The document discusses various types of footings used in foundation design, including isolated, combined, strip, mat, and pile foundations, each serving specific structural needs. It highlights the importance of load distribution, soil bearing capacity, structural strength, reinforcement requirements, and stability in footing design. Additionally, it explains caisson foundations and cantilever footings as specialized options for transferring loads effectively.
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The document discusses various types of footings used in foundation design, including isolated, combined, strip, mat, and pile foundations, each serving specific structural needs. It highlights the importance of load distribution, soil bearing capacity, structural strength, reinforcement requirements, and stability in footing design. Additionally, it explains caisson foundations and cantilever footings as specialized options for transferring loads effectively.
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LESSON 12:
LESSON 12: 6. Caisson (Drilled Shaft) Foundation
Similar to a pile foundation but larger in diameter. Transfers loads to deep, strong soil layers or bedrock. What is a Footing? 7. Cantilever or Strap Footing A footing is a structural element that transmits loads from a building or structure safely to the ground. It is A combined footing where a strap beam part of the foundation system and provides stability connects an exterior column footing to an by distributing loads over a sufficient area to prevent interior footing. excessive settlement and ensure the soil’s bearing Used to balance loads and avoid excessive capacity is not exceeded. eccentricity
Types of Footings Design Considerations
1. Isolated Footing 1. Load Distribution Supports individual columns. Footings should distribute loads evenly to Common shapes: square, rectangular, circular. prevent differential settlement. Can be designed as pad footings or stepped footings. 2. Soil Bearing Capacity 2. Combined Footing Must ensure that soil can support the applied loads without failure. Supports two or more columns that are closely spaced. Used when isolated footings overlap or when a 3. Structural Strength column is near a property line. Typically rectangular or trapezoidal in shape. Footings must be designed to resist bending, shear, and punching shear. 3. Strip or Continuous Footing 4. Reinforcement Requirements Supports a line of columns or a wall. Used in load-bearing wall construction. Reinforcement is added to increase strength and Runs continuously under a row of columns. durability. Must follow NSCP and ACI code provisions. 4. Mat or Raft Foundation 5. Eccentricity and Stability A single, thick slab that covers the entire footprint of the structure. Footings should be designed to minimize Used when the soil-bearing capacity is low. eccentric loads to prevent tilting. Provides uniform load distribution over a large area.
5. Pile Foundation
Used when the surface soil is weak.
Transfers loads to deeper, stable soil layers or bedrock. Includes end-bearing piles and
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