circle,
(b) find the area of the shaded region, correct to 1 decimal place. (b) the area of the shaded region.
(Give the answer correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)

(10 marks)
Solution:
(a) –DAO = 90° tangent ^ radius 1A
–DCO = 90° tangent ^ radius 1A (10 marks)
–AOC = (4 - 2) ¥ 180° - –DAO - –DCO - –ADC  sum of polygon Solution:
= 360° - 90° - 90° - 90° (a)
= 90° 1A
AO = CO radii
∴ OADC is a square. 1A

(b) EF  DE 2  DF 2 (Pyth. theorem)

 (4.8) 2  (1.4) 2 cm
= 5 cm 1A Join AO and CO.
Let the radius of the circle be x cm. –EAO = –FCO = 90° (tangent ^ radius) 1A
AD = CD = x cm (tangent properties) 1M –AEB + –BFC = 180° (int.s, DE // FG)
BE = AE = (4.8 – x) cm (tangent properties) 1M In pentagon AEFCO,
BF = CF = (1.4 – x) cm (tangent properties) 1M –AOC = (5 - 2) ¥ 180° -–AEB -–BFC -–EAO -–FCO ( sum of polygon)
 BE + BF = EF = 540° - 180° - 90° - 90°
4.8 – x + 1.4 – x = 5 = 180° 1M+1A
x = 0.6 ∴ AC is a diameter of the circle.
 The radius of the circle is 0.6 cm. 1A
Area of the shaded region
4.8 1.4
  0.6 2 π
2
= 2.2 cm2, cor. to 1 d.p. 1A

Construct EH ^ FG, then AEHC is a rectangle.

Let the radius of the circle be r cm.
FH = FC - HC
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.161 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.162
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=10> <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=11>
[10161983] [10162257]
In the figure, O is the centre. AEF is a straight line parallel to BD. If –BAC = 45o and –CAE = 60o, In the figure, two circles intersect at B and R. AQ is a common tangent to the two circles and PQ is
find a tangent to the circle RBA at R. ABCD is a straight line and –RQD = 65°.
(a) –BDC, (a) Prove that AR // QD.
(b) Prove that –ARQ = –QAB + –AQB.
  
(b) –DEF,
Hence find –QBC.
(c) Prove that △ RQD is an isosceles triangle.
(c) : : .
AB BC CD
C A
B
O
B D P Q
45° R C 65°
60°
A E F
(10 marks)
Solution: D
(11 marks)
(a) –BDC = –BAC (s in the same segment) 1M Solution:
= 45o 1A
A
(b) –ABD + –BAE = 180o (int. ∠s, AE // BD)
= 180o – (45o + 60o) B
P Q
= 75o 1A R C 65°
–DEF = –ABD (ext. ∠, cyclic quad.) 1M
= 75o 1A
(c) –BCD = 90o ( in semi-circle) 1A D
–CBD = 180o – –BCD – –BDC (∠ sum of △) (a) Join BR.
= 180o – 90o – 45o –BRQ = –BDQ –s in the same segment 1A
= 45o 1A –RAB = –BRQ – in alt. segment 1A
–ACB = 180o – –BAC – –CBA (∠ sum of △ ) ? –RAB = –BDQ
= 180o – –BAC – (–CBD + –ABD) ? AR // QD alt. –s equal 1A
= 180o – 45o – (45o + 75o)
  = 15o 1A (b) Join BQ.
–ARB = –QAB – in alt. segment 1A
: : = –ACB : –BDC : –CBD (arcs prop. to
AB BC CD ?
and
–BRQ = –BDQ
–BDQ = –AQB
proved in (a)
– in alt. segment 1A
∠s at circumference) 1M
= 15o : 45o : 45o ? –BRQ = –AQB
=1:3:3 1A –ARQ = –ARB + –BRQ 1A
i.e. –ARQ = –QAB + –AQB
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.164 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.166
 In △ ABQ, <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=13>
 QBC   QAB   AQB 1M
(ext. – of △) [10162564]
  ARQ
 RQD
In the figure, circle ABD and CBD cut at points B and D, EF and EG are tangents to the circle
(alt. –s, AR // QD)
 65
1A ABD at point A and the circle CBD at point C respectively, ABC and DBE are straight lines.
(a) Prove that A, D, C, E are concyclic.
(c) Join DR. (b) Prove that AE = CE.
–QRD = –QBD –s in the same segment 1A (c) If point H is the circumcentre of △ ACD, is EH perpendicular to AC ? Explain your answer.
–QBD = 65° proved in (b)
⇥ –QRD = 65°
–QRD = –RQD = 65°
⇥ RD = QD sides opp. equal –s 1A
Hence, △RQD is an isosceles triangle. 1A

(13 marks)
Solution:
(a)

<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=11>
[10162308]
Join AD and CD.
In the figure, two circles of equal radii intersect at P and Q. APB and CPD are two straight lines.
–DAF = –ABD  in alt. segment 1A
AC and DB are produced to meet at R. CQ cuts the circle PBDQ at E.
R
–DCG = –CBD  in alt. segment
∵ –ABD + –CBD = 180° adj. s on st. line 1A
C ∴ –DAF + –DCG = 180°
B
P
–DAE = 180° -–DAF adj. s on st. line
A
–DCE = 180° -–DCG adj. s on st. line
E D
–DAE + –DCE = 360° - (–DAF + –DCG)
= 180° 1A
Q  A, D, C, E are concyclic. opp. s supp. 1A
(a) Prove that PE = PC.
(b) Prove that R, C, Q and D are concyclic. (b) –CAE = –CDE s in the same segment 1A
(c) If –CRB = 80° and PD = DQ, find –CQP. –ACE = –CDE  in alt. segment 1A
(11 marks)  –CAE = –ACE
Solution: AE = CE sides opp. eq. s 1A

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.167 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.169
 <bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=14>
(c) [10162703]
In the figure, circle O¢ touches the semi-circle at point S and the diameter POQ at point R. The
radii of semi-circle PSQ and circle O¢ are 18 cm and x cm respectively.
(a) If x = 8, find
(i) OR,
(ii) PR : RQ.
(b) Find the value of x of the following.
(i) PR = RO,
Join AH, HC, EHI, where H is the circumcentre of △ ACD,
I is the intersection point of EH and AC.
(iii)
 
(ii) PR : RO = 1 : 3,
PS : SQ 2 : 3 .
AE = CE (proved in (b)) (Give the answers correct to 2 decimal places if necessary.)
HE = HE (common side)
AH = CH (radii)
 △ AEH @ △ CEH (SSS) 1M+1A
 AEI = CEI (corr. s, △ s) 1A
 EI ⊥ AC (property of isos. △ ) 1M+1A (14 marks)
 EH is perpendicular to AC. 1A Solution:
(a) (i)
Join O¢O, O¢R and O¢S.
<bk=4B><ch=11><type=L2><mark=13> By the property of two touching circles, SO¢O is a straight line.
[10162679] O¢O = SO - SO¢ 1M
In the figure, ABCDE is a regular pentagon inscribed inside a circle. M is the mid-point of AE. CE = 10 cm
and BM are produced to meet at P. Prove that –O¢RO = 90° (tangent ^ radius) 1A
(a) △ APM @ △ EBM, In △O¢RO,
(b) PA is a tangent to the circle, OR  OO 2  OR 2 ( Pyth. theorem )
(c) DC // PA. 6 cm 1A
D C
(ii) PR = PO - OR
= 12 cm
E B
RQ = OR + OQ
M = 24 cm
P ∴ PR : RQ 12 cm : 24 cm
A
1 : 2 1A
(13 marks)
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.170 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4B Chapter 11 P.172