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Thevenin Theorem Updated

The document details an experiment to verify Thevenin's Theorem for a resistive network, which allows a complex circuit to be simplified into a single voltage source and resistance. It provides formulas for calculating equivalent resistance, circuit current, and load current, along with circuit diagrams. The experiment concludes that the theorem is verified when the load current in the equivalent circuit matches the load current in the original circuit.

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golamrobbani2988
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5 views3 pages

Thevenin Theorem Updated

The document details an experiment to verify Thevenin's Theorem for a resistive network, which allows a complex circuit to be simplified into a single voltage source and resistance. It provides formulas for calculating equivalent resistance, circuit current, and load current, along with circuit diagrams. The experiment concludes that the theorem is verified when the load current in the equivalent circuit matches the load current in the original circuit.

Uploaded by

golamrobbani2988
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment Name: Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem for a Given Resistive

Network.
Theory:
Thevenin’s theorem states that, any linear network consisting of a number of
voltage sources and resistances can be replaced by an equivalent network having a
single voltage called Thevenin’s voltage (𝑽𝑻𝒉 ) and a single resistance called
Thevenin’s resistance (𝑹𝑻𝒉 ).

Fig:01 Fig:02

Consider a network or a circuit as shown in Fig. 1. Let 𝑬 be the E.M.F of the cell
with its internal resistance r = 0. Let 𝑅𝐿 be the load resistance across terminals
𝐴𝐵.
In Fig. 1, the equivalent resistance (where 𝑅𝐿 is in series with 𝑅3 , and this
combination is parallel with 𝑅2 , and again, its series combination with 𝑅1 ) is given
by:
(𝑅𝐿 +𝑅3 )×𝑅2
𝑅𝑒𝑞 = + 𝑅1 … (1)
𝑅𝐿 +𝑅3 +𝑅2
Circuit Current (𝐼):
𝐸 𝐸 × (𝑅𝐿 + 𝑅3 + 𝑅2 )
𝐼= =
𝑅𝑒𝑞 𝑅𝐿 𝑅2 + 𝑅3 𝑅2 + 𝑅𝐿 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 𝑅1 + 𝑅3 𝑅1
Load Current (𝐼𝐿 ):
𝑅2 𝐸 × 𝑅2
𝐼𝐿 = 𝐼 × = … (2)
𝑅𝐿 + 𝑅3 + 𝑅2 𝑅𝐿 𝑅2 + 𝑅3 𝑅2 + 𝑅𝐿 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 𝑅1 + 𝑅3 𝑅1

When the load resistance 𝑅𝐿 is removed then the circuit is an open circuit shown in
Fig:03 one then resistance 𝑅3 is not work, all the current flowing across 𝑅2 .

Fig: 03 Fig:04
Then the current I in the circuit (where, 𝑅1 and 𝑅2 in series)
𝐸
𝐼= . . . . . . (3)
𝑅1 + 𝑅2
According to Thevenin’s theorem,
Voltage across 𝑨𝑩 = Thevenin’s voltage 𝒗𝑻𝒉 .
Therefore,
𝑬𝑹𝟐
𝒗𝑻𝒉 = 𝑰𝑹𝟐 = . . . . . . (4)
𝑹𝟏 + 𝑹𝟐
Now the load resistance 𝑅𝐿 is removed and the cell is disconnected also that wires
are short as shown in Fig:04.
The circuit resistance across 𝑨𝑩 = Thevenin’s resistance 𝑹𝑻𝒉 , (where, 𝑅1 is
parallel with 𝑅2 and this combination in series with 𝑅3 ).
Therefore,
𝑹𝟐 𝑹𝟏
𝑹𝑻𝒉 = + 𝑹𝟑 . . . . . . (5)
𝑹𝟏 + 𝑹𝟐
Then the equivalent circuit across 𝑅𝐿 in Fig:02.The load resistance is in series with
Thevenin’s equivalent resistance, 𝑅𝑇ℎ . Therefore, the current across 𝑅𝐿 is
equivalent circuit is
𝐸𝑅2
𝑣𝑇ℎ 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 𝐸 ⋅ 𝑅2
𝑰𝑳′ = = =
𝑅𝑇ℎ + 𝑅𝐿 𝑅2 𝑅1
+ 𝑅3 + 𝑅𝐿 𝑅𝐿 𝑅2 + 𝑅3 𝑅2 + 𝑅𝐿 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 𝑅1 + 𝑅3 𝑅1
𝑅1 + 𝑅2
= 𝑰𝑳
Since, 𝑰𝑳′ = 𝑰𝑳 then the Thevenin’s theorem is verified.
Apparatus: D.C power supply, Resistances, Bread-board, Multimeter, Battery
connecting wires.

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