Design of Singly Reinforced Beam –

Example (Continuous Beam)

Karthikeyan K
SCE, VIT Chennai
Singly Reinforced Beam Design - Example
Design a five span continuous beam for the following data
C/C distance = 6.00 m
Beam thickness = 300 mm
Live load = 35 kN/m
Concrete grade = M30
Steel grade = Fe415
Nominal cover = 30 mm
Ends are pinned.
Design

Step 1: Geometry

Step 2: Load calculation and Analysis

Step 3: Check for Adequacy

Step 4: Calculation of Area of Steel

Step 5: Check for Shear

Step 6: Check for Deflection

Step 7: Drawing
Design
Step 1: Geometry
Effective span (Le) = centre to centre of support (Cl. 22.2 c,
IS 456: 2000)
Effective span (Le) = 6.00 m
Depth of the beam is obtained from
Span / d = 26 (Cl. 23.2.1 a, IS 456: 2000)
Assuming span / d = 12
Effective depth, d = 6000 / 12 = 500 mm
Effective cover, d’ = Nominal cover + stirrups thickness +
(main bar thickness / 2)

Effective cover, d’ = 30 + 8 + (25 / 2) = 50.5 mm

Overall depth, D = Effective depth (d) + Effective cover (d’)

Overall depth, D = 500 + 50.5 = 550.5 mm

Provide Overall depth, D = 600 mm

Revised effective depth, d = 600 – 50.5 = 549.5 mm

Assume width of beam = 300 mm

Self-weight of beam = 0.3 * 0.60 * 25 = 4.50 kN/m

Live load on beam = 35.00 kN/m

Total load on beam = 39.50 kN/m

Moment and Shear Force coefficients are taken from Table 12 &
13, IS 456: 2000, pp. 36.

Since the spans are equal, one end span, one interior span, one
support next to end support and one interior support are
considered for the design.
Continuous Beam – Moment and shear force coef.
BMD & SFD for Continuous Beam
Design for Flexure
Support next
Interior Near Middle
Description to end Interior Spans
Supports of end spans
supports
Moment
1/10 1/12 1/12 1/16
Coef.
Lef. 6.00 m 6.00 m 6.00 m 6.00 m
Total Load 39.50 kN/m 39.50 kN/m 39.50 kN/m 39.50 kN/m
(39.5*62)/10 (39.5*62)/12 (39.5*62)/12 (39.5*62)/16
M
= 142.2 kNm = 118.5 kNm = 118.5 kNm = 88.88 kNm
Mu = 1.5M 214 kNm 178 kNm 178 kNm 134 kNm
4.14*300* 4.14*300* 4.14*300* 4.14*300*
Mu,l (from
499.5^2 499.5^2 499.5^2 499.5^2
SP 16) kNm
= 309.87 = 309.87 = 309.87 = 309.87
Design for Flexure
Support next
Interior Near Middle
Description to end Interior Spans
Supports of end spans
supports
Mu < Mu,l Mu < Mu,l Mu < Mu,l Mu < Mu,l
Section
Singly R/F Singly R/F Singly R/F Singly R/F
Mu/bd^2 2.36 1.97 1.97 1.48
pt (Table 4) 0.728 0.595 0.595 0.437
Ast =
1201 mm^2 981 mm^2 981 mm^2 721 mm^2
ptbd/100
Bar Dia. 25φ 25φ 25φ 25φ
No. of bars 3 3 3 2
Ast.pro. 1473 mm^2 1473 mm^2 1473 mm^2 982 mm^2
Pt,pro 0.893 0.893 0.893 0.893
Design for Shear
Support next Support next
to end to end Interior
Description End supports
supports supports Supports
(Outer Side) (Inner Side)
Shear Coef. 0.4 0.6 0.55 0.5
0.4*39.5*6 0.6*39.5*6 0.55*39.5*6 0.5*39.5*6
V
= 94.8 kN = 142.2 kN = 130.35 kN = 118.5 kN
Vu = 1.5V 143 kN 214 kN 196 kN 178 kN
τv = Vu/bd 0.87 MPa 1.29 MPa 1.19 MPa 1.08 MPa
pt 0.595 0.595 0.595 0.595
τc 0.538 MPa 0.538 MPa 0.538 MPa 0.538 MPa
Vus = (τv –
54730 N 123967 N 107482 N 89348 N
τc) bd
Design for Shear
Support next Support next
to end to end Interior
Description End supports
supports supports Supports
(Outer Side) (Inner Side)
Stirrup Dia 8φ 8φ 8φ 8φ
No. of legs 2 2 2 2
Spacing 362 mm 160 mm 184 mm 222 mm
Sv,max. 300 mm 300 mm 300 mm 300 mm
Sv,provided 150 mm 150 mm 150 mm 150 mm
Step 6: Check for Deflection (end spans)

Actual span / d = 6000 / 549.5 = 10.91

Allowable span / d = 26 * MF (Cl. 23.2.1, IS 456: 2000)

MF = Modification factor obtained from fig. 4, IS 456: 2000

fs = 0.58 fy (Ast,required / Ast, provided)

fs = 0.58 * 415 * (981 / 982) = 240.45 N/mm2

MF = 1.15
Allowable span / d = 26 * 1.15 = 29.9

(Allowable span / d) ratio > (Actual span / d) ratio

So, the section is safe under deflection.