EXERCISE–I

Q.1 The sides AB, BC, CD, DA of a quadrilateral have the equations x + 2y = 3, x = 1, x  3y = 4,
5x + y + 12 = 0 respectively. Find the angle between the diagonals AC & BD.
Q.2 Find the co-ordinates of the orthocentre of the triangle, the equations of whose sides are x + y = 1,
2x + 3y = 6, 4x  y + 4 = 0, without finding the coordinates of its vertices.
Q.3 Two vertices of a triangle are (4, 3) & (2, 5). If the orthocentre of the triangle is at (1, 2), find the
coordinates of the third vertex.
Q.4 The point A divides the join of P (5 , 1) & Q (3, 5) in the ratio K : 1 . Find the two values of K for
which the area of triangle ABC, where B is (1, 5) & C is (7, 2), is equal to 2 units in magnitude.
Q.5 Determine the ratio in which the point P(3 , 5) divides the join of A(1, 3) & B(7, 9). Find the harmonic
conjugate of P w.r.t. A & B.
Q.6 A line is such that its segment between the straight lines 5x  y  4 = 0 and 3x + 4y  4 = 0 is bisected
at the point (1, 5). Obtain the equation.
Q.7 A line through the point P(2, 3) meets the lines x  2y + 7 = 0 and x + 3y  3 = 0 at the points A and
B respectively. If P divides AB externally in the ratio 3 : 2 then find the equation of the line AB.
Q.8 The area of a triangle is 5. Two of its vertices are (2, 1) & (3, 2). The third vertex lies on y = x + 3.
Find the third vertex.
x y x y
Q.9 A variable line, drawn through the point of intersection of the straight lines  = 1 &  = 1,
a b b a
meets the coordinate axes in A & B . Show that the locus of the mid point of AB is the curve
2xy(a + b) = ab(x + y).
Q.10 Two consecutive sides of a parallelogram are 4x + 5y = 0 & 7x + 2y = 0. If the equation to one diagonal
is 11x + 7y = 9, find the equation to the other diagonal.
Q.11 The line 3x + 2y = 24 meets the yaxis at A & the xaxis at B. The perpendicular bisector of AB
meets the line through (0, 1) parallel to xaxis at C. Find the area of the triangle ABC.

Q.12 If the straight line drawn through the point P ( 3 , 2) & making an angle with the xaxis, meets the
6
line 3 x  4y + 8 = 0 at Q. Find the length PQ.
Q.13 Find the condition that the diagonals of the parallelogram formed by the lines
ax + by + c = 0; ax + by + c = 0; ax + by + c = 0 & ax + by + c = 0 are at right angles. Also find
the equation to the diagonals of the parallelogram.
Q.14 If lines be drawn parallel to the axes of co-ordinates from the points where x cos + y sin = p meets
them so as to meet the perpendicular on this line from the origin in the points P and Q then prove that
| PQ | = 4p | cos2 | cosec22.
Q.15 The points (1, 3) & (5, 1) are two opposite vertices of a rectangle. The other two vertices lie on the line
y = 2x + c. Find c & the remaining vertices.
Q.16 A straight line L is perpendicular to the line 5x  y = 1. The area of the triangle formed by the line L & the
coordinate axes is 5. Find the equation of the line.
Q.17 Two equal sides of an isosceles triangle are given by the equations 7x  y + 3 = 0 and x + y  3 = 0 &
its third side passes through the point (1, 10). Determine the equation of the third side.
Q.18 The vertices of a triangle OBC are O (0, 0), B (3,  1), C(1, 3). Find the equation of the line parallel
to BC & intersecting the sides OB & OC, whose perpendicular distance from the point (0, 0) is half.
Q.19 Find the direction in which a straight line may be drawn through the point (2, 1) so that its point of
intersection with the line 4y  4x + 4 + 3 2 + 3 10 = 0 is at a distance of 3 units from (2, 1).
Q.20 Consider the family of lines, 5x + 3y  2 + K1 (3x  y  4) = 0 and x  y + 1 + K2(2x  y  2)=0. Find
the equation of the line belonging to both the families without determining their vertices.
Q.21 Given vertices A (1, 1), B (4, 2) & C (5, 5) of a triangle, find the equation of the perpendicular
dropped from C to the interior bisector of the angle A.
Q.22 If through the angular points of a triangle straight lines be drawn parallel to the opposite sides, and if the
intersections of these lines be joined to the opposite angular points of the traingle then using co-ordinate
geometry, show that the lines so obtained are concurrent.
Q.23 Determine all values of  for which the point (, ²) lies inside the triangle formed by the lines
2x + 3y  1 = 0 ; x + 2y  3 = 0 ; 5x  6y  1 = 0.
Q.24 If the equation, ax2 + 2 hxy + by2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0 represent a pair of straight lines, prove that the
equation to the third pair of straight lines passing through the points where these meet the axes is,
4fg
ax2  2 hxy + by2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c + xy = 0.
c
Q.25 A straight line is drawn from the point (1, 0) to the curve x2 + y2 + 6x  10y + 1 = 0, such that the
intercept made on it by the curve subtends a right angle at the origin. Find the equations of the line.
Q.26 Determine the range of values of   [0, 2 ] for which the point (cos , sin ) lies inside the triangle
formed by the lines x + y = 2 ; x  y = 1 & 6x + 2y  10 = 0.
Q.27 Find the co-ordinates of the incentre of the triangle formed by the line x + y + 1 = 0; x  y + 3 = 0 &
7x  y + 3 = 0. Also find the centre of the circle escribed to 7x  y + 3 = 0.
BD AB
Q.28 In a triangle ABC, D is a point on BC such that = . The equation of the line AD is
DC AC
2x + 3y + 4 = 0 & the equation of the line AB is 3x + 2y + 1 = 0. Find the equation of the line AC.
Q.29 Show that all the chords of the curve 3x2  y2  2x + 4y = 0 which subtend a right angle at the origin
are concurrent. Does this result also hold for the curve, 3x² + 3y²  2x + 4y = 0? If yes, what is
the point of concurrency & if not, give reasons.
Q.30 Without finding the vertices or angles of the triangle, show that the three straight lines au + bv = 0;
au  bv = 2ab and u + b = 0 from an isosceles triangle where u  x + y  b & v  x  y  a & a, b 0.
EXERCISE–II
Q.1 The equations of perpendiculars of the sides AB & AC of triangle ABC are x  y  4 = 0 and
2x  y  5 = 0 respectively. If the vertex A is ( 2, 3) and point of intersection of perpendiculars
3 5
bisectors is  ,  , find the equation of medians to the sides AB & AC respectively..
2 2
Q.2 A line 4x + y = 1 through the point A(2 , 7) meets the line BC whose equation is 3x  4y + 1 = 0
at a point B. Find the equation of the line AC, so that AB = AC.
sin 2 
Q.3 If x cos + y sin = p , where p =  be a straight line, prove that the perpendiculars on this
cos 
straight line from the points (m², 2m), (mm, m + m), (m² , 2m) form a G.P.
Q.4 A(3, 0) and B(6, 0) are two fixed points and P(x1, y1) is a variable point. AP and BP meet the y-axis at
C & D respectively and AD meets OP at Q where 'O' is the origin. Prove that CQ passes through a
fixed point and find its coordinates.
Q.5 Find the equation of the straight lines passing through (2, 7) & having an intercept of length
3 between the straight lines 4x + 3y = 12, 4x + 3y = 3.
Q.6 Let ABC be a triangle with AB = AC. If D is the mid point of BC, E the foot of the perpendicular from
D to AC and F the midpoint of DE, prove analytically that AF is perpendicular to BE.
Q.7 Two sides of a rhombous ABCD are parallel to the lines y = x + 2 & y = 7x + 3. If the diagonals of the
rhombous intersect at the point (1, 2) & the vertex A is on the y-axis, find the possible coordinates of A.
Q.8 The equations of the perpendicular bisectors of the sides AB & AC of a triangle ABC are
x  y + 5 = 0 & x + 2y = 0, respectively. If the point A is (1, 2), find the equation of the line BC.
Q.9 A pair of straight lines are drawn through the origin form with the line 2x + 3y = 6 an isosceles triangle
right angled at the origin. Find the equation of the pair of straight lines & the area of the triangle correct
to two places of decimals.
Q.10 A triangle is formed by the lines whose equations are AB : x + y – 5 = 0, BC : x + 7y – 7 = 0 and
CA : 7x + y + 14 = 0. Find the bisector of the interior angle at B and the exterior angle at C. Determine
the nature of the interior angle at A and find the equaion of the bisector.
Q.11 A point P is such that its perpendicular distance from the line y  2x + 1 = 0 is equal to its distance from
the origin. Find the equation of the locus of the point P. Prove that the line y = 2x meets the locus in two
points Q & R, such that the origin is the mid point of QR.
Q.12 A triangle has two sides y = m1x and y = m2x where m1 and m2 are the roots of the equation
b2 + 2h + a = 0. If (a, b) be the orthocentre of the triangle, then find the equation of the third side in
terms of a, b and h.
Q.13 Find the area of the triangle formed by the straight lines whose equations are x + 2y – 5 = 0;
2x + y – 7 = 0 and x – y + 1 = 0 without determining the coordinates of the vertices of the triangle. Also
compute the tangent of the interior angles of the triangle and hence comment upon the nature of triangle.
Q.14 Find the equation of the two straight lines which together with those given by the equation
6x2  xy  y2 + x + 12y  35 = 0 will make a parallelogram whose diagonals intersect in the origin.
Q.15 Find the equations of the sides of a triangle having (4, 1) as a vertex, if the lines x – 1 = 0 and
x – y 1 = 0 are the equations of two internal bisectors of its angles.
Q.16 Equation of a line is given by y + 2at = t(x  at2), t being the parameter. Find the locus of the point of
intersection of the lines which are at right angles.
Q.17 The ends A, B of a straight line line segment of a constant length 'c' slide upon the fixed rectangular axes
OX & OY respectively. If the rectangle OAPB be completed then show that the locus of the foot of the
perpendicular drawn from P to AB is x2/3 + y2/3 = c2/3.
Q.18 A point moves so that the distance between the feet of the perpendiculars from it on the lines
bx2 + 2hxy + ay2 = 0 is a constant 2d. Show that the equation to its locus is,
(x2 + y2) (h2  ab) = d2{(a  b)2 + 4 h2}
Q.19 The sides of a triangle are Ur x cos r + y sin r  pr = 0, (r = 1, 2, 3). Show that the orthocentre
is given by U1cos(2  3) = U2cos(3  1) = U3cos(1  2).
Q.20 P is the point (1, 2), a variable line through P cuts the x & y axes at A & B respectively Q is the
point on AB such that PA, PQ, PB are H.P. Show that the locus of Q is the line y = 2x.
Q.21 The equations of the altitudes AD, BE, CF of a triangle ABC are x + y = 0, x  4y = 0 and 2x  y =0
respectively. The coordinates of A are (t , t). Find coordinates of B & C. Prove that if t varies the locus
of the centroid of the triangle ABC is x + 5y = 0.
Q.22 A variable line is drawn through O to cut two fixed straight lines L1 & L2 in R & S . A point P is chosen
m n m n
on the variable line such that; =  . Show that the locus of P is a straight line passing the
OP O R O S
point of intersection of L1 & L2.
Q.23 If the lines ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0 from two sides of a parallelogram and the line lx + my = 1 is one
diagonal, prove that the equation of the other diagonal is, y(bl  hm) = x (am  hl)
Q.24 The distance of a point (x1, y1) from each of two straight lines which passes through the origin of
co-ordinates is ; find the combined equation of these straight lines.
Q.25 The base of a triangle passes through a fixed point (f , g) & its sides are respectively bisected at right
angles by the lines y2  8xy  9x2 = 0. Determine the locus of its vertex.
EXERCISE–III
Q.1 The graph of the function, cos x cos (x + 2)  cos2 (x + 1) is:
(A) a straight line passing through (0 ,  sin2 1) with slope 2
(B) a straight line passing through (0 , 0)
(C) a parabola with vertex (1 ,  sin2 1)

(D) a straight line passing through the point  ,sin 21 & parallel to the xaxis. [ JEE '97 , 2]
2 
Q.2 One diagonal of a square is the portion of the line 7x + 5y = 35 intercepted by the axes, obtain the
extremities of the other diagonal . [REE '97, 6 ]
Q.3 A variable line L passing through the point B (2 , 5) intersects the line 2x2  5xy + 2y2 = 0 at P & Q. Find
the locus of the point R on L such that distances BP, BR & BQ are in harmonic progression.
[ REE '98, 6 ]
Q.4(i) Select the correct alternative(s) : [ JEE '98, 2 x 3 = 6 ]
(a) If P (1, 2), Q (4, 6), R (5, 7) & S (a, b) are the vertices of a parallelogram PQRS, then :
(A) a = 2, b = 4 (B) a = 3, b = 4 (C) a = 2, b = 3 (D) a = 3, b = 5
(b) The diagonals of a parallelogram PQRS are along the lines x + 3y = 4 and 6x  2y = 7. Then PQRS
must be a :
(A) rectangle (B) square (C) cyclic quadrilateral (D) rhombus
(c) If the vertices P, Q, R of a triangle PQR are rational points, which of the following points of the triangle
PQR is/are always rational point(s)?
(A) centriod (B) incentre (C) circumcentre (D) orthocentre
(ii) Using coordinate geometry, prove that the three altitudes of any triangle are concurrent. [JEE '98, 8]
Q.5 The equation of two equal sides AB and AC of an isosceles triangle ABC are x + y = 5 & 7x  y = 3
respectively. Find the equations of the side BC if the area of the triangle of ABC is 5 units. [REE '99, 6]
Q.6 Let PQR be a right angled isosceles triangle, right angled at P (2, 1). If the equation of the line
QR is 2x + y = 3, then the equation representing the pair of lines PQ and PR is
(A) 3x2  3y2 + 8xy + 20x + 10y + 25 = 0 (B) 3x2  3y2 + 8xy  20x  10y + 25 = 0
(C) 3x2  3y2 + 8xy + 10x + 15y + 20 = 0 (D) 3x2  3y2  8xy  10x  15y  20 = 0
[JEE'99, (2 out of 200)]
Q.7 (a)  
The incentre of the triangle with vertices 1 , 3 , (0, 0) and (2, 0) is :

 3 2 1  2 3  1 
(A)  1 ,  (B)  ,  (C)  ,  (D)  1 , 
 2  3 3 3 2   3
 (b) Let PS be the median of the triangle with vertices, P (2, 2) , Q (6, - 1) and R (7, 3) . The
equation of the line passing through (1,  1) and parallel to PS is :
(A) 2 x  9 y  7 = 0 (B) 2 x  9 y  11 = 0
(C) 2 x + 9 y  11 = 0 (D) 2 x + 9 y + 7 = 0
[ JEE 2000 (Screening) 1 + 1 out of 35 ]
(c) For points P = (x1, y1) and Q = (x2, y2) of the co-ordinate plane, a new distance d(P, Q) is
defined by d (P, Q) = x1  x2 + y1  y2 . Let O = (0, 0) and A = (3, 2). Prove that the set
of points in the first quadrant which are equidistant (with respect to the new distance) from O
and A consists of the union of a line segment of finite length and an infinite ray. Sketch this set in
a labelled diagram. [ JEE 2000 (Mains) 10 out of 100 ]
Q.8 Find the position of point (4, 1) after it undergoes the following transformations successively.
(i) Reflection about the line, y = x  1
(ii) Translation by one unit along x  axis in the positive direction .

(iii) Rotation through an angle about the origin in the anticlockwise direction.
4
[ REE 2000 (Mains) 3 out of 100 ]
Q.9 Area of the parallelogram formed by the lines y = mx, y = mx + 1, y = nx and y = nx + 1 equals
mn 2 1 1
(A) (B) m  n (C) m  n (D) m  n
(m  n) 2
[ JEE 2001 (Screening) ]
Q.10 (a) Let P = (–1, 0), Q = (0, 0) and R = (3, 3 3 ) be three points. Then the equation of the bisector
of the angle PQR is
3 3
(A) x+y=0 (B) x + 3y=0 (C) 3x+y=0 (D) x + y=0
2 2
(b) A straight line through the origin O meets the parallel lines 4x + 2y = 9 and 2x + y + 6 = 0 at
points P and Q respectively. Then the point O divides the segment PQ in the ratio
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 3 : 4 (C) 2 : 1 (D) 4 : 3
(c) The area bounded by the curves y = |x| – 1 and y = –|x| + 1 is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 2 2 (D) 4
[JEE 2002 (Screening)]
(d) A straight line L through the origin meets the line x+ y = 1 and x + y = 3 at P and Q respectively.
Through P and Q two straight lines L1 and L2 are drawn, parallel to 2x – y = 5 and 3x + y = 5
respectively. Lines L1 and L2 intersect at R. Show that the locus of R, as L varies, is a straight
line. [JEE 2002 (Mains)]
Q.11 The area bounded by the angle bisectors of the lines x2 – y2 + 2y = 1 and the line x + y = 3, is
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 6
[JEE 2004 (Screening)]
Q.12 The area of the triangle formed by the intersection of a line parallel to x-axis and passing through P (h, k)
with the lines y = x and x + y = 2 is 4h2. Find the locus of the point P. [JEE 2005, Mains, 2]
 ANSWER SHEET
EXERCISE–I
 3 22  31
Q 1. 90° Q 2.  ,  Q 3. (33, 26) Q 4. K = 7 or
7 7  9
Q 5. 1 : 2 ; Q (5, 3) Q 6. 83x  35y + 92 = 0 Q 7. 2x + y 1 = 0
7 13
Q 8.  ,  or   , 
3 3
Q 10. x  y = 0 Q 11. 91 sq.units
2 2   2 2
Q 12. 6 units Q 13. a2 + b2 = a2 + b2 ; (a + a')x + (b + b')y + (c + c') = 0 ; (a  a')x + (b  b')y = 0
Q 15. c =  4 ; B(2 , 0) ; D(4 , 4) Q 16. x + 5y + 5 2 = 0 or x + 5y  5 2 = 0
Q 17. x  3y  31 = 0 or 3x + y + 7 = 0 Q 18. 2x + 2y + 2 =0 Q 19.  9°,  81°
Q 20. 5x  2y  7 = 0 Q.21 x  5 = 0
3 1 5
Q23.      1     1 Q 25. x + y = 1 ; x + 9y = 1 Q 26. 0 <  <  tan1 3
2 2 6
1 2
Q 27. (1, 1) ; (4, 1) Q 28. 9x + 46y + 83 = 0 Q29. (1, 2) , yes  ,  
3 3
EXERCISE–II
Q.1 x + 4y = 4 ; 5x + 2y = 8 Q 2. 52x + 89y + 519 = 0 Q.4 (2, 0)
5
Q.5 7x + 24y + 182 = 0 or x =  2 Q.7 (0 , 0) or  0 ,  Q.8 14x + 23y = 40
 2
Q.9 x  5y = 0 or 5x + y = 0 , Area = 2.77 sq.units
Q.10 3x + 6y – 16 = 0 ; 8x + 8y + 7 = 0 ; 12x + 6y – 11 = 0
Q.11 x² + 4y² + 4xy + 4x  2y  1 = 0 Q.12 (a + b) ( ax + by) = ab( a + b 2h)
3  3
Q.13 sq. units,  3, 3,  , isosceles Q.14 6x²  xy  y²  x  12y  35 = 0
2  4
Q.15 2x  y + 3 = 0, 2x  y  7 = 0, x  2y  6 = 0 Q.16 y² = a(x  3a)

Q.21 B  
2t t t 
,   , C  , t 
 3 6 2 
Q.24 (y12 2) x2  2 x1y1 xy + (x12 2) y2 = 0 Q.25 4 (x2 + y2) + (4g + 5f) x + (4f  5g) y = 0

EXERCISE–III
Q.1 D Q.2 (1 , 1) & (6 , 6)
Q.3 17x  10y = 0 Q.4 (i) (a) C (b) D (c) A, C, D
Q.5 x  3 y + 21 = 0 , x  3 y + 1 = 0 , 3 x + y = 12 , 3 x + y = 2 Q.6 B
Q.7 (a) D (b) D 
Q.8 (4, 1)  (2, 3)  (3, 3)  0 , 3 2 
Q.9 D Q.10 (a) C ; (b) B ; (c) B ; (d) x – 3y + 5 = 0
Q.11 A Q.12 y = 2x + 1, y = – 2x + 1