Importing the Dependencies

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from xgboost import XGBRegressor
from sklearn import metrics

Data Collection & Processing

# loading the data from csv file to a Pandas DataFrame

calories = pd.read_csv('/content/calories.csv')

# print the first 5 rows of the dataframe

calories.head()

User_ID Calories
0 14733363 231.0
1 14861698 66.0
2 11179863 26.0
3 16180408 71.0
4 17771927 35.0

exercise_data = pd.read_csv('/content/exercise.csv')

exercise_data.head()

User_ID Gender Age Height Weight Duration Heart_Rate

Body_Temp
0 14733363 male 68 190.0 94.0 29.0 105.0
40.8
1 14861698 female 20 166.0 60.0 14.0 94.0
40.3
2 11179863 male 69 179.0 79.0 5.0 88.0
38.7
3 16180408 female 34 179.0 71.0 13.0 100.0
40.5
4 17771927 female 27 154.0 58.0 10.0 81.0
39.8

Combining the two Dataframes

calories_data = pd.concat([exercise_data, calories['Calories']],

axis=1)

calories_data.head()
 User_ID Gender Age Height ... Duration Heart_Rate Body_Temp
Calories
0 14733363 male 68 190.0 ... 29.0 105.0 40.8
231.0
1 14861698 female 20 166.0 ... 14.0 94.0 40.3
66.0
2 11179863 male 69 179.0 ... 5.0 88.0 38.7
26.0
3 16180408 female 34 179.0 ... 13.0 100.0 40.5
71.0
4 17771927 female 27 154.0 ... 10.0 81.0 39.8
35.0

[5 rows x 9 columns]

# checking the number of rows and columns

calories_data.shape

(15000, 9)

# getting some informations about the data

calories_data.info()

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 15000 entries, 0 to 14999
Data columns (total 9 columns):
# Column Non-Null Count Dtype
--- ------ -------------- -----
0 User_ID 15000 non-null int64
1 Gender 15000 non-null object
2 Age 15000 non-null int64
3 Height 15000 non-null float64
4 Weight 15000 non-null float64
5 Duration 15000 non-null float64
6 Heart_Rate 15000 non-null float64
7 Body_Temp 15000 non-null float64
8 Calories 15000 non-null float64
dtypes: float64(6), int64(2), object(1)
memory usage: 1.0+ MB

# checking for missing values

calories_data.isnull().sum()

User_ID 0
Gender 0
Age 0
Height 0
Weight 0
Duration 0
Heart_Rate 0
Body_Temp 0
Calories 0
dtype: int64

Data Analysis

# get some statistical measures about the data

calories_data.describe()

User_ID Age ... Body_Temp Calories

count 1.500000e+04 15000.000000 ... 15000.000000 15000.000000
mean 1.497736e+07 42.789800 ... 40.025453 89.539533
std 2.872851e+06 16.980264 ... 0.779230 62.456978
min 1.000116e+07 20.000000 ... 37.100000 1.000000
25% 1.247419e+07 28.000000 ... 39.600000 35.000000
50% 1.499728e+07 39.000000 ... 40.200000 79.000000
75% 1.744928e+07 56.000000 ... 40.600000 138.000000
max 1.999965e+07 79.000000 ... 41.500000 314.000000

[8 rows x 8 columns]

Data Visualization

sns.set()

# plotting the gender column in count plot

sns.countplot(calories_data['Gender'])

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/seaborn/_decorators.py:43:
FutureWarning: Pass the following variable as a keyword arg: x. From
version 0.12, the only valid positional argument will be `data`, and
passing other arguments without an explicit keyword will result in an
error or misinterpretation.
FutureWarning

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x7fcbbd756110>
# finding the distribution of "Age" column
sns.distplot(calories_data['Age'])

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/seaborn/distributions.py:2557:
FutureWarning: `distplot` is a deprecated function and will be removed
in a future version. Please adapt your code to use either `displot` (a
figure-level function with similar flexibility) or `histplot` (an
axes-level function for histograms).
warnings.warn(msg, FutureWarning)

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x7fcbbd200550>
# finding the distribution of "Height" column
sns.distplot(calories_data['Height'])

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/seaborn/distributions.py:2557:
FutureWarning: `distplot` is a deprecated function and will be removed
in a future version. Please adapt your code to use either `displot` (a
figure-level function with similar flexibility) or `histplot` (an
axes-level function for histograms).
warnings.warn(msg, FutureWarning)

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x7fcbb1ed3d10>
# finding the distribution of "Weight" column
sns.distplot(calories_data['Weight'])

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/seaborn/distributions.py:2557:
FutureWarning: `distplot` is a deprecated function and will be removed
in a future version. Please adapt your code to use either `displot` (a
figure-level function with similar flexibility) or `histplot` (an
axes-level function for histograms).
warnings.warn(msg, FutureWarning)

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x7fcbb1e2c190>
Finding the Correlation in the dataset

1. Positive Correlation
2. Negative Correlation
correlation = calories_data.corr()

# constructing a heatmap to understand the correlation

plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
sns.heatmap(correlation, cbar=True, square=True, fmt='.1f',
annot=True, annot_kws={'size':8}, cmap='Blues')

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x7fcbd5c75650>
Converting the text data to numerical values

calories_data.replace({"Gender":{'male':0,'female':1}}, inplace=True)

calories_data.head()

User_ID Gender Age Height ... Duration Heart_Rate Body_Temp

Calories
0 14733363 0 68 190.0 ... 29.0 105.0 40.8
231.0
1 14861698 1 20 166.0 ... 14.0 94.0 40.3
66.0
2 11179863 0 69 179.0 ... 5.0 88.0 38.7
26.0
3 16180408 1 34 179.0 ... 13.0 100.0 40.5
71.0
4 17771927 1 27 154.0 ... 10.0 81.0 39.8
35.0

[5 rows x 9 columns]

Separating features and Target

X = calories_data.drop(columns=['User_ID','Calories'], axis=1)
Y = calories_data['Calories']

print(X)

Gender Age Height Weight Duration Heart_Rate Body_Temp

0 0 68 190.0 94.0 29.0 105.0 40.8
1 1 20 166.0 60.0 14.0 94.0 40.3
2 0 69 179.0 79.0 5.0 88.0 38.7
3 1 34 179.0 71.0 13.0 100.0 40.5
4 1 27 154.0 58.0 10.0 81.0 39.8
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
14995 1 20 193.0 86.0 11.0 92.0 40.4
14996 1 27 165.0 65.0 6.0 85.0 39.2
14997 1 43 159.0 58.0 16.0 90.0 40.1
14998 0 78 193.0 97.0 2.0 84.0 38.3
14999 0 63 173.0 79.0 18.0 92.0 40.5

[15000 rows x 7 columns]

print(Y)

0 231.0
1 66.0
2 26.0
3 71.0
4 35.0
...
14995 45.0
14996 23.0
14997 75.0
14998 11.0
14999 98.0
Name: Calories, Length: 15000, dtype: float64

Splitting the data into training data and Test data

X_train, X_test, Y_train, Y_test = train_test_split(X, Y,

test_size=0.2, random_state=2)

print(X.shape, X_train.shape, X_test.shape)

(15000, 7) (12000, 7) (3000, 7)

Model Training

XGBoost Regressor

# loading the model

model = XGBRegressor()

# training the model with X_train

model.fit(X_train, Y_train)

[10:06:32] WARNING: /workspace/src/objective/regression_obj.cu:152:

reg:linear is now deprecated in favor of reg:squarederror.

XGBRegressor(base_score=0.5, booster='gbtree', colsample_bylevel=1,

colsample_bynode=1, colsample_bytree=1, gamma=0,
importance_type='gain', learning_rate=0.1,
max_delta_step=0,
max_depth=3, min_child_weight=1, missing=None,
n_estimators=100,
n_jobs=1, nthread=None, objective='reg:linear',
random_state=0,
reg_alpha=0, reg_lambda=1, scale_pos_weight=1, seed=None,
silent=None, subsample=1, verbosity=1)

Evaluation

Prediction on Test Data

test_data_prediction = model.predict(X_test)

print(test_data_prediction)

[129.06204 223.79721 39.181965 ... 145.59767 22.53474

92.29064 ]

Mean Absolute Error

mae = metrics.mean_absolute_error(Y_test, test_data_prediction)

print("Mean Absolute Error = ", mae)

Mean Absolute Error = 2.7159012502233186