HCV Worked out Examples (Chapter No.

18 – 7, 8, 9, 11, 12)
8. In the given figure rays incident on an interface would converge 2 cm below the interface if they continued
to move in straight lines without bending. But due to refraction, the rays will bend and meet somewhere
EXERCISE (S-1) else. Find the distance of meeting point of refracted rays below the interface (in cm). (Assuming the rays
HCV Worked out Examples (Chapter No. -18 – 1, 2, 3, 4) to be making small angles with the normal to the interface)
1. A concave mirror of focal length 20 cm is cut into two parts from the middle and the two parts are moved
perpendicularly by a distance 1 mm from the previous principal axis AB. If an object is placed of a
n1 = 1
distance of 10 cm from the mirror on the line AB then, find the distance between the images formed by
n2 = 5/2
the two parts? 2cm
2. A thin rod of length d/3 is placed along the principal axis of a concave mirror of focal length = d such that
its image, which is real and elongated, just touches the rod. Find the length of the image? 9. The x-y plane is the boundary between two transparent media. Medium-1 with z > 0 has refractive
3. A cube of side length 1mm is placed on the axis of a concave mirror at a distance of 45 cm from the pole index 2 and medium-2 with z < 0 has a refractive index 3 . A ray of light in medium-1 given by the
as shown in the figure. One edge of the cube is parallel to the axis. The focal length of the mirroris 30 cm. vector A  6 3 ˆi  8 3 ˆj  10kˆ is incident on the plane of separation. Find the unit vector in the direction
Find approximate volume of the image. of refracted ray in medium-2.
10. A beam of parallel rays of width b propagates in glass at an angle  to its plane face . The beam width
45 cm f = 30 cm after it goes over to air through this face is _______ if the refractive index of glass is .
11. A convergent beam is incident on two slabs placed in contact as shown in figure. Where will the rays
finally converge from the interface of B and air ?
4. An experimentalist devises a method for finding the radius of curvature of a convex mirror. He uses a
A B
plane mirror strip between the object and the convex mirror and adjusts it till the two virtual images
formed by reflection at both the mirrors coincide without parallax. In his observations, the object dis- =3/2 =2
tance from the convex mirror is 0.5 m while it is 0.30 m in front of the plane mirror. Find the radius of
curvature (in cm) of the convex mirror. O

5. Consider a concave mirror kept at origin with focal length 40 cm. Parallel rays which subtend an angle air
6cm 4cm
1
= radian are incident on it. A convex mirror is kept at a distance 25 cm from the first mirror as 14cm
40
shown. Find the y-coordinate of the image (in cm) formed by the system of mirrors after two reflections. 12. A point object is placed 33 cm from a convex mirror of curvature radius = 40 cm. A glass plate of
y thickness 6 cm and index 2.0 is placed between the object and mirror, close to the mirror. Find the
f=10cm distance of final image from the object?
HCV Exercises (Chapter No. 18 – 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
f=40cm

O x
HCV Worked out Examples (Chapter No.18 – 5, 6, 10, 13, 14)
13. A room contains air in which the speed of sound is 340 m/s. The walls of the room are made of concrete,
25cm in which the speed of sound is 1700 m/s.
6. A large temple has a depression in one wall. On the floor plan it appears as a indentation having spherical (a) Find the critical angle for total internal reflection of sound at the concrete–air boundary.
shape of radius 2.50 m. A worshiper stands on the center line of the depression, 2.00 m out from its (b) In which medium must the sound be traveling to undergo total internal reflection?
deepest point, and whispers a prayer. Where is the sound concentrated after reflection from the back 14. A thin plate of transparent plastic is embedded in a thick slab of glass. The index of refraction of the glass
wall of the depression? is n = 1.50 ; the index of refraction of the plate changes as shown in the diagram. A beam of light passes
7. A rod of length  is moving with constant speed 1 m/s towards the pole of a concave mirror of focal through glass and strikes the surface of the plastic plate. The maximum angle of incidence max which
enables the beam to pass through the plate. Find max.
length  . Find the rate of change in length of the image of the rod (m m/s) at the moment centre of the rod
coincides with the centre of curvature of the mirror. n

A O B glass plastic glass

1.50
1.40
1.30
1.20
HCV Exercises (Chapter No.18 – 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13)

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15. A ray of light enters a diamond (n = 2) from air and is being internally reflected near the bottom as shown 21. The rays of a converging beam meet at a point A. A diverging lens is placed in their path in the plane B.
in the figure. Find maximum value of angle  possible ? Plot the position of the point where the rays meet after passing through the lens. The position of the
principal foci F1, F2 is known.


135°
90° F2
P
F1
A
B
HCV Exercises (Chapter No. 18 – 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36) 22. A converging bundle of light rays in the shape of a cone with the semi–vertex angle of 37° falls on a
circular diaphragm of 14 cm diameter. A lens with a focal power of 25/3 diopter is fixed in diaphragm.
What will be the new semi vertex angle of cone (in degree)
HCV Worked out Examples (Chapter No.18 – 15, 16, 17, 18)
16. A small object of length 1 mm lies along the principal axis of a spherical glass of radius R = 10 cmand 23. A thin converging lens L1 forms a real image of an object located far away from the lens as shown in the
figure. The image is located at a distance 4l and has height h. A diverging lens of focal length l is placed
refractive index is 3/2. The object is seen from air along the principal axis from left. The distance of
2l from lens L1 at A. Another converging lens of focal length 2l is placed 3l from lens L1 at B. Find the
object from the centre is 5 cm. Find the size of the image. Is real, inverted ?
height of final image thus formed?

P Q A h
B
O l 2l 3l 4l
17. A narrow parallel beam of light is incident on a transparent sphere of refractive index 'n'. If the beam
finally gets focussed at a point situated at a distance = 2×(radius of sphere) from the centre of the sphere,
then find n? 1
24. There is a hole in middle of a thin converging lens whose radius is × radius of the lens. The lens has a
18. A transparent sphere of radius R = 2.0 m has a mirrored surface on its right half as shown in figure. A light 2
ray travelling in air is incident on the left side of the sphere. The incident light ray focal length of 4 cm. A point object is kept 9 cm from a screen and this lens is kept in between. It is seen
that there is a single circular illuminated spot on the wall with a sharp edge (as seen in figure). What is the
(1) & exiting light ray
distance of the lens from the object (in cm)? Consider the case when the rays after refraction from the
(2) are parallel & separated by distance d = 2.0 m. Then find the refractive index of the material. lens are converging in nature.
(Take : sin15°= 0.25)
r

(1) r/2 S
" "
d = 2.0 "
(2)
" "
25. Plane surface of a thin planoconvex lens reflects 50% of light, while the curved surface is completely
transparent, if final image of ‘O’ after refraction through thin lens coincides with the image formed due to
HCV Exercises (Chapter No. 18 – 38, 39, 41, 43, 45, 46, 47) partial reflection from plane surface. If distance between O and lens is x (in m) then find the value of x/4.
(Given  = 3/2)
HCV Worked out Examples (Chapter No.18 – 19 to 28) ROC = 300cm
19. A converging beam of rays is incident on a diverging lens. Having passed through the lens the rays
intersect at a point 15 cm from the lens. If the lens is removed, the point where the rays meet willmove air air
5cm closer to the mounting that holds the lens. Find the focal length (in cm) of the lens without sign.
20. A lens is placed at origin, with x-axis as its principal axis. A ray of light is incident on it from the negative
x
side of x-axis along the line y   0.1 , where x, y are in cm. Focal length of lens is 20 cm. Find the 26. A plano convex lens (=1.5) has a maximum thickness of 1 mm. If diameter of its aperture is 4 cm. Find
400
(i) Radius of curvature of curved surface;
equation of the ray after passing the lens. (ii) Its focal length in air.

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27. A point source of light is kept at a distance of 15 cm from a converging lens, on its optical axis. The focal EXERCISE (S-2)
length of the lens is 10 cm and its diameter is 3 cm. A screen is placed on the other side of the lens, 1. A light ray parallel to the x-axis strikes the outer reflecting surface of a sphere at a point (2, 2, 0). Its
perpendicular to the axis of lens, at a distance 20 cm from it. Then find the area of the illuminated part of center is at the point (0, 0, – 1). The unit vector along the direction of the reflected rays is xiˆ  yiˆ  zkˆ .
the screen?
yz
28. A parallel paraxial beam of light is incident on the arrangement as shown µA = 3/2, µB = 4/3, the two Find the value of .
x2
spherical surfaces are very close and each has radius of curvature 10 cm. Find the point where the rays y
are focussed. (w.r.t. point of entry) 2. A point object is placed at the centre of curvature of a concave mirror
10cm (taken as origin). A plane mirror is also placed at a distance of 10 cm
from the object as shown. Consider two reflection first at plane mirror 91°
x
B = 4/3 and then at concave mirror (x0, y0). O
A x 0
=3/2 Find the coordinates of the image thus formed are. 20cm
y0
3. Find the co-ordinates of image of point object P formed after two successive reflection in situationas
shown in figure considering first reflection at concave mirror and then at convex.
y f2=20cm
29. A flint glass convex lens of focal length 16 cm is placed in contact with crown glass lens. The refractive
f1=15cm
indices of crown glass for violet and red colour are v = 1.525, r = 1.515 and for flint glass v' = 1.655 P2
P
and r' = 1.645. 2mm
(a) Find the nature and focal length of the crown glass lens which will form an achromatic combination O
P1
with the flint glass lens. 20cm
M2
(b) What is the focal length of the combination? M1
50cm
HCV Exercises (Chapter No. 18 – 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70, 4. A ray of light travelling in air is incident at grazing angle (incident angle = 90°) on a long rectangular slab
71, 72, 73) of a transparent medium of thickness t = 1.0 (see figure). The point of incidence is the origin A(O, O).
The medium has a variable index of refraction n(y) given by: n (y) = [ky3/2 + 1]1/2, where k=1.0 m–3/2.
The refractive index of air is 1.0.
y
AIR P(x1, y1)

t = 1m
B(x,y)

Medium x
(0,0) Air
(i) Obtain a relation between the slope (dy/dx) of the trajectory of the ray at a point B (x , y) in the
medium and the incident angle (i) at that point.
(ii) Find the value of n sin i.
(iii) Obtain an equation for the trajectory y (x) of the ray in the medium.
(iv) Determine the coordinates (x1 , y1) of the point P, where the ray the ray intersects the upper surface
of the slab-air boundary.
(v) Indicate the path of the ray subsequently.
5. A narrow beam of light passing through the hemisphere of material with refractive index n, intersects at
point O. Where does the beam converge (i.e. y in cm) if beam were to travel in the opposite direction as
shown in figure (b)? The value of x is given to be 10 cm. Radius of the hemisphere is also10 cm.

(a) O (b)

x y

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6. A light beam of diameter 3 R is incident symmetrically on a glass hemisphere of radius R and of refractive 11. A luminous point P is inside a circle. A ray enters from P and after two reflections by the circle,return to
P. If  be the angle of incidence, a the distance of P from the centre of the circle and b the distance ofthe
index n = 3 . Find the radius of the beam at the base of hemisphere
ab
centre from the point where the ray in its course crosses the diameter through P, prove that tan 
3 R ab
air
12. A parallel beam of light of diameter 4 cm falls on a thin convex lens of focal length 40 cm and thenon a
n=
3 thin convex lens of focal length 10 cm as shown in figure (a). In figure (b) the second lens is an equiconcave
R lens of focal length 10 cm. In both the cases, the second lens has an aperture equal to 1cm and µ = 1.5.
Compare the area illuminated by the beam of light on the screen, which passes through the second lens
7. A surveyor on one bank of canal observes the images of the 4 inch mark and 17 ft mark on a vertical in the two cases.
staff, which is partially immersed in the water and held against the bank directly opposite to him. He see f = 40 f = 40
that reflected and refracted rays come from the same point which is the centre of the canal. If the 17ft f = 10 f = 10
mark and the surveyor’s eye are both 6ft above the water level, estimate the width of the canal, assuming

Screen

Screen
4cm

4cm
that the refractive index of the water is 4/3. Zero mark is at the bottom of the canal.

8. A hollow sphere of glass of R.I. n has a small mark M on its interior surface which is observed by an
observer O from a point outside the sphere. C is centre of the sphere. The inner cavity (air) is concentric 50cm 40cm 50cm 40cm
with the external surface and thickness of the glass is every where equal to the radius of the innersurface.
Find the distance by which the mark will appear nearer than it really is in terms of n and R assuming Figure (a) Figure (b)
paraxial rays. 13. A convex lens of focal length 15 cm and a concave mirror of focal 30cm are kept with their optic axes
PQ and RS parallel but separated in vertical direction by 0.6 cm as shown. The distance between the
C M lens and mirror is 30 cm. An upright object AB of height 1.2 cm is placed on the optic axis PQ of the lens
O
air at a distance of 20 cm from the lens . If A' B' is the image after refraction from the lens and reflection
from the mirror, find the distance of A'B' from thepole of the mirror and obtain its magnification. Also
glass locate positions of A' and B' with respect to the optic axis RS.
2R A
1.2 cm
4R
P B Q
R 0.6 cm
S
9. A parallel beam of light falls normally on the first face of a prism of small angle. At the second face it is
partly transmitted and partly reflected, the reflected beam striking at the first face again, and emerging
from it in a direction making an angle 6°30' with the reversed direction of the incident beam. The refracted 20cm
beam is found to have undergone a deviation of 1°15' from the original direction. Find the refractive 30cm
index of the glass and the angle of the prism.
14. An observer holds in front of himself a thin symmetrical converging lens ; a is the numerical value of the
radius of curvature of each face. He sees two images of his eyes, one erect and the other inverted.
10. A composite slab consisting of different media is placed infront of a concave mirror of radius of curvature
Explain the formation of these images and assuming the refractive index of glass to be 1.50, prove that he
150 cm. The whole arrangement is placed in water. An object O is placed at a distance 20cm from the
will see two erect images if the distance of the lens is less than 0.25a.
slab. The R.I. of different media are given in the diagram. Find the position of the final image formed by
the system. 15. A point source of light is placed 60 cm away from screen. Intensity detected at point P is I. Now a
R = 150cm diverging lens of focal length 20 cm is placed 20 cm away from S between S and P. The lens transmits
75% of light incident on it. Find the new value of intensity at P.
=4/3 =1.5 =1.0 =1.5 =4/3
20 cm
x
O
20cm P
S
45cm 24cm 54cm 10cm
60cm

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16. Two rays travelling parallel to the principal axis strike a large plano–convex lens having a refractive index 21. A prism of refractive index n1 & another prism of refractive index n2 are stuck together without a gap as
of 1.60. If the convex face is spherical, a ray near the edge does not pass through the focal point
shown in the figure. The angles of the prisms are as shown. n1 & n2 depend on , the wavelength of light
(spherical aberration occurs). If this face has a radius of curvature of magnitude 20.0 cm and the two
rays are h1 = 0.500 cm and h2 = 12.0 cm from the principal axis, find the difference in the positions 10.8  104 1.80  104
where they cross the principal axis. according to n1 = 1.20  & n2 = 1.45  where  is in nm.
2 2

D
C
C x 70°
n2
R
20
n1 °
17. Water level in the tank is decreasing at a constant rate of 1 cm/s. A small metal sphere is moving
downwards with a constant velocity 5 cm/s. Base of the tank is a concave mirror of radius 40 cm. Find 60° 40°
the velocity of the image seen [ Take aw = 4/3]. A B
(a) directly
(i) Calculate the wavelength 0 for which rays incident at any angle on the interface BC pass through
(b) after reflection at the mirror
without bending at that interface.
(ii) For light of wavelength 0, find the angle of incidence i on the face AC such that the deviation
1 cm/s produced by the combination of prisms is minimum.

10 cm/s 22. Two rays are incident on a spherical mirror or radius of R = 5 cm parallel to its optical axis at the distance
R = 40cm h1 = 0.5 cm and h2 = 3 cm. Determine the distance x between the point at which these rays intersect the
18. A man places his eye parallel to rim of a cylinder. When the cylinder is empty, the man cannot see optical axis after being reflected at the mirror.
anything inside the cylinder. Now, the cylinder is filled by two immiscible liquids to the top. Boththe 23. Two spherical mirrors, one convex and the other concave, each of same radius of curvature R are
liquid layers have the same width. Now from the same position, the observer can just see the base ofthe
arranged coaxially at a distance of 2R from each other as shown in figure. A small circle of radius a is
cylinder. The upper layer has refractive index 2 . If the height of the cylinder is 2H and the diameter of
drawn on the convex mirror. What is the radii of first three images of the circle.
the base is 3H then find out the refractive index of the lower layer.

2R

19. A large glass cube (n = 1.5) has a small air bubble below one surface. When a rupee coin (diameter
2 cm) is placed directly over the bubble on the outside of the cube, the bubble cannot be seen by looking
down into the cube at any angle. However when a 50 paise coin (diameter 1.5 cm) is placed directly
over it, the bubble can be seen by the looking down into the cube. What is the range of the possible
24. The figure shows a very long circular cylinder of radius R made of glass µg= 3/2 fixed to the horizontal
depths d of the air bubble beneath the surface ?
? surface. The space between the cylinder and a vertical wall (plane mirror) is filled with water of refractive
index µw = 4/3, as shown in figure.
d
O
Matter

Crown glass Cylinder

C
20. The refractive indices of the crown glass for violet and red lights are R
1.51 and 1.49 respectively and those of the flint glass are 1.77 and 1.73 Flint glass
respectively. A prism of angle 6° is made of crown glass. A beam of
white light is incident at a small angle on this prism. The other thin flint 2R 4R
glass prism is combined with the crown glass prism such that the net
mean deviation is 1.5° anticlockwise. Find the positions of the final image formed of an object O placed on the horizontal axis passing through
(i) Determine the angle of the flint glass prism. 2m the centre of mass C of the cylinder as shown in figure. Express you answer with respect to centre C of
(ii) A screen is placed normal to the emerging beam at a distance of 2m from the prism combination. the cylinder. Consider only paraxial rays lying in the vertical plane containing the point O and C.
Find the distance between red and violet spot on the screen. Which is the top most colour on
screen.

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 (b) Consider the ray r1 whose point of incidence is very close to the edge BC. Assume it undergoes total
25. An equilateral prism ABC is placed in air with its base side C lying horizontally along X-axis as shown in
internal refection at p1. In cross sectional view below, draw the trajectory of this reflected ray beyond
the figure. A ray given by 3 z + x = 10 is incident at a point P on face AB of prism the next glass-air boundary that it encounters.
z A
(c) Obtain the minimum value of the ratio R/d for which any light ray entering the glass normally through
P
the face ABCD undergoes at least one total internal reflection.

B 60° (d) A glass rod with the above computed minimum ratio of R/d, is fully immersed in water of refractive
(0,0,0) C index 1.33. What fraction of light flux entering the glass through the plane surface ABCD undergoes at
y least one total internal reflection?

(a) Find the value of µ for which the ray grazes the faces AC.
(b) Find direction of the finally refracted ray if  = 3/2.
(c) Find the equation of ray coming out of prism if bottom BC is silvered ?

26. An opaque sphere of radius R lies on a horizontal plane. On the perpendicular through the point of
contact, there is a point source of light at a distance R above the top of the sphere (i.e. 3R from the
plane). [IPHO-2018]
(a) Find the area of the shadow of the sphere on the plane.
(b) A transparent liquid of refractive index 3 is filled above the plane such that the sphere is just
covered with liquid. Find the area of the shadow of the sphere on the plane now.

27. A glass rod of refractive index 1.50 of rectangular cross section {d × l} is bent into a “U” shape (see Fig.
(A). The cross sectional view of this rod is shown in Fig. (B). [IPHO-2016]

Bent portion of the rod is semi-circular with inner and outer radii R and R + d respectively. Parallel
monochromatic beam of light is incident normally on face ABCD.
(a) Consider two monochromatic rays r1 and r2 in Fig. (B). State whether the following statements are
True or False.
Statement : If r1 is total internally reflected from the semi circular section at the point p1 then r2 will
necessarily be total internally reflected at the point p2.
Statement : If r2 is total internally reflected from the semi circular section at the point p2 then r1 will
necessarily be total internally reflected at the point p1.

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 EXERCISE (O-1) 7. As light from the sun enters the atmosphere, it refracts due to the small difference between the speeds of
light in air and in vacuum. The optical length of the day is defined as the time interval between the instant
1. Each of these diagrams is supposed to show two different rays being reflected from the same point on
when the top of the sun is just visibly observed above the horizon to the instant at which the top of the sun
the same mirror. Which option is correct.
just disappears below the horizon. The geometric length of the day is defined as the time interval between
the instant when a geometric straight line drawn from the observer to the top of the sun just clears the
(I) (II) (III) horizon to the instant at which this line just dips below the horizon?
(A) The optical length of a day is longer than geometrical length.
(A) Only I (B) Only II (C) Only III (D) All (B) The geometric length of the day is longer than optical length
(C) Optical length and geometrical length of day are equal.
2. Figure shows a small concave mirror with CP as its principal axis. A ray XY is incident on the mirror. (D) Cannot be determined.
Which of the four rays can be the reflected ray.
4 8. A ray of light travelling in a medium of refractive index  is incident at an angle  on a composite
transparent plate consisting of 50 plates of R.I. 1.01  , 1.02  , 1.03  , ........, 1.50  . The ray
3 Y emerges from the composite plate into a medium of refractive index 1.6  at angle 'x' . Then :
2 50
 1.01  5
C F P (A) sin x    sin  (B) sin x  sin 
1  1.5  8
50
8  1.5 
X (C) sin x  sin  (D) sin x    sin 
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 5  1.01 
3. A ray of light is incident on a concave mirror. It is parallel to the principal axis and its height from 9. A ray R1 is incident on the plane surface of the glass slab (kept in air)of refractive index 2 at an angle
principal axis is equal to the focal length of the mirror. The ratio of the distance of point B to the distance of incidence equal to the critical angle for this air glass system. The refracted ray R2 undergoes partial
of the focus from the centre of curvature is (AB is the reflected ray) reflection and refraction at the other surface. The angle between reflected ray R3 and the refracted ray R4
A at that surface is : R
1
f
R2
B R3

R4
2 3 2 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) (A) 45° (B) 135° (C) 105° (D) 75°
3 2 3 2
10. What is the length of the image of the rod in mirror, according to the observer in air? ( refractiveindex of
4. The distance of an object from a spherical mirror is equal to the focal length of the mirror. Then the the liquid is )
image:
(A) must be at infinity (B) may be at infinity
(C) may be at the focus (D) none
5. AB is a boundary separating two media of different refractive indices. A ray is incident on the boundary
is partially reflected and partially transmitted. (3)
Choose the CORRECT statement.
(A) 3 is incident ray and 1 is refracted ray
(B) 2 is incident ray and 1 is partially reflected ray A B
L L
(C) 1 is incident ray and 3 is refracted ray (A) L  L (B) L  (C) L  (D) None of these
 
(D) 3 is incident ray and 2 is partially reflected ray (1) (2)
11. A pendulum of length  is free to oscillate in vertical plane about point
O x-axis
6. Statement:1 You see a geostationary satellite above the horizon. You desire to communicate with the O in a medium of refractive index . An observer in air is viewing the
satellite by sending a beam of laser light. You should aim your laser slightly higher than the line of sight of bob of the pendulum directly from above. The pendulum is performing 

the satellite. small oscillations about its equilibrium position. The equation of
Statement:2 Light bends away from the normal while moving from denser to rarer medium. trajectory of bob as seen by observer is:
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation forstatement-1. y-axis 2
x2 y2 x2  y 
2

(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false. (A) x + y = 
2 2 2
(B)  2 1 (C) 2    1 (D) x  y   
2 2

(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true. ( / ) 2

  / 

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12. When a pin is moved along the principal axis of a small concave mirror, the image position coincideswith 17. An isosceles glass prism having refractive index  has one of its faces coated with silver. A ray of light is
the object at a point 0.5 m from the mirror, refer figure. If the mirror is placed at a depth of 0.2 m in a incident normally on the other face (which is equal to the silvered face). The ray of light is reflected twice
transparent liquid, the same phenomenon occurs when the pin is placed 0.4 m from the mirror. The on the same sized faces and then emerges through the base of the prism perpendicularly.The angles of
refractive index of the liquid is prism are
(A) 40°, 70°, 70° (B) 50°, 65°, 65° (C) 36°, 72°, 72° (D) data insufficient
18. In the diagram shown below, a point source O is placed vertically below the center of a circular plane
mirror. The light rays starting from the source are reflected from the mirror such that a circular area A on
the ground receives light. Now, a glass slab is placed between the mirror and the source O. What will the
magnitude of the new area on the ground receiving light?
Circular plane mirror Circular plane mirror
(A) 6/5 (B) 5/4 (C) 4/3 (D) 3/2
13. A fish floats in liquid with its eye at the centre of an opaque walled full tank of liquid
of circular cross section. When the fish look upwards, it can see a fish-eye view of
the surrounding scene i.e. it is able to view the entire space above the liquid surface. O O
(A) A
The diameter of the tank is 30 cm, and the critical angle for liquid is 37°. At what d
(B) Greater than A
maximum depth below the surface of the liquid, d, must the fish be
(C) Less than A
 3 (D) Cannot tell, as the information given is insufficient
floating?  sin 370  
 5 19. Figure shows graph of deviation  versus angle of incidence for a light ray striking a prism. Angle of
prism is
(A) 16 cm (B) 20 cm (C) 11.25 cm (D) 25 cm

14. Statement-1: A point source of light is placed inside water. A light detector present out side, in air can 30°
detect light only in a conical region, with the apex at the source and circumscribing the circle of illuminance.
Statement-2: Ray incident from denser to rarer medium undergoes total internal reflection when the
angle of incidence become more than the critical angle, this situation create a circular region from which
light escapes and is called circle of illuminance.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1. 15° 60°
(A) 30º (B) 45º (C) 60º (D) 75º
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for state-
ment-1. 20. A given ray of light suffers minimum deviation in an equilateral prism P. If refractive index increases
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false. slightly then the ray will now suffer
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true. (A) greater deviation (B) no deviation
(C) same deviation as before (D) total internal reflection
15. A glass slab of width ‘t’, refractive index ‘’ is placed as shown in the figure. If the point object, moves
with a speed 2 cm/s towards the slab the speed observered will be 21. The curve of angle of incidence versus angle of deviation shown has been plotted for prism. The value
 of refractive index of the prism used is :
(A) 2 cm/s
O 2cm/s
(B) less than 2 cm/s 
(C) greater than 2 cm/s
70°
(D) dependent on the refractive index of surrounding medium
t 60°
16. The optical density of turpentine is higher than that of water while its mass density is lower. Figure shows
a layer of turpentine floating over water in a container. For which one of the four rays incident on
turpentine in figure, the path shown is CORRECT ? i
40° 60° i1
2 3 4
1
3 2
Air
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) (D)
2 3
Turpentine
22. A beam of monochromatic light is incident at i = 50° on one face of an equilateral prism, the angle of
Water emergence is 40°, then the angle of minimum deviation is :
(A) 30° (B) < 30° (C)  30° (D)  30°
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

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23. A ray incident at an angle 53° on a prism emerges at an angle 37° as shown. If the angle of incidence is 30. A point object is placed on the principal axis of a converging lens and its image (I1) is formed on its
made 50°, which of the following is a possible value of the angle of emergence? principal axis. If the lens is rotated by an small angle  about its optical centre such that its principal axis
also rotates by the same amount then the image (I2) of the same object is formed at point P. Choose the
53° 37° correct option.

(A) 35° (B) 42° (C) 40° (D) 38°

24. Statement-1: When light falls on a sphere made of diamond total internal reflection takes place which
makes it shine more than a similar sphere made of common glass.
Statement-2: Refractive index for diamond is more than refractive index of cheap glass. (A) Point P lies on the new principal axis.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1. (B) Point P lies on the old principal axis.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation forstatement-1.
(C) Point P is anywhere between the two principal axes
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true. (D) None of these
25. A light ray strikes a hexagonal ice crystal floating in the air as shown in the figure. The correct path of ray
31. The two lenses shown are illuminated by a beam of parallel lightfrom the left. Lens B is then moved
may be ? (A) slowly toward lens A. The beam emerging from lens B is :
(B)
Incoming ray

(C)
(D)

26. A light ray is incident on a transparent sphere of index = 2 , at an angle of incidence = 45° . What is the
deviation of a tiny fraction of the ray , which enters the sphere , undergoes two internal reflections and
then refracts out into air ? (A) Initially parallel and then diverging (B) Always diverging
(A) 270° (B) 240° (C) 120° (D) 180°
(C) Initially converging and finally parallel (D) Always parallel
27. A beam of diameter ‘d’ is incident on a glass hemisphere as shown. If the radius of curvature of the
hemisphere is very large in comparison to d, then the diameter of the beam at the base of the hemisphere
32. A point object O moves from the principal axis of a converging lens in a direction OP. I the image of O,
will be
will move initially in the direction:
P R
Q
I
O
3 d 2 U T
S
(A) d (B) d (C) (D) d
4 3 3
28. An air bubble is inside water. The refractive index of water is 4/3. At what distance from the air bubble
should a point object be placed so as to form a real image at the same distance from the bubble: (A) IQ (B) IR (C) IS (D) IU
(A) 2R (B) 3R 33. When the object is at distances u1 and u2 the images formed by the same lens are real and virtual
(C) 4R (D) The air bubble cannot form a real image respectively and of the same size. Then focal length of the lens is :
29. In a converging lens of focal length f, the distance between real object and its real image is 4f. If the
object moves x1 distance towards lens its image moves x2 distance away from the lens and when object 1 u1  u 2
(A) u1 u 2 (B) (C) u1 u 2 (D) (u1  u2 )
moves y1 distance away from the lens its image moves y2 distance towards the lens, then choose the 2 2
correct option :
x1 x2 34. A concave lens of glass, refractive index 1.5, has both surfaces of same radius of curvature R. On
immersion in a medium of refractive index 1.75, it will behave as a
y1 O y2 I
(A) convergent lens of focal length 3.5R (B) convergent lens of focal length 3.0 R.
4f (C) divergent lens of focal length 3.5 R (D) divergent lens of focal length 3.0 R
(A) x1 > x2 and y1 > y2 (B) x1 < x2 and y1 < y2
(C) x1 < x2 and y1 > y2 (D) x1 > x2 and y2 > y1
NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 43 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 44
35. A beam of light consisting of red, green and blue and is incident on a right angled prism. The refractive EXERCISE (O-2)
index of the material of the prism for the above red, green and blue wavelengths are 1.39, 1.44 and 1.47
1. In which of the following diagrams the image formed is virtual and inverted ?
respectively. The prism will

(A) (B) C

45°

(A) separate part of the red color from the green and blue colors
(B) separate part of the blue color from the red and green colors (C) C (D) None of these
(C) separate all the three colors from the other two colors
(D) not separate even partially, any colors from the other two colors
2. An infinitely long rod lies along the axis of a concave mirror of focal length f. The near end of the rod
36. A prism of angle 3º is made of glass having refractive index 1.64. Two thin prisms made of glass having is at distance u > f from the mirror. Its image will have a length
refractive index 1.48 are intended to be coupled with the former prism to yield a combination without an uf uf f2 f2
average deviation. Which of the following angles cannot correspond to the two prism? (A) (B) (C) (D)
u f uf uf u f
(A) 2º and 2º (B) 1.5º and 2.5º (C) 6º and 2º (D) 5.5º and 3.5º 3. A short linear object of length b lies along the axis of a concave mirror of focal length f, at a distance u
from the mirror. The size of the image is approximately
37. Two thin prisms of flint glass, with refracting angles of 6º and 8º respectively, possess dispersive powers 1/ 2 2
in the ratio :  u f   f  uf   f 
(A) b   (B) b   (C) b   (D) b  
 f  uf   f   u f 
(A) 4 : 3 (B) 3 : 4 (C) 1 : 1 (D) 9 : 16
4. The table below lists object and image positions for four objects placed in front of mirrors, using Cartesian
38. It is desired to make an achromatic combination of two lenses (L1 & L2) made of materials having sign convention with pole of the mirror as origin. In the following cases, the case in which images is
dispersive powers 1 and 2 (<1). If the combination of lenses is converging then formed by a convex spherical mirror, is :
Object Position Image Position
(A) L1 is converging (A) – 25.0 cm –16.7 cm
(B) L2 is converging (B) – 5.0 cm 10.0 cm
(C) Power of L1 is greater than the power of L2 (C) – 20.0 cm 5.71 cm
(D) – 40.0 cm 80.0 cm
(D) None of these
5. The graph shows the variation of v with change in u for a mirror. Points plotted above the point P on the
curve are for values of v
v

45º
u
(A) smaller than f (B) smaller than 2f (C) larger than 2f (D) larger than f
6. Which of the following graphs is the magnification of a real image against the distance of object from the
focus of a concave mirror?
m m m m

(A) (B) (C) (D)

x x x
x

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7. An object is moving with constant speed v0, towards a concave mirror along its principal axis, from a 12. The observer at O views two closely spaced spots on a vertical wall through an angled glass slab as
distance 4f0 as shown, where f0 is the focal length of mirror. The correct graph of speed of image (vi) with shown. As seen by observer, the spots appear.
time(t) is

object
v0 P.A.

4f0
focal length =f 0 (A) shifted upward (B) shifted downward
vi vi vi (C) spaced farther apart (D) spaced closer together
vi
13. A ray of light strikes a cubical slab surrounded by air as shown in the figure.Then the geometrical path
v0
v0 length traversed by the light in the slab will be :
v0 9
9 v0
(A) (B) 9 (C) 9 (D)
t t t t
f0 2f0 3f0 f0 2f0 3f0 f0 2f0 3f0 2f0
v v v v v v v v v v
8. A point source of light is 60 cm from a screen and is kept at the focus of a concave mirror which reflects
light on the screen. The focal length of the mirror is 20 cm. The ratio of average intensities of the illumination
on the screen when the mirror is present and when the mirror is removed is :
(A) 36 : 1 (B) 37 : 1 (C) 49 : 1 (D) 10:1
9. A bird is flying 3 m above the surface of water. If the bird is diving vertically down with speed = 6 m/s,
his apparent velocity as seen by a stationary fish underwater is :  3 3
(A) 8 m/s (B) 6 m/s (C) 12 m/s (D) 4 m/s (A) 2 3 m (B) 2m (C) 6m (D)  2  2  m
 
10. A ray of light travelling in air is incident almost along y-axis on medium of variable refractive index at the 14. A ray of light is incident normally on the first refracting face of the prism of refracting angle A. The ray
origin. The refractive index of the medium changes according to the relation µ = 1 + x2. What is the light of light comes out at grazing emergence. If one half of the prism (shaded position) is knocked off, the
ray vector at the point where the x coordinate becomes equal to 1 ? same ray will
y
1 A
(A) Emerge at an angle of emergence sin 1  sec 
2 2
(B) Not emerge out of the prism
x 1 A
(C) Emerge at an angle of emergence sin 1  sec 
Ray 2 4
(D) None of these
 3 ˆ  1 ˆ  1 ˆ  3 ˆ  1 ˆ  1 ˆ 15. A thin isosceles prism with angle 4° and refractive index 5/4 is placed inside a transparent tube with liquid
(A)  2  i   2  j (B)  2  i   2  j (C)   i    j (D) None of these
        2  2  (refractive index = 1.5) as shown. The deviation of light due to prism will be
11. A quality control engineer working at the Davinci Glass Company has invented a new method to measure (A) 0.8° upward
the thickness of glass panes. By directing a laser beam at an incident angle of 45° w.r.t. the glass, he (B) 0.8° downward
notices that not one but two parallel beams are reflected. He measures the distance between the reflected (C) 0.67° upward
beams with an automated camera system, as shown. (The camera is pointed directly at the reflected (D) 0.67° downward
beams). Assuming that the index of refraction of glass is 2 , and the distance between the reflected
16. In the arrangement shown, separation between observer and object as seen by observer is
beams is measured to be 1 mm, how thick is the glass ?
R=20 cm R=30 cm R=40 cm R=50 cm
Camera

Laser Beam 1 5  5 4
45° O
Glass 20cm 10cm 10cm 10cm 10cm
Laser

1 2 3
(A) mm (B) mm (C) mm (D) None of these (A) 60 cm (B) more than 60 cm (C) less than 60 cm (D) depends on 
6 3 2
NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 47 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 48
17. Choose the incorrect ray diagram(s). All the rays shown are paraxial. 21. A light ray hits the pole of a thin biconvex lens as shown in figure. The angle made by the emergent ray
[ denotes converging lens and denotes diverging lens] with the optic axis will be nearly

f0

f0
O f I (A) 0° (B) (1/3)° (C) (2/3)° (D) 2°
(A) 2f f
(B)
22. In the given situation object and plane mirror are fixed while the lens is performing SHM perpendicular
f to principle axis with an amplitude 4mm. At mean position of the lens the object lies on the principal axis.
Distance between two extreme positions of image formed by mirror is (consider paraxial light rays)
Meet at Infinity
L1
f=20cm
I

Optical axis of L1 I
O O
(C) F O (D) 30cm 50cm
f Optical axis of L2

(A) 1.2 cm (B) 2.4 cm (C) 0.8 cm (D) can not be determined
L2

23. A point object O is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a equi-convex lens (g = 1.5) of focal length
18. Choose incorrect ray diagram [ denotes converging lens and denotes diverging lens] All symbols
10 cm . The lens is placed on a liquid of refractive index 2 as shown. Image will be formed at a distance
have their usual meaning and all the rays shown are paraxial. (focal length of each lens is F) h from lens. The value of h is
O
O
O 20 cm
(A) (B) F
F
I
I

2F
O  =2
F
(C) F (D)
Meet at Infinity
(A) 5 cm (B) 10 cm (C) 20 cm (D) 40 cm
19. A point object is located 30 cm in front of a camera lens of aperture diameter 6 cm. The image is 24. Consider a common mirage formed by super-heated air just above a roadway. A truck driver is in a
focussed on the film plate. If the film plate is moved back 10 cm the width of the image blurs to 1cm medium of  = 1.000 3 looks forward. He perceives the illusion of a patch of water ahead on the road,
wide. Find the focal length of the lens. where his line of sight makes an angle of 1.20° below the horizontal. Find the index of refraction of the air
(A) 20 cm (B) 10 cm (C) 30 cm (D) 40 cm just above the road surface. Take Cos(1.20°) = 0.99978. (Hint: Treat this as a problem in total internal
20. Look at the ray diagram shown, what will be the focal length of the 1st and the 2nd lens, if the incident light reflection).
ray passes without any deviation ? (A) 1.00006 (B) 1.0001 (C) 1.00008 (D) None of these

25. A thin lens with focal length f is to be used as a magnifying glass. Which of the following statements
regarding the situation is true?
(A) A converging lens may be used, and the object be placed at a distance greater than 2f from the lens.
(B) A diverging lens may be used, and the object be placed between f and 2f from the lens.
(C) A converging lens may be used, and the object be placed at a distance less than f from the lens.
(A) –5 cm and +10 cm (B) +5cm and +10cm (D) A diverging lens may be used, and the object be placed at any point other than the focal point.
(C) –5cm and +5cm (D) +5cm and – 5cm

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 49 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 50
26. A point luminous object (O) is at a distance h from front face of a glass slab of width d and of refractive
30. A fish, F in the pond, is at a depth of 0.8 m from water surface and is moving vertically upwards with
index n. On the back face of slab is a reflecting plane mirror. An observer sees the image of object in
mirror (see Fig. (3)). Distance of image from front face as seen by observer will be [IPHO-2009] velocity 2 ms–1. At the same instant, a bird B is at a height of 6m from water surface and is moving
downwards with velocity 3 ms–1. At this instant both are on the same vertical lines as shown in the figure.
Which of the following statement(s) is(are) correct?

B
6m
3 ms–1
Air
–1
Water
0.8m 2 ms
2d d ( = 4/3)
(A) h  (B) 2h + 2d (C) h + d (D) h  F
n n
(A) Height of B, observed by F (from itself) is equal to 8.00 m.
27. A ray of light enters at grazing angle of incidence into an assembly of five isosceles right-angled prisms (B) Depth of F, observed by B (from itself) is equal to 6.60 m.
having refractive indices 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively (see Fig. (5)). The ray also [IPHO-2009]
(C) Velocity of B, observed by F (relative to itself) is equal to 5.00 ms–1.
(D) Velocity of F, observed by B (relative to itself) if equal to 4.50 ms–1 .
2 4
5 31. For the system as shown in the figure, the image formed by the concave mirror.
1 3 u
2u

\ \\\
\\\ \
n=3/2

\\ \\
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\ \\
u
x
emerges out at a grazing angle. Then O

(A)       1    
2 2 2 2 2
(B)       2    
2 2 2 2 2

\ \\\\
1 3 5 2 4 1 3 5 2 4

\\\
(C)         
2 2 2 2 2
(D) none of the above (A) will have speed greater than the speed of the object.
1 3 5 2 4
(B) will move in the direction of motion of the mirror.
(C) will have speed greater than the speed of the mirror.
MULTIPLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS (D) moves away from the mirror.
28. An object AB is placed parallel and close to the optical axis between focus F and centre of curvature C 32. The nature of object and image given with each of the optical condition is shown. Choose the correct
of a converging mirror of focal length f as shown in figure. option(s)
(A) Image of A will be closer than that of B from the mirror. A B

(B) Image of AB will be parallel to the optical axis. I O

(C) Length of image is equal to AB. C F (A) Virtual image Virtual object
(D) Length of image is more than AB.
29. In the figure shown consider the first reflection at the plane mirror and second at the convex mirror. AB

/////////////////////
is object.
O
(B) Virtual image I Real object
V

A B

////////////////
10cm 10cm
120cm O I
50cm (C) Real object Virtual image

(A) the second image is real, inverted of 1/5th magnification w.r.t AB

(B) the second image is virtual and erect with magnification 1/5 w.r.t AB
(C) the second image moves towards the convex mirror
(D) the second image moves away from the convex mirror.

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 51 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 52
   

////
///////
O I
(D) Real object Virtual image

////////////
(b) (c)
i i i

/////
i< C

33. A glass prism is immersed in a hypothetical liquid. The curves showing the refractive index n as a function Based on the above graphs mark the correct options
of wavelength  for glass and liquid are as shown in the figure. When a ray of white light is incident on the (A) Graph-a may be a part of the graph for ray of light that is incident on rarer medium.
prism parallel to the base : (B) Grpah-b may be for ray of light that is incident on rarer medium.
(C) Graph-c may be a part of the graph for ray of light that is incident on denser medium.
n Liquid (D) Graph-b may be a part of the graph for ray of light that is reflected from a plane mirror
38. In the figure shown a point object O is placed in air on the principal axis.The radius of curvature of the
Glass spherical surface is 60 cm. If is the final image formed after all the refractions and reflections.

 ng = 3/2
O yellow
O
(A) yellow ray travels without deviation (B) blue ray is deviated towards the vertex
(C) red ray is deviated towards the base (D) there is no dispersion d1
34. The figure shows a ray incident at an angle i = /3. If the plot drawn shows the variation of | r – i | versus
1 d2
 k , (r = angle of refraction)
2
(A) If d1 = 120 cm, then the ‘If’ is formed on ‘O’ for any value of d2.
2
1 r–i| (B) If d1 = 240 cm, then the ‘If’ is formed on ‘O’ only if d2= 360 cm.
2 1 (C) If d1 = 240 cm, then the ‘If’ is formed on ‘O’ for all values of d2.
i (D) If d1 = 240 cm, then the ‘If’ cannot be formed on ‘O’.
k 39. Optical axis of a thin equi-convex lens is the X-axis. The co-ordinate of a point object and its image
k1 k2
are (–20 cm, 1 cm) and (25 cm, –2 cm) respectively
2  (A) the lens is located at x = 5 cm (B) the lens is located at x = –5 cm
(A) the value of k1 is (B) the value of 1 
3 6 (C) the focal length of the lens is 10 cm (D) the focal length of the lens is 15 cm
 40. The principal axis of an optical device is along y = –1, image of a small body placed at (–30,3) is formed
(C) the value of 2  (D) the value of k2 is 1
3 at a point (60, –3). Then the optical device is
35. For the refraction of light through a prism (A) A convex lens of focal length 20 cm (B) A concave mirror of focal length 60 cm
(A) For every angle of deviation there are two angles of incidence. (C) A concave lens of focal length 20 cm (D) A convex mirror of focal length 60 cm
(B) The light travelling inside an equilateral prism is necessarily parallel to the base when prism is set 41. A concave lens is placed in the path of a uniform parallel beam of light falling on a screen as shown. Then
for minimum deviation.
(C) There are two angles of incidence for maximum deviation.
(D) Angle of minimum deviation will increase if refractive index of prism is increased keeping the C
outside medium unchanged if P > S A
O
36. A cubic container is filled with a liquid whose refractive index increases linearly from top to bottom.
B
Which of the following figures may represent the path of a ray of light inside the liquid?
D

Screen
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(A) intensity of light will be the uniform everywhere on the screen.
(B) intensity in the region AB will be lesser than what it would be in the absence of the lens.
37. Following are graphs of angle of deviation versus angle of incidence
(C) in the region AC and BD, the intensity will be lesser than what it would be in the absence of the lens.
(D) in the region AC and BD, the intensity will be more than what it would be in the absence of the lens.

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 53 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 54
42. In displacement method, the distance between object and screen is 96 cm. The ratio of length of two the refracted rays must lay on the same side of the normal at the point of incidence. In the figure is shown
images formed by a convex lens placed between them is 4.84 : a ray crossing the interface between two media makes angle 1 and 2 with the normal in medium–I and
(A) Ratio of the length of object to the length of shorter image is 11/5. medium–II of refractive indexes 1 and 2. Refractive indexed of these media have opposite signs.
(B) Distance between the two positions of the lens is 36 cm.
(C) Focal length of the lens is 20.625 cm. Normal
(D) Distance of the lens from the shorter image is 30 cm. 1
Medium-I
43. Figure shows a convex lens cut symmetrically into two equal halves and separated laterally by a distance O
h. point object O placed symmetrically at a distance 30 cm, from the lens halves, within the focus, forms
two images separated by a distance d. A plot of d versus h is shown in figure. The focal length of the lens
2 Medium-II
is
d
6cm Snell's law is expressed for the above situation as usual by the equation 1sin1=2sin2. Therefore, to
h
3cm
satisfy equation 1sin1=2sin2, the angles 1 and 2 must also have opposite signs.
O
30cm 47. A self–luminous point object placed at distance x0 from a slab of transparent material of negative refractive
h
O 1cm 2cm index is viewed through it as shown in the figure. Thickness of the slab is d, refractive index of material of
(A) 22.5 cm (B) 40 cm (C) 45 cm (D) 20 cm the slab with respect to the outside medium is  = –1. For different magnitudes of value of x0 and d the
observer may find real or virtual image of the object. Which of the following statement is true? Do not
44. Which of the following silvered lenses kept in air may form real image of a real object. use any sign conventions. A B

(A) If x0 > d image is virtual and for x0 < d image is real.

\\\ \

\ \ \\

slab
(B) If x0 < d image is virtual and for x0 > d image is real.
\\\\\\

\\\\\\

Object observer
(C) If x0  d image is virtual and for x0 > d image is real.
\\\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\\\\\\\

\\\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\\\\\\\

(D) If x0 > d image is virtual and for x0 d image is real.

(A) (B) (C) (D)
48. Suppose a virtual object is placed instead of a real object at a distance x0 from the surface A of the slab.
\ \\\
\\ \ \

Now which of the following statement is true? Do not use any sign conventions.
\

45. A man wanted to get a picture of a Zebra. He photographed a white donkey after fitting a glass with (A) If x0 < d a real image is formed outside the slab and for, x0> d a virtual image is formed inside the
black streaks onto the objective of his camera. slab.
(A) the image will look like a white donkey on the photograph. (B) If x0< d a real image is formed and for x0>d a virtual image is formed and in both the case the image
(B) the image will look like a Zebra on the photograph. is outside the slab.
(C) the image will be more intense compared to the case in which no such glass is used. (C) For both the cases x0 < d and x0 > d a real and erect image is formed outside the slab.
(D) the image will be less intense compared to the case in which no such glass is used. (D) For both the cases x0 < d and x0 > d a real and inverted image is formed outside the slab.
3 Paragraph for Question No. 49 to 51
46. A lens is formed by a material having refecting index & radii of curvature 20 cm & 10 cm. Then
2 When a wave reaches at boundary of any medium it get partially refracted and partially reflected.
choose the correct option(s) : Direction of refracted as well as reflected ray can be given by Snell’s law.
(A) If lens is concavo-convex & light is falling on the surface having radius of curvature 20 cm, then focal sin i sin r
length is 40 cm  vi = velocity of incident wave
vi vr
(B) If lens is concavo-convex & light is falling on the surface having radius of curvature 10 cm, then focal
vr = velocity of reflected/refracted wave
length is –40 cm
For the reflected wave of same type, vi = vr as the wave returns to the same medium. Thus
(C) If lens is convexo-concave & light is falling on the surface having radius of curvature 20 cm, then
sin i = sin r  i = r.
focal length is 40 cm
It is observed that when a longitudinal wave reaches at a surface, it generates longitudinal and transverse
(D) If lens is convexo-concave & light is falling on the surface having radius of curvature 10 cm, then
wave. These two waves get reflected and transmitted in direction suggested by Snell’s law.
focal length is –40 cm
Given that velocity of longitudinal wave in steel = 4000 m/s
COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS velocity of longitudinal wave in cast iron = 3000 m/s
Paragraph for Question 47 and 48 velocity of transverse wave in steel = 3200 m/s
If Snell's law is found valid for two media, whose refractive indexes have opposite signs, the incident and

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 55 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 56
 velocity of transverse wave in cast iron = 1600 m/s (C) image will move vertically downward (D) none of these
Longitudinal waves come at boundary of cast iron and steel from cast iron at angle of incidence i.
Paragraph for Question 54 & 56
Frustrated TIR (F-TIR): In optics, when light rays traveling in a denser medium strike at medium
n
boundary at an angle greater than critical angle, TIR occurs and a surface wave which is called Evanes-
cent wave forms in rarer medium. An evanescent wave is a near-field standing wave with an intensity
longitudinal
that exhibits exponential decay with distance (less than wavelength) from the boundary at which the
wave
wave is formed.Imagine that a beam of light traveling within a block of glass is internally reflected at a
i boundary. Presumably if you pressed another piece of glass against the first, the air-glass interface would
cast iron
be made to vanish and the beam would then propagate onward undisturbed. Further more, this transition
steel
from total to no reflection occurs gradually as the air film between them thinned out as explained above,
when third medium with a higher refractive index (than the low-index second medium) is placed within
less than several wavelengths distance from the interface between the first medium and the second
medium, the evanescent wave will be different from the one under "ordinary conditions" and it will pass
energy across the second into the third medium (evanescent wave coupling). This process is called
"frustrated" total internal reflection (FTIR) and is very similar to quantum tunneling. An example of appli-
49. If the longitudinal wave is incident at an angle of 30°, then the angle between the refracted longitudinal cation of this principle is automatic Wiper speed control found in high end cars like Skoda, Audi,
and reflected transverse wave will be BMW etc.
2 4 1 2 4 Figure shows an example of an optical system designed to detect the amount of water present on the
(A) sin 1  sin 1 (B) sin  sin 1
3 15 3 15 windshield of a car to adjust the wiper speed. As shown in this figure, we can use the windshield as a
1 2 4 5 2 waveguide to guide the light from a source located at one end (bottom of the windshield) to a detector
(C)   sin  sin 1 (D)  sin 1
3 15 6 3 located in the opposite end. The light suffers total-internal reflection (TIR) at the glass-air interface.
50. If the angle of incidence of longitudinal wave is such that produced longitudinal wave just fails to enter However, when rain drops are present, some of the light will suffer frustrated TIR escaping outside the
steel, then the angle of reflection for transverse wave will be: waveguide. Since we know the power of the light source, a given drop in power can be correlated to the
amount of water present and used to adjust the wiper speed.
3 2 4  Frustrated
(A) sin–1 (B) sin–1 (C) sin–1 (D) TIR
4 5 5 2 Detector
51. Choose the CORRECT statement : Rain drop
(A) For any angle of incidence, we can never get transverse wave in steel.
(B) Reflected longitudinal wave will be closer to normal than reflected transverse wave (normal is taken
towards cast iron) TIR

(C) Refracted transverse wave will bend towards the normal. 

TIR
(D) Refracted longitudinal wave will bend away from the normal.
Wiper speed control system
Paragraph for Question 52 & 53 Source

An object O is placed at the bottom of a pond of depth 1m. A fish is lying at the bottom of the pond as 54. Choose the CORRECT statement.
shown in figure. (A) The energy carried by evanescent wave is zero in both TIR and FTIR.
(B) The energy carried by evanescent wave is non-zero in both TIR and FTIR.
(C) The energy carried by evanescent wave is zero in TIR and non-zero in FTIR.
(D) The energy carried by evanescent wave is non-zero in TIR and zero in FTIR.
55. In the following systems which should not be based on FTIR?
(A) Credit card swiping system (B) Thumb attendance system
(C) Finger print scanner (D) Multi touch screen
52. If refractive index of the liquid is 2 , what will be minimum distance between fish and the object so that
56. For the wiper speed control system to work, the angle of incidence on the glass air interface is , then
image of the object can be seen by the fish.
(A) 3m (B) 2m (C) 1m (D) none of these 
1  water
  
(A)   sin   (B)   sin 1  water 
53. Suppose fish is observing the image and object starts moving vertically upwards. Pick the correct option   glass   
 glass 
(A) image will not move (B) image will move vertically upwards

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 57 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 58
 1
  air  
1  water
   
(C) sin       sin  
Q
 (D)   sin 1  air 
 glass   glass    A=30°
 glass  i=45°
1
Paragraph for Questions 57 and 58 B
i2
There is a spherical glass ball of refractive index 1 and another glass r2 C
A r1 O D (B) (Q) Light emerges normally from the surface QR
ball of refractive index 2 inside it as shown in figure. The radius of the i1 2
R2
outer ball is R1 and that of inner ball is R2. A ray is incident on the R1 P
75° 75° R
outer surface of the ball at an angle i1. 2

57. Find the value of r1

 sin i1  1  1  1  1 
(A) sin 1   (B) sin 1  1 sin i1  (C) sin   (D) sin   Q
 sin i1  
 1 i1 
sin
 1  i=90°
A=90°

58. Find the value of r2

1  R   R   R 1   R 
(A) sin  1 sin i1  (B) sin 1  2 sin i1  (C) sin 1  1  (D) sin 1  2 sin i1  (C) (R) Light emerges parallel to surface QR
 R  R  R sin i
 2 2   2 1   1 2 1   1R 1  45° 45°
P R
Paragraph for Questions 59 and 61 2
Squeeze Grazing incidence
A turnip sits before a thin converging lens, outside the focal point of
the lens. The lens is filled with a transparent gel so that it is flexible;
by squeezing its ends toward its center [as indicated in figure(a)], F Q
you can change the curvature of its front and rear sides. 60°

59. When you squeeze the lens, the image. Figure(a)

(A) moves towards the lens (B) moves away from the lens (D) (S) The light ray emerges from face PR perpendicularly
30°
R
(C) shifts up (D) remains as it is P = 2
Normal incidence
60. When you squeeze the lens, the lateral height of image.
(A) increases (B) decreases (C) remains same (D) data insufficient (T)
When light ray passes through the prism it is
parallel to the base PR.
61. Suppose that a sharp image must be formed on a card which is at a certain distance behind the lens
63. A very small circular object is kept in front of an optical device as shown in
[figure(b)], while you move the turnip away from the lens, then you should
figure. The plane of object is parallel to the optical device. Match the images A B
Card as seen by the observer (ignoring magnification):
Column-I (Probable image) Column-II (Device) object optical device

Figure(b)
(A) (P) Plane mirror (The observer is at A)
(A) decrease the squeeze of the lens (B) increase the squeeze of the lens
(C) keep the card and lens as it is. (D) move the card away from the lens
(B) (Q) Concave mirror (The observer is at A)
MATRIX MATCH TYPE QUESTIONS
62. Light is incident at surface PQ of prism as shown in column I then match the column I with column II
(surrounding medium is air in all cases) (C) (R) Convex mirror (The observer is at A)
Column I Column II
Q
A=100°
i=45°
(D) (S) Convex lens (The observer is at B)

(A) (P) Total internal reflection takes place at surface QR. (T) Concave lens (The observer is at B)
40° 40° R
P
2

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 59 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 60
64. Medium of lens in (R), (S), (T) is denser than surroundings EXERCISE (JM)
Column-I Column-II
1. Two lenses of power – 15D and +5D are in contact with each other. The focal length of the combination
(A) Real erect image cannot be formed (P) Object placed in front of a convex mirror
is- [AIEEE-2007]

\\\\
\\\ \\\
(1) – 20 cm (2) – 10 cm (3) + 20 cm (4) + 10 cm

\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\
2. A stuydent measures the focal length of a convex lens by putting an object pin at a distance ‘u’ from the

\\\\
\
(B) Virtual erect image cannot be formed (Q) Converging beam incident on a convex mirror lens and measuring the distance ‘v’ of the image pin. The graph between ‘u’ and ‘v’ plotted by the student

\\\\
should look like- [AIEEE - 2008]

\\\ \\\
\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\
v(cm) v(cm) v(cm) v(cm)

(1) (2) (3) (4)

\\\\
O u(cm) O u(cm) O u(cm) O u(cm)

\
(C) Real inverted image cannot be formed (R) Object placed in front of a lens having the
shape as shown 3. A transparent solid cyclindrical rod has a refractive index of
2
. It is surrounded by air. A light ray is
3
incident at the mid-point of one end of the rod as shown in the figure. [AIEEE - 2009]

(D) Virtual inverted image cannot be formed(S) Object placed infront of a lens having the The incident angle  for which the light ray grazes along the wall of the rod is :-
shape as shown
 2   1  1   3
(1) sin–1   (2) sin–1   (3) sin–1  2  (4) sin–1  2 
 3  3    

4. Let the x–y plane be the boundary between two transparent media. Medium 1 in z  0 has a refractive
(T) Object placed infront of a silvered lens as shown index of 2 and medium 2 with z < 0 has a refractive index of 3 . A ray of light in medium 1 given
\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\


by the vector A  6 3 ˆi  8 3 ˆj  1 0kˆ is incident on the plane of separation. The angle of refraction in medium
lr 2 is :- [AIEEE - 2011]
(1) 60° (2) 75° (3) 30° (4) 45°
5. A car is fitted with a convex side-view mirror of focal length 20 cm. A second car 2.8 m behind the first
car is overtaking the first car at a relative speed of 15 m/s. The speed of the image of the second car as
seen in the mirror of the first one is:- [AIEEE- 2011]
1 1
(1) 10 m/s (2) 15 m/s (3) m/ s (4) m/ s
10 15
6. When monochromatic red light is used instead of blue light in a convex lens, its focal length will :-
[AIEEE- 2011]
(1) Does not depend on colour of light (2) Increase
(3) Decrease (4) Remain same
7. A beaker contains water up to a height h1 and kerosene of height h2 above watger so that the total height
of (water + kerosene) is (h1 + h2). Refractive index of water is µ1 and that of kerosene is µ2. The apparent
shift in the position of the bottom of the beaker when viewed from above is :- [AIEEE- 2011]
 1  1 
(1)  1  1  h 2   1  1  h 1 (2)  1  h1   1   h 2
 µ1   µ2   µ1   µ2 
 1  1   1  1 
(3)  1   h 1   1   h 2 (4)  1   h 2   1   h 1
 µ1   µ2   µ1   µ2 

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 61 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 62
8. An object 2.4 m in front of a lens forms a sharp image on a film 12 cm behind the lens. A glass plate 1 14. A convex lens is put 10 cm from a light source and it makes a sharp image on a screen, kept 10 cm from
the lens. Now a glass block (refractive index 1.5) of 1.5 cm thickness is placed in contact with the light
cm thick, of refractive index 1.50 is interposed between lens and film with its plane faces parallel to film.
source. To get the sharp image again, the screen is shifted by a distance d. Then d is:
At what distance (from lens) should object be shifted to be in sharp focus on film ?
(1) 0.55 cm away from the lens (2) 1.1 cm away from the lens [JEE MAINS-2019]
[AIEEE- 2012] (3) 0.55 cm towards the lens (4) 0
(1)5.6 m (2) 7.2 m (3) 2.4 m (4) 3.2 m
15. Two plane mirrors are inclined to each other such that a ray of light incident on the first mirror (M1) and
9. The graph between angle of deviation () and angle of incidence (i) for a triangular prism is represented parallel to the second mirror (M2) is finally reflected from the second mirror (M2) parallel to the first
by [JEE Mains- 2013] mirror (M1). The angle between the two mirrors will be : [JEE MAINS-2019]
(1) 90° (2) 45° (3) 60° (4) 75°
16. The variation of refractive index of a crown glass thin prism with wavelength of the incident light is
(1) (2) (3) (4) shown. Which of the following graphs is the correct one, if Dm is the angle of minimum deviation?
[JEE MAINS-2019]
10. Diameter of a plano-convex lens is 6cm and thickness at the centre is 3 mm. If speed of light in material
of lens is 2 × 108 m/s, the focal length of the lens is : [JEE Mains–2013]
(1) 15 cm (2) 20 cm (3) 30 cm (4) 10 cm

11. Monochromatic light is incident on a glass prism of angle A. If the refractive index of tge material of the
prism is , a ray, incident at an angle , on the face AB would get transmitted through the face AC of
the prism provided : [JEE Mains–2015]

(1) (2)

B C

   1  1  

  1   1
(1)   sin 1  sin  A  sin 1     (2)   cos  sin  A  sin     
            

1
  1  1  
 1
  1  1  

(3)   cos  sin  A  sin      (4)   sin  sin  A  sin      (3) (4)
           
12. In an experiment for determination of refractive index of glass of a prism by i –  , plot, it was found that
a ray incident at angle 35°, suffers a deviation of 40° and that it emerges at angle 79°. In that case which
17. An object is at a distance of 20 m from a convex lens of focal length 0.3 m. The lens forms an image of
of the following is closest to the maximum possible value of the refractive index ? [JEE Mains–2016]
(1) 1.6 (2) 1.7 (3) 1.8 (4) 1.5 the object. If the object moves away from the lens at a speed of 5 m/s, the speed and direction of the
image will be : [JEE MAINS-2019]
13. A diverging lens with magnitude of focal length 25 cm is placed at a distance of 15 cm from a converging (1) 0.92 × 10–3 m/s away from the lens (2) 2.26 × 10–3 m/s away from the lens
lens of magnitude of focal length 20 cm. A beam of parallel light falls on the diverging lens. The final image (3) 1.16 × 10–3 m/s towards the lens (4) 3.22 × 10–3 m/s towards the lens
formed is : [JEE Mains–2017]
(1) real and at a distance of 40 cm from convergent lens. 18. A monochromatic light is incident at a certain angle on an equilateral triangular prism and suffers minimum
(2) virtual and at a distance of 40 cm from convergent lens. deviation. If the refractive index of the material of the prism is 3 , then the angle of incidence is :-
(3) real and at a distance of 40 cm from the divergent lens. [JEE MAINS-2019]
(4) real and at a distance of 6 cm from the convergent lens. (1) 45° (2) 90° (3) 30° (4) 60°

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 63 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 64
19. A point source of light, S is placed at a distance L in front of the centre of plane mirror of widthd which 23. A thin lens made of glass (refractive index = 1.5) of focal length ƒ = 16 cm is immersed in a liquid of
is hanging vertically on a wall. A man walks in front of the mirror along a line parallel to the mirror, at a refractive index 1.42. If its focal length in liquid is ƒ l , then the ratio ƒ l / ƒ is closest to the integer :
distance 2L as shown below. The distance over which the man can see the image of the light source inthe [JEE Main-2020]
mirror is : [JEE MAINS-2019] (1) 1 (2) 17 (3) 9 (4) 5

24. The critical angle of a medium for a specific wavelength, if the medium has relative permittivity 3 and
4
relative permeability for this wavelength will be: [JEE Main-2020]
3
(1) 60° (2) 30° (3) 45° (4) 15°

25. The magnifying power of a telescope with tube length 60 cm is 5. What is the focal lengthy of its eye
d piece? [JEE Main-2020]
(1) d (2) 2d (3) 3d (4) (1) 20 cm (2) 10 cm (3) 40 cm (4) 30 cm
2
26. A point object in air is in front of the curved surface of a plano-convex lens. The radius of curvature of
20. What is the position and nature of image formed by lens combination shown in figure?(f1, f2 are focal the curved surface is 30 cm and the refractive index of the lens material is 1.5, then the focal length of the
lengths) [JEE MAINS-2019] lens (in cm) is ____________. [JEE Main-2020]

27.

A spherical mirror is obtained as shown in the figure from a hollow glass sphere. If an object is positioned
20 in front of the mirror, what will be the nature and magnification of the image of the object ? (Figure drawn
(1) cm from point B at right , real (2) 70 cm from point B at left; virtual as schematic and not to scale) [JEE Main-2020]
3
(1) Erect, virtual and magnified (2) Inverted, real and unmagnified
(3) 70 cm from point B at right, real (4) 40 cm from point B at right; real (3) Inverted, real and magnified (4) Erect, virtual and unmagnified

21. A plano-convex lens (focal length f2, refractive index 2, radius of curvature R) fits exactly into a 28. A light ray enters a solid glass sphere of refractive index  = 3 at an angle of incidence 60°. The ray
plano-concave lens (focal length f1, refractive index 1, radius of curvature R). Their plane surfaces are
is both reflected and refracted at the farther surface of the sphere. The angle (in degrees) betweenthe
parallel to each other. Then, the focal length of the combination will be : [JEE MAINS-2019]
reflected and refracted rays at this surface is______. [JEE Main-2020]
2f1f 2 R
(1) f  f (2)    (3) f1 – f2 (4) f1 + f2
1 2 2 1 29. An observer can see through a small hole on the side of a jar (radius 15 cm) at a point at height of15
cm from the bottom (see figure). The hole is at a height of 45 cm. When the jar is filled with a liquid
22. Formation of real image using a biconvex lens is shown below : up to a height of 30 cm the same observer can see the edge at the bottom of the jar. If the refractive
index of the liquid is N/100, where N is an integer, the value of N is …… . [JEE Main-2020]

If the whole set up is immersed in water without disturbing the object and the screen position, what will
one observe on the screen ? [JEE MAINS-2019]
(1) Erect real image (2) Image disappears (3) Magnified image (4) No change

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30. When an object is kept at a distance of 30 cm from a concave mirror, the image is formed at a distance 36. A prism of angle A = 1° has a refractive index  = 1.5. A good estimate for the minimum angle of
of 10 cm from the mirror. If the object is moved with a speed of 9 cms–1, the speed (in cms–1) with which deviation (in degree) is close to N/10. Value of N is _______. [JEE Main-2020]
image moves at that instant is _____________ . [JEE Main-2020]
37. A point like object is placed at a distance of 1m in front of a convex lens of focal length 0.5 m. Aplane
31. The distance between an object and a screen is 100 cm. A lens can produce real image of the object on mirror is placed at a distance of 2 m behind the lens. The position and nature of the final image formed by
the screen for two different positions between the screen and the object. The distance between these the system is : [JEE Main-2020]
 N  (1) 1 m from the mirror, virtual (2) 1 m from the mirror, real
two positions is 40 cm. If the power of the lens is dose to   D where N is an integer, the value of (3) 2.6 m from the mirror, real (4) 2.6 m from the mirror, virtual
 100 
N is______. [JEE Main-2020]
38. A short straight object of height 100 cm lies before the central axis of a spherical mirror whose focal
length has absolute value |f| = 40cm. The image of object produced by the mirror is of height 25 cm and
32. A double convex lens has power P and same radii of curvature R of both the surfaces. The radius of
has the same orientation of the object. One may conclude from the information : [JEE Main-2021]
curvature of a surface of a plano-convex lens made of the same material with power 1.5 P is:
[JEE Main-2020] (1) Image is real, same side of concave mirror.
(2) Image is virtual, opposite side of concave mirror.
R 3R R
(1) (2) 2R (3) (4) (3) Image is real, same side of convex mirror.
2 2 3
(4) Image is virtual, opposite side of convex mirror.
33. In a compound microscope, the magnified virtual image is formed at a distance of 25 cm from the eye-
39. Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
piece. The focal length of its objective lens is 1 cm. If the magnification is 100 and the tube length of the
[JEE Main-2021]
microscope is 20 cm, then the focal length of the eye-piece lens (in cm) is ______.
Assertion A : For a simple microscope, the angular size of the object equals the angular size of the
[JEE Main-2020]
image.
Ans. (5) Reason R : Magnification is achieved as the small object can be kept much closer to the eye than 25 cm
and hence it subtends a large angle. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate
34. For a concave lens of focal length f, the relation between object and image distances u and v, respectively, answer from the options given below :
from its pole can best be represented by (u = v is the reference line): [JEE Main-2020] (1) A is true but R is false
(2) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(3) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(4) A is false but R is true

40. A point source of light S, placed at a distance 60 cm infront of the centre of a plane mirror of width 50
(1) (2) cm, hangs vertically on a wall. A man walks infront of the mirror along a line parallel to the mirror at a
distance 1.2 m from it (see in the figure). The distance between the extreme points where he can seethe
image of the light source in the mirror is .......... cm. [JEE Main-2021]

(3) (4)

35. A compound microscope consists of an objective lens of focal length 1 cm and an eye piece of focal
length 5 cm with a separation of 10 cm. The distance between an object and the objective lens, at which
n
the strain on the eye is minimum is cm. The value of n is ____________ . [JEE Main-2020]
40

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 EXERCISE (JA) 8. An object is approaching a thin convex lens of focal length 0.3 m with a speed of 0.01 m/s. Find the
1. A convex lens of focal length 30 cm forms an image of height 2 cm for an object situated at infinity. If a magnitudes of the rates of change of position and lateral magnification of image when the object is at a
convcave lens of focal length 20 cm is placed coaxially at a distance of 26 cm in front of convex lens then distance of 0.4 m from the lens. [IIT JEE-2004]
size image would be [IIT JEE-2003 (Scr)] 3
9. The ratio of powers of a thin convex and thin concave lens is and equivalent focal length of their
(A) 2.5 cm (B) 5.0 (C) 1.25 (D) None 2
combination is 30 cm. Then their focal lengths respectively are [IIT JEE-2005 (Scr)]
2. A meniscus lens is made of a material of refractive index 2. Both its surfaces have radii of curvature R. (A) 75, – 50 (B) 75, 50 (C) – 15,10 (D) – 75, 50
It has two different media of refractive indices 1 and 3 respectively, on its two sides (see figure).
Calculate its focal length for 1 < 2 < 3, when light is incident on it as shown. [IIT JEE-2003] 10. Figure shows object O. Final image I is formed after two refractions and one reflection is also shown in
figure. Find the focal length of mirror. (in cm) : [IIT JEE-2005 (Scr)]
 1 < 2 < 3
1 2 3

15cm
R R

25cm
n=4/3

33.25cm
3. A ray of light is incident at the glass–water interface at an angle i, it emerges finally parallel to the surface
I
of water, then the value of µg would be : Air [IIT JEE-2003]
O
(A) (4/3) sin i r
w = 4/3 (A) 10 (B) 15 (C) 20 (D) 25
(B) 1/sin i
r 11. Two identical prisms of refractive index 3 are kept as shown in the figure. A light ray strikes the first
(C) 4/3 Water
(D) 1 Glass prism at face AB. Find, B D [IIT JEE-2005]
i
60° 60°
4. White light is incident on the interface of glass and air as shown in the figure. If green light is just totally
internally reflected then the emerging ray in aircontains [IIT JEE-2004 (Scr)] 60° 60°
A C E

Green (a) the angle of incidence, so that the emergent ray from the first prism has minimum deviation.
Glass (b) through what angle the prism DCE should be rotated about C so that the final emergent ray also has
minimum deviation.
White 12. AB and CD are two slabs. The medium between the slabs has refractive index 2. Find the minimum
(A) yellow, orange, red (B) violet, indigo, blue angle of incidence of Q, so that the ray is totally reflected by both the slabs. [IIT JEE- 2005]
(C) all colours (D) all colours except green A Q = 2 B
5. A ray of light is incident on an equilateral glass prism placed on a horizontal table. For minimum deviation
= 2
which of the following is true ? [IIT JEE-2004 (Scr)]
(A) PQ is horizontal R C = 3 D
Q P
(B) QR is horizontal 13. A point object is placed at a distance of 20 cm from a thin plano-convex lens of focal length 15 cm,if the
(C) RS is horizontal S plane surface is silvered. The imagewill form at [IIT JEE-2006]
(D) Either PQ or RS is horizontal. P A
15cm
6. A point object is placed at the centre of a glass sphere of radius 6 cm and refractive index 1.5. The
distance of the virtual image from the surface of the sphere is [IIT JEE-2004 (Scr)] O
(A) 2 cm (B) 4 cm (C) 6 cm (D) 12 cm L
20cm
7. Figure shows an irregular block of material of refractive index 2 . A ray of light strikes the face AB as
shown in the figure. After refraction it is incident on a spherical surface CD of radius of curvature 0.4 m B
and enters a medium of refractive index 1.514 to meet PQ at E. Find the distance OE upto two places (A) 60 cm left of AB (B) 30 cm left of AB (C) 12 cm left of AB (D) 60 cm right of AB
of decimal. [IIT JEE-2004] 14. Parallel rays of light from Sun falls on a biconvex lens of focal length f and the circular image of radius r
B C is formed on the focal plane of the lens. Then which of the following statement is correct?
45° (A) Area of image r2 directly proportional to f [IIT-JEE 2006]
P O Q (B) Area of image r2 directly proportional to f2 (C) Intensity of image increases if f is increased.
E
=1 = 2 =1.514 r 2
60° (D) If lower half part is converted by black sheet the area of the image is equal to
A D 2
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15. Some laws/processes are given in Column-I. Match these with the physical phenomena given in 20. Two beams of red and violet colours are made to pass separately through a prism (angle of the prism is
Column-II. [IIT JEE-2006] 60°). In the position of minimum deviation, the angle of refraction will be: [IIT JEE-2008]
Column-I Column-II (A) 30° for both the colours (B) greater for the violet colour
(A) Intensity of light received by lens (P) Radius of aperture (R) (C) greater for the red colour (D) equal but not 30° for both the colours
(B) Angular magnification (Q) Dispersion of lens
21. A light beam is traveling from Region I to Region IV (Refer Figure). The refractive index in Regions I, II,
(C) Length of telescope (R) Focal length f0, fe
(D) Sharpness of image (S) Spherical aberration n0 n0 n0
III and IV are n0, , and , respectively. The angle of incidence  for which the beam just
2 6 8
16. The graph between object distance u and image distance v for a lens is given below. The focal lengthof
misses entering Region IV is figure [IIT JEE-2008]
the lens is : [IIT JEE-2006]

Region I Region II Region III Region IV

n0
— n0
— n0
—
n0  2 6 8

0 0.2m 0.6m

1  3  1  1  1 1  1 
(A) sin   (B) sin   (C) sin 1   (D) sin  
4 8 4 3
22. An optical component and an object S placed along its optic axis are given in Column I. The distance
between the object and the component can be varied. The properties of images are given in Column II.
Match all the properties of images from Column II with the appropriate components given in Column
(A) 5 ± 0.1 (B) 5 ± 0.05 (C) 0.5 ± 0.1 (D) 0.5 ± 0.05 I Indicate your answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles of the 4 × 4 matrix given in the ORS.
[IIT JEE-2008]
17. A ray of light travelling in water is incident on its surface open to air. The angle of incidence is, which is Column I Column II
less than the critical angle. Then there will be [IIT JEE-2007]
(A) only a reflected ray and no refracted ray
S
(B) only a refracted ray and no reflected ray (A) (P) Real image
(C) a reflected ray and a refracted ray and the angle between them would be less than 180° – 2
(D) a reflected ray and a refracted ray and the angle between them would be greater than 180° – 2
18. Statement-1 S
The formula connecting u, v and f for a spherical mirror is valid only for mirrors whose sizes are very (B) (Q) Virtual image
small compared to their radii of curvature. because [IIT JEE-2007]
STATEMENT-2
Laws of reflection are strictly valid for plane surfaces, but not for large spherical surfaces. S
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1 (C) (R) Magnified image
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
S
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True (D) (S) Image at infinite

19. In an experiment to determine the focal length (f) of a concave mirror by the u-v method, a student
23. A ball is dropped from a height of 20 m above the surface of water in a lake. The refractive index of
places the object pin A on the principal axis at a distance x from the pole P. The student looks at the pin water is 4/3. A fish inside the lake, in the line of fall of the ball, is looking at the ball. At aninstant, when
and its inverted image from a distance keeping his/her eye in line with PA. When the student shifts his/her the ball is 12.8 m above the water surface, the fish sees the speed of ball as [ g = 10 m/s2.]
eye towards left, the image appears to the right of the object pin. Then : [IIT JEE-2007] [IIT JEE- 2009]
(A) x < f (B) f < x < 2f (C) x = 2f (D) x > 2f (A) 9 m/s (B) 12 m/s (C) 16 m/s (D) 21.33 m/s

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24. A student performed the experiment of determination of focal length of a concave mirror by u-v method 29. Image of an object approaching a convex mirror of radius of curvature 20 m along its optical axis is
using an optical bench of length 1.5 m. The focal length of the mirror used is 24 cm. The maximum error 25 50
in the location of the image can be 0.2 cm. The 5 sets of (u, v) values recorded by the student (in cm) observed to move from m to m in 30 seconds. What is the speed of the object in km per hour?
3 7
are : (42, 56), (48, 48), (60, 40), (66, 33), (78, 39). The data set(s) that cannot come from experiment [IIT JEE-2010]
and is (are) incorrectly recorded, is (are) : [IIT-JEE 2009]
(A) (42, 56) (B) (48, 48) (C) (66, 33) (D) (78, 39)  5
30. A large glass slab     of thickness 8 cm is placed over a point source of light on a plane surface. It
 3
25. A biconvex lens of focal length 15 cm is in front of a plane mirror. The distance between the lens and the is seen that light emerges out of the top surface of the slab from a circular area of radius R cm. What is
mirror is 10 cm. A small object is kept at a distance of 30 cm from the lens. The final image is the value of R? [IIT JEE-2010]
(A) virtual and at a distance of 16 cm from the mirror
(B) real and at a distance of 16 cm from the mirror 31. A light ray traveling in glass medium is incident on glass-air interface at an angle of incidence . The
(C) virtual and at a distance of 20 cm from the mirror reflected (R) and transmitted (T) intensities, both as function of , are plotted. The correct sketch is
(D) real and at a distance of 20 cm from the mirror [IIT JEE-2010] [IIT JEE- 2011]

26. A ray OP of monochromatic light is incident on the face AB of prism ABCD near vertex B at an incident
angle of 60° (see figure). If the refractive index of the material of the prism is 3 , which of the following
B (A) (B) (C) (D)
is (are) correct? [IIT JEE-2010]
O 60° C
(A) The ray gets totally internally reflected at face CD P 135°
(B) The ray comes out through face AD
(C) The angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray is 90° 4 7
(D) The angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray is 120° 90° 75° 32. Water (with refractive index = ) in a tank is 18 cm deep. Oil of refractive index lies on water making
A D 3 4
27. Two transparent media of refractive indices 1 and 3 have a solid lens shaped transparent material of a convex surface of radius of curvature ‘R = 6 cm’ as shown. Consider oil to act as a thin lens. An object
refractive index 2 between them as shown in figures in Column II. A ray traversing these media is also ‘S’ is placed 24 cm above water surface. The location of its image is at ‘x’ cm above the bottom of the
shown in the figures. In Column I different relationships between 1, 2 and 3 are given. Match them to tank. Then 'x'is [IIT JEE-2011]
the ray diagrams shown in Column II. [IIT JEE-2010] S
Column I Column II =1.0
R=6cm
=7/4
(A) 1 < 2 (P) 3 2 1
=4/3

(B) 1 > 2 (Q) 3 2 1 33. A biconvex lens is formed with two thin plano-convex lenses as shown in the figure, Refractive indexn of
the first lens is 1.5 and that of the second lens is 1.2. Both the curved surfaces are of the same radius of
curvature R = 14 cm. For this biconvex lens, for an object distance of 40 cm,the image distance willbe:
(C) 2 = 3 (R) 3 2 1 [IIT JEE-2012]
n=1.5
n=1.2

(D) 2 > 3 (S) 3 2 1

R=14cm
(T) (A) –280.0 cm (B) 40.0 cm (C) 21.5 cm (D) 13.3 cm
3 2 1

28. The focal length of a thin biconvex lens is 20 cm. When an object is moved from a distance of 25 cm in
m 25
front of it to 50 cm, the magnification of its image changes from m25 to m50. The ratio m is
50
[IIT JEE-2010]

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 Paragraph for Questions 34 and 35 Match the paths in List I with conditions of refractive indices in List II and select the correct answer using
Most materials have the refractive index, n>1. So, when a light ray from air enters a naturally occurring the codes given below the lists :
sin 1 n 2 List I List II
material, then by Snell's law,  , it is understood that the refracted ray bends towards the
sin 2 n1 P. e f 1. 1  2  2
normal. But it never emerges on the same side of the normal as the incident ray. According to
Q. e g 2.  2  1 and  2  3
c
electromagnetism, the refractive index of the medium is given by the relation, n      r  r , where R e h 3. 1  2
v
c is the speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, v its speed in the medium, r and r are the relative S e i 4.  2  1  2  2 and  2  3
permittivity and permeability of the medium respectively. Codes :
In normal materials, both r and r are positive, implying positive n for the medium. When both r and r P Q R S P Q R S
are negative, one must choose the negative root of n. Such negative refractive index materials can now (A) 2 3 1 4 (B) 1 2 4 3
be artificially prepared and are called meta-materials. They exhibit significantly different opticalbehaviour, (C) 4 1 2 3 (D) 2 3 4 1
without violating any physical laws. Since n is negative, it results in a change in the direction ofpropagation
of the refracted light. However, similar to normal materials, the frequency of light remains unchanged 39. A transparent thin film of uniform thickness and refractive index n1 = 1.4 is coated on the convex spherical
upon refraction even in meta-materials. [IIT JEE-2012] surface of radius R at one end of a long solid glass cylinder n1
34. For light incident from air on a meta-material, the appropriate ray diagram is of refractive index n2 = 1.5, as shown in the figure. Rays of light parallel to the axis
of the cylinder traversing through the film from air to glass get focused at distance Air n2
f1 from the film, while rays of light traversing from glass to air get focused at
1 1 1 1 distance f2 from the film. Then
Air Air Air Air
(A) (B) (C) (D) [IIT JEE Adv.-2014]
Meta-material Meta-material 2 Meta-material Meta-material (A) |f1| = 3R (B) |f1| = 2.8 R (C) |f2| = 2R (D) |f2| = 1.4 R
2 2
2
40. A point source S is placed at the bottom of a transparent block of height 10 mm and refractive index
35. Choose the correct statement. 2.72. It is immersed in a lower refractive index liquid as shown in the figure. It is found that the light
(A) The speed of light in the meta-material is v = c |n| emerging from the block to the liquid forms a circular bright spot of diameter 11.54 mm on the top of the
c block. The refractive index of the liquid is [IIT JEE Adv.-2014]
(B) The speed of light in the meta-material is v 
|n| Liquid
(C) The speed of light in the meta material is v = c.
(D) The wavelength of the light in the meta-material (m) is given by m = air |n|, where air is the Block
wavelength of the light in air

36.
1
2
 
A ray of light travelling in the direction ˆi  3 ˆj is incident on a plane mirror. After reflection, it (A) 1.21 (B) 1.30
S
(C) 1.36 (D) 1.42
41. Four combinations of two thin lenses are given in List I. The radius of curvature of all curved surfaces is
travels along the direction
1 ˆ
2
i 3 ˆ
j 
. The angle of incidence is: [IIT JEE-2013] r and the refractive index of all the lenses is 1.5. Match lens combinations in List I with their focal length
(A) 30° (B) 45° (C) 60° (D) 75° in List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists. [IIT JEE Adv.-2014]
37. The image of an object, formed by a plano-convex lens at a distance of 8 m behind the lens, is real and List I List II

is one-third the size of the object. The wavelength of light inside the lens is 2/3 times the wavelength in
P. 1. 2r
free space. The radius of the curved surface of the lens is : [IIT JEE-2013]
(A) 1 m (B) 2 m (C) 3 m (D) 6 m
38. A right angled prism of refractive index µ1 is placed in a rectangular block of refractive index µ2, which is
Q. 2. r/2
surrounded by a medium of refractive index µ3, as shown in the figure. A ray of light 'e' enters the
rectangular block at normal incidence. Depending upon the relationships between µ1, µ2, and µ3, it takes
one of the four possible paths 'ef', 'eg', 'eh' or 'ei'. [IIT JEE-2013]
f R. 3. –r
45°
e g
1 h
i S. 4. r
2 3

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 Code:
45. For two structures namely S1 with n1  45 / 4 and n 2  3 / 2 and S2 with n1 = 8/5 and n2 = 7/5 and
(A) P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4 (B) P-2, Q-4, R-3, S-1
(C) P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3 (D) P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-4 taking the refractive index of water to be 4/3 and that of air to be 1, the correct option(s) is(are)
16
42. Consider a concave mirror and a convex lens (refractive index = 1.5) of focal length 10 cm each, (A) NA of S1 immersed in water is the same as that of S2 immersed in a liquid of refractive index
separated by a distance of 50 cm in air (refractive index = 1) as shown in the figure. An object is placed 3 15
at a distance of 15 cm from the mirror. Its erect image formed by this combination has magnificationM1. 6
(B) NA of S1 immersed in liquid of refractive index is the same as that of S2 immersed in water
When the set- up is kept in a medium of refractive index 7/6, the magnification becomes M2. The 15
M2 4
magnitude (C) NA of S1 placed in air is the same as that of S2 immersed in liquid of refractive index
M1 is [IIT JEE Adv.-2015] 15
(D) NA of S1 placed in air is the same as that of S2 placed in water
46. If two structures of same cross-sectional area, but different numerical apertures NA1 and NA2
15 cm (NA2 < NA 1) are joined longitudinally, the numerical aperture of the combined structure is
NA1NA 2
50 cm (A) NA  NA (B) NA1 + NA2 (C) NA1 (D) NA2
1 2

43. Two identical glass rods S1 and S2 (refractive index = 1.5) have one convex end of radius of curvature
10 cm. They are placed with the curved surfaces at a distance d as shown in the figure, with their axes 47. A parallel beam of light is incident from air to an angle  on the side PQ of a right angled triangular prism
(shown by the dashed line) aligned. When a point source of light P is placed inside rod S1 on its axis at of refractive index n  2 . Light undergoes total internal reflection in the prism at the face PR when 
a distance of 50 cm from the curved face, the light rays emanating from it are found to be parallel to the has a minimum value of 45°. The angle  of the prism is [IIT JEE Adv.-2016]
axis inside S2. The distance d is [ IIT JEE Adv.-2015] P

S1 P S2 

 cm d n= 2
Q R
(A) 60 cm (B) 70 cm (C) 80 cm (D) 90 cm (A) 15° (B) 22.5° (C) 30° (D) 45°
48. A plano-convex lens is made of a material of refractive index n. When a small object is placed 30 cm
44. A monochromatic beam of light is incident at 600 on one face of an equilateral prism of refractive index
away in front of the curved surface of the lens, an image of double the size of the object is produced. Due
n and emerges from the opposite face making an angle (n) with the normal (see the figure). For n= 3 to reflection from the convex surface of the lens, another faint image is observed at a distance of 10 cm
d away from the lens. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true? [IIT JEE Adv.-2016]
the value of  is 600 and  m The value of m is [IIT JEE Adv.-2015]
dn (A) The refractive index of the lens is 2.5
(B) The radius of curvature of the convex surface is 45 cm
(C) The faint image is erect and real
(D) The focal length of the lens is 20 cm
60° 
49. A transparent slab of thickness d has a refractive index n (z) that increases with z. Here z is the vertical
distance inside the slab, measured from the top. The slab is placed between two media with uniform
Paragraph (For questions No. 45 & 46) refractive indices n1 and n2 (> n1), as shown in the figure. A ray of light is incident with angle i from
Light guidance in an optical fiber can be understood by considering a structure comprising of thin solid medium 1 and emerges in medium 2 with refraction angle f with a lateral displacement l.
glass cylinder of refractive index n1 surrounded by a medium of lower refractive index n2. The light
n1= constant i
guidance in the structure takes place due to successive total internal reflections at the interface of the 1
media n1 and n2 as shown in the figure. All rays with the angle of incidence i less than a particular value im n(z)
are confined in the medium of refractive index n1. The numerical aperture (NA) of the structure is defined z
d
as sin im. [IIT JEE Adv.-2015]
n1 > n1
Cladding n2 2
Air n2= constant l
f
 Core
i n1 Which of the following statement (s) is (are) true? [IIT JEE Adv.-2016]
(A) n1 sin i = n2 sin f (B) n1 sin i = (n2 – n1) sin f
(C) l is independent of n2 (D) l is dependent on n (z)

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 77 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 78
50. A small object is placed 50 cm to the left of a thin convex lens of focal length 30 cm. A convex spherical 53. Sunlight of intensity 1.3 kW m–2 is incident normally on a thin convex lens of focal length 20 cm. Ignore
mirror of radius of curvature 100 cm is placed to the right of the lens at a distance of 50 cm. The mirror the energy loss of light due to the lens and assume that the lens aperture size is much smaller than its focal
is tilted such that the axis of the mirror is at an angle  = 300 to the axis of the lens, as shown in the figure. length. The average intensity of light, in kW m–2, at a distance 22 cm from the lens on the other side is
__________.
f = 30 cm
[IIT JEE Adv.-2018]

(–50, 0) (0,0) R x
=
10
0c 54. A wire is bent in the shape of a right angled triangle and is placed in front of a concave mirror of focal
50 cm m
length ƒ, as shown in the figure. Which of the figures shown in the four options qualitatively represent(s)
(50+50 3, –50)
the shape of the image of the bent wire? (These figures are not to scale.)
[IIT JEE Adv.-2018]
If the origin of the coordinate system is taken to be at the centre of the lens, the coordinates (incm) of the
point (x, y) at which the image is formed are [IIT JEE Adv.-2016]
 125 25 
(A) (0, 0) 
(B) 50  25 3, 25  (C) (25, 25 3) (D) 
 3
,
3


51. A monochromatic light is travelling in a medium of refractive index n = 1.6. It enters a stack of glass
layers from the bottom side at an angle  = 30°. The interfaces of the glass layers are parallel to each
other. The refractive indices of different glass layers are monotonically decreasing as nm = n – mn,
where nm is the refractive index of the mth slab and n = 0.1 (see the figure). The ray is refracted out
parallel to the interface between the (m – 1)th and mth slabs from the right side of the stack. What is the (A ) (B)
value of m? [IIT JEE Adv.-2017]
m n – m n
m–1 n – (m–1) n (C) (D)

~~ ~~ 55. A thin convex lens is made of two materials with refractive indices n1 and n2, as shown in figure. The
radius of curvature of the left and right spherical surfaces are equal, f is the focal length of the lens when
3 n – 3n n1 = n2 = n. The focal length is f + f when n1 = n and n2 = n + n. Assuming n << (n – 1) and 1 < n <
2 n – 2n 2, the correct statement(s) is/are, [JEE ADVANCED-2019]
1 n – n
n n f
 (1) If  0 then 0
n f

52. For an isosceles prism of angle A and refractive index , it is found that the angle of minimum deviation (2) For n = 1.5, n = 10–3 and f = 20 cm, the value of |f | will be 0.02
m = A. Which of the following options is/are correct ? [IIT JEE Adv.-2017] cm (round off to 2nd decimal place).
(A) At minimum deviation, the incident angle i1 and the refracting angle r1 at the first refracting surface are
f n
related by r1 = (i1 /2) (3) The relation between and remains unchanged if both the
(B) For this prism, the refractive index  and the angle of prism A are related as f n
convex surfaces are replaced by concave surfaces of the same radius of
1  curvature.
A= cos 1  
2 2 f n
(4) 
(C) For this prism the emergent ray at the second surface will be tangential to the surface when theangle f n
 2 A

of incidence at the first surface is i1 = sin–1 sin A 4 cos 2  1  cos A 
 
(D) For the angle of incidence i1 = A, the ray inside the prism is parallel to the base of the prism

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 79 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 80
56. A planar structure of length L and width W is made of two different optical media of refractive indices 4
n1 = 1.5 and n2 = 1.44 as shown in figure. If L >> W, a ray entering from end AB will emerge from end 60. A large square container with thin transparent vertical walls and filled with water (refractive index ) is
3
CD only if the total internal reflection condition is met inside the structure. For L = 9.6 m. if the incident
kept on a horizontal table. A student holds a thin straight wire vertically inside the water 12 cm from one
angle  is varied, the maximum time taken by a ray to exit the plane CD is t × 10–9 s, where t is _____.
of its corners, as shown schematically in the figure. Looking at the wire from this corner, another student
[Speed of light c = 3 × 108 m/s] [JEE ADVANCED 2019]
sees two images of the wire, located symmetrically on each side of the line of sight as shown. The
separation (in cm) between these images is____________. [JEE ADVANCED 2020]

57. Three glass cylinders of equal height H = 30 cm and same refractive index n = 1.5 are placed on a
horizontal surface as shown in figure. Cylinder I has a flat top. cylinder II has a convex top and cylinder
III has a concave top. The radii of curvature of the two curved tops are same ( R = 3 m). If H1, H2, and
H3 are the apparent depths of a point X on the bottom of the three cylinders, respectively, the correct
statement(s) is/are: [JEE ADVANCED 2019]

(1) H2 > H1 (2) H2 > H3 (3) H3 > H1 (4) 0.8 cm < (H2 –H1) < 0.9 cm

58. A monochromatic light is incident from air on a refracting surface of a prism of angle 75° and refractive
index n0 = 3 . The other refracting surface of the prism is coated by a thin film of material of refractive
index n as shown in figure. The light suffers total internal reflection at the coated prism surface for an
incidence angle of   60°. The value of n2 is _______. [JEE ADVANCED 2019]

59. An optical bench has 1.5 m long scale having four equal divisions in each cm. While measuring the focal
length of a convex lens, the lens is kept at 75 cm mark of the scale and the object pin is kept at 45 cm
mark. The image of the object pin on the other side of the lens overlaps with image pin that is kept at 135
cm mark. In this experiment, the percentage error in the measurement of the focal length of the lens
is_______. [JEE ADVANCED 2019]

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 81 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 82
 ANSWER KEY 3 5 5  4
19.  8 cm  d  2 cm  20. (i) 20, (ii) mm
Exercise (S-1)   9

1. 2mm 5
21. (i) 0 = 600 nm, n = 1.5 (ii) i = sin–1 (0.75) = 48.59° 22. cm
2. d/2 3. 16 mm3 4. 25 5. 2 8
 10  32 a a a 15R
6.  m 7. , Expanding 8. 5 23. ; ; 24. , 3R
 3  9 3 11 41 4

 3 ˆ 2 2 ˆ 1 ˆ (angle of incidence = 60°; r = 45°) 2

9. r i j k 25. (a) (b) Normal to surface (c) Retrace the path, 3z  x  10
5 2 5 2 3
26. (a) (3R2) (b) (2R2)
b(1   2 cos 2 )1/ 2
10. 11. 8 12. 42 cm
sin  p1
1 ii
13. (a) sin 1   ; (b) air 14.  = 53° 15.  < sin–1 (2 sin 15°)
5 i
i
8 4
O
16. mm 17. 18. 2 19. 30
3 3
27. (a) (True, False) (b) (c) 2 (d) 0.33 or 0.34
x
20. y  0.1
400
21. Real, below principal axis, anywhere b/w P & F1
r1
22. 53 23. 2h 24. d = 6 cm 25. 3
 2
26. (i) 0.2 m; (ii) 0.4 m   cm
27. 28. 17.5 cm
4 Exercise (O-1)
29. (a) f = –20 cm, (b) + 80 cm, convergent achromatic lens 1. A 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C
6. D 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. B
Exercise (S-2) 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. A
1. 32 2. 0180 3. 30 cm, –14 mm 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A
dy
4 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C
 cot i ; (ii) 1; (iii) y = k2  
x
4. (i) tan   (iv) 4.0, 1 ; (v) It will become parallel to x-axis 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. B
dx 4
31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. A
10 dI R 36. D 37. C 38. B
5. v1 = 20 cm; d0 = 10 cm;   d I  5 cm 6. 7. 16 feet
2 1 3 Exercise (O-2)
13 1. B,C 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. C
8. (n–1)R / (3n –1) 9.   , A  20 10. On the object itself
8 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. A
12. 81 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C
13. 15 cm left of the mirror, magnification = 1.5 (–15 cm, –1.5 cm; –15 cm, 0.3 cm) 16. A 17. ABC 18. ACD 19. A 20. C
21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. C
52
14. 0.25 a 15. 0.27 I 16. cm 26. A 27. B 28. AD 29. BC 30. BD
3 31. ABC 32. ACD 33. ABC 34. BCD 35. BCD
59 5 36. AD 37. ABD 38. AB 39. BC 40. AB
17. (a) vi = 4 cm/s downwards; (b) cm/s upwards 18. 41. BD 42. ABCD 43. BD 44. AC 45. AD
4 2
46. AD 47. D 48. C 49. C 50. B

NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 83 NUCLEUS-92, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota (Raj.) India 324005, Mob. 9358006181, 9783197831 84
51. D 52. B 53. C 54. C 55. A 56. C
57. A 58. A 59. A 60. B 61. A
62. (A) P; (B)Q; (C)RT; (D)PT;
63. (A) PQR; (B)Q; (C)S; (D)ST;
64. (A) PRST; (B)Q; (C)PQST; (D)PRST;

Exercise (J-M)
1. (2) 2. (3) 3. (2) 4. (4) 5. (4)
6. (2) 7. (3) 8. (1) 9. (3) 10. (3)
11. (4) 12. (4) 13. (1) 14. (1) 15. (3)
16. (1) 17. (3) 18. (4) 19. (3) 20. (3)
21. (2) 22. (2) 23. (3) 24. (2) 25. (2)
26. (60.00) 27. (3) 28. (90.00) 29. (158.00)
30. (1.00) 31. (5.00) 32. (4) 33. (5.00) 34. (1)
35. (50.00) 36. (5.00) 37. (3) 38. (4) 39. (2)
40. (150)

Exercise (J-A)
3R
1. A 2. f v 3. B 4. A
3  1

5. B 6. C

1.514  0.4
7.  6.06 m correct upto two places of decimal.
0.1
8. 0.09 m/s; Magnitude of the rate of change of lateral magnification is 0.3 s–1.
9. C
10. Actual Answer is 18.30 cm but nearest possible option is (C) 20 cm.
11. (a) i = 60°, (b) 60° (anticlockwise)
12. 60° 13. C 14. B
15. (A)P; (B)R; (C)R; (D) PQR; 16. B
17. C 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. B
22. (A)PQRS; (B)Q; (C)PQRS; (D) PQRS; 23. C 24. CD
25. B 26. ABC 27. (A)PR; (B)QST; (C)PRT; (D) QS;
28. 6 29. 3 30. 6 31. C 32. 2
33. B 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. C
38. D 39. AC 40. C 41. B 42. 7
43. B 44. 2 45. AC 46. D 47. A
48. AD 49. ACD 50. C 51. 8 52. ACD
53. 130.00 54. D 55. (1,2,3) 56. (50) 57. (1,2)
58. (1.50) 59. (0.69) 60. (2)

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