Solution

ASSIGNMENT

Class 11 - Mathematics
Section A
tan A+tan B sin(A+B)
1. To prove: tan A−tan B
=
sin(A−B)

tan A+tan B
L.H.S = tan A−tan B
sin A sin B
+
c os A c os B
=
sin A sin B
−
c os A c os B
sin A c os B+c os A sin B

c os A c os B
=
sin A c os B−c os A sin B

c os A c os B

sin A cos B+cos A sin B

=
sin A cos B−cos A sin B

sin(A+B)
=
sin(A−B)

= R.H.S
Hence proved.
2. In 60 minutes, the minute hand of a watch completes one revolution.
2
Therefore, in 40 minutes, the minute hand turns through 3
of a revolution.
∴ θ=
2

3
× 360
∘
or 4π

3
radian
Hence, the required distance traveled is given by:
4π
x = r θ = 1.5 × 3
cm = 2πcm = 2 × 3.14cm = 6.28 cm
′ ′
′
3. Here, 30 "= (
30

60
) =( 1

2
) [∵ 60 "= 1 ′
⇒ 1 " =( 1

60
) ]
′
1 ′ 75
Now, 37 30 "= 37 + ′ ′
(
2
) =( 2
)

∘ 0 ∘

=( 75

2×60
) =( 5

8
) [ ∵ 60 ′
= 1
o
⇒ 1' = ( 1

60
) ]
0 ∘
5 405
o
∴ 50 37 30 "= 50 + (
′ o

8
) =( 8
)

rad [∵ 180o = π rad ⇒ 1o =

405 405 π π
Hence, ( 8
) = 8
×
180 180
rad]
= 9π

32
rad
2 2
(1+i) 1+ i +2i
4. Given that 2−i
= x + iy ⇒ 2−i
= x + iy
1−1+2i 2i
⇒
2−i
= x + iy ⇒ 2−i
= x + iy
2i(2+i) 2
4i+2i
⇒ = x + iy ⇒ 2
= x + iy [multyply & divide by 2 + i]
(2−i)(2+i) 4−i

= x + iy [∵ i2 = - 1]
4i−2
⇒
4+1
−2+4i −2
⇒
5
= x + iy ⇒ 5
+
4

5
i = x + iy
Compare the real part and imaginary parts, we get
−2
x= 5
and y = 4

5
−2
Hence, x + y = 5
+
4

5
=
2

5
.
2+3i 2−3i (2+3i)(2−3i)
5. ( 3+4i
)(
3−4i
) =
(3+4i)(3−4i)

[a2-b2 =
4−9i
=
2
(a-b)(a+b)]
9−16i
13
= 25
which is purely real.
6. We have, (2 - 3i)3
= 23 - 3 × 22 × 3i - 3 × 2 × (3i)2 - (3i)3 [(a-b)3 = a3 - 3a2b - 3ab2 - b3]
= 8 - 36i + 54 + 27i
= 46 - 9i.
7. Given that,
5x – 7 < x + 3
⇒ 5x – 7 + 7 < x + 3 + 7

⇒ 5x < x + 10

1 / 13
 ⇒ 5x – x < x + 10 -x
⇒ 4x < 10
4x 10
⇒ <
4 4
5
⇒ x <
2

Now when,
−3x
≥ x − 5
2

−3x
⇒ (
2
) ≥ 2x – 10
⇒ -3x ≥ 2x – 10
⇒ -3x – 2x ≥ 2x -10 – 2x

⇒ -5x ≥ -10

⇒ -5x(-1) ≥ -10(-1)
⇒ 5x ≤ 10
5x 10
⇒ ≤
5 5

⇒ x≤2
Therefore,
x < and x ≤ 2
5

Combining these conditions, we have,

x≤2
⇒ x ∈ (-∞ , 2]
2x−1
8. As, ∣∣ x−1
∣ > 2
∣
2x−1 2x−1
⇒
x−1
< −2 or x−1
> 2 (As, |x| > 2 ⇒ x < −2 or x > 2)
2x−1 2x−1
⇒
x−1
+ 2 < 0 or x−1
− 2 > 0

2x−1+2x−2 2x−1−2x+2
⇒
x−1
< 0 or x−1
> 0

4x−3
⇒
x−1
< 0 or x - 1 > 0
⇒ [(4x - 3 > 0 and x - 1 < 0) or (4x - 2 < 0 and x - 1 > 0)] or [x - 1 > 0]
3 3
⇒ [(x >
4
and x < 1) or (x < 4
and x > 1) or [x > 1]
⇒ [(
3

4
< x < 1) or ϕ] or [x < 1]

⇒ [
3

4
< x < 1] or [x < 1]
⇒
3

4
< x < 1 or x > 1
3
∴ x ∈ ( , 1) ∪ (1, ∞)
4

3
solution set for given inequation is x ∈ ( 4
, 1) ∪ (1, ∞)

x 1
9. Given that, x−5
>
2

x 1
⇒ − > 0
x−5 2
2x−x+5
⇒ > 0
2(x−5)

x+5
⇒ > 0
x−5

⇒ {x+5 > 0 & x-5 >0} or {x+5 < 0 & x-5 <0}
⇒ {x > -5 & x > 5} or {x < -5 & x < 5}

⇒ {x > 5} or {x < -5}

Hence x ∈ (-∞ , -5) ∪ (5, ∞ )

Hence solution of > is x ∈ (-∞ , -5) U (5, ∞ )
x

x−5
1

10. Total number of ways of choosing (3 consonants out of 7) and (2 vowels out of 4)
7 4 7×6×5 4×3
= ( C3 × C2 ) = ( × ) = 210
3×2×1 2×1

number of groups, each containing 3 consonants and 2 vowels = 210.

Each group contains 5 letters.
Number of ways of arranging 5 letters amongst themselves = 5! = ( 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 ) = 120.
Hence, the required number of words = (210 × 120) = 25200
11. Given: 1 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 9 ... (2n - 1)
Find: Convert into Factorial

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 [(1)(3)(5)…(2n−1)][(2)(4)(6)…(2n)]
⇒
[(2)(4)(6)…(2n)]

[(1)(2)(3)(4)…(2n−1)(2n)]
⇒ n
2 [(1)(2)(3)…(n)]

(2n)!
= n
2 n!
n
Cr n−r+1
12. n
Cr−1
= r
n
Cr
LHS = nC
r−1

(r−1)!(n−r+1)!
= n!
×
n!
r!(n−r)!

(n−r+1)(n−r)!(r−1)!
= r(r−1)!(n−r)!

n−r+1
= r
= RHS
LHS = RHS
∴

Hence proved
13. The question paper has two sets each containing 10 questions. so the student has to choose 8 from part A and 5 from part B.
⇒ choosing 8 questions from 10 of part A in10C8

⇒ choosing 5 questions from 10 of part B in10C5

⇒ by Multiplication principle, we get
= total no. of ways in which he can attempt the paper is10C8 × 10C5

Applying nCr = n!

r!(n−r)!

= 11340 ways
14. We know that total number of letters in PERMUTATIONS = 12
Only repeated letter is T; 2 times
First and last letter of the word are fixed as P and S respectively.
Number of letters remaining = 12 - 2 = 10
10p

10! 10!
No. of permutations = = 1814400
2!
= =
2! 2(10−10)! 2

Section B
π –
15. We have to prove that: cot 8
=
√2 +1
π
LHS = cot 8

Let 2θ = 45o
We know,
2
cot θ−1
cot 2θ = 2 cot θ
2

cot 45o = ... {∵ cot 45o = 1}

cot θ−1

2 cot θ
2
cot θ−1
1= 2 cot θ

2 cotθ = cot2θ - 1
cot2θ - 2 cotθ - 1 = 0
Formula used:
2
−b± √b −4ac

x= 2a
for ax2 + bx + c = 0
2
−[−2]± √[−2] −4⋅1⋅(−1)

cotθ = 2⋅1

2± √4+4 2±2√2 –
cotθ = 2
= 2
= 1 ± √2
cotθ < 0 as θ is in 1st quadrant.
So,
–
cotθ = 1 + √2
As, 2θ = 45o ⇒ θ =
∘
45

2
= π

8
–
cot π

8
= 1 +√2
LHS = RHS
Hence proved.

3 / 13
16. We have to find the value of sin (A + B)
It is given that,
−12
cos A =
13
and cot B = 24

7
−−−−−−−− −
−−−−−−− − 2 −−−−−− −−
−
−12 144 25 5
2
∴ sin A = √1 − cos A = √1 − ( ) = √1 − = √ =
13 169 169 13

and,
−−−−−−−−
cosec B = −√1 + ∞t B [∵ cosec is negative in third quadrant]
2

−−−−−−−−
2 −−−−−− −−−−− −−
−
24 576 49+576 625 25
= − √1 + ( ) = − √1 + = −√ = −√ = −
7 49 49 49 7

−7 1
⇒ sin B = [∵ cosec B = ]
25 sin B

Now,
−−−−−−− −
2
cos B = − √1 − sin B [∵ cosθ is negative in third quadrant]
−−− −−−−−−
2 −−−−−− −−−−− −−
−
−7 49 625−49 576 −24
= − √1 − ( ) = − √1 − = −√ = −√ =
25 625 625 625 25

Now,
sin(A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
5 −24 −12 −7
= × ( ) + ( ) × ( )
13 25 13 25

−120 84
= +
325 325
−120+84
=
325
−36
=
325

17. We have L.H.S=. cos( π

4
− x) cos(
π

4
− y) sin(
π

4
− x) sin(
x

4
− y)

= cos[
π

4
− x +
π

4
− y] [ ∵cos (A+ B) = cos A cos B - sin A sin B]
= cos[
π

2
− (x + y)] = sin (x + y) = R.H.S
sin A sin 2A+sin 3A sin 6A
18. sin A cos 2A+sin 3A cos 6A
= tan 5A
Consider LHS:
sin A sin 2A+sin 3A sin 6A

sin A cos 2A+sin 3A cos 6A

Multiplying numerator and denominator by 2, we get

2 sin A sin 2A+2 sin 3A sin 6A
= 2 sin A cos 2A+2 sin 3A cos 6A

cos(A−2A)−cos(A+2A)+cos(3A−6A)−cos(3A+6A)
=
sin(A+2A)+sin(A−2A)+sin(3A+6A)+sin(3A−6A)

cos(−A)−cos 3A+cos(−3A)−cos 9A
=
sin 3A sin(−A)+sin 9A+sin(−3A)

cos A−cos 3A+cos 3A−cos 9A

= sin 3A−sin A+sin 9A−sin 3A

cos A−cos 9A
= sin 9A−sin A
A+9A A−9A
−2 sin( ) sin( )

=
2 2

A+9A 9A−A
2 cos( ) sin( )
2 2

= sin 5A cos 4A

sin 5A cos(−4A)

= tan 5A
= RHS
Hence proved.
19. LHS = (sin x + sin y) + [(sin z − sin (x + y + z)]
x+y x−y z+x+y+z z−x−y−z
= 2 sin 2
× cos 2
+ 2 cos 2
× sin 2
C+D C−D
[∵ sinC + sinD = 2sin 2
× cos 2
]
C+D C−D
[∵ sinC − sinD = 2cos 2
× sin 2
]
x+y x−y x+y+2z (x+y)
= 2 sin 2
× cos 2
+ 2 cos 2
× sin [− 2
]

x+y x−y x+y+2z (x+y)

= 2 sin 2
× cos 2
- 2 cos 2
× sin 2

[∵sin(−θ) = −sin θ]
x+y x−y x+y+2z
= 2 sin 2
[cos 2
- cos 2
]
x −y x +y+2z x −y x +y+2z
+ −
x+y
= 2 sin [- 2 sin ]
2 2 2 2
sin
2 2 2

4 / 13
 x+y x−y
[∵ cos x - cos y = - 2 sin ( 2
) sin ( 2
) ]
x+y x+z −y−z
= - 4 sin 2
× sin 2
× sin 2
x+y x+z y+z
= - 4 sin 2
× sin 2
(- sin 2
)
[∵ sin(−θ) = −sin θ]
x+y y+z z+x
= 4 sin 2
× sin 2
× sin 2
= RHS
Hence proved.
20. Let, (a + ib)2 = -7 + 24i
⇒ a2 + (bi)2 + 2abi = -7 + 24i [(a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab]
⇒ a2 - b2 + 2abi = -7 + 24i [i2 = -1]
Now, separating real and complex parts, we get
⇒ a2 - b2 = -7.........eq.1
⇒ 2ab = 24

⇒ a = ........eq.2
12

Now, using the value of a in eq.1, we get

2

⇒(
12

b
) – b2 = -7

⇒ 144 – b4 = -7b2
⇒ b4 - 7b2 - 144= 0
=> ( b2+ 9)( b2 -16) = 0
⇒ b2 = -9 or b2 = 16
As b is real no. so, b2 = 16
b = 4 or b = -4
put value of b in equation (2) ==> a = 3 or a = -3
Hence the square root of the complex no. is 3 + 4i and -3 -4i.
21. Let, (a + ib)2 = 0 + 4i
⇒ a2 + (bi)2 + 2abi = 0 + 4i [(a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab]
⇒ a2 - b2 + 2abi = 0 + 4i [i2 = -1]
Now, separating real and complex parts, we get
⇒ a2 - b2 = 0 …………..(1)
⇒ 2ab = 4

⇒ a = …….. (2)2

Now, using the value of a in (1), we get

2

(
2

b
) - b2 = 0

⇒ 4 - b4 = 0
⇒ b4 = 4
Simplify and get the value of b2 , we get,
⇒ b2 = -2 or b2 = 2
As b is real no. so, b2 = 2
– –
b= √2 or b= −√2
– –
put value of b in equation (2) ==> a= √2 or a= −√2
– – – –
Hence the square root of the complex no. is √2 + √2i and −√2 − √2i.
2
22. LHS = |1 − z̄ z | − |z − z | ¯
¯
1 2 1 2
2

¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
= (1 − z ¯
¯¯¯
¯
1 z2 )
¯¯
(1 − z1 z2 )
¯¯
¯
- (z1 - z2) (z ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
1 − z2 )
¯

= (1 − ¯
¯¯¯
¯
z1 z2 ) (1 −
¯
¯¯¯
¯
z1 z2 ) - (z1 - z2) ¯
¯¯
(z1
¯
¯ ¯
¯¯
− z2 )
¯
¯

= 1 + z1 z z2 z - z1 z - z2 z
¯
¯¯¯
¯
1
¯
¯¯¯
¯
2
¯
¯¯¯
¯
1
¯
¯¯¯
¯
2

= 1 + |z 1|
2
|z2 |
2
− |z1 |
2
− |z2 |
2

= (1 − |z 1|
2
) (1 − |z2 | )
2

5 / 13
 2 2
RHS = k (1 - |z | ) (1 - |z | )
1 2

As LHS = RHS, thus we get,

k=1
23. When,
|x - 2| ≤ 1
Then,
x – 2 ≤ -1 and x -2 ≥ 1
Now when,
x–2≤-1
Adding 2 to both the sides in above equation
==> x – 2 + 2 ≤ -1 + 2
==> x ≤ 1
Now when,
x–2≥1
Adding 2 to both the sides in above equation
==> x – 2 + 2 ≥ 1 + 2
==> x ≥ 3
For |x – 2| ≥ 1 <==> x ≤ 1 or x ≥ 3
When,
|x - 2| ≤ 3
Then,
x – 2 ≥ - 3 and x – 2 ≤ 3
Now when,
x – 2 ≥ -3
Adding 2 to both the sides in above equation
==> x – 2 + 2 ≥ -3 + 2
==> x ≥ -1
Now when,
x–2≤3
Adding 2 to both the sides in above equation
==> x – 2 + 2 ≤ 3 + 2
==> x ≤ 5
For |x – 2| ≤ 3: x ≥ -1 or x ≤ 5
Combining the intervals:
x ≤ 1 or x ≥ 3 and x ≥ -1 or x ≤ 5
Merging the overlapping intervals:
-1 ≤ x ≤ 1 and 3 ≤ x ≤ 5
Therefore,
x ∈ [-1 ,1] ∪ [3, 5]
24. Let the length of the shortest board be x cm
Then length of the second board = (x + 3) cm
length of the third board = 2x cm
Now x + (x + 3) + 2x ≤ 91 and 2x ≥ (x + 3) + 5
⇒ 4x + 3 ≤ 91 and 2x − (x + 3) ≥ 5

⇒ 4x ≤ 91 − 3 and 2x − x − 3 ≥ 5

⇒ 4x ≤ 88 and x ≥ 5 + 3
⇒ x ≤ 22 and x ≥ 8
Thus minimum length of shortest board is 8 cm and maximum length is 22 cm.
(2x−1) (3x−2) (2−x)
25. Here 3
⩾
4
−
5
2x 1 3x 2 2 x
⇒ − ⩾ − − +
3 3 4 4 5 5
2x 3x x −2 2 1
⇒ − − ⩾ − +
3 4 5 4 5 3
40x−45x−12x −30−24+20
⇒ ⩾
60 60
−17x −34
⇒ ⩾
60 60

6 / 13
 Multiplying both sides by 60, we have
−17x ⩾ −34

Dividing both sides by -17, we have

−17x −34
⩽
−17 −17

⇒ x ⩽ 2

Thus the solution set is (−∞, 2]

26. Given:
|x−3|−x

x
< 2, x ∈ R.
Intervals of |x - 3|
|x - 3| = -(x - 3) or (x - 3)
When |x - 3| = x - 3
x-3≥0
Therefore, x ≥ 3
When |x - 3| = -(x - 3)
(x - 3) < 0
Therefore, x < 3
Intervals: x ≥ 3 or x < 3
|x−3|−x
Domain of x
< 2:
|x−3|−x

x
is not defined for x = 0
Therefore, x > 0 or x < 0
Now, combining intervals and domain:
x < 0 or 0 < x < 3 or x ≥ 3
For x = 0
|x−3|−x −(x−3)−x
< 2 < 2
x x

Now, subtracting 2 from both the sides

−(x−3)−x
− 2 < 2 − 2
x
−x+3−x−2x
< 2 − 2
x
3−4x
< 0
x

Signs of 3 - 4x:
3
3 - 4x = 0 → x = 4

(Subtracting 3 from both the sides and then dividing both sides by -1)
3
3 - 4x > 0 → x < 4

(Subtracting 3 from both the sides and then multiplying both sides by -1)
3
3 - 4x < 0 → x > 4

(Subtracting 3 from both the sides and then multiplying both sides by -1)
Signs of x:
x=0
x<0
x>0
Intervals satisfying the required condition: < 0
3
x < 0 or x > 4

Combining the intervals:

3
x < 0 or x > 4
and x < 0
Merging the overlapping intervals:
x<0
Similarly, for 0 < x < 3
x < 0 or X > and 0 < x < 3
3

Merging the overlapping intervals:

<x<3
3

For, x ≥ 3
|x−3|−x (x−3)−x
< 2 → < 2
x x

7 / 13
 Now, subtracting 2 from both the sides
(x−3)−x
− 2 < 2 − 2
x
x−3−x−2x
< 2 − 2
x
−3−2x
< 0
x

Signs of -3 - 2x:
−3
-3 - 2x = 0 → x = 2

(Adding 3 to both the sides and then dividing both sides by -2)
-3 - 2x > 0 → x < −3

(Adding 3 to both the sides and then multiplying both sides by -1)
−3
-3 - 2x < 0 → x > 2

(Adding 3 to both the sides and then multiplying both sides by -1)
Signs of x:
x=0
x<0
x>0
Intervals satisfying the required condition: < 0
−3
x < or x > 0
2

Combining the intervals:

−3
x <
2
or x > 0 and x ≥ 3
Merging the overlapping intervals:
x≥3
Combining all the intervals:
3
x < 0 or < x < 3 or x ≥ 3
4

Merging overlapping intervals:

3
x < 0 and x > 4

Therefore,
3
x ∈ (−∞, 0) ∪ ( , ∞)
4

27. Here 3(2 − x) ⩾ 2(1 − x)

⇒ 6 − 3x ⩾ 2 − 2x

⇒ −3x + 2x ⩾ 2 − 6

⇒ −x ⩽ −4

Dividing both sides by -1, we have

−x −4
< ⇒ x ⩽ 4
−1 −1

Thus the solution set is (−∞, 4].

28. i. Total girls (G) = 5
Total boys (B) = 7
GBGBGBGBGBGBGBG
Hence possible place of (G) girls = 8
∴ The total number of ways that 5 girls occupy 8

Place = 8P5 = 8!
= 6720
3!

∴ Total number of ways no two girls sit together

= 8P5 × 7!
ii. There are total 12 girls and boys, so we can arrange them in 12! ways
5 girls can be arranged in 5! ways
But when all the girls sit together then, we treat then as single place. So we have 8 place including (7 boys + 1 place for all 5
girls), which can be arranged in 8! ways.
8!(12 ⋅ 11 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 9 - 5!)
8!(11880 - 120)
8! × 11760
= 11760 × 8!
Hence, total required ways = 12! - 8!5!

8 / 13
29. Total letters of the word MISSISSIPPI = 11
Here M =1, I = 4, S = 4 and P = 2
11!
∴ Number of permutations = 4!4!2!

= 11×10×9×8×7×6×5×4!

4!×4×3×2×1×2×1
= 34650
When the four I's come together then it becomes one letter so total number of letters in the word when all I's come together = 8
∴ Number of Permutations = = 840
8! 8×7×6×5×4!
=
4!2! 4!×2×1

Number of permutations when four I's do not come together = 34650 - 840 = 33810
30. Given the word SURITI.
Arranging the permutations of the letters of the word SURITI in a dictionary:
To find: Rank of word SURITI in dictionary.
First comes, words starting with letter I = 5! = 120
5!
words starting from letter R = 2!
= 60
words starting from SI = 4! = 24 (4 letters no repetation)
words starting from SR = = 12 (4 letters, one repetation of I)
4!

2!

words starting from ST = 4!

= 12 (4 letters, one repetation of I)
2!

words starting from SUI = 3! = 6 (3 letters no repetation)

words starting from SUR; SURIIT = 1
SURITI = 1
Rank of the word SURITI = 120 + 60 + 24 + 12 + 12 + 6 + 1 + 1
= 236
31. We have, 5. 4Pr = 6 . (5Pr - 1)
4! 5!
⇒ 5 ⋅ = 6 ×
(4−r)! [5−(r−1)]!

5⋅4! 6×5×4!
⇒ =
(4−r)! (6−r)!

1 6
⇒ =
(4−r)! (6−r)(5−r)(4−r)!

⇒ (6 - r) (5 - r) = 6
⇒ 30 - 11r + r2 = 6
⇒ r2 - 11r + 24 = 0
⇒ (r - 3) (r - 8) = 0

⇒ r = 3, 8

But r ≠ 8, because in 4Pr, r cannot be greater than 4.

Hence, r = 3
32. We know that,total letters in the word PERMUTATIONS = 12.
Only repeated letter is T; 2 times
Here ,we have P and S are on 1 st and 6 th places P and S are on 2 nd and 7 th places
P and S are on 3 rd and 8 th places P and S are on 4 th and 9 th places and
P and S are on 5 th and 10 th places P and S are on 6 th and 11 th places
P and S are on 7 th and 12 th Places
Now we see that P and S can be put in 7 ways and also P and S can interchange their positions.
Therefore, Number of permutations = 2 × 7 = 14
Now the remaining 10 places can be filled with remaining 10 letters.
10! 10×9×8×7×6×5×4×3×2!
∴ Number of permutations = 2!
=
2!
= 1814400
Therefore,total number of permutations = 14 × 1814400 = 25401600
Section C
33. LHS = 4sinA × sin(60 − A) × sin(60 + A)
o o

o o
= 2sinA[2sin(60 − A)sin(60 + A)]

= 2 sin A [cos {(60o - A) - (60o + A)} - cos {(60o - A) + (60o + A)}]

[∵ 2 sin A × sin B = cos (A - B) - cos (A + B)]
o
= 2sinA[cos(−2A) − cos120 ]

= 2sinA[cos2A − cos120 ]
o
[∵ cos (- θ) = cos θ]

9 / 13
 o
= 2sinA × cos2A − 2sinA × cos120

= [sin (A + 2A) + sin (A - 2A)] - 2 sin A (− 1

2
)

[∵ 2sinA × cosB = sin(A + B) + sin(A − B) and cos 120o = − ] 1

= sin3A + sin(−A) + sinA

= sin3A − sinA + sinA = sin3A = RHS [∵ sin (- θ) = - sin θ]

∴ LHS = RHS
Hence proved.
Now, 4 sin A sin (60o - A) × sin (60o + A) = sin 3A
On putting A = 20o, we get
4 sin 20o × sin (60o - 20o) sin (60o + 20o) = sin 3 × (20o)
4 sin 20o × sin 40o × sin 80o = sin 60o =
√3
⇒
2

o o o √3
⇒ sin20 × sin40 × sin80 =
8

20o × 40o × sin 80o =

√3 √3 √3
⇒ sin sin 2
×
8
×
2

√3
[multiplying both sides by 2
]
= sin 60o]
√3
∴ sin20
o
× sin40
o
× sin60
o
× sin80
o
=
16
3
[∵ 2

34. We have to prove that cos3 2x + 3 cos 2x = 4(cos6 x - sin6 x)

Let us consider RHS = 4(cos6 x - sin6 x)
= 4((cos2x)3 - (sin2x)3)
= 4(cos2x - sin2x)(cos4x + sin4x + cos2x sin2x) ... {∵ a3 - b3 = (a - b) (a2 + b2 + ab)}
= 4 cos 2x(cos4x + sin4x + cos2x sin2x + cos2x sin2x - cos2x sin2x) ... {∵ cos 2x = cos2 x - sin2 x}
= 4 cos 2x(cos4x + sin4x + 2cos2x sin2x - cos2x sin2x)
= 4 cos 2x{(cos2x)2 + (sin2x)2 + 2 cos2x sin2x - cos2x sin2x)} ... {∵ a2 + b2 + 2ab = (a + b)2}
= 4 cos 2x{(cos2x + sin2x)2 - cos2x sin2x)} ... {∵ cos2 x + sin2 x = 1}
= 4 cos 2x{(1)2 - 1

4
(4 cos2x sin2x)}
= 4 cos 2x{(1)2 - (2 cosx sinx)2} ... {∵ sin 2x= 2 sin x cos x}
1

= 4 cos 2x{(1)2 - 1

4
(2 sin2x)2}
= 4 cos 2x(1 - 1

4
sin2 2x) ... {∵ sin2 x = 1 – cos2 x}
= 4 cos 2x(1 - 1

4
(1 - cos2 2x))
= 4 cos 2x(1 - 1

4
+ 1

4
cos2 2x))
cos2 2x))
3
= 4 cos 2x( 4
+ 1

cos3 2x))
3
= 4 ( cos 2x +
4
1

= 3 cos 2x + cos3 2x
RHS = LHS
Hence Proved.
35. We have to find the values of cos , sin x

2
x

2
and sin 2x.
3
It is given that cos x = − 5
and x lies in the IIIrd quadrant
We know,
cos 2x = 2 cos2 x - 1
cos x = 2 cos2 - 1 x

cos2 x
3 3
−
5
=2 2
- 1 ... [∵ cos x = − ] 5

cos2 x
3
2 2
=− +1 5

2 cos2 x 2
= 2

cos2
x

2
= 1

5
x
cos 2
=± 1

√5

Since,

10 / 13
 3π 3π
x ∈ (π, 2
) ⇒
x

2
∈(
π

2
,
4
)

cos x

2
will be negative in 3rd quadrant
So,
cos x = − 1

√5

We know,
cos 2x = 1 - 2 sin2 x
cos x = 1 - 2 sin2 x

2
... [∵ cos x = − ] 3

−
3

5
=1-2 sin2 x 2

2 sin2 x 2
= 3

5
+1
2 sin2 x 2
= 8

sin2 x

2
= 4

sin x

2
=± 2

√5

Since,
x ∈ (π, 3π

2
) ⇒
x

2
∈(
π

2
,
3π

4
)

sin x

2
will be positive in 2nd quadrant
So,
sin = x

2
2

√5

We know,
sin2 x + cos2 x = 1
sin2 x = 1 - cos2 x
2

sin2 x = 1 - (− 3

5
) ... [∵ cos x = − ] 3

sin2x =1- 25
9

sin2x
25−9
= 25

sin2x = 16

25

sin x = ± 4

Since,
x ∈ (π, 3π

2
)

sinx will be negative in 3rd quadrant

So,
sin x = − 4

Now,
sin 2x = 2(sin x)(cos x) ... [∵ cos x = − 3

5
and sin x = − ] 4

sin 2x = 2 × − 4

5
× −
3

sin 2x = 24

25

Hence, values of cos , sin , sin 2x are − x

2
x

2
1
, 2
and 24

25
√5 √5

13
(1+i)
36. We have, z = 7
(1−i)

13 7

[multiplying numerator and denominator by (1 + i)7]

(1+i) (1+i)
∴ z= 7
×
7
(1−i) (1+i)

20 20
(1+i) (1+i)
= =
2 7 7
(1− i ) (1+1)

20
(1+i) 1 20
= = (1 + i )
7 7
2 2

1 10
2
= [(1 + i ) ]
7
2

1 10
2
= [1 + 2i + i ]
7
2
10
1 (2)
10 10
= [2i ] = (i )
7 7
2 2

= (2)3 (i2)5 = 8 (- 1)5

11 / 13
 ∴ z=-8
Let z = r (cosθ + i sinθ)
⇒ - 8 = r (cosθ + i sinθ)

On equating real and imaginary parts, we get

- 8 = r cosθ ...(i)
and 0 = r sinθ ...(ii)
On squaring and adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
r2 (cos2θ + sin2θ) = 64
⇒ r2 = 64
⇒ r = 8

∴ |z| = r = 8

On putting the value of r in Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get

cosθ = - 1
and sinθ = 0
Since, sin θ is zero and cos θ is negative.
So, z lies on negative X-axis, and θ = π
∴ z = 8 (cosπ + i sinπ )

Hence, modulus = r = 8 and argument = θ = π .

− −− −−−
37. Let z = a + ib, then |z| = √a + b 2 2

If |z| = 1 ⇒ |z|2 = 1 ⇒ a2 + b2 = 1
z−1 a+ib−1 (a−1+ib) (a+1−ib)
Now, ( z+1
) = (
a+ib+1
) = (a+1+ib)
×
(a+1−ib)
[multiplying numerator and denominator by {(a + 1) - ib}]

[ ∵ (x + y) (x - y) = x2 - y2]
[(a−1)+ib][(a+1)−ib]
= 2 2 2
(a+1) − i b

2 2
( a + b −1)+2bi

= 2 2
(a+1) + b

[using, a2 + b2 = 1]
(1−1)+2bi
= 2 2
a +1+2a+ b

[using, a2 + b2 = 1]
0+2bi
= =
2bi

2+2a
2 2
( a + b )+1+2a

bi
=0+ 1+a

z−1 z−1
∴ Real part of ( z+1
) is zero and imaginary part of ( z+1
) is b

1+a

z−1
∴ (
z+1
) =
ib

1+a
is purely imaginary.
Again, when z = 1, then a + ib = 1 + 0i
So, in this case, a = 1, b = 0
z−1 a+ib−1 1+0i−1
∴ (
z+1
) =
a+ib+1
=
1+0i+1
= 0, which is purely real.
38. We have, 4x

3
−
9

4
<x+ 3

4
... (i)
7x−1 7x+2
and 3
−
6
> x ... (ii)
From inequality (i), we get
16x−27 4x+3
4x

3
−
9

4
<x+ 3

4
⇒
12
< 4

⇒ 16x - 27 < 12x + 9 [multiplying both sides by 12]

⇒ 16x - 27 + 27 < 12x + 9 + 27 [adding 27 on both sides]

⇒ 16x < 12x +36

⇒ 16x - 12x < 12x + 36 - 12x [ subtracting 12x from bot sides]
⇒ 4x < 36 ⇒ x < 9 [dividing both sides by 4]

Thus, any value of x less than 9 satisfies the inequality. So, the solution of inequality (i) is given by x ∈ (−∞, 9)

From inequality (ii) we get,

7x−1 7x+2 14x−2−7x−2

3
- 6
>x⇒ 6
>x
⇒ 7x - 4 > 6x [multiplying by 6 on both sides]
⇒ 7x - 4 + 4 > 6x + 4 [adding 4 on both sides]

⇒ 7x > 6x + 4

12 / 13
 ⇒ 7x - 6x > 6x + 4 - 6x [subtracting 6x from both sides]
∴ x>4
Thus, any value of x greater than 4 satisfies the inequality.
So, the solution set is x ∈ (4, ∞)

The solution set of inequalities (i) and (ii) are represented graphically on number line as given below:

Clearly, the common value of x lie between 4 and 9.

Hence, the solution of the given system is, 4 < x < 9 i.e., x ∈ (4, 9)
39. i. The given word AGAIN consists of 5 letters, out of which there are 2 A's and the rest are all distinct.
Hence, the number of words formed by using all the letters of the given word = = 60. 5!

2!

ii. When the letters of the word AGAIN are listed in a dictionary, the first word would be AAGIN.
Starting with A and arranging the remaining 4 letters A, G, I, N, we obtain 4! words, i.e., 24 words.
The 25th word would be GAAIN, which starts with G.
Now, starting with G arrange the remaining 4 letters AAIN, (in which A occurs 2 times and the rest are different) in all
possible ways.
Number of such arrangements = 4!

2!
= 12.
Thus, we obtain 12 new words.
The 37th word would be IAAGN, which starts with I.
Now, starting with I and arranging the remaining 4 letters, 4 1 AAGN, we get 4!
= 12 words.
2!

The 49th word would be NAAGI and hence the 50th word is NAAIG
40. There are 9 women and 8 men in all. In order to form a committee
consisting of at least 5 women, we may choose
i. 5 women and 7 men
ii. 6 women and 6 men
iii. 7 women and 5 men
iv. 8 women and 4 men
v. 9 women and 3 men.
Hence, the total number of ways of forming the committee
9 8 9 8 9 8 9 8 9 8
= ( C5 × C7 ) + ( C6 × C6 ) + ( C7 × C5 ) + ( C8 × C4 ) + ( C9 × C3 )

9 8 9 8 9 8 9 8 8
= ( C4 × C1 ) + ( C3 × C2 ) + ( C2 × C3 ) + ( C1 × C4 ) + (1 × C3 )

9×8×7×6 9×8×7 8×7 9×8 8×7×6 8×7×6×5 8×7×6

= {
4×3×2×1
× 8} + {
3×2×1
×
2×1
} + {
2×1
×
3×2×1
} +{9 × 4×3×2×1
} + (1 ×
3×2×1
)

= (1008 + 2352 + 2016 + 630 + 56) = 6062

Clearly, the women are in majority in (iii), (iv) and (v) cases. So, the number of committees in which the women are in majority
9 8 9 8 9 8
= ( C7 × C5 ) + ( C8 × C4 ) + ( C9 × C3 )

9 8 9 8 8
= ( C2 × C3 ) + ( C1 × C4 ) + (1 + C3 )

= (2016+ 630+ 56) = 2702

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