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The document provides an overview of number bases, including binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal systems, detailing their digits and conversion methods. It includes examples of converting numbers between these bases and basic arithmetic operations. Additionally, it contains class activities and assignments for practice.

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3 views16 pages

week6e-notecomputersss3overviewofnumberbasesone

The document provides an overview of number bases, including binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal systems, detailing their digits and conversion methods. It includes examples of converting numbers between these bases and basic arithmetic operations. Additionally, it contains class activities and assignments for practice.

Uploaded by

jibakin4life
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WEEK 6 & 7

OVERVIEW OF NUMBER BASES


CONTENTS:
1. Review of number bases
(i) Binary
(ii) Octal
(iii) Decimal
(i) Hexadecimal
2. List digits in the number bases.
(i) Binary
(ii) Octal
(iii) Decimal
(i) Hexadecimal
3. Conversion in number base (Convert from one number base to
another).

4. Basic arithmetic in number bases


(i) Addition
(ii) Subtraction

WEEK 6 & 7
OVERVIEW OF NUMBER
BASES
REVISION OF J.S.S. 2
WORK
What is Number System?
Number Bases or Number Systems are different ways of writing and
using the same number.

Number system discuses the way in which digital computers handle


numerical values or numbers in general

Types of Number System


Number System comprises of the following:

1. Binary Number System


2. Octal Number System
3. Decimal Number System
4. Hexadecimal Number System

1. Binary Number System or Bicimal Number System or base 2


2. Octal Number System or base 8
3. Decimal Number System or Denary Number System or base 10
4. Hexadecimal Number System or base 16

1. Binary Number System:


It is a number system in base 2.

It consists of digits Os and 1s, for example 11002, 11111012, 1001102


etc.

It is also referred to as Bicimal Number system.

2. Octal Number System:


It is a number system in base 8.

It consists of digits O, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, that is (0-7), for example


3428, 76468, 21078 etc.

It is also referred to as Octadecimal Number system.

3. Decimal Number System:


It is a number system in base 10.

It consists of digits O, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, that is (0-9), for


example 89710, 764610, 9210710 etc.

It is also referred to as Denary Number system.

4. Hexadecimal Number System:


It is a number system in base 16.
Hexa = 6 and Decimal = 10, 6 + 10 = 16.

It consists of digits O, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E and F,


that is (0-9) and (A-F).

For example AD416, 76D4616, EFCC16 etc

Where: A = 10

B = 11
C = 12

D = 13

E = 14

F = 15

DIGITS IN NUMBER BASES

BASES NAME DIGITS NO OF

DIGITS

2 Binary or 0,1 2

Bicimal

8 Octal 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 8

10 Decimal or 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 10

Denary

12 Duo-Decimal 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B 12

16 Hexadecimal 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C 16

,D,E,F
RESEARCH?

Why is BINARY SYSTEM a

preferred choice in

computing?
REVISION OF J.S.S. 2
WORK
OVERVIEW OF NUMBER SYSTEM

NUMBER BASE CONVERSION

CONVERSION FROM ONE


NUMBER SYSTEM TO
ANOTHER
1. Converting Decimal Numbers to Binary
Numbers

Example 1: Convert 1910 to Binary.

SOLUTION:
2 19
2 9 R 1
2 4 R 1
2 2 R 0
2 1 R 0
0 R 1
∴ 1910 = 100112

Example 2:

Convert 5010 to Binary.

SOLUTION:
2 50
2 25 R 0
2 12 R 1
2 6 R 0
2 3 R 0
2 1 R 1
0 R 1

∴ 5010 = 1100102
2. Converting Binary Numbers to Decimal
Numbers

Example 1: Convert 111012 to base


10.
SOLUTION:
111012 = 14 13 12 01 10
= (1 X24) + (1X23) + (1X22) + (0X21) + (1X20)
= (1X16) + (1X8) + (1X4) + (0X2) + (1X1)
= 16 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1
= 29
∴ 111012 = 2910

Example 2: Convert 10102 to decimal.

SOLUTION:
10102 = 13 02 11 00
= (1 X23) + (0X22) + (1X21) + (0X20)
= (1X8) + (0X4) + (1X2) + (0X1)
= 8 + 0 + 2 + 0
= 10
∴ 10102 = 1010
CLASS ACTIVITY AND

ASSIGNMENT

1. Convert 8710 to Binary

2. Convert 5510 to Binary

3. Convert 11102 to decimal

4. Convert 10010112 to decimal

5. Convert BINARY 100111 to DECIMAL.


3. Converting Decimal Numbers to Octal
Numbers
Example 1: Convert 1510 to octal.
SOLUTION:
8 15
8 1 R 7
0 R 1

∴ 1510 = 178

Example 2: Convert 37410 to base 8.

SOLUTION:
8 374
8 46 R 6
8 5 R 6
8 0 R 5

∴ 37410 = 5668

Example 3: Convert 924110 to octal


SOLUTION:
8 9241
8 1155R 1
8 144 R 3
8 18 R 0
8 2 R 2
0 R 2

∴ 924110 = 220318

4. Converting Octal Numbers to Decimal


Numbers

Example 1: Convert 7658 into base 10


SOLUTION:
7658 = 72 61 50
= (7 X82) + (6X81) + (5X80)
= (7X64) + (6X8) + (5X1)
= 448 + 48 + 5
= 501
∴ 7658 = 51010

Example 2: Convert 12358 to decimal.

SOLUTION:
12358 = 13 22 31 50
= (1 X83) + (2X82) + (3X81) + (5X80)
= (1X512) + (2X64) + (3X8) + (5x1)
= 512 + 128 + 24 + 5
= 669
∴ 12358 = 66910

CLASS ACTIVITY AND


ASSIGNMENT

1.Convert 6748 to base 10

2.Convert 13178 to decimal


3.Convert 66610 to Octal

4.Convert 110112 to decimal

5.Convert 41910 to octal

5. Converting Decimal Numbers to


Hexadecimal Numbers
Example 1: Convert 72510 to base 16.

SOLUTION:
16 725
16 45 R 5
16 2 R 13 (D)
0 R 2

∴ 72510 = 2D516

Example 2: Convert 178410 to hexadecimal.

SOLUTION:
16 1784
16 111 R 8
16 6 R 15 (F)
0 R 6

∴ 178410 = 6F816

6. Converting Hexadecimal Numbers to


Decimal Numbers

Example 1: Convert 121816 to base 10.

SOLUTION:
121816 = 13 22 11 80
= (1 X163) + (2X162) + (1X161) + (8X160)
= (1X4096) + (2X256) + (1X16) + (8x1)
= 4096 + 512 + 16 + 8
= 4632
∴ 121816 = 463210

Example 2: Convert 62416 to decimal.

SOLUTION:
62416 = 62 21 40
= (6 X162) + (2X161) + (4X160)
= (6X256) + (2X16) + (4X1)
= 1536 + 32 + 4
= 1572
∴ 62416 = 157210

Example 3: Convert 3AD16 to denary


SOLUTION:
3AD16 = 32 A1 D0 = 32 101 130 (A=10, D=13)
= (3 X162) + (10X161) + (13X160)
= (3X256) + (10X16) + (13X1)
= 768 + 160 + 13
= 941

∴ 3AD16 = 94110

Example 4: Convert FA816 to denary

SOLUTION:
FA816 = F2 A1 80 = 152 101 80 (F=15, A=10)
= (15 X162) + (10X161) 0
+ (8X16 )
= (15X256) + (10X16) + (8X1)
= 3840 + 160 + 8
= 4008
∴ FA816 = 400810
CLASS ACTIVITY 3 AND ASSIGNMENT
1. Convert 13210 to hexadecimal
2. Convert 5810 to binary
3. Convert 1100112 to octal
4. Convert FCE to decimal
5. Convert EFCC16 to decimal

CLASS ACTIVITY / EXERCISE


Use the table below to derive the binary, octal and hexadecimal equivalents
of the decimal numbers:
S/N DECIMAL BINARY OCTAL HEXADECIMA
L
A 312
B 114
C 97
D 53
E 453

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