STEP-BY-STEP CRAFTS

CANDLE
MAKING

16 sty lis
project
from star
to finis

CHERYL
OWEN
Boston Public Library
Boston, MA 02116
STEP-BY-STEP CRAFTS

CANDLE
MAKING
STEP-BY-STEP CRAFTS

CANDLE
MAKING
CHERYL OWEN

CREATIVE
PUBLISHING
international

MINNETONKA, MINNESOTA
BR BR
TT896
5
094
2002

First published in 2002 in the USA and Canada by

Creative Publishing international, Inc.
Acknowledgments
IB CREATIVE PUBLISHING
international
The author and publishers would like to thank Candle Makers
Suppliers and The Pier for their help in providing props for
photography.
5900 Green Oak Drive
Minnetonka, MN 55343
1-800-328-3895

Copyright ©2001 New Holland Publishers

(UK) Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published in United Kingdom by New Holland

Publishers (UK) Ltd

Copyright ©
2001 in text and project designs
Cheryl Owen
Copyright ©
2001 in photography
New Holland Publishers (UK) Ltd
Copyright ©
2001 New Holland Publishers
(UK) Ltd

All rights reserved. No part of this publication

may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without the prior
written permission of the publishers and
copyright holders.

ISBN 1-58923-021-3

Editor:Kate Latham
Photographer: John Freeman
Editorial Direction: Rosemary Wilkinson
Project Editor: Clare Johnson

10 987654321
Reproduction by PICA Colour Separation, Singapore
Printed and bound in Malaysia by Times Offset (M) Sdn. Bhd.

The copyright for the designs in this book

is the property of the artists. This book is

intended purely as a source of inspiration.

It is unlawful to exhibit copies of the designs

in this book or to use them for commercial Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
gain or for anything other than personal or
private purposes. Owen Cheryl.
Candle making / Cheryl Owen,

Important p.cm. - (Step-by-step crafts)

The author and publishers have made every Includes index.
effort to ensure that all instructions given in this ISBN 1-58923-021-3 (pbk.)
book are safe and accurate. They cannot accept 1.Candlemaking. I. Title. II. Series.
liability for any resulting injury or loss or TT896.5 .094 2002
damage to either property or person, whether 745.593'32-dc21
direct or consequential and howsoever arising. 2001047038
 Contents

Introduction 6

Getting Started 8

PROJECTS
1 : Beeswax Spirals 18
2: Tiny Tapers 22
3: Fragrant Container Candles 26
Container Candles Gallery 30
4: Two-color Multiwick Candle 32
5: Tall Triangle 36
Applique Effects Gallery 40
6: Layers of Color 42
7: Floating Flowers 46
8: Button Embedded Candle 50
9: Oriental Painted Candle 54

Floating Candles Gallery 58

10: Jelly Candle 60
11 : Stacked Triangles 64

12: Shell Stencilled Lantern 68

Wrapped Candles Gallery 72

13: Christmas Tree Candle 74

14: Safari Flares 78

15: Marble Slab 84

16: Frosted Effect 88

Templates 92

Suppliers 95

Index 96
 troduction
Although, thanks to electricity, candles are no longer a This book introduces beginners and more experienced

necessity in our lives, they are still a pleasure. The warm candle makers to the range of materials and techniques that

flicker of candlelight can quickly alter the mood and can be used to create unique candles. Familiarize yourself

atmosphere of a room, often creating a tranquil, ambient with the "Getting Started" section and you will have the

scene that electric light just cannot match. information you need to tackle the projects that follow, or

Candles are an important part of many cultural and even make your own designs. The projects cover many
religious festivals and have been burnt in various forms for aspects of this craft, including making your own molds,

centuries. The Romans and ancient Egyptians made candles layering wax stripes, embedding small objects, and making

from flax coated with pitch and wax, and before the garden flares and delicate floating flowers. There are also

nineteenth century most candles were made from a examples of decorative effects that can be applied to finished

substance called tallow, obtained from beef fat. Tallow candles, such as stencilling, freehand painting and applying

candles were very smoky and, understandably, had an applique wax and metal leaf.

unpleasant smell. Candle making is most definitely enhanced by the

Stearin was separated from tallow in the nineteenth exciting possibilities of experimentation. So, be bold and try

century, and was used to harden other fats. Candles that out different effects - some of the most wonderful creations

contained stearin would burn longer than previously and can happen by accident. You will be amazed at the very

had no nasty odor. The extraction of paraffin wax from coal professional finish that can be achieved.

and peat improved the quality of candles even further. Despite its fragile beauty, candlelight can, of course, be

Paraffin wax and stearin are still the main components of highly dangerous. So please remember to never leave lighted

modern candle making, and the techniques used to create candles unattended or in a draft, to always stand candles

candles today are the same as have been used for many years. securely in holders and to place them out of the reach of

However, the increased range of wax dyes, perfumes and young children and animals.

other additives that are now available make candle making a

very exciting and contemporary craft.

Sales of candles have increased dramatically in the last

few years, showing that they have become part of our

again, not through necessity this time, but because of the

magical atmosphere they create. In our increasingly stressful

lives

O^l &*^
lives, the soothing quality of candlelight has a relaxing effect

that many enjoy.

 Getting Started
Candle making is not an exact science and Dipping can
SAFETY FIRST
that what makes it so exciting and
is Long, thin candles are made by dipping
intriguing. Have fun experimenting with Candle making is a safe pastime if you lengths of wick into wax housed in a
the techniques, and remember that follow a few "common sense" rules: dipping can - a tall, cylindrical, metal
unsuccessful candles can be melted and the • Always heat wax in a double boiler or a vessel. You can also try improvizing with a
wax used again. This section outlines the metal bowl or small saucepan over a large metal food can or a metal bucket, but
equipment and materials needed for saucepan of water. Wax heating directly in a these will need to be filled with more wax
candle making, and the basic techniques saucepan can quickly overheat and ignite. than the thin dipping can to reach the
are clearly explained to help you create the For the same reason, do not allow the water required height.
to boil dry.
projects that follow.
If you are making candles at home, the • Monitor the temperature of the molten Thermometer
kitchen is probably the best place to work wax with a thermometer. If paraffin wax Molten wax needs to be poured at specific

since it houses a source of heat and water. reaches a temperature higher than 212°F temperatures to achieve the right effect.

Protect your work surface with plenty of

(100°C) it will begin to smoke and is in
Therefore, an essential piece of equipment
danger of igniting.
newspaper to catch the unavoidable spills is a thermometer. This can either be a wax
of wax, and remember to gather together • Never leave heating wax unattended. thermometer, available from candle-
all the equipment and materials you will • Keep children and animals away when making suppliers, or a candy thermometer.
need before you embark on a project, so working with hot wax.
that you do not have to leave heating wax • If wax does ignite, do not use water to put
Weighing scales
unattended while you look for them. out the flames. Switch off the heat source, Use kitchen scales to weigh wax and stearin.

then smother the flames with a saucepan

lid, damp towels or a fire blanket. Cocktail stick

GENERAL Use a cocktail

vertical and
stick, or a kitchen skewer, to
support the wick in the mold, keeping
you pour in the
central while
it

EQUIPMENT Double boiler

Wax can easily overheat and ignite when
wax. Simply tie one end of the wick
around the stick and rest it across the open
shoulder of the mold.
Much of the equipment needed to make molten, so, for safety, melt wax in a double
candles can be found among your basic boiler, with water in the lower pan and wax Cratt knite
kitchen and desk equipment. Other, special in the upper pan. Alternatively, heat the Use a craft knife to cut and score lines in

items are available from candle- making wax in a small saucepan resting on a trivet card when making molds. It can also be
suppliers or craft shops. that sits in a larger saucepan of water. used to cut soft wax.
Knife Weights Dip and carve wax
Keep a small knife close at hand. Use it to Most molds filled with wax will float in a This specially blended wax is more

cut through soft wax and to shave off water bath, so place a heavy weight on top malleable than paraffin wax and so can be
slithers of dye discs. of the mold to keep it in place. Clean modelled by hand and will not splinter
pebbles or old-fashioned kitchen weights when carved.
Pouring jug work well.

This is a useful but not vital piece of Jelly wax

candle-making equipment. If you are This wax really does feel like jelly. It has a
nervous of pouring hot wax from
saucepan into
a metal jug
a mold, decant the wax into
with a spout that will give you
a

WAX high melting point -

( 1

sparingly with powder dye

it is

10°C) - and should be colored very

poured

(see
at

page
215°F

1
1
).

more control. Applique wax Jelly wax does not set solid in the same way
This wax is used as decoration on formed as paraffin wax, so can only be used to
Ruler candles. It is available as thin sheets that make container candles, usually in a glass
An ordinary stationery ruler is used to can be cut into shapes and pressed onto a vase that reveals its unique, bubbly finish.
measure depths on a mold. You will also candle without the need for extra glue.
need to draw straight lines against a ruler Applique wax can be bought in a wide Microcrystalline
when making your own molds. Use a craft range of colors, including metallics, and as There are two types of mycrocrystalline
knife against a metal ruler to score or cut precut motifs. that are added to paraffin wax to alter its

straight lines. properties. Soft microcystalline has a low

Beeswax melting point and can be added to paraffin
Scissors This fragrant wax is available in block wax - use 10-20% - to make it malleable
Use scissors to trim the wicks of finished form, or in a variety of colors in sheet and therefore suitable for modelling. Hard
candles and to cut out paper templates. form. The sheets can be molded into rolled microcrystalline has a high melting point.
candles without being heated. Add just 1% to paraffin wax to make your
Adhesive tapes candles slower burning.
Use masking tape to mark measurements Crystal wax
on molds, to tape down templates or Dip set candles in crystal wax melted at Paraffin wax
stencils and to paint straight lines. Strong 165°F (71°C) to produce a frosted, crystal Most candles are made from paraffin wax,
waterproof tape should be used to seal effect on the surface. which is a petroleum by-product. Paraffin
molds made from card.

Card Stearin

Thin card good material to use as a

is a
Jelly wax
template when making your own molds or
decorative motifs. Thick card is used to
~
/
construct homemade molds.

Cutting mat V ;/
A cutting mat will protect your work
Applique wax
\_
surface whenever you use a craft knife, and
it can be used again and again.
Paraffin wax
Alternatively, you could try resting on a pellets

few layers of corrugated cardboard.

Greaseproof paper
Greaseproof paper can be dipped into
colored molten wax and left to dry to Dip and carve wax
determine the shade of the finished candle.
Crystal wax
It is also useful for saving excess wax:
simply pour the molten
lined with greaseproof paper
to solidify.
wax into a
and
bowl
leave it J
Kitchen towel
Kitchen towel is indispensable for
mopping up wax and cleaning equipment. Beeswax sheets

Oven gloves
Although the temperature the wax is
poured at for the projects in this book is

not hot enough to burn, you may find it

comfortable to wear oven gloves while you
work.

candle making/getting started

 in be bought in pellet and slab Braided wicks Pliers

form. The pellets are easier to weigh than This cotton wick is made from three A pair of pliers can be used to secure a
e slabs, which need to be broken up with braided strands of smaller strands. It is the wick in a wick sustainer and to pull a wick
most commonly used type of wick and through a hole.
available in various thicknesses that suit

irin the size of the candle being made. For Wicking needle
: i is derived from palm nuts. Mixing example, a 1" (2.5 cm) wick is designed to This long needle has many uses. Use it to
stearin with paraffin wax causes the wax to be used in a 1" (2.5 cm) diameter candle: pierce holes in wax, to thread a wick
contract, therefore making the candle easy the wick itself is not 1" (2.5 cm) in through a hole in the wax or the mold and
to releasefrom the mold. Stearin also diameter. If you use a wick that is too to support a wick in a large mold: tie the
makes the wax more opaque and enhances small, the burning wax will not form a wick to the needle and rest it across the
the dye colors used. Use 90% paraffin wax pool that reaches to the outside of the shoulder of the mold. A large darning
to 10% stearin. It is not necessary to use candle, but will burn in a small pool needle can be used instead.
stearin when working with flexible molds. around the wick that the wax will drip
into, drowning the flame. If the wick used Wick holder tab
Wax glue is too large, it will produce a large flame These metal discs, available in two sizes,

This very sticky wax is used to glue and the candle will smoke. When making a have a hole in the center and are used to
wax surfaces together and to glue cone, triangular or pyramid candle, choose hold the wick in container candles or
embellishments to candles. Spread the a wick size about half the width of the some freestanding candles made without
wax glue with a knife. candle base. a mold.

OLDS
v > Candle makers have a wide choice of
molds at their disposal. Ready-made
candle molds are made of plastic, metal,
Braided wicks glass or latex, or you can make your own
Papercore wick
molds using household containers, card or
baking foil.

Wicking needle

Baking foil

Baking foil can be folded into small,

shallow square trays that wax is then
poured into. When the wax cools and
becomes rubbery it can be removed from
the foil mold and cut into shapes.

Mold seal Baking molds

Use cookie cutters to cut shapes out of

Wick sustainers semi-set, rubbery wax. Chocolate mold

shapes are especially good for making
floating candles.

WICKS Metal, plastic and latex

sizes
molds can be bought

make your own from cardboard

in a range of
and shapes for creative candle making or you could
or household items.

Mold seal
Mold seal is a putty-like substance that is

used to seal a wick in place and cover the

wick hole in a mold so that wax cannot
seep out and water cannot seep in. Mold

seal is reusable.

Papercore wicks
Papercore wicks are suitable for use in

container candles and are available in three

st a small wick in a candle with a
I

diameter up to 2" (5 cm). Use a medium

wick in a candle with a diameter of 2Vi"
(6.5 cm). Use a large wick in a candle with
'

(7.5 cm) or more.

Baking tray a finished candle might not look as it Dye discs
Wax can be poured into a clean baking tray should, then a china container is the Dye discs are blocks of wax with
then cut to shape when it has cooled and perfect choice to hide any mishaps. concentrated pigments. You can either
become rubbery. dissolve the dye in stearin or directly in
Glass and ceramic containers wax if stearin is not being used. An
Card molds Make sure the container is heatproof. indication of the quantities of dye needed
You can make your own molds from Gently heat a glass or ceramic container to produce the basic color is specified by
thick card or use waxed paper drink with some warm water before you pour the manufacturer, but the discs are easy to
cartons. hot wax in, to ensure that the container cut so you can add as much or as little as

does not crack on contact with the wax. you like. For the projects book only
in this

Glass molds small amounts of dye are needed. To test

A heatproof glass oven dish can make a Metal containers the true color allow a sample of dyed wax
great candle mold. In order to release the Metal will become very hot when a candle to cool on some greaseproof paper. You
candle, use a dish that is straight sided or is burning inside so always place metal can also mix dyes to produce your own
that tapers to the base. container candles on a protected surface. shades.

Latex molds Powder dye

These flexible molds are designed
making intricately shaped candles, and the
inside must be coated with a special mold
for
COLOR AND These dyes are very strong and only
small amount
Dissolve the
is needed
powder completely
to create the color.
a very

in stearin,

A
release before
flexible mold needs
pouring

supported over a bowl or

to
in the

be securely
wax.

jar while the wax

PERFUME wax or jelly wax. Handle powder dye
carefully as it is very messy.

is poured in and as it cools. Acrylic paint Wax perfume

Acrylic paint can be applied directly to a Only use perfumes that are specially
Metal molds fully cooled candle to add some applied formulated for use in candles. Be aware
Metal molds are very hardwearing but decoration. thatsome wax perfumes can affect the
quite expensive compared to plastic them sparingly,
color of a candle so use
molds. Ceramic paint 6% of perfume to wax is a recommended
To embellish a glass container, use ceramic amount. Add the perfume to the heated
Plastic molds paint to decorate the outside of the wax just before you make the candle.
Plastic molds are the most versatile of all container before the candle is made. Use Perfume is more effective in a wide candle
molds. They can be found in a range of stripes or a basic stencil that will allow the than a taper since it contains more molten
shapes and sizes, they are inexpensive, candle to show through. wax to release the scent.
transparent, which means you can see
what is happening inside, and they can be
used many times.

CONTAINERS
When making a Powder dyes
container candle, the
initial choice of container is important.
The container must be heatproof, but it
should also suit the style of candle you are
creating. For example, you would not want
to hide the effects of a jelly candle in a
china container, but if you are worried that
Dye discs

Wax perfumes

Ceramic paint

Acrylic paint

candle making/getting started 11

 Melting the wax and stearin wax
PREPARING To prevent the danger of wax igniting, it
must be heated over water. Using a double
Coloring
Small amounts of dye discs are usually
added to the stearin before it is mixed with

THE WAX way to do this. the wax. If you are not using stearin,
boiler is the safest add
Alternatively, heat the wax in a small the dye directly to the molten wax in the
saucepan resting on a trivet in a larger same way.
iing saucepan of water. It is often useful to have A little dye goes a long way, so be
The amounts of wax and stearin given in two double boilers in action at the same cautious when adding You can shave off
it.

the "you will need" lists that accompany time when heating wax and stearin small pieces of the disc with a knife. Then
the projects tell you the quantities needed separately. If you only have one double stir the color in with a spoon. Or, if you
for a particular project, but they can also boiler, use the double boiler to heat the intend to use a large amount of the dye
be referred to as a guide when making your stearin and two saucepans to heat the wax. disc, crush the disc or a part of it with a
own candles of a similar size. To be on the Test the temperature of both with a wax or spoon on greaseproof paper before stirring
safe side, always melt more wax than you candy thermometer. it into the stearin or wax.
think you will need, especially when dying
the wax mix a second batch in
since to
exactly the same shade could be extremely
difficult. Excess wax can always be

remelted and used again.

If you are making a candle in a reusable

rigid mold, such as a commercial plastic

mold or a heatproof glass oven dish, you

will need to include stearin with the wax in
order to easily release the candle from the
mold when it has cooled. Use 10% stearin
to 90% wax.
Adding the wax to the stearin Usually only the wick that protrudes from
When both the wax and stearin are
molten, and the dye has dissolved in the
the candle needs to be primed, but
be easier to prime a length of wick
it can
and cut
POSITIONING
pour the wax into the amount you need once
stearin
stearin
if

and
coloring,
stir the ingredients together.
off the
cooled. To prime the wick simply dip
into the molten wax
it has

for a few seconds to

it THE WICK
allow the wax to soak in. Remove the wick Positioning the wick in a plastic mold
from the wax, let it cool, then straighten it First make sure the mold is clean. The wick
between your fingers. should be at least 3" (7.5 cm) longer than
the height of the mold. From the inside of
Priming the wick for a rolled beeswax the mold, insert the primed wick through
candle the hole at the base.
The wick in a rolled beeswax candle will

not have been primed, so tear off a small

piece of a beeswax sheet and simply wrap
it around the exposed wick before lighting.

It is a good idea to test the color

since it will change as itcools. Drop a
teaspoonful of colored wax onto some
greaseproof paper and allow it to cool, to
reveal the finished shade (see page 12).
Remember that you can mix different
colored dye discs to produce exactly the
shade you want.

PRIMING THE Rest a cocktail stick or wicking needle

across the shoulder of the mold and tie the
wick around This support will keep the
WICK it.

wick centrally positioned.

Priming the wick for a paraffin candle

The wick needs to be primed with wax so
that it is easy to light and will burn well.

candle making/getting started 13

 Pull the wick taut through the hole at

e base and secure it in place by pressing a

of mold seal around the extending
:k and the hole. This will stop wax
g out and water seeping in. The base
of the mold will become the top of the
candle.

Fixing the wick in a container Threading the wick

Use a knife to spread wax glue on the Because a primed wick is stiff, it is usually
underside of the tab. Position the tab in easy to thread it through holes in set wax.
the center of the base of the container Use the point of a wicking needle if

and press down to fix it in place. If you necessary to push the wick through a tight
do not have wax glue, use a small piece hole.
of mold seal instead. Tie the end of the
wick around a cocktail stick or wicking
needle and rest it across the top of the
container.

Making a hole
Some candles, especially stacked candles
and those shaped from thin slabs of semi-
set wax formed in a baking tray, have the

wick inserted after the wax has cooled.

When the wax feels rubbery to the touch
Fixing the wick in a holder tab but is not completely set, use a wicking
A wick in a container candle, and in some needle to pierce a hole through it. Make
freestanding candles, is held in place with a sure the hole is big enough for the primed
wick holder tab. Poke the end of the wick. If necessary, the hole can be enlarged
primed wick into the hole in the tab. Use a when the wax has cooled completely by
pair of pliers to tighten the metal around heating the end of the needle in a flame
the wick to anchor it in place. and pushing it into the hole again.

V*

l^^^<

*m ^^^^^^ ^
i] .^H
^m
w .^^H ^kyl ^F/
W -"Vrf^r^

^V5^
 AKING THE
CANDLE

5. Return the mold to the water bath to

cool completely. Remove the mold from
the bath and peel off the mold seal. Slip the
candle out of the mold and remove the
3. Remove the mold after about 1 hour. cocktail stick. Cut off the wick under the
A well will have formed around the wick. candle as close as possible to the wax with
Prick the wax around the wick with a a pair of scissors. Trim the wick at the top
5
needle. of the candle to /s" (1.5 cm).

1. Carefully pour the molten wax into the

mold at the temperature specified in the
project. For paraffin wax candles the
temperature should be 180°F (82°C). To
make jelly candles and create the frosted
effect the temperatures differ (see pages
60-63 and 88-91). Fill the mold to just
below the wick support, or to a specific
mark on the mold if you have made one.
Keep the excess wax in the double boiler
for topping up later. After about 1 minute,
tap the side of the mold with a spoon or
knife to release any trapped air.

6. To flatten the base of the candle, gently

heat a saucepan. Hold the candle in the

pan for a few seconds to melt the base and
flatten it.

4. Reheat the wax to the same temperature

as before and pour it into the well to just
below the level of the previous pouring.
The wax needs to be topped up or the
candle may become distorted. Large
2. Stand the mold in a deep bowl or bucket candles may need topping up more than
and place a weight on top of the mold to once. When you have topped up the candle
anchor it in position. Pour water into the pour any excess molten
for the last tim~, 7. Another way to flatten the base is to hold
bowl up to the level of the wax. Standing wax bowl lined with greaseproof
into a the candle against a gently heated iron.
the mold in a water bath like this will cool paper and leave to cool. You can remelt the Wipe the iron clean immediately after use
the wax quite quickly. wax at any time. with kitchen towels.

candle making/getting started 15

MAKING
YOUR OWN
SHAPES

1. Mark the intended depth of the wax 3. Use a ready made cookie cutter to stamp paper template with a knife or craft knife
with a strip of masking tape on the inside you can
a shape into the wax. Alternatively, held upright. Pierce holes for a wick while
wall of a heatproof baking tray. create your own shapes. Cut around a the wax is still rubbery.

2. Four the wax into the tray level with

the tape. Allow thewax to cool for about
4S minutes and become rubbery but not
etely set.
 be quite low in height so that your guests Candles can instantly create an
INSPIRATION can talk across the table without obstacle.
A bowl of floating candles mingling with
atmosphere and the use of scent
enhance The wide choice of wax
this.
will

The projects described in this book may fit flower-heads makes a very attractive perfumes available is bound to feature the
your needs perfectly, or you might want to dinner table decoration. fragrance you are looking for. On a

adjust the designs in some way to suit your It is possible to create a diverse range of practical level, anti- tobacco perfume will

unique requirements. When designing candles to suit all lifestyles with just a little alleviate the smell of cigarettes and
your own candles, there are a few things to experimentation. Plain candles can easily citronella will keep irritating insects at
bear in mind. be decorated to embellish the theme of bay when using candles in the garden.
First, consider the intended setting for their setting. For example, you could Other scents will evoke a mood of
the candles you propose to create, since stencil or paint candles with Egyptian relaxation or rejuvenation and could be
this will influence their color and hieroglyphics, Aboriginal motifs or designs used in the bedroom or bathroom
dimensions. Candle holders that you from nature such as leaves and flowers. respectively. You could even recreate the
already possess, such as lanterns and Fine applique wax can be cut into intricate feel of a sunny, summer garden in the

candelabras, will suggest the size of candles patterns and applied to candles, giving a depths of winter simply by lighting floral

to make. Candles for a special meal should very professional look to your creations. perfumed candles.

candle making/getting started 17

o
Beeswax Spirals
o
DC

-**<

^ *S

•ti

f*m
Candles rolled from sheets of beeswax are very easy to

make, and since the wax does not need to be melted, it is

a great project for children to try: they can cut the beeswax

with a pair of scissors rather than a craft knife, for safety.

Beeswax smells delightful and the honeycomb patterned

You will need
sheets are simple to work with. One sheet of white and one of
1 sheet of white beeswax

natural beeswax will make one tall and one short candle. 1 sheet of natural beeswax

Cutting mat

Craft knife

Metal ruler

20" (50 cm) length of Vk"

(4 cm) wick

Scissors

On a cutting mat, use a craft knife

and a metal ruler to cut diagonally

JL across each beeswax sheet, from

2" (5 cm) below the top of the top right-

hand corner to the bottom left-hand corner.

Set the smaller pieces aside.

3/8"
Trim (1 cm) off the long

2 straight edge of the natural sheet.

candle making/project 1 19
o 3 Cut a 12" (30 cm) length of

unprimed wick and place

along the longest side edge

it

of the white sheet, aligning one end

of the wick with the long straight

edge at the base of the sheet. Start

to roll the wax around the wick until

the wick is concealed.

Lay the white, partially

rolled sheet on top of the

natural sheet, aligning the

long, lower edges and the longest

side edges. Roll the natural sheet

around the concealed wick.

Continue rolling the candle,

5 keeping the lower edges

level.
6 Before you reach the short

edges, cut the white

level with the natural

wax

wax

using a pair of scissors. Press the

short ends smoothly to the candle

so that it does not unravel.

artist s tip
Sheets of beeswax are

malleable at room
temperature. If the sheets are

cold and brittle, simply warm

them with a hair dryer.

Tear off a small piece of

the white discarded

beeswax and wrap it

around the wick to prime it. Cut

the wick to %" (1 .5 cm) before

lighting it.

Use the leftover pieces

of beeswax from Step 1

L^ and a 8" (20 cm)

length of wick in the same way

to make a shorter candle. variation

To make a pair of traditional

beeswax pillar candles, first cut a

natural beeswax sheet in half

lengthwise. Cut off a thin length of

wax from one sheet to prime the

wick, then roll each half sheet

around a 6" (15 cm) length of

1
" (2.5 cm) wick. Prime the wick

with the slither of wax and cut it to

%" (1.5 cm) before lighting.

candle making/project 1 21
o
Tiny Tapers

U
These traditionally dipped thin tapers look stunning when a

selection in delicate shades of pastel colors is grouped

together. This is a very simple method of candle making that

does not require a mold.

You will need

1 lb 6 oz (625 g) paraffin wax

Stand the dipping can in a saucepan

7 of water. Put the paraffin wax into the

3 oz (75 g) stearin

Blue dye disc

canandheatto180°F(82°C).

Meanwhile, in a double boiler, heat the Dipping can, 12" (30 cm) tall

stearin to 180°F (82°C); stearin is not Saucepan

essential for making the tapers but it is a Wax thermometer

good idea to use it as it helps dissolve the Double boiler

Knife
dye and make the color more opaque. With a
Spoon
knife, scrape a little of the blue dye disc into
Greaseproof paper
the stearin to color it. Add only slivers of
2 nails
dye at a time to achieve a pale shade of blue,
Hammer
and stir.
Piece of board (optional)

21 "(53 cm) length of W

(1 .2 cm) wick (for each pair of
tapers)

Paper towel

2
Scissors
Pour the stearin into the wax in the

dipping can and stir gently with the

thermometer. Remove the can

from the heat and allow the wax, stearin and

dye mixture to cool to 1 60°F (71 °C). Fix two

1
nails to a wall or board, about " (2.5 cm)
apart. A pair of tapers can then hang over

the nails while cooling. Fold the length of

wick in half and hold it in the center. Dip the

wick into the mixture in the dipping can.

candle making/project 2 23
o ;
Lift

hang
out the wick after about 3 seconds and

it across the nails. Lay a sheet of paper

towel underneath to catch any drips of wax.

Leave to cool for about 1 minute, then gently pull the

ends of the wicks to straighten the tapers.

A Check that the temperature

^^t of the wax remains at

-£. 160°F(71°C),and

continue dipping the tapers into

the wax and holding them there for

3 seconds, then hanging them to

cool and harden for about 1 minute,

until you achieve the desired

thickness. These tapers are about

3
/s" (1 cm) in diameter.
5 Finally, return the clipping

can to the saucepan and

heatthewaxto180°F

(82°C). Give the tapers a final dip to

produce a smooth finish and hang

to cool as before.

artist s tip
You can create other pastel

shades by adding small

amounts of dye to the

stearin. Try using a little pink

dye, or mix small amounts of

pink and blue dye together to

make a lilac color. Blue and

6 When the tapers have

cooled and hardened

completely, rest the pair on

yellow makes green, or add

just a

make
touch

a
of yellow

creamy shade.
dye to

a wad of paper towels and carefully

trim the ends with a knife. When

you are ready to light the tapers,

after at least 1 hour, cut the wick to

separate the candles and trim to

about %" (1.5 cm).

candle making/project 2 25
 Fragrant Container
o Candles

« »

0 m* •*
r f Ml
I
-»• — '*** -. <r '».

* $ * *- ^
* 4 ^ a —
..

- ? - -.
Scented candles release a delightful aroma to their

surroundings when lit. It is a good idea to color your

candles to coordinate with their scents, so here we have made

pink, rose-scented candles. Since these candles remain in

their containers, there is no need to add stearin to the wax

You will need
when making them.
6 oz(1 50 g) paraffin wax

Pink dye disc

Rose wax perfume

Small heatproof china container,

2%" (7 cm) diameter and 4"
(10 cm) tall

6" (15 cm) length of small

papercore wick

Small wick holder tab

Pliers

Wax glue

Marker pen

Knife

Cocktail stick

Double boiler

Wax thermometer
Spoon

Greaseproof paper

Needle

I Heat up the china container with

| some warm water. Slip one end of the

-JL papercore wick into a wick holder tab.

Squeeze the tab with a pair of pliers to hold

the wick.

candle making/project 3 27
 ^^k
o ^r
Spread wax glue on the underside

of the tab with a knife. Fix the

£md sustainer firmly in the center of the

china container. Make a small mark on the

inside of the container, V*" (6 mm) below the

top.

y
4 In a double

paraffin wax
boiler,

to

(82°C). Cut off slivers of

180°F
heat the

the dye disc and gradually add them

to color the wax. Stir gently. To test

the color, drop a little of the wax

onto some greaseproof paper and

leave to dry.

^L ^1
mm
5 Check the temperature

the wax
(82°C), then,
is still 180°F

when you
of

are

ready to pour, drop one or two

\
drops of rose wax perfume into the

mixture.
artist's tip
Pink wax is much stronger in

color when it has cooled than

when molten, so add only

very small amounts of dye at

a time and keep testing the

color on greaseproof paper

until you achieve the desired

effect.

jf Pour the wax into the

container up to the mark, variation

\^ retaining the excess wax You can make a pair of

for topping up. Leave for 1 hour,

container candles in

then prick the wax around the wick

different shades of pink.
with a needle and top up the well to
Make two batches of pink
just below the previous poured level
wax, one stronger in color
with wax at 180°F (82°C). Leave to
than the other.
cool completely, then trim the wick

5
to /a" (1.5 cm) long.

candle making/project 3 29
 Container Candles

Beaker and saucer

Color wax a delicate
shade of purple to

complement a smart
oriental cup. Allow to

cool, then stand the

cup on a matching
saucer.
Travel candle
A candle made in a lightweight metal

container with a screw-on lid can be

closed away safely when travelling

and used on vacations.

Colored glass
A plain white candle highlights

the effects of colored glass, as

with this lilac bowl.

Recycling
A single container can be
used again and again to
house a candle. Add
stearin to the wax when
making the container
candle so that you can
release it when you want
to change it: the released
candle can be used
elsewhere.

Can-can
Recycle a metal can to use as a
smart candle container. Do take care
when handling the metal during the
.taking process however,
'HI become quite hot.
 Terra-cotta planter
Candles look very effective in terra-cotta

containers, especially for outdoor use. Plug

the hole in the base of a plant pot securely
with mold seal before pouring in the wax.

Aromatic pine
Add the refreshing scent
of pine wax perfume to

green wax to make this

candle in a small
ceramic bowl.

Garden bowl
This rustic clay bowl is an ideal container

for a candle to be used outdoors, it is low

and heavy so will not fall over in a breeze.

Colored cube
Colorad candles look wonderful in

plain glass containers such as this

chunky cube.
o
Two-color
°
DC
Multiwick Candle
»
 glass dish was used as a mold to make this watery

A looking candle, delicately colored using small amounts of

pearl white and blue wax dye. This wide candle has three

evenly spaced wicks that ensure it will burn brightly.

You will need

1 lb (450 g) paraffin wax

To make a template for evenly
2 oz (50 g) stearin
positioning the wicks, use a
Pearl white dye disc

-A compass to draw a 5 /2"1

Blue dye disc

(14 cm) diameter circle on paper. Cut out

the circle then divide it into thirds using a Compass

protractor. Mark each division 1%" Ruler

cm) from the center. Use a wicking Paper

(3.5
Scissors
needle to pierce holes at the marks.
Protractor

Wicking needle

2 double boilers

Wax thermometer
Heatproof glass dish, 6" (15 cm)
diameter

1 0" (25 cm) length of Vh"

(4 cm) wick

Knife

Spoon

9
Greaseproof paper
Set a quarter of the paraffin wax

and stearin aside. In a double

boiler, heat the wax to 1 80°F

(82°C). Dip the wick into the molten wax

to prime it.

candle making/project 4 33
 3 In the second double

boiler, heat the stearin to

180°F(82°C).Cutoff

slivers of the pearl white dye disc

and gradually add them to the

stearin to whiten the wax. Pearl

I white dye discs are much harder to

dissolve than other colors, so stir

the stearin well to mix the dye. Add

the wax to the stearin and stir

gently. To test the color, drop a little

of the wax onto some greaseproof

paper and leave to cool.

-M
I Pour the wax into the dish to a

approximately VA" (3 cm). Empty any excess

wax into a
depth of

bowl lined with greaseproof paper

5 Meanwhile,

set aside wax

in a clean double boiler, heat the

to 180°F (82°C).

double boiler heat the set aside stearin to

In the second

and clean the two double boilers ready to prepare the 1 80°F (82°C). Cut off slivers of the blue dye disc and

blue wax. Allow the pearl white wax in the mold to cool add them to the stearin to make a pale blue shade. Add

for about 1 % hours, until the wax feels rubbery the wax to the stearin and stir. Pour the wax into the

to the touch. dish over the rubbery pearl white wax to a depth of

about W (1.2 cm).

,
 artist s tip
If the colors of the finished

candle blend into each other,

the first layer was not set

enough when the second

layer was poured in. This can

create a beautiful effect in its

own right, but if you want

clearly defined stripes, make

sure the whole of the first

layer feels rubbery before

you pour in the second.

When the blue top layer

feels rubbery, place the

paper template centrally

over the candle and prick through

the holes with the wicking needle

to mark the wax underneath.

7 Remove the template and

pierce the holes through

both layers of wax. Cut

1
three 3 /«" (8 cm) lengths of primed

wick. Insert each length into a hole.

Leave the candle to cool completely

then tip it out of the mold. Trim the

wicks to W (1.5 cm) long.

candle making/project 4 35
o
Tall Triangle
CD
DC
 slim, elegant candle created using a triangular mold
This is

made from cardboard. The candle is embellished with

copper metal leaf, which is available in books of sheets from

art shops and specialty gilding suppliers.

You will need

9 oz (270 g) paraffin wax

1 % oz (30 g) stearin

Yellow dye disc

Transfer copper leaf

Thin card

Pen

Scissors

Thick card

Cutting mat

Craft knife

Metal ruler

Strong waterproof tape

2 double boilers

Wax thermometer
Knife

Spoon

Greaseproof paper

14" (35 cm) length of Vh"

(4 cm) wick

Wicking needle

Mold seal
To make the mold, transfer the
Support for candle, such as a
triangle on page 92 onto thin card. dipping can

Cut it out to use as a template. Place Needle

Scrap paper
the template on some thick card and draw
Spray adhesive
around it. Replace the template against one

drawn edge and draw around it again.

Repeat for a third time. On a cutting mat, cut

out the whole shape along the outer edges

with a craft knife and metal ruler.

2 Score along the inner

the craft knife and metal

Bend the card along the scored

lines with

ruler.

nes. Butt the two long edges together and

fix them securely together with strong

waterproof tape. Snip off the tip of the mold

so that the wick can poke through.

candle making/project 5 37
o
UJ
3 In a double

the end 2" (5

boiler,

waxto180°F(82°C). Dip

cm)
heat the

of the

wick into the molten wax to prime

O it. Allow to harden then poke about

1 Ya" (3 cm) out of the hole from

cn
inside the mold. In the second
Q_
double boiler, heat the stearin to

180°F(82°C). Shave off a little of

the yellow dye disc and stir it into

the stearin to make a creamy color.

Add the wax to the stearin and stir.

To test the color, drop a little of the

wax onto some greaseproof paper

and leave to cool.

A Rest a wicking needle across the upturned Stand the mold in a dipping can or similar

base of the mold and tie the other end of the container to support it. Pour in the wax,

-J wick tightly around it. Pull the wick taut and W^ retaining the excess for topping up. After a few

wrap mold seal securely around the primed end to minutes, tap the sides of the mold to release any

prevent wax escaping. trapped air bubbles.

 ^~" Leave the wax to cool for
about 1 hour, then use a

needle to prick the wax

around the wick where a well will

have formed. Reheat the wax to

180°F (82°C) and top up the well to

just below the previously poured

level. Leave to cool completely then

peel off the mold. Pull out the

wicking needle and cut the wick at

the base with scissors. Trim the

wick at the top of the candle to

%" (1.5 cm). Level the base in a

heated saucepan (see page 15).

artist s tip
To make a shorter candle,

simply pour in less wax.

7* Lay a sheet of transfer

copper leaf, right side up,

For an alternative decorative

effect, wind metallic thread

on some scrap paper and
lightly spray with spray adhesive. around the lower IV2"

(4 cm) of the candle. Then

heat the excess wax to 1 80°F

(82°C) and dip the decorated

candle in the wax to the

depth of the thread. Hold

there for a few seconds and

remove.

8 Carefully cut triangles of

copper leaf,

triangles by the
holding the

edges to

prevent the glued surface tearing or

sticking to you. Place one triangle

face down on the candle about %"

(1 cm) above the base and gently

press in place. Peel off the backing

paper. Add more triangles around

the base of the candle to achieve

the desired effect.

candle making/project 5 39
Applique Effects

ry
Hooped candle Striped candle
Bind strips of blue Punch a hole in the center of three %"
applique wax, varying (2 cm) squares of holograph applique

in width, around a tall wax and apply them in a row on the front
silver candle, then butt of a frosted candle (see pages 88-91 ).

the ends together on Stick strips of plain and holographic

the back of the candle. applique wax in stripes around the
remainder of the candle.

Spiral decoration
- the spiral symbolizes creative energy
'
and so this candle would make a
great gift for a keen crafter
 Harlequin style
A tall crystal candle
has gold applique' wax
diamonds applied
along its length.

Spiral candle
A tall blue candle
has silver applique
spirals positioned

down its length.

Astrology additions
This cool blue candle
is decorated with
astrological water
signs using applique
wax. Apply the other
zodiac signs to candles
in appropriate colors.

Chequerboard
Stick- "(1:5 cm)
squires of blue
applique wax. to a
gold candle to create
this checkerboard
'iect.
^^^ i

H Layers of Collor
c —

H W M a-
£&%&&ftil^$$&&Fffi ."•-.-'

^^
Pretty hoops of color are created by pouring different

shades of wax into a mold one after the other, when the

previous color is almost set. Here different shades of the

same color have been used but you could use a range of

different colors.
You will need

13 oz (360 g) paraffin wax

To prepare the mold, stick a length of

7 masking tape along the height of one

2 oz (40 g) stearin

Red dye disc

. side. Starting from the base of the

mold, which will become the top of the Square plastic candle mold, 2%"
(6 cm) wide and 6%" (16 cm) tall
candle, use a ballpoint pen to mark off four
Masking tape
lines at VA" (3 cm) intervals for the stripes.
Scissors

Ballpoint pen

2
Ruler
In a double boiler, heat the wax to
2 double boilers
180°F(82°C). In the second
Wax thermometer
double boiler, heat the stearin to Knife

180°F (82°C). With a knife, scrape a little red Spoon

dye into the stearin for the first color, which 4 heatproof containers

will be the palest and gently stir. Add the wax Greaseproof paper

10" (25 cm) length of 2" (5 cm)

to the stearin and mix well. Divide into four
wick
approximately equal amounts and pour them
Cocktail stick
into separate heatproof containers.
Mold seal

Water bath

Weight

Needle

candle making/project 6 43
J
Set one

darker than the

wax aside.

remaining waxes to color each one

last.
Add more dye

Test all
to the

slightly

four waxes by
4 Reheat the palest colored wax that was set

aside. Dip the wick into the molten

prime it. Allow the wick to harden then, from

wax to

pouring a little of each onto greaseproof paper. Allow the inside, push about 1 Va" (3 cm) out of the hole at the

the samples to cool and harden. This will give you an base of the mold. Rest a cocktail stick across the open

idea of how they will look when set. Make sure each top of the mold and tie the other end of the wick tightly

color looks sufficiently different from its neighbour. around it. At the base of the mold, pull the wick taut

and secure it in place with mold seal. Pour in the first

color up to the first mark on the mold. After a few

minutes, tap the side of the mold to release any air

bubbles. Stand the mold in a bowl of water with a

weight on top.

5 Leave the candle for

approximately 45

minutes. Check that

the first layer has hardened

around the edge but is still

rubbery in the center by gently

pressing it. Heat the second

color, the second lightest

shade, to 180°F(82°C).

Carefully pour it into the mold.

up to the second mark. After a

few minutes, tap the side of the

mold to release any air

bubbles. Return the mold to

the water bath.

 Leave the candle to partially set and check it as before. Heat the Allow the candle to partially set as before. Heat the fourth and final

third color to 1 80°F (82°C) and pour it into the mold up to the third color to 1 80°F (82°C) and pour it into the mold, up to the last

mark. After a few minutes, tap the side of the mold and return it to mark, retaining the excess for topping up. After a few minutes, tap

the water bath. the side of the mold and return it to the water bath. Leave for 1 hour then

use a needle to prick the wax around the wick where a well will have formed.

Reheat the extra wax to 1 80°F (82°C) and top up the well to just below the

previous poured level Leave to cool completely in the water bath.

variation
Create a diagonally striped candle by holding the mold

Remove the mold seal and slip the candle out of the mold. Pull out at an angle when pouring in the wax. The mold must be

8 the cocktail stick and cut the wick level with the base of the candle

with scissors. Trim the wick at the top to %" (1 .5 cm).

supported at the

water bath, or the effect

same angle when you
will be lost.
place it in the

candle making/project 6 45
o
Floating Flowers
o
DC
Special occasions merit special candles and these lovely

flowers make a stunning display when floating in water.

This project uses dip and carve wax to model the petals, and

the quantity described here will make at least four candles.

It is a good idea to color all the wax first then make one
You will need
candle at a time.
7 oz (200 g) dip and carve wax

Yellow dye disc

Blue dye disc

Pink dye disc

2 double boilers

Wax thermometer
8" (20 cm) length of W
(1.2 cm) wick

Knife

Spoon

Greaseproof paper

Ruler

Scissors

Baking foil

Wax glue

In a double boiler, heat one-quarter of the dip and carve wax to 1 80°F (82°C). Dip the

wick into the wax to prime it. Leave the wick to harden then cut 2" (5 cm) lengths for

JL each candle. Shave off a little of the yellow dye disc and stir it into the wax. To test the

color, drop a little of the wax onto some greaseproof paper and leave to dry. In the second

double boiler, heat the rest of the dip and carve wax to 1 80°F (82°C). Add a little each of the

blue and pink dyes and stir them into the wax to color it lilac.

candle making/project 7 47
o ^r
k Cutan 4 /4" 1

square of baking
(11 cm)

foil. Fold

Jmm the edges up to make a

shallow tray, about %" (1 cm) deep,

o to hold the wax. Fold the corners

tightly so the wax cannot escape.

Make another tray in the same way

using a 6" (15 cm) square of baking

foil. Photocopy or trace the small

and large petal templates on page

92 and cut out.

Pour the yellow wax into

the small tray to a depth of

about Vs" (3 mm). Pour the

lilac wax into the large tray to the

same depth. Retain the excess wax

in the double boilers. Allow the wax I

to cool slightly and become

rubbery. Place the small petal

template on the yellow wax and cut

around it with a knife.

Place the large petal

template in the corner of

JL the lilac wax square and

cut around it with a knife. Repeat to

cut five large petals.

 Lay a wick vertically down the length of the

yellow petal and wrap the base of the petal

W^ over the end of the wick to secure it. Bend the

rest of the petal shape outwards slightly so that it will

not get caught by the flame when the candle is lit.

^* Dab a little wax glue on the straight end of one

large petal. Wrap it around the small yellow

L^ petal. Bend the body of the petal outwards and

bend the tip upwards. Arrange and glue the remaining

large petals around the small petal, bending them

outwards. Set the candle aside to cool completely.

7 Reheat the remaining

(82°C) in
lilac

the double boiler and

wax

the heat. Hold the flower firmly by the wick

to 1

remove
80°F

it from

and dip the base of the flower into the wax to seal it.

Allow the excess wax to drip back into the double

boiler. Trim the wick to %" (1 .5 cm) before lighting.

candle making/project 7 49
o
Button Embedded
oc
Candle

T - - -
T

i^
 mother-of-pearl buttons have been captured within
Pretty
this candle. It is an intriguing technique and bound to

make those not "in the know" ask how it is done, but you

don't have to tell them how easy it is.

You will need

12'// oz (360 g) paraffin wax

-^ In a double boiler, heat the wax to
Tk oz (40 g) stearin
I 180°F(82°C).Diptheend2"(5cm)
Blue dye disc

_JL of the wick into the molten wax to Mother-of-pearl buttons

prime it. In the second double boiler heat the

stearin to 1 80°F (82°C). Cut off slivers of the 2 double boilers

blue dye disc and gradually stir them into the Wax thermometer

stearin to produce a sky blue color. Add the

8%" (21 cm) length of 2W
(6 cm) wick
wax to the stearin and gently stir. To test the
Knife
color, drop a little of the wax onto some
Spoon
greaseproof paper and leave to cool. Greaseproof paper

Round plastic candle mold,

1
2 /2" (6.5 cm) diameter and
1
5 /8 "(13cm)tall

Mold seal

Wicking needle

2 Allow the wick to harden then poke

about VA" (3 cm) of the primed

end out of the hole from inside the

Masking tape

Scissors

Water bath
(optional)

mold. Hold the wick in place with mold seal. Weight

Rest a wicking needle across the shoulder of Needle

Domestic iron
the mold and tie the other end of the wick
Paper towel
tightly around it. Pull the wick taut and press

the mold seal securely around the primed

end to prevent the wax escaping.

candle making/project 8 51
 Pour the wax into the mold

to a depth of about VA"

(8 cm). You might like to

mark this measurement on the

outside of the mold with masking

tape. After about 5 minutes, pour

the wax back into the double boiler.

A thin layer of wax will remain in

the mold.

Working quickly before the

wax cools, press two rows

-X of buttons firmly into the

wax about %" (1 cm) from what will

be the base of the candle. Knock the

wicking needle to one side if it gets

in the way. Reposition the needle

when the buttons are in place and

make sure the wick is central.

 Allow the wax in the double

boiler to cool to 165°F

(73°C) and pour it back

into the mold up to the previously

poured level. The wax needs to have

cooled so that it does not melt the

first layer holding the buttons. Keep

the excess wax for topping up. After

1 minute, tap the side of the mold

to release any air bubbles. Stand

the mold in a water bath with a

weight on top.

artist s tip
You can also experiment with

the embedding technique

using other small items such

as shells, glass pebbles,

beads or dried flowers, fruit

or leaves. But always

Leave for 1 hour then prick remember, after embedding

the wax around the wick the items, to pour the wax
L-^ where a well will have backat165°F(73°C), not the
formed. Reheat the wax to 180°F original 180°F(82°C).
(82°C) and top up the well to just

below the previously poured level.

Leave to cool completely in the

water bath then remove the mold

seal and slip the candle out of the

mold. Pull out the wicking needle

and cut the wick at the base with a

pair of scissors. Trim the wick at the

top of the candle to %" (1 .5 cm). To

level the base, gently heat an iron

and hold the candle against the

heated surface. Wipe the iron clean

immediately with paper towels.

candle making/project 8 53
 O
LU Oriental Painted

A ca
Candle
The dramatic oriental imagery on this chunky pillar candle

means "happy" in Chinese and will, hopefully, evoke a

joyful mood wherever you choose to place it. The design is

painted onto the surface of the finished candle with acrylic

paint. This is a great technique to use to add a personal touch

You will need
to plain candles.
1 lb 3 oz (540 g) paraffin wax

2 oz (60 g) stearin

Brown dye disc

Red dye disc

Cream acrylic paint

2 double boilers

Wax thermometer
3
8%" (21 cm) length of 2 /s"

(6 cm) wick

Knife

Spoon

Greaseproof paper

Round plastic candle mold,

1
2 /2 " (6.5 cm) diameter and 5 /s"
1

(13 cm) tall

Wicking needle

Mold seal

Water bath

Weight

Needle

Scissors

Sharp pencil

Thin paper

Paper towel

Masking tape

Artist's paintbrush
-^ In a double boiler, heat the wax to 1 80°F (82°C). Dip the end
Soft cloth
2" (5 cm) of the wick into the molten wax to prime it. In the

JL second double boiler, heat the stearin to 1 80°F (82°C). Slice

the brown dye disc in half. Crush one half with the back of a spoon

and stir it into the stearin. Shave off a little of the red dye disc and

add it to the mixture. Add the wax to the stearin and mix thoroughly.

To test the color, drop a little of the wax onto some greaseproof
paper and leave to cool.

candle making/project 9 55
o

2 Allow the wick to harden then poke about

primed end out of the hole

1 Vi" (3 cm) of the

from inside the mold. Rest a wicking

needle across the open top of the mold, which will become the

base of the candle, and tie the other end of the wick tightly around it.
 Pour the wax into the mold and keep the

/f excess for topping up. After a levy minutes, tap

JL the side of the mold to release any air bubbles.

Stand the mold in a water bath with a weight on top.

Leave for 1 hour, then use a needle to prick the wax

around the wick where a well will have formed. Reheat

the excess wax to 180°F (82°C) and top up the well to

just below the previously poured level. Leave to cool

completely in the water bath. Remove the mold seal

and slip the candle out of the mold. Pull out the wicking

needle and cut the wick level with the base of the

candle with scissors. Trim the primed wick at the top

to %" (1.5 cm).

Trace the oriental design on page 93 onto a

piece of thin paper to use as a template. Rest

the candle on a few sheets of paper towel to

protect it, and tape the template to the front of the

candle. Firmly redraw the motif to transfer it to the

candle. Keep the pencil sharpened or use a mechanical

pencil to lightly indent the wax. Peel off the tape and

remove the template.

Paint in the design using cream acrylic paint

and an artist's paintbrush. Leave to dry. To

finish, gently buff the candle with a soft cloth.

candle making/project 9 57
Floating Candles

Petit tour boats

Use petit tour

cookery molds to
make a set of floating

boat candles. Pour the

wax into the mold then add the
primed wick when the wax is

rubbery but not completely set. To

prevent water seepage, make sure
the hole does not go completely
through the wax.

Leaves
These oak leaves are cut
from wax poured in a
baking tray. Score
veins on the surface
with a knife before
the wax cools.
Stars
Use cookie cutters to stamp wax that

has been poured into a baking tray.

Stamp the candles when the wax is

rubbery but not completely set. Pierce a

hole for the wick but not right through

the wax, the wick must not be able to

draw up water while floating. Insert a

primed wick and leave to cool.

Daisies
Use dip and carve
wax to model these
pretty florals. The
round discs in the
center are
applied with
wax glue.

Orchids
These exotic
flower candles
are created with
two shades of pink

wax following the

instructions on
pages 46-49.
o
Jelly Candle
O
Quivering jelly wax is a wonderfully tactile material that is

displayed at its best in a transparent container. Here, an

inexpensive glass tumbler is decorated with gold ceramic paint

to coordinate with the warm red coloring of the jelly wax.

You will need

Gold ceramic paint

12 oz (340 g) jelly wax

Red powder wax dye

1 " (2.5 cm) wide masking tape

Scissors

Heatproof tumbler, 3%" (8 cm)

diameter and 4" (10 cm) tall

Paper towel

/2 " (1.2 cm)

1
flat paintbrush

6" (15 cm) length of small

papercore wick

Large wick holder tab

Pliers

Wax glue

Knife

Wicking needle

Double boiler

Wax thermometer
Spoon

: Apply the masking tape in vertical

stripes around the outside of the

tumbler, approximately Vt" (6 mm)

apart. Press the tape down well. Stick the

ends down inside the glass at the top and

under the bottom of the glass.

2 Lay the glass on

sheets of paper towel so

not roll
its side on a few

around. Apply gold

it does

ceramic paint between the masking tape on

the uppermost area of the glass. Leave to

dry, then turn the glass to continue painting

the stripes. Allow to dry then apply a second

coat of paint.

candle making/project 1 61
 3 Leave the tumbler to dry

completely then carefully

peel off the masking tape

to reveal the stripes.

V
4 Insert one end of the

papercore wick into a wick

holder tab and squeeze the

tab closed with a pair of pliers,

enclosing the wick. Make sure the

glass is dry inside and out. Spread

wax glue on the underside of the

tab and stick the tab firmly in the

center of the tumbler.

/
£
 ^* Rest a wicking needle across the top of the

*. tumbler and tie the wick securely around it so

W' that the wick stands taut and upright in the

center of the tumbler.

^^ Heat the jelly wax in a double boiler to 21 5°F

;; (110°C). Pick up a very small amount of the

\*J powder wax dye on the tip of a knife and

sprinkle it into the wax. Stir to dissolve it completely.

Only a tiny amount of powder is needed to produce a

strong color, so use it very sparingly. Pour the wax into the tumbler to about %" (1 cm)

7 below the rim. Leave to cool.

needle and cut the wick to %"

Pull out the

(1 .5 cm)
wicking

long.

candle making/project 10 63
o
Stacked Triangles

(
 geometric candle with its alternating bands of deep
This
brown and cream stripes is created by cutting triangles of

wax and then threading them onto a primed wick. You can use

any two colors that contrast well with each other.

You will need

1 lb 9 oz (720 g) paraffin wax

Stick a piece of masking tape

2 on the inside edge of the

about %"
4 oz (80 g) stearin

Brown dye disc

baking tray, Black dye disc

(1.5 cm) up from the base. Divide Yellow dye disc

the quantities of wax and stearin in

half. In a double boiler heat one half Scissors

ofthewaxto180°F(82°C). In the Masking tape

Ruler
second double boiler heat one half
Round baking tray, 8" (20 cm)
of the stearin to 180°F(82°C).
diameter

2 double boilers

Wax thermometer
Knife

Spoon

Greaseproof paper

Wicking needle

Craft knife

6" (1 5 cm) length of 1%" (4 cm)

wick

Small wick holder tab

^^ Crush half the brown and Pliers

^r one-quarter of the black

dye discs with a spoon

and stir them into the stearin to

make a dark brown color. Add the

heated wax to the stearin and stir.

To test the color, drop a little of the

wax onto some greaseproof paper

and leave to cool.

candle making/project 11 65
 Pour the wax into the

baking tray to the level of

the tape. Set the tray aside

to cool for 45 minutes.

Photocopy or trace the

triangle template on page

93 and cut it out. Pierce

the dot in the center with a wicking

needle. When the wax has partially

cooled and is rubbery to the touch,

place the template on the wax and

cut around it with a craft knife,

holding the knife blade upright.

Mark the holes with the wicking

needle. Repeat to cut three

triangles.

Use the wicking needle to

pierce the holes through to

the base of the tray: they

should be large enough to take the

wick. Leave to cool completely then

tip out the triangles.

 Clean the tray and double boilers, ready for the

next batch of wax. In one double boiler, heat

the put aside wax to 180°F (82°C). Meanwhile,

in the second double boiler, heat the set aside stearin to

180°F (82°C). Shave off a little of the yellow dye disc

and add it to the stearin to make a creamy color. Add

the wax to the stearin and mix well. Dip the wick into

the wax to prime it. Pour the wax into the tray and

follow Steps 3-5 to make three cream triangles with

holes in their centers.

7 When
tab.
the primed wick has cooled, slip one end into a wick holder

Squeeze the tab with pliers to hold the

Thread the triangles onto the wick then arrange each piece
wick securely in place.

at a
variation
A diamond template was used to cut these layers,

producing a variation on the stacked theme. The

slightly different angle to achieve the desired effect. Trim the wick to white layers were made by coloring the wax with a
5
/8"(1.5cm). pearl white dye disc.

candle making/project 11 67
 hell Stencilled
~D

Lantern

.«
 pretty shell stencilled lantern looks delightful with
This
a tea light inside and is just the thing for a twilight

alfresco supper. A waxed card drink carton is used as a

y
mold, then pretty shells are stencilled on the set candle's

walls with spray paint.

will neei

1 lb 10 oz (750 g) paraffin wax

Blue spray paint

Large waxed card drink carton

Ruler

Pen

Scissors

Double boiler

Wax thermometer
Knife

Stencil card

Craft knife

Cutting mat

Masking tape

Scrap paper

Empty the drink carton and cut it 4%" (1 2 cm) above the base.

Wash and dry it thoroughly. In a double boiler, heat the

paraffin wax to 1 80°F (82°C). Pour the wax into the carton.

candle making/project 12 69
 Leave the wax to cool until it forms a skin on ^^ Pour the still-molten wax in the carton into the

J the top and sides about Va" (6 mm) thick. Use double boiler, leaving four walls and a base of

a knife to cut off the top layer of wax, ^J partially solid wax.

and return it to the double boiler.

4 Leave the lantern to cool,

then tear off the carton to

reveal it. Level the base if

necessary in a heated saucepan

(see page 15). Level the top edge in

the same way.

5 Use the template on page

93 to draw shells onto

stencil card. Cut out the

stencil with a craft knife, resting on

a cutting mat.

artist s tip
To create a light, delicate

look, use the spray paint

sparingly. One short burst

will produce an array of fine

dots. To create more well-

defined shapes, spray the

same area with about three

or four bursts, always leaving

the paint for a minute or two

between sprays to dry.

Tape the stencil to one side

of the lantern with masking

tape. Protect the

surrounding area and the other

sides of the lantern with scrap

paper. Lightly spray the stencil with

spray paint. Leave to dry then

untape the stencil. Repeat on the

other sides of the lantern.

candle making/project 12 71
Wrapped Candles

Eucalyptus addition
Tie a sprig of artificial eucalyptus to

a tall candle with a length of string.

Bead trimming
Thread beads onto narrow organza
ribbon and wrap it around a candle,
sticking the ends to the back of the
candle with wax glue.

Waxed leaf tag

Pour a little green wax onto baking

foil then cut it into a leaf shape to
make a gift tag. Pierce a hole and
indent the veins with a knife tip. Tie

the leaf to the candle with raffia.

Bay leaf bundle

' 'I burlap around a candle. Emboss Tie four candles together with raffia then slip a bay leaf
i leal with a ballpoint pen and glue under the fastening as a finishing touch when giving
!
,-39). the candles as a present.
Cinnamon stick triangle
Tie a trio of cinnamon sticks to a triangular
frosted candle (see pages 88-91) using
two lengths of organza ribbon.

Chilli peppers wrapping

Wrap a chunky candle in iridescent film for
protection. Pierce a hole through the stalks
of three dried chillies and thread them onto
paper ribbon. Tie the chilli ribbon around
the film, enclosing the candle.

Dried fruit decoration

Thread a slice of dried fruit onto some fine leather thong
and tie it around the top of a double wick candle.
o
LU Christmas Tree
O
DC
Candle

«•»
 three-dimensional festive tree candle will make a
This
wonderful addition to your usual Christmas decorations.

Two tree shapes are cut from wax that has been poured into

a shallow tray. They are then cut in half and joined with wax

glue, forming a cross that enables the tree to stand upright.

You will need
Metal star studs provide understated embellishments.
12% oz (360 g) paraffin wax
1 % oz (40 g) stearin

Green dye disc

^ Stick a piece of masking tape on 8 metal star studs

m the inside edge of the baking tray,

JL Vi (1 .2 cm) up from the base. In a Masking tape

double boiler heat the wax to 1 80°F (82°C). Ruler

wax to prime and Scissors

Dip the wick into the it,

Round baking tray, 8" (20 cm)

leave to harden.
diameter

2 double boilers

Wax thermometer
1 1 "
5 /8"(13cm)lengthof /2
(1.2 cm) wick

Spoon

Pencil

Craft knife

Wicking needle

2
Small wick holder tab
In the second double boiler, heat
Pliers

the stearin to 180°F(82°C). Crush

Wax glue

half the green dye disc with a

spoon and stir it into the stearin. Add the

wax to the stearin and mix well. Pour the wax

into the tray up to the masking tape mark.

candle making/project 13 75
o Leave the wax to cool for 45

minutes. Photocopy or trace the

template on page 93 and cut it out

When the wax has cooled but is still warm

o and pliable, place the template on top of it

and cut around it with a craft knife, holding

the blade upright. Pierce the dots with a

wicking needle. Cut the tree in half

lengthwise. Repeat to cut another tree.

Press a metal star stud into the

pierced dots on each tree section.

-JL Leave the wax to cool completely,

then tip out the tree sections. Push a stud

into the back of the trees matching the

position of those on the front.

Slip one end of

the wick into a

wick holder

tab. Squeeze the tab

around the wick with a

pair of pliers to secure

it in position.

Cut a shallow

"V" along the

long, cut edges

of two of the tree halves

to create a channel to

conceal the wick.

 Press the wick into the channel ot one of the tree halves, Take the second tree half with a channel cut into

aligning the tab with the base of the tree. Spread wax
over the cut edge of the tree section, covering the wick.
glue

8 it, and press it

containing the wick.

together with the tree section

Spread wax glue on the long, cut edges of the Carefully cut each side at the top of the tree

9 remaining two half tree sections. Press these sections

to the whole tree candle, covering the central join. 10 sections you have just applied at an angle with

the craft knife. Trim the wick to %" (1 .5 cm).

candle making/project 13 77
o
LU Safari Flares
O
DC
Create
tall,
an exotic atmosphere

patterned flares, perfect for

outdoor parties. The animal prints are made by cutting shapes

in the garden with a set of

summer barbecues or %
from applique wax and sticking them onto the flares, which

started out as humble bamboo canes.

You will need

2 lb (800 g) paraffin wax

Pearl white dye disc

Yellow dye disc

Brown dye disc

Red dye disc

Black applique wax

Brown applique wax

Brown parcel paper

Scissors

Ruler

Bamboo cane
Wax glue

Knife

Dipping can

Double boiler

Wax thermometer
Spoon

Support for the cane while drying,

such as a dishpan

Paper towels

14" (35 cm) length of 3"

(7.5 cm) wick

Pen

Cutting mat

Craft knife

Cut a strip of brown parcel paper 8" x

I 1 1 Vi (45 x 4 cm). Stick

the end of the strip diagonally to one end of a bamboo cane

JL. with wax glue. Bind the strip diagonally around the end 7"

(1 7 cm) of the cane and fix the end in place with wax glue. Cut off

the excess strip. Tuck the top end of the strip into the cane.

candle making/project 14 79
2 Place the paraffin

clipping

can in
can and stand the

a double boiler.
wax in a

Heatthewaxto160°F(71°C).To

make the zebra flare, add slivers of

pearl white dye disc to the wax to

whiten it. To make the leopard and

giraffe flares, crush half a yellow

dye disc and a quarter of a brown

dye disc with a spoon and add to

the wax to color it. To make the

tiger flare, crush half a yellow dye

disc and a quarter of a red dye disc

with a spoon and add to the wax to

make an orange shade.

3 Dip the paper covered end

of the

Lift
cane into the

the cane out after 3

wax.

seconds. Rest the uncovered part of

the cane across a dishpan or

similar, with paper towels in place

to catch any drips of wax.

 4 Leave to cool for

Continue clipping the

covered end of the cane

1 minute.

in

the wax for 3 seconds and leaving it

to cool for 1 minute until the wax is

1" (2.5 cm) thick. If the depth of the

wax in the can is now lower than

the wax on the cane, simply pour in

more wax and reheat to 160°F

(71°C).

5 Dip the wick

prime it,

to cool. Starting at the

in the

and allow the wick

wax to

bottom of the waxed area of cane,

bind the wick diagonally around the

wax. Allow the wick to extend at the

top. Stick the ends in place with

wax glue.

candle making/project 14 81
o Continue dipping the cane

as before until it has a fairly

\*J even finish. Do not worry if

slight bumps over the wick are

O visible. The fur-effect animal

markings will detract from them.

DC
Q_

Photocopy or trace the

/desired animal print motif

on page 94 and cut out

the shapes. Draw around the

shapes onto the backing paper of

the applique wax: black applique

wax for the zebra, leopard and tiger

marks, brown applique wax for the

second leopard marks and the

giraffe print. Working over a cutting

mat, use a craft knife to cut out the

shapes, cutting through the wax.

 Peel off the backing paper. Arrange the black pieces Place the black leopard markings on another yellow

8
flare
on the flares and press them firmly in place:

position the zebra markings diagonally on the white

and the tiger markings diagonally on the orange flare.

h*w flare and then follow with the brown markings within

the large black pieces. Place the

markings on a plain yellow flare.

brown giraffe

candle making/project 14 83
o
Marble Slab
O
DC
Unusual marble effects are created when two shades of dip

and carve wax are blended together. Dip and carve wax

can be molded and shaped when it is warm. Cut the blended

wax into a simple slab shape - this will show the realistic

marbling effect at its best.

You will need

12M- oz (360 g) dip and carve wax

Black dye disc

Scissors

Ruler

Baking foil

Double boiler

Wax thermometer
"
2%" (6 cm) length 1
of 2 /2

(6.5 cm) wick

Knife

Greaseproof paper

Hair dryer (optional)

Rolling pin

Metal ruler

Wicking needle

Large wick holder tab

Pliers

Cut three 6" (15 cm) squares ot

2 baking foil. Fold the edges upwards

- no more than
to

make shallow trays

%" (1 .5 cm) deep - to hold the wax. Fold the

corners tightly so wax cannot escape.

2 Heat the dip and carve wax

double boilerto 180°F (82°C). Dip

the wick into the wax to

in

prime
a

it

and leave to cool and harden. Pour

approximately one-third of the wax into each

of two of the baking foil containers.

candle making/project 15 85
 Add slivers of a black dye disc to the Sandwich the black wax sheet between the two

remaining wax in the double boiler. To test white wax sheets and roll them together.

the color, drop a little ot the wax onto some

greaseproof paper and leave to cool. When you are

happy with the color, pour it into the last foil

container. Leave the sheets of wax to cool until

rubbery, then peel off the foil.

Place the rolled wax between two sheets of Place the wax between two clean sheets of

it
greaseproof paper and knead firmly to blend

the colors.

does become too hard

Work quickly before the

to handle, warm the

wax sets:

wax with
if 6 greaseproof paper and use a

it out to 1" (2.5 cm) thick.

rolling pin to roll

a hair dryer.
Remove the top layer of greaseproof paper. Pierce a hole in the center of the marble slab with

Use a knife against a metal ruler to cut the a wicking needle. Leave the candle to cool. Insert

rolled wax into an ZV? (8 cm) square. L^ the wick into a wick holder tab and squeeze the

tab with pliers to hold the wick in place.

Insert the wick through the hole in the marble variation

slab. Trim the wick to %" (1 .5 cm) long. Any shades of dip and carve wax can be mixed together

to create all manner of effects. Try two tones of yellow

for a sienna marble look, or use vibrant colors, like this

pink, to create a purely fantasy marble.

candle making/project 15 87
o
IJJ
Frosted Effect
 unusual finish is achieved by allowing the wax to cool and
This
then stirring it to produce a frothy texture. The finished

candles will be paler in color than those created with a traditional

method so bear that in mind when coloring the wax. The wax,

stearin and dye quantities here will make one lilac candle.
You will need

9 oz (270 g) paraffin wax

In a double boiler heat the wax to
1 % oz (30 g) stearin

M 180°F(82°C).Diptheend2"(5cm) Blue dye disc

-JL otthe wick into the wax to prime it.

Pink dye disc

Allow the wick to harden then poke about

1 Va" (3 cm) out of the hole from inside the 2 double boilers

mold. Rest a cocktail stick across the Wax thermometer

7" (18 cm) length of 2" (5 cm)
shoulder of the mold, which will become the
wick
base of the candle, and tie the other end A"
Round plastic candle mold, 2'
around it. Pull the wick taut and secure the (6 cm) diameter and 4" (10 cm)
tall
primed end around the hole with mold seal.
Cocktail stick
In the second double boiler, heat the stearin
Mold seal
to 180°F (82°C). Use a knife to scrape blue
Knife
and pink dye into the stearin to color it violet
Spoon
and stir. Add the wax to the stearin and stir.
Greaseproof paper
To test the color, drop a little wax onto some Scissors

greaseproof paper and leave to cool. Fork

Water bath

Weight

Needle

2 Remove
allow

stirring
it
the wax from

to cool while constantly

it
the heat and

with a fork, so that a skin

does not appear on the top. A frothy scum

will form on the surface as the wax cools.

candle making/project 16 89
o Pour the frothy wax

the mold.
into
5 Continue stirring the wax

until

pour
it

it
is frothy again then

slowly back into

the mold. Keep the excess for

topping up. After a few minutes,

tap the side of the mold to release

any air bubbles. Stand the mold in

an empty water bath and place a

weight on top. Fill the bowl with

water to the level of the wax to

cool it.
artist s tip
Create a set of frosted

candles in cool,

complementary shades.

Color the stearin with a little

blue dye to create a cool

aqua candle, or mix small

amounts of blue and yellow

dye to produce a minty

green candle.

Leave to cool for 1 hour. By

this time a well will have

formed around the wick.

Prick the wax around the wick with

a needle. Reheat the wax and let it

coolto150°F(65°C). Use this to

top up the well to just below the

previously poured level. Leave to

cool completely in the bowl of

water, then remove the mold seal

and slip the candle out of the mold.

Cut the wick level with the base of

the candle and trim the wick at the

top to %" (1.5 cm).

candle making/project 16 91
Templates
The templates on these pages are actual size. Either photocopy

them straight from the page or trace around them and transfer to

template paper.

Tall Triangle

(page 36)

Floating Flowers

(page 46)
Oriental Candle motif Stacked Triangles

(page 54) (page 64)

Shell Stencilled Lantern

(page 68)

Christmas Tree Candle

(page 74)

93
Safari Flares (Leopard)

(page 78)

Safari Flares (Tiger)

(page 78)

Safari Flares (Giraffe)

(page 78)
Safari Flares (Zebra)

(page 78)
Suppliers
Alabaster Candle Supply Scentmasters
405 7th N St. 236 Arch Ave.
Clanton, AL 35045 Waynesboro, VA 22980
Tel: (205) 755-3111 Tel: (888)929-9711
www.alabastcrcandlesupply. www.waxhouse.com
com
Spirit Crafts
Aztex Enterprises 56936 Sunnyslope Terrace
P.O. Box 50070 Yucca Valley, CA 92284
Knoxville, TN 37950 www.spiritcrafts.net
Tel: (800) 369-5357
E-mail: [email protected] Yaley Enterprises
www.aztexonline.com 7664 Avianca Dr.
Redding, CA 96002
Candle Cents Tel: (877) 365-5212
129 Industrial Park Dr. E-mail: [email protected]
Bldg. #5, Suite F www.yaley.com
Hollister, MO 65616
Tel: (888) 336-3915
www.candlecents.com

The Candlewic Company

8244 Easton Road
Ottsville,PA 18942
Tel: (610) 847-2076
www.candlewic.com

Dick Blick Art Materials

Tel: (800) 723-2787
www.dickblick.com

Hobby Lobby Creative Centers

www.hobbylobby.com

Lone Star Candle Supply, Inc.

1500 Northpark Dr., Suite 126
Fort Worth, TX 76102
Tel: (817) 348-0330
www.lonestarcandlesupply.
com

Lynden House International

Inc.

5527-137 Ave.
Edmonton, Alberta
T5L 3L4 CANADA
Tel: (780)448-1994
www.lyndenhouse.net

Michaels Arts & Crafts Stores

www.michaels.com

P 8c V Equipment Sales
300 Thomas Ave., Bldg. #301
Williamstown, NJ 08094
E-mail: [email protected]
www.pvcandlequip.com

95
 BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY

Index
A-
q^5 3 9999 04373 335 9

Brighton Branch Library

40 Academy Milt Rood
Brighton, MA 02135-3316

Figures in italics refer to Galleries coloring wax 12-13 pastel shades 25

embedding technique, Button Embedded perfume see scented candles
Candle 50-3 plastic molds 1

acrylic paint 1 equipment 8-9 pliers 10

adhesive tapes 9 eucalyptus leaves, wrapped candles 73 pouring jugs 9
applique effects 40-1 powder dye 1
applique wax 9 priming wicks 13
astrological signs, applique effects 40 Flares, Safari 78-83
flattening bases 15
floating candles 58-9 recycled containers 30
baking foil molds 10 Floating Flowers 46-9 rulers 9
baking molds 10 Frosted Effect 88-91
baking trays 1
bases, flattening 15 Safari Flares 78-83
bay leaf bundle, wrapped candles 72 garden bowl 31 safety 8
bead trimming, wrapped candles 72 glass containers 1 scented candles
beeswax candles glass molds 1 Fragrant Container Candles 26-9
beeswax 9 glue, wax 10 pine wax perfume 31
Beeswax Spirals 18-21 gold ceramic paint, Jelly Candle 60-3 wax perfume 1

priming wicks 13 greaseproof paper 9 scissors 9

braided wicks 10 shaped candles
Button Embedded Candle 50-3 Christmas Tree Candle 74-7
Harlequin style, applique effects 40 making your own shapes 16
heating wax 8 Stacked Triangles 64-7
cans, recycled containers 30 hooped candle, applique effects 41 Shell Stencilled Lantern 68-71
card 9 spirals
card molds 1 applique effects 40
Tall Triangle 36-9 jelly wax 9 Beeswax Spirals 18-21
ceramic containers 1 Jelly Candle 60-3 Stacked Triangles 64-7
ceramic paint 1 stearin 10
Jelly Candle 60-3 adding wax to 13
checkerboard, applique effects 41 knives 8-9 melting 12
chilli peppers, wrapped candles 72 stencilling, Shell Stencilled Lantern 68-71
Christmas Tree Candle 74-7 striped candle, applique effects 41
cinnamon sticks, wrapped candles 72 Lantern, Shell Stencilled 68-71
cocktail sticks 8 latex molds 1

color Layers of Color 42-5 Tall Triangle 36-9

coloring wax 12-13 Tapers, Tiny 22—5
diagonally striped candles 45 templates 92-4
dye discs 1 Marble Slab 84-7 terra-cotta containers 30
jelly wax 63 melting wax 12 thermometers 8
Layers of Color 42—5 metal containers 1 Tiny Tapers 22-5
pastel shades 25 metal molds 1 travel candle 30
pink wax 29 microcrystalline 9 triangular candles
powder dye 1 molds 10-11 Stacked Triangles 64-7
Two-color Multiwick Candle 32-5 Button Embedded Candle 50-3 Tall Triangle 36-9
colored glass containers 30 Frosted Effect 88-91
container candles 11, 30-1 Layers of Color 42-5
Fragrant Container Candles 26-9 mold seal 1 wax
Jelly Candle 60-3 Oriental Painted Candle 54-7 heating 8
copper metal leaf, Tall Triangle 36-9 positioning wicks 13-14 making the candle 15
copper plaque, wrapped candles 73 Shell Stencilled Lantern 68-71 preparation 12-13
craft knives 8 Tall Triangle 36-9 types of 9 -10
crystal wax 9 Two-color Multiwick Candle 32-5 wax glue 10
cups, container candles 31 Multiwick Candle, Two-color 32-5 wax perfume 1

cutting mats 9 waxed leaves, wrapped candles 73

weighing wax 12
needles, wicking 10, 14 weights 9
dip and carve wax 9 wick holder tabs 10
Iloating Flowers 46-9 positioning wicks 14
Marble Slab 84-7 Oriental Painted Candle 54-7 wicking needles 10, 14
dipped candles wicks
dipping cans 8 mold seal 10
iri Flares 78-83 paint 1 positioning 13-14
lipers 22-5 Oriental Painted Candle 54-7 priming 13
i

ill rs 8 Shell Stencilled Lantern 68-71 Two-color Multiwick Candle 32-5

Ht. wrapped candles 73 papercore wicks 10 types of 10
paraffin wax 9-10 wrapped candles 72-3
 • All you need
to know about
materials and
techniques, plus

helpful artist's tips

and inspirational

variations

16 projects for Features

creating your own many close-up
candles using photographs of
colored and candle-making
scented wax, techniques and
applique, stencils clear step-by-step

and metal leaf instructions

ISBN 1 -58923-021 -3

90000

781589H230217I