LUGULU GIRLS’ SCHOOL

SCHOOL.
CALCULUS, LOCI, VECTORS, EQUATIONS.
1. Using a ruler and a pair of compasses only:

a) Construct a parallelogram KLMN in which KL = 5.6cm, QR = 4.5cm and angle NKL = 60º.

Determine the perpendicular distance between KL and NM.

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2. A line perpendicular to y = 3 – 4x passes through the point (-8, 3). Find the equation by the line in the form
y = mx + c.

3. In the figure below, PQRS is a trapezium. Line PT and QS intersect at X and line QP is parallel to RS.
QT = a,QP = b,QR = 3QT,RS = 2QP,QX = tQS, and PX = kPTwherek and t are constants.
Q P

T X

R S
a) Find in terms of aandb:
(i) PT

(ii) PX

(iii) QS

b) Express QX in terms of:

(i)a, b, andt. (ii)a, b andk

(c) Determine the value of k and t.

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(d) Find the ratio PX:XT

4. (a) Using a pair of compasses and a ruler only construct a triangle ABC and such that
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AB= 4cm, BC =6cm and angle ABC=135 .
(b) Construct the height of triangle ABC in (a) above taking AB as the base, hence Calculate the area
of triangle ABC.

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5. The figure below C is a point on AB such that AC: CB=3:1 and D is the mid –point of OA. OC
and BD intersect at X.

Given that OA = a and OB = b

(a) Write the vectors below in terms of a and b.
(i) AB

(ii) OC

(iii) BD

(b) If BX = h BD, express OX in terms of a, b, and h.

(c) If OX = KOC, find h and k.

(d) Hence express OX in terms of a and b only.

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6. A straight line L1 has a gradient 2 and passes through point P (-1, 3). Another line L2 passes
through the points Q (1, -3) and R (4, 5). Find.

(a) The equation of L1.

(b) The gradient of L2.

(c) The equation of L2.

(d) The equation of a line passing through a point S (0, 5) and is perpendicular to L2.

(e) The equation of a line through R parallel to L

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7. (a) a straight line L1 whose equation is 9𝑦 − 6𝑥 = −6 meets the x-axis at Z. Determine the coordinates
of Z.

(b) A second line L2 is perpendicular to L1 at Z. Find the equation of L2 in the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑐, where
,b and c are integers.

(c) a third line L3 passes through the point (2,5) and is parallel to L1. Find:

i) The equation of L3 in the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑐, where a, b and c are integers.

ii) The coordinate of point R at which L2 intersects L3.

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8. In the diagram below, the coordinates of points O, P and Q are (0,0), (2,8) and (12,8) respectively. A is a point
on OQ such that 4OA=3OQ. Line OP produced to R is such as OR=5OP.

a) Find vector RA.

b) Given that point L is on PQ such that PL: LQ=12:5, find vector RL.

c) Show that R, L and A are collinear.

d) Find the ratio of RL:LA.

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9. The line which joins the point A (3, K) and B (-2, 5) is parallel to the line whose equation is 5y+2x-7=0.
Find the value of K. A straight line passing through the points (8,-2) and (4,-4) has its equation in the form
ax + by + c = 0, where a, b and c are integers.
a) Determine the numerical values of a, b and c.

b) If the line in (a) above cuts the x-axis at point P, determine the coordinates of P.

c) Another line, which is perpendicular to the line in (a) above passes through point P and cuts
the y axis at Q. determine the coordinates of point Q. Find the length of QP

10. The line y = 3x + 3 meets the line L1 at the point (2, 9) and at right angles. Find the points at which the
two lines intersect with the x- axis.

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11. Given that p=5a – 2b where a = ( ) and b = ( ), find :
2 1

a) Column vector p.

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b) P΄ the image of p under a translation vector ( )
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c) The position vectors of A, B and C are 3i – 2j, -6i + 4j and -9i – 3j respectively.
State the column vectors.
i. AB

ii. CB

b. Find the distance from A to C.

c. Find the coordinates of the mid point of AC.

a. If point C΄ is the image of C under translation vector

1
( )
−3

b. Find the co-ordinates of C΄.

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12. Complete the table below for the function y= x2– 3x + 6 in the range -2 ≤ x ≤ 8. (2mks)
X -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Y

a. Use the trapezium rule with 10 strips to estimate the area bounded by the curve,
y=x2- 3x + 6, the lines x = -2, x =8 and the x – axis.

b. Use the mid – ordinate rule with 5 strips to estimate the area bounded by the
curve, y = x2 – 3x + 6, the lines x = -2, x = 8 and the x- axis.

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13. The figure below shows the end wall of a building with the axes shown and 1M as the unit of
measurement. The roof line is given by y= a + bx2, where a andb are constants.

a. State the value of a.

b. Calculate the value of b.

14. A ball is thrown upwards and its height after t seconds is 5 meters, where s = 20t – 5t2. Find
i. The greatest height reached and the time when it is reached.

ii. The time when it returns to the original level.

iii. Its velocity after 3 seconds.

iv. Its acceleration during the throw.

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15. Vectors OA = 4i + 3 j , OB = -2i - j and OC = -5i - 3 j . Show that points A, B and C are
collinear.

16. A straight line passes through P(-1,1) and Q(3, 4) .

(a) Find the length of line PQ

(b) Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of line PQ , leaving the equation in the form
y = mx + c Determine the equation of line parallel to line PQ and passes through point (2, 3) ,
leaving your answer in double intercept form. Hence state the y intercept.

17. Determine the equation of line parallel to line PQ and passes through point ( 2, 3) , leaving your answer
in double intercept form. Hence state the y intercep

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18. The equation of the curve is y = x3 - 2x2 - 1 Determine
(i) the stationary points

(ii) the nature of the stationary points in (a) (i) above

(iii) Determine the equation of the tangent to the curve at x = 1

(iv) the equation of the normal to the curve at x = 1

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19. Vector OP = 6i + j and OQ = -2i + 5j. A point N divides PQ internally in the ratio 3:1. Find PN in terms of
i and j.

20. The line segment BC = 7.5 cm long is one side of triangle ABC.
a) Use a ruler and compasses only to complete the construction of triangle ABC in which
< ABC = 45o, AC = 5.6 cm and < BAC is obtuse.

a) Draw the locus of a point P such that P is equidistant from a point O and passes through the vertices of
triangle ABC.
b) Locate point D on the locus of P equidistant from lines BC and BO. Q lies in the region enclosed by lines
BD, BO extended and the locus of P. Shade the locus of Q.

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21. Vector OA =( ) and OB = ( ) Point C is on OB such that CB = 2 OC and D is on AB such that AD = 3DB.
6 −6

a) Express CD as a column vector.

b) Length CD

22. A point Q divides AB in the ratio 5 : -3. Find the position vector q of point Q.

23. The velocity 𝑉 𝑚/𝑠 of a particle projected into space is given by the formula V = 5t2 −2t + 9 where 𝑡 is the time
in seconds elapsed since projection. Determine the acceleration of the particle when 𝑡 = 4 seconds.

24. Given that 𝑎̃ = 3𝑖 − 2𝑗 + 3𝑘 and 𝑏̃ = 2𝑖 − 4𝑗 − 3𝑘 where 𝒊, 𝒋 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒌 are unit vectors. Find |2𝑎 + 2𝑏|

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25. Construct triangle ABC in which BC = 6 cm, AB = 4.5 cm and angle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 135°.Drop a perpendicular
from point B to line AC and determine the shortest distance from point B to line AC.

26. The velocity of a particle after t seconds is given by 𝑉 = 𝑡2 − 2𝑡 + 4.

(a) Use the mid ordinate rule with six strips to estimate the displacement of the particle
between t = 1 and t = 13

(b) Determine;

i. The exact area of the particle between t = 1 and t = 13.

ii. Acceleration of the particle at t = 4

(c) Calculate the percentage error arising from the estimated area in (a) above.

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27. The equation of a line 𝐿1 is 3𝑦 − 2𝑥 = 10
a) Find in form of 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐 where m and c are constants,
(i) The equation of line 𝐿2 passing through point N (-5,2) and parallel to 𝐿1.

(ii) The equation of 𝐿3 perpendicular to 𝐿2 at M (1, −8).

b) Find the angle of inclination of the line 𝐿2 with the horizontal

c) Find the magnitude of MN

28. Two vertices of the triangle are A(3,6) and B(7,12)

a) Find the equation of the line AB

b) Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of line AB

c) Given that AC is perpendicular to AB and the equation of line BC is 𝑦 = −5𝑥 + 47, find the co-
ordinates of C

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29. OA = (1) and OB = (−2) . A point Q divides line AB externally the ratio 5:2. Find the position vector
0 3
of point Q.

30. Using a ruler and a compasses only construct triangle ABC such that AB = 4 cm, BC = 5 cm and angle
ABC =120°. Measure AC.

On the diagram, construct a circle which passes through the vertices of the triangle ABC. Measure the radius
of the circle.
Measure the shortest distance from the centre of the circle to the line BC
Determine the length of arc BC.

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31. Using a ruler and a pair of compasses only, construct a parallelogram ABCD such that AB=9 cm, AD=7
cm and angle BAD=60 o.

(b) On the same diagram, construct:

(i) The locus of a point P such that P is equidistant from AB and AD;

(ii) The locus of a point Q such that Q is equidistant from B and C;

(iii) The locus of a point T such that T is equidistant from AB and DC;

(c) (i) Shade the region R bounded by the locus of P, the locus of Q and the locus of T.

(ii) Find the area of the region shaded in (d)(i) above.

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32. OPQ is a triangle in which OP= p and OQ=q. 𝑥 is a point on OP such that OP:XP=5:2 and y is another point
on PQ such that PY:YQ=1:2. Lines OY and XQ intersect at T.
(a) Express the following vectors in terms of p and q
(i) 𝑃𝑄

(ii) 𝑂𝑌

(iii) 𝑂𝑋

(b) If 𝑂𝑇 = 𝑘𝑂𝑌 and 𝑄𝑇 = ℎ𝑄𝑋 express 𝑂𝑇 in two different ways. Hence or otherwise find the
values of h and k.

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33. Using a ruler and a pair of compasses only;

i) Construct a triangle ABC such that AB=6cm, BC=8cm and angle ABC=600.

ii) On the same side of BC as A construct the locus of m such that angle BMC=600.

iii) Draw the locus of a point Q which is equidistant from B and C.

iv) Draw the locus of a point R such that RC=3cm.

v) Draw the locus of a point P such that the area of triangle BPC=12cm2.

Locate the region by shading such that;

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34. Complete the table below for the function 𝑦 = 𝑥2 − 3𝑥 − 4

X -2 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

y

(a) Use the table and trapezoidal rule with 11 ordinate to estimate the area bounded by the curve
𝑦 = 𝑥2 − 3𝑥 − 4, 𝑥 = −2, 𝑥 = 3 and 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

(b) Use the mid ordinate rule with 5 strips to estimate the area bounded by the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥2 − 3𝑥 − 4,
𝑥 = −2, 𝑥 = 3 and 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

(c) Calculate the exact area above

(d) Find the percentage error involve in using the mid-ordinate role.

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35. A particle moves in such a way that the velocity V at any given time is
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v=10t – 2t2 - 2 m/s.
(a) Calculate the initial velocity

(b) Calculate the velocity when the time t = 3

(c) Find the displacement during the 5th second

(d) Calculate the maximum velocity attained

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36. Without using a protractor, construct line XY = 8cm
a) Construct the locus of all points R such that ∠𝑋𝑅𝑌 = 60°

b) Construct the locus of all points P such that the area of triangle XPY is 16 𝑐𝑚2.

c) Mark all the points where the locus of R intersects the locus of P with the letters
A,B,C and D

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37. The velocity of a particle after t seconds is given by V= t2 – 4t + 4.

(a) Find displacement of the particles during the third second

(b) Determine the time when the particle is momentarily at rest

(c) The acceleration of the particle after 2 seconds

𝟏
38. Estimate the area enclosed by the curve 𝒚 = 𝟒𝒙−𝟏 and the x axis from 𝑥 = 0 to 𝑥 = 2 using mid ordinate
rule with four strips. (Leave your answer as a fraction).

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39. AB and CD are chords of a circle Construct the circle with centre O and measure its radius

A C

B D

b. Construct the loci of a points x which are equidistant from line AB and CD

c. locate the loci of a points Y which are equidistant from points C and D

b. Construct the loci of a points Z which are 2cm from the circumference of the circle.

c. A point P moves such that CP ≥ DP, It is not more than 2cm from the circumference of the circle and its distance
from line CD is not more than its distance from AB. Show the region P by shading i

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40. A particle is moving with an acceleration of (t – 4) m/s2where t is time in seconds. When t is 2 seconds the
velocity is 4m/s and when t is 0 the displacement is 0m
a) Express velocity in terms of t

b) Find the displacement of the particle during the third second.

c) Calculate the interval of time when the velocity was not more than 4m/s

d) Calculate the minimum velocity.

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41.
(a) On the grid provided, draw a graph of the function y = 3x2 + 8 for 0 ≤ x ≤ 5

(b) Calculate the mid-ordinates for 4 strips between x = 1 and x = 5 and hence use the mid-
ordinate rule to approximate the area under the curve between x = 1, x = 5 and the x-axis

(c) Assuming the same area determined by integration to be the actual area, calculate the
percentage error in using the mid-ordinate rule.

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42. Use ruler and a pair of compasses only in this question.
a) Construct triangle ABC with AB = 5cm, BC = 6cm and AC = 7cm.

b) Construct the locus of a point O such that OA = OB = OC.

(c ) With O as centre and radius OB draw a circle.

(d) At B construct the tangent YBX such that X is on the same side of BO produced as C.

(e) Construct the locus of points L through O such that the distance from L to XY is constant.

(f) Locate point P such that P is on L and ABY = BPA.

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43. The derived function of a curve is 2x + 2
a) Find the equation of the curve if it passes through ( -2, -3 )

b) Find the x intercepts of the curve.

(c ) The curve passes through point (O, y). Find the value of y.

(d) Find the value of y at the point where the gradient of the curve is O (zero).

E) In the space provided below, sketch the curve.

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44. In a triangle ABC, E is the midpoint of BC, D is a point on AC such that AD: DC = 3: 2
and F is the point of intersection of AE and BD. Vectors 𝐴𝐵 = 𝑏̃ and 𝐴𝐶 = 𝑐̃

(a) Express the following vectors in terms of 𝒃̃ and 𝒄̃ only

(i) AE

(ii) BD

(b) By expressing vectors BF in two ways, find the ratio BF: FD given that BF = hBD and
AF = tAE where h & t are constants

(c) Hence find vector BF in terms of b and c only

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45. The displacement of a particle S metres, t seconds after passing a fixed point O is given by

𝑆 = 3 + 2𝑡 − 5𝑡2.

Calculate:
a) The displacement of the particle 2 seconds later

b) The time taken for the particle to return to O

c) The maximum displacement of the particle

d) The initial velocity of the particle

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46. PQR is a triangle of area 9 𝑐𝑚2. If PQ is the fixed base of the traingle and 6cm long draw it and describe the locus
of point R.

47. A parallelogram OACB is such that OA = a, OB = b. D is the mid-point of BC.OE = hOC and
AE = kAD.

(a) Express the following in terms of a, b, h and k.

(i) OC

(ii) OE

(iii) AD

(iv) AE

(b) Find the values of h and k.

(c) Determine the ratios:
(i) AE : ED

(ii) OE : OC

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