COIMBATORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, COINEBATORE-641 014

(Autonomous Institution)

DEPARTMENT: OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

HI SEM Part Time BE — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (part time)

23PM311 APPLIED THERMODYNMAICS

First Mid-term test 27-08-2024

PART A Max Marks:50

Answer any five: 5X2=10

1. Draw the PV diagram of Diesel diagram .

2. What's Air standardcycycles and its assumption
3. Tell about mean effective pressure and its application in internal combustion
engines?
4. Label compression ration and cut off ratio for Diesel cycle.
5. Why is that P-V and T-S diagram curves of an otto and Diesel cycles are in
sharp end in each process of a cycle.
6. How that efficiency of Diesel cycle is is varies with Otto cycle for the same
compression ratio.

DADTi?
JLP

Answer any 4:

1. In a Diesel cycle, air at 0.1 MPa and 300K is compressed adiabatically

until the pressure rises to 5 MPa. If 700KJ/Kg of energy in faun of

heat is supplied'at constant pressure, deteanine compression ratio, cut

off ration, thenual efficiency and mean effective pressure.

2. Express the equation to obtain cycle efficiency of Otto & Diesel

cycle? Write any four differences between SI & CI In an SI engine
working on the ideal Otto cycle, the compression ratio is 5.5. the
pressure and temperature of compression are 1 bar' and 27oC,
 temperature at the salient points, the air-standard efficiency and the
mean effective pressure. Assume ratio of specific heats to be 1.4 for

air.

3. In an SI engine working on the ideal Otto cycle, the compression ratio

is 5.5. the pressure and temperature of compression are 1 bar and

27oC, respectively. The peak pressure is 30 bar. Determine the

pressure and temperature at the salient points, the air-standard

efficiency and the mean effective pressure. Assume ratio of specific

heats to be 1.4 for air.

A four-cylinder, four stroke oil engine 10 cm in diameter and 15 cm in

stroke develops a torque of 185 Nm at 2000 rpm. The oil consumption is
14.5 lit/h. the specific gravity of the oil is 0.82 and calorific value of oil
is 42000 kilo joule/kg. if the IMEP taken from the indicated

diagram is 6.77 find the (i) mechanical efficiency (ii) brake thermal

efficiency (iii) brake mean effective pressure (iv) specific fuel

consumption in litres on brake power basis.

5. The following details were noted in a test on a four-cylinder, four
stroke engine, diameter = 100 mm, stroke = 120 mm; speed of the
engine =1600 rpm; fuel consumption = 0.2 kg/min; fuel calorific

value = 44000 kilo joule/kg; difference in tension on either side of the

brake pulley = 40 kgf; brake circumference is 300 cm. if the
mechanical efficiency is 80%. Calculate the; (i) brake thermal
efficiency (ii) indicated thermal efficiency (iii) indicated mean

effective pressure (iv) brake specific fuel consumption.

 (Autonomous Institution)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

BE-Meth (Part time) III semester

/va 19ME41 APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS

MID SEM II

Date: 04-11-2024 Max Marks: 50

Part A Answer Any 10 question 10 X2=20

S. No Question: Marks CO BL

1 Drae the TS diagram of Rankine cycle 2 CO1 L2

2 List out the performance enhancement on Rankine cycle 2 CO2 L2
3 Validate the reason of being expected magnitude of Turbine work 2 CO3 L2
and pump work of Rankine cycle.
4 Mention the irreversibilities involved in Rankine cycle? Also mention 2 CO2 L2
the effects on net workout put.
5 Write the range of pressure and Temperature of an types of boilers 2 CO1 L2
with example.
6 Draw the types of Nozzles used in steam power generation and 2 CO3 L2
Define nozzle efficiency and critical pressure ratio critical pressure
ration
7 Discuss any 2 points on is Montreal protocol and Kyoto protocol 2 CO3 L2
8 What is Airconditoing? mention the need of psychrometric chart? 2 CO2
9 Define DBT, WBT DPT and RH 2 CO1 L2
10 Define comfort condition? As per ISRAE 2 CO1
11 Write the Desirable properties of refrigerants selected for 2 CO3 L2
Airconditioing along with GDP and ODP

PART B Answer any 4 : 5 X4=30

S. No Question: Marks CO BL
1 Define and discuss Reversibility and Irreversibility. Also discuss the 5 Co3 L2
causes of irreversibility.
2 List the factors influence the enthalpy changes due to effect of 5 ,Co2 L2
friction in steam nozzle
3 List Psychrometric process involved in Airconditioning 5 • Co3 L2
4 Elloperate the working of Air washer. 5 - Co3 L2
5 Moist air, saturated at 2°C, enters a heating coil at a rate of 10 m3/s. 5 Co2 L2
Air leaves the coil at 40°C. Find the required rate of heat addition.
PART C

Answer any 3 10 X3=30

1 A coal fired boiler plant consumes 400kg of coal per hour. The boiler 10 CO3 L3
evaporates 32000kg of water at 44.50 C into superheated steam at a
pressure of 12 bar and 274.50 C. If the calorific value of fuel is 32760
kj/kg of coal determine: i. Equivalent evaporation. ii. Thermal efficiency
of the boiler.
2 Discuss the effect on Performance Enhancement of Rankine cycle 10 CO2 L2
using Reheat, Regeneration and superheating with TS diagram. And
thermodynamic derivations.
3 Explain the effect of friction on Nozzle. Also mention about super 10 CO2
saturated steam
4 Calculate the heat transfer or the work for each step of a 10 CO3 L3
Rankine cycle. Also calculate the thermodynamic efficiency of
the cycle. The boiler operates at 19.8 bar and superheats the
steam to 500°C. The condenser operates at 0.10 bar and the
turbine is adiabatic and reversible.
5 Explain various psychometric processe\ 10 CO3 L3
Write short notes i) Effective temperature with reference to human
comfort ii) Window air conditioner iii) Air washers
6 Air at 45° C and cooled sensible to a final temperature Of 20 C. Find 10 CO3 L2
RH after cooling and the heat removed per kg of dry air.
S.No QUESTION Marks CO3 BL
IN/2024
Reg. No. (To be filled by the
23PM311
candidate) (2023 batch only )
COIMBATORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Government Aided Autonomous Institution)
COIMBATORE 641 014

P.T.B.E DEGREE EXAMINATIONS, NOVEMBER 2024

( Third Semester)

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING BRANCH

23PM311 APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS

Time :3 Hours Max: 100 Marks
INSTRUCTIONS

1. Answer all questions in Part A and as per choice in PART B.

2. Part A and Part B questions should be answered
separately in the same answer sheet.
3. Use of approved thermodynamic property tables and charts is permitted.
4. Use block diagrams and process diagrams to solve problems.
5. Assume with justification, the values of data deemed to be missing.

PART — A (10 x 2 = 20 ) M BTL CO

1 Define mean effective pressure. 2 L1 CO1

2 Compare the processes of heat addition in an Otto cycle and a Brayton cycle
for the same peak pressure. 2 L2 CO2

3 Which of the two types of gas turbine power plants are preferable for mobile
2 L2 CO3
applications? Why?
4 Depict the savings in work of compression for a two-stage compression using
intercooling on a p-V diagram. 2 L1 CO3

5 State the effect of clearance volume on the performance of a reciprocating

compressor. 2 L2 CO4

6 Justify the need for superheating steam, and reason out how it increases the
2 L2 C04
performance of the Rankine cycle.
7 Draw the ideal and actual expansion process in a steam nozzle on a T-s
2 L2 C04
diagram.
8 Air at atmospheric pressure has a DBT of 30 °C and RH of 60 %. Find the
2 L2 C05
WBT and specific humidity using a psychrometric chart. 9
Indicate the process of latent cooling in a psychrometric chart. 2 L2 C05
10 The wet-bulb depression and dew-point depression for atmospheric air at a
particular condition are 5 °C and 10 °C respectively. What is the difference 2 L2 C05
between the wet bulb temperature and dew point temperature?

Contd...
 PART — a (5 )c 16 = 80 )

11 a. Depict the air-standard Diesel cycle on the p-V and T-s diagrams.

b. State the air-standard assumptions. Obtain an expression for the air-

standard efficiency of the Diesel cycle. (OR)

12 a. Represent the dual cycle on p-V and T-s diagrams.

b. The following data were recorded during the performance testing of a

single cylinder Diesel engine: Indicated Mean Effective Pressure =
1200 kPa; bore = stroke = 12 cm; speed = 600 rpm; diameter of the brake
wheel = 60 cm; load on the brake wheel = 210 N. Compute the
(a) Indicated power and (b) Frictional power.

13 A single-acting single-cylinder reciprocating compressor has a bore

and stroke of 120 mm and 150 mm respectively. It is used to compress air
entering at 1 bar and 27 °C to 8 bar in an adiabatic process. The
compressor runs at 500 rpm.
a. Calculate the power required in kW.
Compute the power required in kW, if the compression is done in two-stages
with optimum intermediate pressure. 8 L3 CO3
8 L3 CO3
(OR)

14 A single-acting single-cylinder reciprocating compressor has a bore

and stroke of 100 mm and 120 mm respectively. It has a clearance of 5% and
delivers air at 10 g/s at a pressure of 4 bar. The pressure and temperature of
air at inlet to the compressor are 1 bar and 30 °C, respectively. The
compression and expansion are adiabatic and the clearance is 4% of the
swept volume.
a. Determine the volumetric efficiency of the compressor.
b. Calculate the power required by the compressor.
c. Compute the speed of the compressor in rpm. 3 L3 CO3
7 L3 CO3
6 L3 CO3
15 a. A gas turbine power plant operates on a simple ideal Brayton cycle
with a pressure ratio of 6. The temperature at the inlet of the
compressor and the turbine are 27 00 and 1000 °C respectively.
Compute the (a) Temperatures at the exit of the compressor and
turbine, (h) Net work output and the (c) hackwork ratio of the plant.
5+443 L3 CO2

b. Represent the processes of a non-ideal simple open cycle gas

turbine system on a T-s diagram.
4 L3 CO2
(OR)

Contd...
 23M111311

16 a. Obtain an expression for the efficiency of an ideal Brayton cycle with

8 L3 CO2
reheat. Represent the cycle on a T-s diagram.
b. Consider a gas turbine power plant with perfect regeneration operates
on a simple Brayton cycle with a pressure ratio of 1:6. It takes in air at a
8 L3 CO2
temperature of 300 K at 1 bar. The temperature raise due to heat addition
is 900 K. Compute the efficiency of the plant.

17 a. A simple ideal Rankine cycle operates between pressure limits of 10

bar and 0.2 bar. The states of fluid at entry to the condenser and pump are
10 L3 CO2
saturated vapor and liquid respectively. Compute the efficiency of the cycle.
Use steam tables.
b. Decreasing the condenser pressure increases the efficiency of the
Rankine cycle. Justify this statement using a T-s diagram. Examine the
L4 CO2
lower limit of the condenser pressure for a given atmospheric
condition.
(OR)
18 a. A steam power plant operates on a simple Rankine cycle. The
temperature at the entry to the pump and the turbine are 30 °C and 650
°C, respectively, The pressures at entry to the pump and boiler are 10
2+44-4 L3 CO2
kPa, and 14 MPa respectively. Represent the cycle on a T-s diagram.
Determine the heat input per unit mass flow rate of steam and the
thermal efficiency of the cycle. A Mollier chart shall be used.
b. Analyze the effect of increasing the boiler pressure on the
6 L4 CO2
performance of a Rankine cycle using process diagrams.

19 a. Air at 1 atm, 15°C, and 50 % relative humidity is first heated to 20°C in

a heating section and then humidified by introducing water vapor. The air
10 L3 CO4
leaves the humidifying section at 25°C and 70 % relative humidity.
Compute the amount of steam added to the air using steam tables.
The partial pressure of water vapor in an atmosphere at 25 °C is 0.02 bar.
6 L3 CO5
Compute the specific humidity and absolute humidity.
(OR)
20 a. Air enters a window air conditioner at 1 atm, 35°C, and 75 % relative
humidity at a rate of 2 m3/min, and it leaves as saturated air at 17°C. A part of
10 L3 CO4
the moisture in the air that condenses during the process is also removed at
17°C. Compute the rate of heat removal from the air.
B.The dry bulb temperature and humidity of air are respectively 35 °C
and 70 %. Find the dew point temperature using a psychrometric chart and 6 L3 CO5
represent it on a psychrometric diagram.

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