Process Dynamics and Control 4th Edition Seborg

Solutions Manual download pdf

https://testbankfan.com/product/process-dynamics-and-control-4th-
edition-seborg-solutions-manual/

Visit testbankfan.com to explore and download the complete

collection of test banks or solution manuals!
 We believe these products will be a great fit for you. Click
the link to download now, or visit testbankfan.com
to discover even more!

Process Systems Analysis and Control 3rd Edition

Coughanowr Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/process-systems-analysis-and-
control-3rd-edition-coughanowr-solutions-manual/

Process Control Modeling Design And Simulation 1st Edition

Bequette Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/process-control-modeling-design-and-
simulation-1st-edition-bequette-solutions-manual/

Process Control Instrumentation Technology 8th Edition

Johnson Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/process-control-instrumentation-
technology-8th-edition-johnson-solutions-manual/

Governing Texas 3rd Edition Champagne Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/governing-texas-3rd-edition-champagne-
test-bank/
Applied Calculus 7th Edition Berresford Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/applied-calculus-7th-edition-
berresford-solutions-manual/

Financial Accounting 9th Edition Weygandt Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/financial-accounting-9th-edition-
weygandt-solutions-manual/

Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense 1st Edition

Simpson Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/hands-on-ethical-hacking-and-network-
defense-1st-edition-simpson-solutions-manual/

Globalization Diversity Geography of a Changing World 5th

Edition Rowntree Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/globalization-diversity-geography-of-
a-changing-world-5th-edition-rowntree-solutions-manual/

Scientific American Biology for a Changing World with Core

Physiology 2nd Edition Shuster Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/scientific-american-biology-for-a-
changing-world-with-core-physiology-2nd-edition-shuster-test-bank/
Contemporary Auditing Real Issues and Cases 8th Edition
Knapp Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/contemporary-auditing-real-issues-and-
cases-8th-edition-knapp-solutions-manual/
 Chapter 9 ©

9.1

a) Flow rate transmitter:

 15 psig - 3 psig 
qm(psig)=   (q gpm - 0 gpm)  3 psig
 400 gpm-0 gpm 
 psig 
=  0.03  q(gpm)  3 psig
 gpm 
Pressure transmitter:

 20 mA - 4 mA 
Pm(mA)=   ( p in.Hg  10 in.Hg)  4 mA
 30 in.Hg - 10 in.Hg 
 mA 
=  0.8  p(in.Hg)  4 mA
 in.Hg 
Level transmitter:

 5 VDC - 1 VDC 
hm(VDC)=   (h(m) - 0.5m)  1 VDC
 10 m - 0.5 m 
 VDC 
=  0.421  h(m)  0.789 VDC
 m 
Concentration transmitter:
 10 VDC - 1 VDC 
Cm(VDC)=   (C (g/L)-3 g/L)+1 VDC
 20 g/L - 3 g/L 
 VDC 
=  0.529  C (g/L)  0.59VDC
 g/L 

b) The gains, zeros and spans are:

Flow Pressure Level Concentration

Gain 0.03 psig/gpm 0.8 mA/in.Hg 0.421 VDC/m 0.529 VDC/g/L
Zero 0 gpm 10 in.Hg 0.5 m 3 g/L
Span 400 gpm 20 in.Hg 9.5 m 17 g/L

9.2

[Type here] 9-1

[Type here]
a) The safest conditions are achieved by the lowest temperatures and pressures
in the flash vessel.

VALVE 1.- Fail close (air-to-open)

VALVE 2.- Fail open (air-to-close)
VALVE 3.- Fail open (air-to-close)
VALVE 4.- Fail open (air-to-close)
VALVE 5.- Fail close (air-to-open)

Setting valve 1 as fail close prevents more heat from going to flash drum and
setting valve 3 as fail open to allow the steam chest to drain. Setting valve 3
as fail open prevents pressure build up in the vessel. Valve 4 should be fail-
open to evacuate the system and help keep pressure low. Valve 5 should be
fail-close to prevent any additional pressure build-up.

b) Vapor flow to downstream equipment can cause a hazardous situation

VALVE 1.- Fail close (air-to-open)

VALVE 2.- Fail open (air-to-close)
VALVE 3.- Fail close (air-to-open)
VALVE 4.- Fail open (air-to-close)
VALVE 5.- Fail close (air-to-open)

Setting valve 1 as fail close (air-to-open) prevents more heat from entering
flash drum and minimizes future vapor production. Setting valve 2 as fail
open (air-to-close) will allow the steam chest to be evacuated, setting valve 3
as fail close (air-to-open) prevents vapor from escaping the vessel. Setting
valve 4 as fail open (air-to-close) allows liquid to leave, preventing vapor
build up. Setting valve 4 as fail close (air-to-open) prevents pressure buildup.

c) Liquid flow to downstream equipment can cause a hazardous situation

VALVE 1.- Fail close (air-to-open)

VALVE 2.- Fail open (air-to-close)
VALVE 3.- Fail open (air-to-close)
VALVE 4.- Fail close (air-to-open)
VALVE 5.- Fail close (air-to-open)

Set valve 1 as fail close to prevent all the liquid from being vaporized (This
would cause the flash drum to overheat). Setting valve 2 as fail open will
allow the steam chest to be evacuated. Setting valve 3 as fail open prevents
pressure buildup in drum. Setting valve 4 as fail close prevents liquid from
escaping. Setting valve 5 as fail close prevents liquid build-up in drum

9-2
9.3

Note: This exercise is best understood after the material in Ch. 11 has been considered.

a) Changing the span of the temperature transmitter will change its steady-state
gain, according to Eq. 9-1. Because the performance of the closed-loop
system depends on the gains of each individual element (cf. Chapter 11),
closed-loop stability could be adversely affected.

b) Changing the zero of a transmitted does not affect its gain. Thus, this change
will not affect closed-loop stability.

c) Changing the control valve trim will change the (local) steady-state gain of
the control valve, dq/dp. Because the performance of the closed-loop system
depends on the gains of each individual element (cf. Chapter 11), closed-loop
stability could be adversely affected

d) For this process, changing the feed flow rate could affect both its steady-state
gain and its dynamic characteristics (e.g., time constant and time delay).
Because the performance of the closed-loop system depends on the gains of
each individual element (cf. Chapter 11), closed-loop stability could be
adversely affected.

9.4

Starting from Eq. 9-7:

q
Cv  (1)
Pv
Nf (l )
gs

The pressure drop in the valve is:

Pv  P  Ps (2)
where
Ps  Kq 2 (3)
Solve for K by plugging in the nominal values of q and Ps . First, convert
the nominal value of q into units of m3/h to match the metric units version
of N (the parameter N = 0.0865 m3/h(Kpa)1/2 when q has units of m3/h and
pressure has units of KPa).

9-3
 qd  0.6 m3 / min  36 m3 / h
Psd  200 kPa
Psd 200 kPa
K 2
 2  0.154 kPa/(m3 /h) 2
qd 36 (m3 /h)2
Now substitute (3) into (2) to get an expression for Pv in terms of q.
Pv  P  Kq 2 (4)
Substitute (4) into (1) to get:
q
Cv  (5)
P  Kq 2
Nf (l )
gs
The problem specifies that qd should be 2/3 of qmax (where qmax is the flow
rate through the valve when the valve is fully open).
2
qd  qmax
3
3 3
qmax  qd  36 m3 /h
2 2
qmax  54m /h 3

Now find the Cv that will give qmax = 54 m3/h. Substitute q = qmax and f (l)=1
(valve fully open) into (5).
qmax
Cv 
P  Kqmax 2
N
gs
Now that all of the variables on the right hand side of the equation are
known, plug in to solve for Cv.
kPa m3
P  450 kPa, K  0.154 3 , N  0.0865 ,
(m / h) 2 h(kPa)1/2
g s  1.2, qmax  54 m3 /h
m3
54
Cv  h
kPa
3 450kPa  0.154 3 2
54 2 (m 3 /h) 2
m (m /h)
0.0865
h(kPa)1/2 1.2
m3 m3
54 54
 h  h
0.0865
m3
h(kPa)1/2
 0.88(kPa)1/2
 0.076
m3
h
Cv  710.5

9-4
9.5

Let Pv/Ps = 0.33 at the nominal q  320 gpm

Ps = Pb+ Po = 40 + 1.953  10-4 q2

Pv= P - Ps = (1 –2.44  10-6 q2)PDE – (40 + 1.953  10-4 q2)

(1 - 2.44  10 -6  320 2 )PDE - (40 + 1.953  10 -4  320 2 )

 0.33
(40 + 1.953  10 -4  320 2 )

PDE = 106.4 psi

Let qd= q  320 gpm

For the rated Cv, the valve is completely open at 110% qd i.e., at 352 gpm or the
upper limit of 350 gpm

1

 p  2
Cv  q  v 
 gs 
1

 (1  2.44 106  3502 )106.4  (40  1.953  104  3502 )  2
Cv  350  
 0.9 

Then using Eq. 9-27,

 q  66.4  4.55  10  4 q 2 
1 / 2

ln    
101.6  0.9  
l  1
ln 50

The plot of the valve characteristic is shown in Figure S9.5. From the plot of the
valve characteristic for the rated Cv of 101.6, it is evident that the characteristic is
reasonably linear in the operating region 250  q  350.

The pumping cost could be further reduced by lowering PDE to a value that would
make Pv/Ps = 0.25 at q  320 gpm. Then PDE = 100 and for qd = 320 gpm, the
rated Cv = 133.5. However, as the plot shows, the valve characteristic for this design
is only slightly more nonlinear in the operating region. Hence, the selected valve
coefficient is Cv = 133.5.

9-5
 400

350

300

250

q (gpm)
200

150

------- Cv = 101.6
100

- - - - Cv = 133.5
50

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
l (valve lift)

Figure S9.5. Control valve characteristics.

9.6

a) There are three control valves. The selection of air-to-close vs. air-to-open is
based on safety considerations:

i. Steam control valve: Air-to-open to prevent overheating of the

evaporator.
ii. Level control valve (that adjusts liquid flow rate B): Air-to-open to
prevent the steam coils from being exposed to the vapor space,
which could lead the coils to being burned out.
iii. Pressure control valve (that adjusts solvent flow rate D): Air-to-close
to prevent over-pressurization of the evaporator.

b) For the three controllers:

i. Concentration controller: As the product concentration xB increases,

we want the steam pressure, Ps to increase. Since the steam valve is
air-to-open, this means that the controller output signal to the control
valve (via the I/P) should increase. Thus, the controller should be
direct-acting.

9-6
 ii. Level controller: As the liquid level h increases, we want the product
flow rate B to increase. Since the control valve is air-to-open, this
means that the controller output signal to the control valve (via the
I/P) should increase. Thus, the controller should be direct-acting.
iii. Pressure controller: As the pressure P increases, we want the solvent
flow rate D to increase. Since the control valve is air-to-close, this
means that the controller output signal to the control valve (via the
I/P) should decrease. Thus, the controller should be reverse-acting.

9.7

Because the system dynamic behavior would be described using deviation

variables, the dynamic characteristic can be analyzed by considering that the input
terms (not involving x) can be considered to be constant, and thus deviations are
zero. The starting form is the linear homogeneous ODE:
M d 2x dx
2
 R  Kx  0
gc dt dt
Taking the Laplace transform gives,
M 
X ( s)  s 2  Rs  K   0
 gc 
 M 2 R 
X ( s)  s  s  1  0
 Kgc K 
Calculate and ζ by comparing this equation to the standard form of the second-
order model in (5-39) (keeping in mind that gc = 32.174 lbm ft/(lbf s2)).

M
  0.00965s
Kg c
M R
2  2 
Kg c K
R gc
  155.3
2 KM

The valve characteristics are highly overdamped and can be accurately

approximated by a first-order model obtained by neglecting the d2x/dt2 term.

9-7
9.8

Configuration I: This series configuration will not be very effective because a

large flow rate has to pass through a small control valve. Thus, the pressure drop
will be very large and flow control will be ineffective.

Configuration II: This parallel configuration will be effective because the large
control valve can be adjusted to provide the nominal flow rate, while the small
control valve can be used to regulate the flow rate. If the small valve reaches its
maximum or minimum value, the large valve can be adjusted slightly so that the
small valve is about half open, thus allowing it to regulate flow again.

9.9

First write down the time-domain step response for a step change of 10°C. Then
solve the equation to find when y(t) is equal to 5 (since the variables are in deviation
variables, this represents when TM will reach 30°C).

ym (t )  KM (1  e  t / )
where M  10o C, K  1, and   10s
ym (t )  10(1  e  t /10 )
5  10(1  e  ta /10 )
ta  6.93s

Therefore, the alarm will sound 6.93 seconds after 1:10PM.

9.10

0.1 psig
 precision =  0.5% of full scale
20 psig
 accuracy is unknown since the "true" pressure in the tank is unknown
0.1 psig
 resolution =  0.5% of full scale
20 psig

±0.1 psig
 repeatability = =±0.5% of full scale
20 psig

9-8
9.11

Assume that the gain of the sensor/transmitter is unity (i.e. there is no steady-state
measurement error). Then,

Tm ( s ) 1

T ( s) ( s  1)(0.1s  1)

where T is the temperature being measured and Tm is the measured value. For the
ramp temperature change:
0.3
T  (t) = 0.3t (C/s) , T  (s) = 2
s
1 0.3
Tm ( s)   2
( s  1)(0.1s  1) s

Tm (t )  0.00333e10t  0.333et  0.3t  0.33

The maximum error occurs as t :

Maximum error = |0.3t  (0.3t  0.33)| = 0.33 C

If the smaller time constant is neglected, the time domain response is slightly
different for small values of t, although the maximum error (t) does not change.

T °C
6
5
4
3
2
1
0 Time s
0 5 10 15 20
Figure S9.11. Response for process temperature sensor/transmitter. Orange solid
line is T’(t), and purple dashed line is T’m(t).

9-9
Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Space-Wolf
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this
ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the
United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where
you are located before using this eBook.

Title: Space-Wolf

Author: Ray Cummings

Illustrator: Ed Smalle

Release date: April 22, 2020 [eBook #61895]

Most recently updated: October 17, 2024

Language: English

Credits: Produced by Greg Weeks, Mary Meehan and the Online

Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SPACE-WOLF ***

SPACE-WOLF
 By RAY CUMMINGS

The lure of precious zolonite drew Morgan

to barren Titan—to find a weird beast-empire
ruled by a cold-eyed Earth-girl queen.

[Transcriber's Note: This etext was produced from

Planet Stories Summer 1941.
Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that
the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.]
Solo Morgan laid his small portable spectroscope on the rock and sat
down beside it to rest. He was panting, breathless from the climb up
to these precipitous heights, even though the gravity here on Titan
was less than that of Earth. It was night. The pallid little Sun had
swiftly set behind a distant line of jagged mountain peaks. At the
other horizon Saturn was rising, a monstrous glowing ball with a
foreshortened segment of the rings spreading in a great iridescent
flame of pale prismatic color across half the sky.
From here, Solo Morgan could just see the tiny blob of his one-man
space-ship where he had left it down in the hollow. "He travels
fastest who travels alone," had always been Solo Morgan's motto.
But now at the age of twenty-eight, a big, rangy, handsome fellow
with curly, crisp brown hair, it seemed to Morgan that he was
somewhat a failure. So far he had failed to strike it rich; and a single
big strike had always been what he was after. He set his jaw grimly
as he thought of it. Well, now was the time. There was a lode of
Zolonite here on this moon of Saturn. The spectroscopic evidence of
it had been faint, yet unmistakable. Doubtless it was a single, small
concentration; Zolonite perhaps in an almost pure state. Immensely
more valuable than radium; more valuable, than any other
radioactive substance known to earth.
Morgan stood up, rested, to continue his climb. By all that he had
been able to determine from the faint spectroscopic bands, and the
intensity registers which he had so carefully used in that circling
flight around the bleak, uninhabited satellite, the Zolonite deposit
must be somewhere in this neighborhood. The radiometer had
seemed to indicate gathering strength as he climbed. Perhaps it
would be beyond this next rise, where now he could see a ragged
plateau thick with a lush, fantastic blue-gray vegetation.
He started forward; and suddenly from nearby there was a sharp
crack, an explosive report with a stab of yellow-red flame that
mingled with the iridescent sheen of Saturn's glow. And there was a
ping, a tanging whistle past his head with a thud against one of the
nearby rocks where a leaden pellet flattened itself and dropped
beside him.
An old-fashioned bullet! Morgan dropped to the rocks, into a shadow
from which in a moment he cautiously raised his head. There was
nothing to be seen, except that from a distant clump a little spiral of
smoke was rising. What in the devil was this? Titan, so far as anyone
knew, was uninhabited. For a second it had flashed to Morgan that it
might be a band of space-pirates who had followed him here.
But an old-fashioned bullet-projector! Modern space-pirates would
laugh at such a thing! They had nothing but the most modern
electronic flash-guns, as Morgan himself in several classes could well
testify. Explosive bullet-projectors were museum pieces now. Yet
here was one on Titan, handled by somebody, trying to drill him!
Thoughts are instant things. Morgan was flat in the rock hollow. And
as he cautiously raised his head there came another crack. The
bullet thudded into the metal of his tri-cornered hat, knocking it off.
Too close for comfort. His flash-cylinder was in his hand. He sent a
bolt sizzling against the distant rocks. It hit nothing but the rocks;
but now, abruptly to one side of where he had struck, he saw a
flutter—a blue-white drape fluttering in the iridescent light. And in
the silence there was a frightened, startled cry. A girl's voice! In that
second she had dropped back into the rock-clump. But Morgan had
seen her; a white-limbed girl clad in blue drapes, with dark hair
flowing down over her shoulders.
Amazement was on Morgan's rugged bronzed face. But his grim lips
twitched into a vague, startled smile. Holding the metal hat-brim, he
raised the hat. A bullet thudded into it. Her aim was certainly too
good to trifle with! Cautiously he stared out over the glowing
iridescent rocks. There was no sign of movement; no sound save the
distant reverberations of the girl's last shot. Morgan quietly
discarded his equipment; his cylinders of synthetic food, water, the
radiometer and the big insulated leaden cylinder in which he hoped
to take home the Zolonite-concentrate. Thus unburdened he hitched
himself back into a deeper hollow. Then he stood half erect, with his
gun clipped to his belt, tensing his leg muscles for a jump. She
might be able to wing him in the air during the arc of his leap, but
he doubted it.
There was a rock-ledge some thirty feet away over a little chasm.
The crouching Morgan eyed it, took a few running, crouching steps,
straightened and leaped. His body sailed in a great flattened arc over
the chasm. There was another startled exclamation from the girl;
another explosive report, but the bullet went wide. Morgan,
chuckling, landed in a heap on the ledge, behind a little line of
intervening rocks. He could stand erect here, unseen by the girl. The
line of rocks extended diagonally toward her. Morgan ducked along
behind them. He ran perhaps a hundred feet, crouched down again
where there was a break in his rocky shield.

He could see her plainly now. She was a huddled blob with a long-
barreled bullet-gun resting in a rock crevice as she peered out at the
line of rocks behind which his leap had carried him. He was much
nearer to her now; not over twenty feet. And he cautiously peered,
more amazed than ever. The pearly, glowing sheen of the Saturn-
light glistened on her skin. Her oval face, framed by her flowing
black hair, was set and grim, but he could see that it was a beautiful
face.
"What the devil," Morgan muttered to himself. He had clipped his
gun to his broad leather belt. Still grimly smiling, he picked up a
huge chunk of the porous gray-black Titan rock and heaved it. The
rock sailed over the girl; fell with a clatter behind her. It made her
give another startled cry as she aimed toward the sound.
And simultaneously, Morgan leaped again—with a bound that carried
him back over the gully, and landed him almost at the girl's side. She
screamed, tried to struggle to her feet, with the gun jerking around.
But Morgan gripped the barrel.
"Easy," he murmured. "Don't get excited; I won't hurt you." He
thought that his tone, if perhaps not his words, would quiet her. And
then she gasped,
"You—you let me alone!"
She spoke English! Morgan was beyond being amazed at anything
now. He snatched the rusty old gun from her and tossed it away.
She stood docile within his grip, terrified, but defiant. She was
younger than he had thought, not over sixteen or seventeen
probably. Her single, blue-gray garment, he could see now, was
tattered, frayed. It had the look of a fabric fragile with age. It fell
from her pink-white shoulders to her thighs. A crudely fashioned
animal-skin belt girdled her slender waist. Leather thongs crossed
her breast, modeling the dress, and her long black hair lay there in a
tangle. Her feet were bare, with toughened soles from long walking
on these jagged rocks.
"Let me alone," she was muttering. She stood swaying backward in
his grip, her dark eyes watchful, alert. He could not miss now the
wildness upon her, a weird mixture of savagery and civilization. She
looked as though she were figuring only how she could kill him.
"Well," he said, "I don't get this at all. What's your name?"
"Nada," she gasped.
"Nothing else? You speak English so you're from Earth. Now how in
the devil—"
She suddenly twitched away from him, but he caught her and again
she stood panting.
"Now listen, take it easy," he said. He drew her down to the rock,
and sat beside her, still holding her. "So your name's Nada? Well,
Nada, let's talk about this. But first, the main idea is, I'm not going
to hurt you, an' I damn' sure won't let you kill me. Get the idea?"
"Yes. I understand."
"Well, in a nutshell, I'm Morgan—Solo Morgan. Here alone. You
might want to call me Tom; that was my original name. I'm here
looking for a precious metal. I hope I find it, because it'll make me
rich back on earth. And the last thing I did expect to find, here on
this God-forsaken little satellite, was a pretty girl like you."
It somewhat startled Solo Morgan that his heart seemed beating
faster as he stared at her and felt her resisting arms within his grip.
An interest in the opposite sex had never been one of his failings. It
was completely contrary to his theory that he travels fastest who
travels alone.
But this somehow was different, startlingly different. "That's my
story," he finished. "Now it's your turn."
Normally, Solo Morgan always had been alert, under all
circumstances, to possible danger. But he was absorbed now. He
hadn't noticed the faint sound of flapping wings behind him, nor
noticed the weird-looking bird-shape which passed over his head,
and vanished as it dropped down into a rock-clump a hundred feet
away.
But Nada saw it. Her gaze, like the gaze of a trapped animal, was
darting around the iridescent darkness. Her hearing, far keener than
Morgan's, heard a faint cawing call, as though a parrot were
chattering.
She tensed in Morgan's grip. "Stop it," he said. "You can't get away
from me. What other name have you got besides Nada?"
"Nada Livingston. I was from Nairobi."
He stared. The name was vaguely familiar. "Dr. Carter Livingston?"
he murmured.
"Yes. That was my father."
Morgan remembered now. He had been a boy of ten or eleven when
the name of Dr. Carter Livingston had been notorious all over the
world. He was a cracked old scientist living in East Africa. As Morgan
remembered it, Carter Livingston had had some theory that the wild
animals of earth should be protected from the cruelty of man. He
wanted laws that no animals should be hunted. Then he had gone to
Africa, with new theories that animals were only different forms of
humans; undeveloped, untaught, but with a latent ability for learning
which no human had yet recognized. Then there were rumors that in
the African jungle, Carter Livingston and his young wife had
established a trained-animal zoo. Wild tales. Parrots, with their
pseudo-human vocal cords, not only chattering English words, but
putting a childish but human intelligence into them. Apes that could
mouth human words, and think human thoughts. Then Livingston's
wife had died, leaving him an infant daughter. There had been some
incidents of violence—Livingston's trained apes accused of raiding a
nearby Masai village, and killing some of the black children whose
fathers had been hunting wild animals in the neighborhood.
Livingston had denied the thing as fantastic. But the British
authorities had descended upon his animal-colony and cleaned it
out. In a rage, Livingston, with his infant daughter, had disappeared.
Morgan had been murmuring the story. "That was your father?" he
said.
"Yes. We came here. He died just a little while ago."
Morgan drew in his breath. "And now you're living alone here on
Titan?"
"Alone? Why—"
He heard the flapping wings this time. Startled, his hands dropped
from the girl's shoulders as he turned around. A great birdlike shape
was fluttering past overhead; a blue thing like a big flamingo. A
grotesque bird. Its body seemed feathered, but its huge wings were
naked membrane, pointed like a bat's. Its head was round, with a
little glistening skull and a great hawked nose.
"Caw—caw—coming, Nada—coming, Nada."
In that second Morgan sucked in his breath at the gruesome,
chattering cry. Just a monstrous parrot? It seemed more than that.
It darted down, swooping on as though it were about to attack.
Then it suddenly darted up, dropped back of a nearby rock.
"Coming—help—Nada—"
Its eerie cackled words still sounded. Morgan had snatched out his
flash gun. Nada was clutching at him now.
"Don't!" she murmured. "That's my friend. You—you must not."
Hairy shapes abruptly were materializing from the rocks behind
Morgan. He heard a low whining bark; whirled to see a monstrous,
shaggy, red-haired animal coming at him. It suggested an ape, yet
was unlike one. A large body on two long shaggy legs, with long,
dangling arms. A bushy tail, wildly swishing. A round head, with the
shaggy red hair dangling over its face where eyes were shining and
a mouth was growling.
Morgan's gun flashed. But with a cry Nada had knocked up his arm.
The bolt went sizzling into the air, with its tiny crack of thunder
rolling in muffled reverberations out through the shining night. He
had no chance to fire again. The shaggy, oncoming thing pounced.
Morgan was aware only that behind it there were others like it. The
shaggy body knocked him backward. From its padded paws, fingers
like claws came out—bluish fingers like the hands of an ape,
clutching at his throat, strangling him. Then he heard the whizz of a
thrown chunk of rock. It cracked on his skull so that all the shining
darkness burst into a roaring glare of light in his head. Then the light
swiftly faded as he sank into the soundless abyss of
unconsciousness.

"You're better now?"

He was vaguely aware that cool water was running down his face
from his hair and that Nada's voice was softly murmuring to him.
"You are better now? Don't die. Tamo is sorry that he hit you."
His eyelids had fluttered up. He knew now that she was sponging a
wound in his scalp. And all he could see was a blurred interior, and
the blurred blob of Nada bending over him. Then her outline
clarified. He was lying on something soft, and she was sitting beside
him.
"All right," he murmured. He grinned. "That was some crack
somebody or something gave me."
Her face lighted with relief. "One of my goths," she said. "He's
sorry.... No, you lie quiet now." He was trying to struggle up on one
elbow, but she shoved him back. Beside him there was a cracked old
china wash basin. The water in it with which she was sponging his
head was red with his blood.
"Guess I'm all right now," he muttered. His hand went to his belt.
His gun was gone.
"Just lie quiet. You'll be all right in a few minutes."
He was weak and dizzy; his body bathed in cold sweat. For another
minute he closed his eyes and she went on silently sponging his
head. He remembered now, vaguely, that he had been conscious
enough to realize that he had been dragged here by the weird red-
haired animals. It had evidently not been far. Dimly he seemed to
recall that they had plunged underground, where there were
phosphorescent rocks to light up the subterranean passages with an
eerie glow.
He opened his eyes again. He could see that phosphorescent glow
through the window-openings here. He was in a room—a little grotto
with tattered, faded fabric drapes on its walls, a rug on its floor. And
two or three pieces of weird-looking, old-fashioned earth-style
furniture.
Presently he was sitting up. "I'm all right," he declared. "Thanks,
Nada." His hand went to his head. "I guess it's stopped bleeding."
"Yes. I think so." She was gazing at him with interest now, and
Morgan realized he was the only man she had ever seen, except her
father. Her bosom rose and fell under the bodice of her tattered
dress with her emotion.
Morgan understood that faded, old-fashioned earth-dress now. They
had been her mother's clothes. And he understood the furnishings.
He saw now that a bookcase in a corner of the cave-room contained
half a dozen shelves of books. And on a rickety table stood a small
portable sewing machine; a hoop with embroidery; needles and
thread and a garment in process of mending.
Her little world. Solo Morgan gazed around him, from where he lay
on a camp cot, and was astonished at the thoughts he was thinking
and the emotion he was feeling.
"Tell me about yourself," he said gently. "This is your home, eh?"
"Yes," she agreed. She told him how her father had brought her up
here, how he had taught her from the books which he had brought
with them.
Queer that there on this moon of Saturn, the wandering, embittered
Carter Livingston had found no humans, but an animal, bird and
insect life. Yet it was no coincidence, for Livingston had journeyed
until he found what he wanted. Himself an educated human, he
would give the animals the advantages he had had through the
centuries of human advancement. Breed God's creatures upward,
some day perhaps to reach the intelligence of man.
Morgan stared at the girl as she so earnestly described it. Rot, of
course. And yet that flying, flamingo-like thing had certainly talked,
and talked much more intelligently than any parrot. It had called for
help, and the red-haired ape things had come on the run. Morgan
grimaced with the memory. One of those round-headed goths had
throttled him with its ape-like hands, while another of them cracked
him on the head with a rock. He gazed around the room uneasily
now, but none of them was in sight.
"Can those goths talk, too?" he demanded.
"Yes. A little, but it's hard to understand. A growling mumble. But
they're very intelligent. You see, their life-span is nearly ten years, so
we only have a few generations that father taught. He said that with
use, the vocal cords and the larynx were getting more adapted.
Tamo is my best one. And he makes the others understand. They're
very gentle."
"With you," Morgan supplemented wryly.
"Yes. Cah called them for help."
"Cah? You mean that big bird?"
"Yes. Father bred six generations of his family. And nature made his
talking apparatus very adequate for human words."
"No argument on that," Morgan agreed. He was gazing through the
glowing window-opening of the cave-room. There was vegetation
outside. It was like a great lush subterranean forest. Gnarled,
fantastic-shaped trees with bluish vines lacing them together. Huge
pods hung on them, and monstrous pallid flowers that opened and
closed their petals rhythmically as though breathing.

Gruesome damn things. Morgan was about to ask if what looked like
vegetation here might not be more animal than vegetable, when
suddenly his attention was caught by a little round red thing that
was on the ledge of the rocky window-opening. It was no bigger
than the end of his finger—a round, glistening, red-shelled thing
with jointed legs protruding from it. Tiny antenna were weaving in
front of its single eye, which seemed glaring at him balefully.
He made a startled gesture. "What the devil is that?" he demanded.
Nada smiled. "One of our insects. Father used to call them rollers.
He said on earth you'd consider them of the ant family. They're
remarkable little things. Well, I guess you'd say that about earth
ants, too, wouldn't you? Terribly strong for their size, with a nasty
bite. They build their own houses. They're highly organized, with
workers and leaders, and their own armies."
"And you can talk to them, too?" Morgan muttered.
"Well, no," she said. "Not exactly. But Cah seems to be able to make
them understand."
The little red-shelled, ball-like thing on the window ledge suddenly
hitched out a leg and rolled itself backward; then picked itself up
and scurried away like a tiny round crab.
"Well," Morgan said, "your father's theories, here on Titan—"
A sudden distant growl made him check himself. It was outside;
muttered growls, growing louder. He stared inquiringly at Nada.
"The goths," she murmured. "Something wrong?"
They came in a moment; two of the weird, round-headed animals,
dragging something between them. In the background a pack of the
others lurked, shaggy red blobs half hidden by the fantastic tangle of
vines, their peering eyes like little lanterns among the foliage and
the pallid flowers.
It was a dead goth which was being dragged here to Nada. With
Morgan after her, she ran outside. The huge dead goth lay crumpled.
Its companions were mumbling at Nada. Queer form of speech, half
animal, half human, so that the mouthed, snarled words of anger
now, to Morgan, seemed almost but not quite intelligible.
"What happened?" he demanded.
The dead goth's face was leprous. Burned into a noisome, pulpy
mass as though by a flash bolt.
"They found him, lying like that," Nada said. Terror was on her face.
"Something—someone with a strange gun of lightning, like the one I
took from you."
It was dawning on Morgan. Then a flapping of wings sounded.
"Coming, Nada. Cah comes."
The beaked-nosed, feathered shape of Cah came fluttering; landed
by Nada. Weird chattering bird. "Cah saw it, Nada. Men like this one.
Out beyond the tunnels, they killed Tagaro. Cah saw them. Cah sees
everything—"
It fluttered away, excited, like an imbecilic child, chattering with its
excitement.
Space-pirates! Prowling here, looking for the Zolonite. Doubtless
they had seen Morgan's little space-ship; knew he was here, and
were looking for him.
"They were outside?" Morgan demanded swiftly. "Out near where I
found you? Is that what the parrot-thing tried to say?"
"Yes," she gasped. "Oh, who could it be? Other earthmen here? You
—you said you came alone."
"I did. But I can make a pretty darn good guess who it is all right.
Nada, listen!"
The ring of goths here were all eyeing Morgan suspiciously with
weird, baleful eyes set in wrinkled, bluish, ape-like faces.
"Tell them I didn't do it," Morgan said hastily. "Tell them bad men did
it, if they can manage to understand that much from you."
Would the damned growling things jump on him now? "Listen," he
added swiftly to the girl. "That's a band of earthmen—space-pirates.
They're here to try and steal the Zolonite I came after. Nada,
where's that gun of mine you took away from me?"
"What—what are you going to do?" she stammered.
His eyes hardened.
"I don't want them to find you. Understand that!"
Morgan knew perfectly well what he was going to try to do—get the
girl out of here, into his space-ship. Zolonite or not, he had no
intention of trying to fight the space-pirates with this girl as the
stake for success or victory.
"Get that gun of mine," he commanded. "Hurry it now."

The girl ran into the cave-room; came back with it. She was
trembling; white-faced. "Will—will they really kill you?"
"I hope not," Morgan said grimly. "We're not going to stick around
here and let them try it. Nada, listen: you show me the way into
those tunnels. Tell the goths to stay here, as they'll only complicate
things."
The goths were sullenly watching, listening. At Nada's vehement
command they slunk back, but they still watched Morgan
suspiciously.
"Into the tunnels?" she stammered. "But why?"
He seized her arm.
"Yes. Come on." No use telling her that he was going to get her back
to earth. She might put up an argument at leaving her animals. He
ran with her, through the little cave-room, into a dim, glowing
tunnel.
"This was the way you brought me in, wasn't it?" he presently
demanded as they ran.
She nodded.
"Yes. The outer surface, not so far ahead."
Good enough. He'd slam her into the ship and tell her what it was all
about afterward. The tunnel was dark, with just a faint eerie glow of
phosphorescence that seemed inherent to the rocks themselves. It
was a narrow passage, seeming to wind upward. At intervals, other
little corridors crossed it. Occasionally it widened into grottos. They
came to a large one with a jagged rocky floor, broken, rocky walls.
Here they halted.
"Not so far now," Nada was saying. Her face in the dimness was
turned toward Morgan, and she was trying to smile—a frightened,
puzzled smile. And suddenly he sucked in his breath. Her teeth were
shining with blue-green iridescence; luminous with a blue-green light
streaming from them! Radioactive, stroboscopic light! The treasure
of Zolonite he had come here to find. It must be here close at hand!
Morgan gripped the girl and stood still, peering around.
"What is it?" she murmured with new terror.
"Wait! I'm looking around for something."
And then he saw it. Zolonite in almost its pure state. The vein of its
out-cropping was a crescent curve diagonally up the wall; and
beneath it, shining chunks had crumbled and were lying strewn.
Swiftly Morgan stooped, gathered up handfuls, stuffed them into his
pockets. Samples, and then he would bring back a mining crew to
open this up. And even the samples would be worth a sizable
fortune. But the space-pirates wanted this, too.
Solo Morgan, at that instant, was not quite clear in his mind what he
would try to do. But the feel of the girl's pliant waist within his arm
as they ran, decided him. She was certainly more important than the
Zolonite.
"I'm taking you to my ship," he murmured suddenly. "Don't bother to
put up any argument now. That's where you're going."
He saw her turn and stare at him. They had come abruptly to the
end of the tunnel; the sheen of Saturn-light was on her face, shining
in her misted eyes as she regarded him.
"Taking me to earth?" she said uncertainly.
"I sure am. You can't live out your life here, just for a bunch of weird
animals."
"But some time you'd bring me back?" she murmured tremulously.
"Sure I would. Got to come anyway to mine the Zolonite."
Here was the clump of rocks where he had been when first he saw
Nada. His leaden cylinder was lying here. He stuffed the Zolonite
samples carefully into it. Sealed it.
"Now we go down the mountain, Nada, to my ship down there."
A sizzling flash with a tiny crack of thunder interrupted him. The bolt
from nearby sizzled over their heads as Morgan, with a sweep of his
arm, knocked the girl to the ground and flung himself beside her.
"That's them," he muttered grimly. "Keep down, Nada."
Another bolt cracked with a prismatic shower of sparks on the rocks
in front of them. Morgan and the girl were lying in a little depression
now, protected by a broken line of rocks with a cliff close behind
them. He could see where the pirates were gathered, at the bottom
of a small gully some fifty feet away. And then in the silence, an
ironic chuckling voice floated over.
"Got you, Morgan. No use putting up a fight. Toss out your gun an'
we won't kill you."
Morgan, watchful for the chance to drill one of them if he showed
himself, lay quiet with the huddled girl trembling beside him.
"Got your wife with you?" the voice drawled. "That who it is? Come
on out and let's have a look at her. We won't hurt her." There was a
burst of raucous laughter from the other pirates.
Morgan did not reply. His brain was busy trying to find an out.
Morgan could see that there was no chance for him and the girl to
move from where they were lying. He had chanced a leap from here
against Nada's old-fashioned explosive-gun with its single small
bullet, but he couldn't take such a chance against modern bolt-
weapons. The least move would expose them in the full sheen of
Saturn-light.
They lay still.
"So you just want to stay where you are?" the voice called. "Okay,
we'll get you."
They were invisible; but back down the distant little gully Morgan
suddenly saw the blob of a creeping figure; one of the pirates trying
to get to where he could chance a leap. Morgan tensed; raised his
gun. The shadowed blob moved again; straightened a little.
Morgan's flash spat its bolt. A scream mingled with the tiny thunder-
crack, and the blob leaped into the air, turned over and crashed
down again, inert upon the rocks.
It brought a fusillade of shots; but they splattered harmlessly with a
great shower of sparks on the blackened rocks. And suddenly the
trembling girl gripped Morgan.
"Look! Cah is flying over there." She pointed.
There was a flapping of wings in the Saturn-light. And the bird's
eerie, cawing, chattering voice. "Cah sees them. There they are!"
The excited bird's fluttering shape was visible. "Cah sees them! Cah
sees everything!" it chattered.
A bolt from one of the pirates mingled with its cries. The flash shot
up. The huge bird, its weirdly childish voice stilled forever, came
wavering down, turning end over end until it thudded heavily on the
rocks.
"Oh poor Cah," Nada murmured. Then she gasped: "Oh look! There
by the little gully."
The rocks on the upper lip of the small gully where the crouching
pirates were gathered were splashed pale-white by the Saturn-light.
And in the glow there now, a thin little red line was visible. A moving
line. It stretched back over the rocks, down into another hollow and
up again. Morgan caught his breath as he stared. It was a line of
tiny, moving red figures. Myriads of them; round things small as the
end of his finger.
The rolling, red ants. They came hitching themselves, scuttling; a
vast little army. And then he saw other lines of them converging on
the gully; marching grimly, silently to battle, summoned perhaps by
Cah's excited calls.
Breathlessly Morgan and the girl watched. The pirates undoubtedly
didn't notice the marching red hordes of tiny insects behind them. A
dozen thin red moving lines now. Silently but inexorably they
crawled over the rocks, down into the gully.
Then there was a startled cry. "What in hell!" And one of the pirates
incautiously straightened, his arms flailing wildly, his hands plucking
at his clothing, at his face.
Morgan raised his gun, but Nada shoved it down. "No need," she
murmured. "The bites of those red ants are quite poisonous."
Silently then, they stood and watched the strange battle.
It was a ghastly attack. Within a minute the space-pirates were
screaming, staggering. Half a dozen of their frenzied bolts went wild
into the air. And then they had flung their guns away, frenzied,
demoniac as they fought the swarming, viciously biting little insects
crawling upon them. There were four of the men. Morgan could
have shot them all as they staggered out into the open, but there
was no need. In another minute they were rolling in agony on the
ground, with yet more thin red lines converging upon them. And
then at last their blood-chilling screams were silent. In the Saturn-
light they lay motionless, red with their blood and red with the
swarming hordes that crawled over them.
Morgan was standing now, with the horrified, shuddering girl
trembling against him. The lead cylinder with its treasure of Zolonite
was clipped to his belt. But with his arm around Nada he knew that
she was the real treasure he had found upon Titan. He held her
closer. Nobody would ever be able to call him Solo Morgan again.
 *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SPACE-WOLF ***

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will
be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S.

copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in
these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it
in the United States without permission and without paying
copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of
Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™
concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark,
and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following
the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use
of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything
for copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is
very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as
creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research.
Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given
away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with
eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject
to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
 PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free

distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or
any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full
Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at
www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and

Redistributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works
1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree
to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or
destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your
possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a
Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be
bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund
from the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in
paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be

used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people
who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a
few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic
works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.
See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with
Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this
agreement and help preserve free future access to Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.
1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the
Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the
collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the
individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the
United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law
in the United States and you are located in the United States, we do
not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing,
performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the
work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of
course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™
mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely
sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of
this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name associated
with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this
agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its attached
full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without charge
with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also
govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most
countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the
United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the
terms of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying,
performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this
work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes
no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in
any country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other

immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must
appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™
work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears,
or with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is
accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed:
 This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away
or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License
included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you
are not located in the United States, you will have to check the
laws of the country where you are located before using this
eBook.

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived

from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a
notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright
holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the
United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are
redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must
comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through
1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project
Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted

with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any
additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms
will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted
with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning
of this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project

Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a
part of this work or any other work associated with Project
Gutenberg™.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this

electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1
with active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg™ License.

1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form,
including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you
provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work
in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in
the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website
(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or
expense to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or
a means of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original
“Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must
include the full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in
paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,

performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing

access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
provided that:

• You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive
from the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the
method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The
fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark,
but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty
payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on
which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your
periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked
as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information
Welcome to our website – the perfect destination for book lovers and
knowledge seekers. We believe that every book holds a new world,
offering opportunities for learning, discovery, and personal growth.
That’s why we are dedicated to bringing you a diverse collection of
books, ranging from classic literature and specialized publications to
self-development guides and children's books.

More than just a book-buying platform, we strive to be a bridge

connecting you with timeless cultural and intellectual values. With an
elegant, user-friendly interface and a smart search system, you can
quickly find the books that best suit your interests. Additionally,
our special promotions and home delivery services help you save time
and fully enjoy the joy of reading.

Join us on a journey of knowledge exploration, passion nurturing, and

personal growth every day!

testbankfan.com