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Arduino Basics Full Document

Arduino is an open-source platform for building electronic projects, consisting of a microcontroller and an IDE for coding. It uses a simplified version of C++ and has a structure that includes a setup function for initialization and a loop function for repeated execution. The document also covers wiring basics, including connecting LEDs, buttons, and potentiometers with appropriate resistors and pin configurations.

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5 views2 pages

Arduino Basics Full Document

Arduino is an open-source platform for building electronic projects, consisting of a microcontroller and an IDE for coding. It uses a simplified version of C++ and has a structure that includes a setup function for initialization and a loop function for repeated execution. The document also covers wiring basics, including connecting LEDs, buttons, and potentiometers with appropriate resistors and pin configurations.

Uploaded by

zamrockkzbinarcidy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basics of Arduino Coding and Wiring

Arduino is an open-source platform used for building electronic projects. It consists of a


physical programmable circuit board (microcontroller) and an integrated development
environment (IDE) for writing and uploading code.

1. Basics of Arduino Coding

1.1 Arduino Programming Language


Arduino uses a simplified version of C++.

1.2 Structure of an Arduino Sketch


An Arduino program consists of two main functions:

Setup Function
Used to initialize settings.

void setup() {
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
}

Loop Function
Runs repeatedly after setup.

void loop() {
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
delay(1000);
}

2. Arduino Wiring

2.1 Digital and Analog Pins


Arduino has digital and analog pins for different functionalities. Digital pins (0-13) can be
set as input or output, while analog pins (A0-A5) are used for reading sensor values.

2.2 Connecting Components

2.2.1 Connecting an LED


To connect an LED, use a resistor (330Ω-1kΩ) to limit current and prevent damage.
Connect the longer leg (anode) to a digital pin and the shorter leg (cathode) to GND.

void setup() {
pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(9, HIGH);
delay(500);
digitalWrite(9, LOW);
delay(500);
}

2.2.2 Connecting a Button


A button can be used as an input device. When pressed, it connects the circuit. A pull-down
resistor (10kΩ) is recommended to ensure stable readings.

void setup() {
pinMode(2, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
int buttonState = digitalRead(2);
}

2.2.3 Connecting a Potentiometer


A potentiometer is an adjustable resistor used for variable input, like controlling brightness
or volume. It has three pins: connect the outer pins to 5V and GND, and the middle pin to an
analog input (A0).

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
Serial.println(sensorValue);
delay(100);
}

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