WORK, ENERGY AND POWER – ADV – 1 a) Zero b) 2gH c) 6gH d) 4gH

key : D
1. A body of small mass ‘m’ is projected from surface sol : The velocity at O be such that it should reach
of earth with a speed V = gR as shown. (g = the height 3H. From there, it will come down to
height H. Hence, velocity at P is
acceleration due to gravity on the surface)
v2 = 2g.2H Þ v = 4gh

6. The potential energy U for a force field F is such that
C• •m V
R U = - kxy, where k is a constant
a) F = kyiˆ + kxjˆ b) F = kxiˆ + kyjˆ

(A) The maximum height attained by it is R c) The force F is a conservative force

mgR d) The force F is a non-conservative force
(B) The total energy of the body is − key : AC
2
(C) The path followed by it is an ellipse sol : U = − kxy
(D) If the mass of the body made to half, the −u ˆ u ˆ
maximum height attained value increases F= i +− j = kyiˆ + kxjˆ
Key : AB x y
Sol : k = u Conservation force
7. The block of mass m is attached to a trolley by the
1 mghR
mv 2 = spring of stiffness k and moves horizontally with
2 R+h
negligible friction within the trolley and the block
 h=R are initially at rest with the spring at natural length.
 If the trolley is given a constant acceleration a 0 as
1 GMm mgR mgR
T .E = mv 2 − = − mgR = − shown in the figure what would be the maximum
2 R 2 2
compression in the spring during the motion?
The path followed by it is straight line
 The maximum height raise independent on mass
of projected particle a0
m
2.
3. Two blocks A (5kg) and B(2kg) attached to the ends ma 0 2ma 0 ma 0
a) b) c)
of a spring of stiffness constant 1120N/m are placed k k 2k
on a smooth horizontal plane with the spring being key : B
initially un-deformed. At time t= 0, velocities of 3 sol : For work – energy theorem on the frame of the
m/s and 10m/s along the line of the spring in the trolley
same direction are simultaneously imparted to A and
B respectively as shown. Then, 1 2 2ma 0
- kx + ma 0 x = 0 Þ x =
3m/s
k=1120N/m
10m/s
2 k
A 5kg 2kg B 8. A particle is moving anticlockwise in a circle under
influence of a force
a) when the extension of the spring is maximum the
velocities of A and B are zero. F = éê( 2 x - y + 3z) iˆ +( x + y - z) ˆj +( 5x - 2 y - z) kˆ ùú N .
ë û
b) the maximum extension of the spring is 25 cm Where x, y and z are in meter. The circle lies in the
c) the first maximum compression occurs at xy plane with its centre at the origin and has a
t = 3 /56 sec radius of 4 m. The work done by the force as the
d) maximum extension and maximum compression particle completes one revolution in hectajoule is
occur alternately. (up to nearest integer)
key :1
Key :BCD sol : as object is moving in x-y plane with center at
Sol : origin
Z=0
5. On a smooth curved track shown in the diagram, a
small particle is projected from the point O such that F = ( 2 x − y + 3z ) iˆ + ( x + y − z ) ˆj + ( 5x − 2 y − z ) kˆ 
it just manages to reach the point P. Assume that
particle always remains in contact with track. The F = ( 2 x − y ) iˆ + ( x + y ) ˆj + ( 5x − 2 y ) kˆ 
velocity of the particle on reaching the point P will  
be equal to y = R sin   dy = R cos  d
x = R cosq Þ dx = - R sinq dq
ds = dxiˆ + dyjˆ
= − R sin  d iˆ + R cos  d ˆj
  d = F.dS 1 mM ( M + 2m ) v0
2
1 m2 M
A) − B) v2
( M + m) (m + M )
 ( 2x − y )( − yd ) +  ( x + y )xd
2 2 0
2 2

 ( y − 2 xy ) d +  ( x + xy )d 1 mM ( M − 2m ) 2
2 2
1 m2 M 2
C) − v0 D) − v0
2 M +m 2 ( M + m )2
 2 2

= R 2   ( sin 2  − 2sin  cos ) d +  ( cos2  + sin  − cos ) d 
0 0 

= R2 ( 2 ) = 32 100 joule Key : A

9. One of the forces acting on a particle is Sol : The work done by friction on the block is equal
conservative, then to its change in kinetic energy , i.e.,
A) The work done by it is zero when the particle 1 1
moves exactly in one round in any closed path W1 = K f − K i = mV 2 − mv02
2 2
B) The work done by it is equal to change in
kinetic energy of particle 1 mM ( M + 2m ) v0
2
C) It obeys newton’s second law =−
( M + m)
2
D) Its work depends as the end points of the path 2
followed but not as the path followed
Key : ACD
Sol : Work done by the conservative force is 12. Work done by friction on the plank during the period
it slides on the plank is
independent of the path. Hence A, C, D
1 mM ( M + 2m ) v0
2
1 m2 M
10. A small block of mass ‘m’ is lying at rest at point P A) − B) v02
of a wedge having a smooth semi circular track of 2 ( M + m) 2
2 ( M + m )2
radius R . The minimum value of horizontal
1 mM ( M + 2m ) v0
2
acceleration ao of wedge so that mass can just reach 1 mM 2
C) − v0 D)
2 M +m ( M + m)
2
2
the point Q?
Key : B

Q Sol : The work done by friction on the plank is given

by
1
m W2 = K f − K i = MV 2 − 0
2
P
ao 2
1  mv0  1 m2 M 2
W2 = M  = v0
2  m+M  2 (m + M )
A) g/2 B) g C) g D) 4 g 13. Net work done by friction is
Key : C
1 mM ( M + 2m ) v0
2
1 m2 M
Sol : Pseudo force ma0 will act towards right A) − B) v02
2 ( M + m)2 2 ( M + m )2
W pseudo + Wgravity = 0  maR − mgR = 0 
1 mM ( M + 2m ) v0
2
a=g 1 mM 2
C) − v0 D)
2 M +m ( M + m)
2
2
Passage
A plank of mass M and length L is placed at rest on Key : C
a smooth horizontal surface. A small block of mass
Sol : The net work done by friction is
‘m’ is projected with a velocity vo from the left end 1 mM 2
of it as shown in fig. The coefficient of friction W = W1 = W2 = − v0
between the block and the plank is such that the 2 M +m
block becomes stationary with respect to the plank 15. Power supplied to a particle of mass 2kg varies with
before it reaches the other end.  3t 2 
times ‘t’ in seconds as P=  watt. If velocity
m  2 
vo of particle at t= 0 is v = 0. The velocity of particle at
Smooth time t = 2s will be
A) 1 m/s B) 4 m/s C) 2 m/s D) 2 2 m/s
11. Work done by the friction force on the block during Key : C
the period it slides on the plank is Sol : From work energy theorem
 KE = Wnet or K f − K i =  P dt or v0 m = 0.25 kg

1 2 2 3 
mv =   t 2  dt (m = 2 kg)
2 0
2 
2 0.75 kg M
t3 
Or v = 
2
or v = 2m/s A) cos ( 0.4 )
−1
B) cos−1 ( 0.6)
 2 0 C) tan −1 ( 0.4 ) D) tan −1 ( 0.6)
16. A particle which is constrained to move along x-axis Key : B
is subjected to a force in same direction which varies Sol : When string makes maximum angle with
with distance x of the particle from the origin as vertical . Both masses M and m move with same
velocity horizontally
F ( x) = −kx + ax3 . Here k and a are positive
constant. For x  0 the functional form of the
potential energy U(X) of the particle is
U(x) U(x)

A
B)
)
x x

U(x) U(x) 18. A section of fixed smooth circular track of radius 1

meter in vertical is shown in the figure. A block is
D released from position A and leaves the track at B.
C)
) The radius of the curvature of its trajectory when it
x x just leaves the track at B is:
O
1m
Key :D
53 37
Sol :
A B
O
or
1 1 1
A) 1 m B) m C) m D) m
4 2 8
Key : C
Sol : On applying energy conservation from A to B
at and

negative for
From the given function we can see that at
i.e., slope graph is zero at Therefore, Radical acceleration just after the block leave the
the most appropriate option is (D). point B is
17. A ring of mass m = 0.25 kg free to slide on a fixed
smooth horizontal rod is attached to a particle of mass
M = 0.75 kg by a string of length 1 m . Initially both
M and m are at rest and the string is vertical. A
horizontal velocity v0 = 5.6 m / s is imparted to
the ring. The maximum angle that the string will
make with the vertical subsequently is

19. As shown in the figure a person is pulling a mass 2kg

from ground on fixed rough surface upto the top of
surface with the help of a light inextensible string.
 Find the work done in joule by tension in the string if 22. The components of a force acting on a particle are
height of the surface is 1m from ground, length of varying according to the graphs shown. When the
base of the surface is 2.5m and friction coefficient is particles moves from (0, 5, 12) to (4, 20, 0).Then the
0.4. Assume that the block is pulled with negligible work done by this force is:
velocity Fx ( in N ) Fy ( in N ) FZ ( in N )

370
20
10
12
15 z ( in m )
y ( in m )
X ( in m )
16
A) 200/3 J B) 400/3 J
Key : 40J C) 0 D) 192 J
Key : D
Sol : Sol : From the graph

Work Energy theorem

23. A particle of mass m is moving with speed u. It is

stopped by a force F in distance x. If the stopping
force is 4 F then:
A) work done by stopping force in second case will
be same as that in first case
B) work done by stopping force in second case will
20. By applying a force F = (3xy − 5z) ˆj − 4 zk a be 2 times of that in first case
C) work done by stopping force in second case will
particle is moved along the path y = x from point
2
be 1/2 of that in first case.
(0,0,0) to the point (2,4,0). The work done by the F D)work done by stopping force in second case will
on the particle is
be 1/4 of that in first case
Key : A
Sol : According to work energy theory

Since is constant so, work done is constant

24. A rod is fixed between a vertical wall and a horizontal
280 140 232 192 surface. A smooth ring of mass 1 kg is released from
A) B) C) D) rest which can move along the rod as shown. At the
5 5 5 5 release point spring is vertical and relaxed. The
Key : D natural ( g = 10m / s 2 ) length of the spring is
Sol : The z-component of the force and the x-
component of displacement are ineffective here ( 3 + 1)m Rod makes an angle of 30 with the
horizontal. Ring again comes to rest when spring
0
makes an angle of 30 with the vertical.

Integrating between x = 0 and x = 2 gives the result

21. The net power of all the forces acting on a particle (P)
versus time curve is shown. Work done upon the
particle from A to B

5
( 3 + 1) N / m
A) Force constant of the spring is
2
2
B) Maximum displacement of ring is m
3 −1
C) Maximum extension in the spring is ( 3 − 1)m
A) Increases
D) Normal reaction on ring due to rod when it again
B) Decreases
C) First increases then decreases 5
comes to rest is ( 3 − 1) N
D) First decreases then 2
increases Key : ACD
Key : A
Sol : Area under graph increases
 Sol : Hence AB = 2l0 cos300 = 3 l0 so extension in A)the minimum value of coefficient of friction
between the mass 4m and the surface of the
spring  x = ( )
3 − 1 l0 = 2m x
m
displacement of table is 0.50
B)the work done by gravitational force in the block m
spring = Bc = l0 = ( 3 +1 ) is positive when it moves from A to B
C)the power delivered by the tension when m moves
from A to B is zero
A D)The kinetic energy of m in position B equals the
work done by gravitational force on the block when
l0 300 kx its moves from position A to B.
Key : ABCD
c Sol :
y 300
B
x
300

1
Form energy conservation mgy = k x2 27. The drawing shows a skateboarder moving at 7.0m/s
2
along a horizontal section of a track that is slanted
110  ( ) 12 = 12 k (2)
3 +1
2
upward by 450 above the horizontal at its end, which
is 0.45 m above the ground. When the leaves the
k=
5
2
( 3 +1 ) Nm track, she follows the characteristic path of projectile
motion. Ignoring friction and air resistance, find the
N = k x sin 300 − mg cos300 =
5
2
( )
3 −1 N
maximum height H (in m) to which she rises above
the end of the track
25. A body of mass 1kg is suspended from an
inextensible string of length 1 m. When the string
makes an angle 60o with vertical, speed of the bob is
4 m/s.
A)Net acceleration of the bob at the instant is Key : 1
2
10m / s
B)Net acceleration of the bob at the instant is
Sol :
18.2m / s 2
C)The bob will rise to a maximum height with respect
to bottom most point < 1.3m
D) The bob will rise to a maximum height with 28. A man slowly pulls a bucket of water from a well of
respect to bottom most point > 1.3m depth h=20m. The mass of the uniform rope and
(will be less than 1.3m as it will leave the circular bucket full of water are m=200 gm and M=19.9 kg,
frame before coming to rest it will be a projectile respectively. Find the work done (in kJ) by the man.
motion so it can reach 1.3) Key : 4
Key : BC
Sol : at = g sin 60o = 5 m/s2 Sol :
29. A wooden block of mass 0.9kg is suspended from the
ceiling of a room by thin wires. A bullet of mass 0.1kg
−1
Height from bottom at 60o : h1 = R(1-cos60o)=R/2 = 0.5m moving horizontally with a speed of 10ms strikes
the block and sticks to it. What is the height to which
Further height raised, ,
Now since h1 + h2 = 1.3m > R the block rises in .. cm (Take g = 10 ms −2 )
The bob will rise to = 90o, Key : 5
So, leaves circular motion before 1.3 & because Sol :
projectile motion
26. In the system shown in the figure the mass m moves and
30. If the acceleration of 3 kg block is 4 m/s 2 to the left.
in a circular arc of angular amplitude . Mass 4m What is the magnitude of acceleration of 8 kg block.
is stationary. Then: at A the block m is at rest to
release and length of hanging part is l.
Key : 4

Sol :
31. Two bodies of masses m and 2 m respectively are Key : 10cm
moving with equal kinetic energies. They are Sol : Let xA and xB the positions of ends A and B at
subjected to the same retarding force. If x1 and x2 are time t from the block, then stretched length of the spring will
the respective distances moved by them before be
stopping, then x1/x2 is
Key : 1
and so the stretch
Sol :
natural
32. A rat of mass m falls from a height h onto the end of length of the spring)
a platform, as shown in the figure. The spring is
initially unstretched and the mass of the platform can
be neglected. Assuming that there is no loss of So,
energy the maximum elongation of the spring is
(The plat form can rotate about the hinge
shown)(x>>h)

A mg + m 2 g 2 + 2mghk mg − m 2 g 2 + 2mghk
B)
) k 2k 35. person lifts a 25 kg block hanging over a fixed light
k D m 2 g 2 + 2mghk frictionless small pulley by walking horizontally, as
C)
m 2 g 2 + 2mghk ) k shown in figure. As the person walks 2 metres, the
Key : A angle of the rope to the horizontal changes from 600
Sol : Let y be the elongation produced in to 300. If the block rises at constant speed, the work
string done by rope on the person as the person moves by
2 metres is : [Consider the rope to be light and
inextensible] (Take g = 10 m/s2)

30° 60°

2m

A) 500( 3 − 1)J B) 500(1 − 3)J

33. A simple pendulum having a bob of mass m is
suspended from the ceiling of a car used in a stunt
C) 500 ( 3) J D) 500 ( 3 +1 J)
film shooting. The car moves up along an inclined Key : A
cliff at a speed v and makes a jump to leave the cliff Sol : Work done by the rope = of block
and lands at some distance. Let R be the maximum
height of the car from the top of the cliff. The tension
in the string when the car is in air is
A m B mv 2 C mv 2 D zer
mg − mg +
) g ) R ) R ) o
Key : D

Sol : Acceleration of car is g so

34. A block lying on a smooth surface with spring
connected to it is pulled by an external force as
shown. The velocity of ends A and B of the spring
are 4 m/s and 2 m/s respectively. If the energy of the
spring is increasing at the rate of 20 J/sec, then the
stretch in the spring is
36. A friction less circular track of radius 10m is to be force on the man due to water is 1000 N. If depth of
designed for cars the angle of banking of the track is d
the average speed is 6  n kmph . Find n? water in the pool is d, find
10
 g = 10m / s 2  ( g =10m / s ) 2

Key : 6 Key : 4

Passage :
Sol : Two blocks A and B of mass m and 2 m respectively
are connected together by a light spring of stiffness
K. The system is lying on a smooth horizontal
surface with the block A in contact with a fixed
vertical wall as shown in the figure. The block B is
pressed towards the wall by a distance x0 and then
37. A 1 kg block situated a rough inclined plane is released. There is no friction anywhere.
−1
connected to a spring of spring constant 100 Nm
as shown. The block is released from rest with the m 2m
spring in the unstretched position. The block moves A B
10cm down the incline before coming torest. The
coefficient of friction between the block and the 40. If spring takes time t to acquire its natural length,
then average force on the block A by the wall is
incline is given by X / 16 . Find the value of X.
(Assume that the spring has negligible mass and the
2mKx0
pulley is frictionless. Take g = 10 ms −2 ) A) 0 B)
t
mK x0 Km x0
C) 3 D)
2 t 3 t
Key : B

Key : 2
Sol :
Sol : As the block moves
down the incline by x
before coming to rest.
Then from work energy 41. The maximum speed acquired by the block A is
theorem. 2 K 4 K
A) x0 B) x0
3 2m 3 2m
K 1 K
C) x0 D) x0
mg x sin37 2m 3 2m
= mgx cos37 +1/2 kx2
solving we get = 1/8
x=2 Key : B
38. A car travelling on a smooth road passes through a
curved portion of the road in the form of an arc of
Sol :
circle of radius 10 m. If the mass of car is 120 kg,
Maximum speed of A
find the reaction (in kN) on car at lowest point P
−1
where its speed is 20ms .

42 If natural length of the spring is l, then maximum

separation between the blocks is
x0
Key : 6
A) + B) − x0
3
x
C) − 0 D) + x0
Sol : 3
39. A man of mass 50 kg falls freely from a height of 40 Key : A
m into a swimming pool and just come to rest at the
bottom of the pool. Assume that the average upward
 N  mg cos  . Therefore W f on the block
Sol :   mgl .
x Work done by friction on the surface is zero as the
= mv 2  x = 0 . point of application of friction on the surface is at
3 rest.
Passage :
A block of mass m = 1kg is released from point A 49. A fixed smooth inclined plane ends into a vertical
along a smooth track as shown. Part AB is circular loop of radius r as shown in figure. If a particle of
with radius r1 = 4m and circular at C with radius mass m is released from topmost point. The point C
on the track as shown in the figure and centre of
r2 . Height of point A is h1 = 2m and of c is
circular track are at same horizontal level. If the
h2 = 1m . ( g = 10m / s ) . normal force at point C is ‘kmg’, find k.
2

43. The force exerted by block on the track at B is

Key : 8
Key : 20N 2
1 2 mvC
Sol: At ' C ' , 4mgr = mvC OR = 8mg = N
2 r
Sol :  k =8
44. The minimum safe value of r2 so that the block does 50. A block of mass m is stationary with respect to
not fly off the track at C is wedge of mass M moving with uniform speed v on
Key : 2m horizontal surface. Find the work done by friction
Sol: At C force on the block in t second.

mgvt
A) Zero B) − sin 2
2
45. The work done by gravitational force from A to C is
A)10 J B)20 J C)30 J D)40 J mgvt mgvt 2
C) − D) − sin 
Key : A 2 2
Key : B
Sol :
Sol : Friction on the block is up the incline
48. A block of mass m slides down on a rough surface
starting from rest at A and stopping at B. Vertical w = − fs cos  = −(mg sin  )(t )cos 
and horizontal displacements of the block are h and mgt
l respectively. Let  be the coefficient of friction =− sin 2
2
between the block and the surface. Choose the
correct statements(s)
•A
h

B • l
A) Loss in mechanical energy of the block is mgh
B) Net work done by friction is – mgh
C) Magnitude of work done by friction on the
block is  mgl
D) Magnitude of work done by friction on the
surface is less than mgh.
Key : ABD
Sol :  f = − mgh . But  f = −  mgl only if
N = mg cos  at every point on the surface. As
particle has centripetal acceleration,