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you are in the right place to learn to become a data analyst in this massive boot
camp Alex the analyst will cover all the core topics that data analysts need to
know and along the way you'll build plenty of projects to gain hands-on experience
hello everybody my name is Alex freeberg better known as Alex the analyst on
YouTube and in this video you're going to be taking my entire data analyst boot
camp this boot camp is comprised of videos that I've made over the past 3 years and
they

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cover a lot of different topics like SQL Excel powerbi tableau and python
throughout the boot camp there are a lot of Hands-On guided projects that will
really help you learn these skills well and speaking of projects there's an entire
Part near the end where you can build a free portfolio website where you can put
all of your projects on so that hiring managers and recruiters can go and look at
all these projects that you've built if you wanted to go even more in depth into
the skills that we

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learn in this boot camp I have a data analytics learning platform called analyst
Builder analy Builder was designed specifically for data analyst so all of the
courses and all the content are just for you and it has a coding section where you
can learn and practice for technical interviews and lastly before we jump into the
boot camp I want to give a huge shout out to free code camp for putting this all
together personally learned a ton from free code camp and so I'm really honored
that my boot camp is going to be here for you

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guys to learn and I really hope you enjoy it what's going on everybody it is 2023
and in this video I'm going to help you become a data [Music] analyst we're going
to start at the very beginning assuming you haven't started this process at all of
becoming a data analyst if you already have you can kind of find IDE identify where
you are in this process and then go from there now before we dive into everything I
want to warn you I will be mentioning my own channel a lot in this video I have

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videos and playlists on just about every single topic that we're going to be
talking about today I'll have all the links to those videos in the description so
you can dive into those topics more in depth so I hope that's okay and it's all
completely free I've been building this out for the past 3 years and honestly you
can probably get 90% of the way to learning everything you need for data analytics
just on my channel so now that I've warned you let's J been of number one and that
is learn the data

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analyst skills now there are literally a hundred different things that you can
learn for data analytics you can learn things like alter X or a cloud platform or
different programming languages but there are some core skills that I recommend you
start out with before kind of branching into some of those other skills the number
one skill that I always recommend people start with is SQL SQL is just one of those
fundamental skills I think everybody should learn even if you don't use SQL you'll
use
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some variation of SQL if your company has a large enough data set SQL is used to
actually query and retrieve data from a database so if your company collects data
which every company does they're going to put it somewhere to store it's usually
stored in a database and sqls how you get that data from the database I think SQL
is also fairly easy to learn which makes it really good when you're just starting
out I have several playlists dedicated to SQL starting from beginner all the way to
Advanced and you

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can learn all of that for free one other reason why I think you should learn SQL
first is that a lot of companies interview or have a technical interview during the
interview process on SQL that's something that really caught me off guard when I
was first starting out out because I thought it was going to be more behavioral I
didn't even know what a technical interview was so knowing SQL actually became a
really important part of interviewing and getting a job as a data analyst the
second skill that I

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would learn is a business intelligence tool like Tableau or powerbi now there are a
ton of different bi tools I can literally name 10 off the top of my head that I've
used throughout my career but what I will say is that learning something like
Tableau or powerbi is pretty transferable to almost all those other bi tools
they're all fairly similar and how they do things and how they show display the
data you most likely won't have a technical interview asking you about Tableau or
powerbi like

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to build something for them that usually does not happen but the combination of SQL
where you can query your data and then taking that data to build something that is
a really really great combination to learn right away I have entire series on both
Tableau and powerbi with projects on my channel the third skill that I would learn
is Excel now most people have used Excel they know what Excel is and how it's used
but it can be used a little bit differently for a data analyst for example example

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in Excel a lot of people haven't cleaned data in Excel or built charts and graphs
using Excel and those are things that data analysts would probably do excel is also
just a fundamental skill that every company is going to expect you to know so I
have an entire playlist dedicated to excel to actually walk you through how to use
it for data analysis the fourth skill that I recommend you learn is python now a
lot of people will have python higher up on their list they only use Python they
don't use SQL or a bi

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tool they just do everything in Python now python is a fantastic tool you can use
it to manipulate your data to create data visualizations and a ton more like web
scraping and regular expression and a hundred different other things but it can be
kind of hard to learn it took me a long time to really learn the basics very well
that's really the only reason why it is farther back I feel like SQL and a bi tool
are really easy to learn and really pack a big punch whereas python can be quite
tough to learn in my
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experience and you may not use it as often as you would something like SQL or a bi
tool if you're interested in learning py python I have an entire series dedicated
to python as well as projects that you can build again I warned you there's going
to be a lot of self-promotion in this video I have videos on just about every
single one of these topics the fifth and the last skill that I recommend you
learning and this is the only one that I don't have a series on yet I will make
those is

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learning a cloud platform like AWS Google Cloud platform or Azure there's no
denying that these platforms have played a huge impact in how we use data as a
whole in the data analyst industry they can be kind of tough to learn though if you
aren't using it Hands-On in an actual job I think that learning a cloud platform is
already something that most people should start working towards because in the
future it's only going to become more prevalent now where can you go and actually
learn all of these

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skills that you need to become a data analyst well the number one place I'd
recommend of course is my channel I have free tutorials on all these skills and a
lot of other topics and I think it's just a really great place to start the next
place that I recommend you looking at is udemy I recommend udemy especially if
you're just starting out because it's pretty pretty cheap you can buy an entire
course entire SQL course for $10 or $15 and they have courses on every single one
of these skills and I just

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recently made a video called DIY data analysts curriculum using udemy for under $75
so you can create an entire curriculum to learn all of these skills for under $75
which is just amazing the next place I'm going to recommend you look is corsera now
udemy is fantastic they have really good instructors and good courses but as a
whole I find that sometimes corsera just has more professional or better content
corsera is a bit more expensive though you're looking at $59 per month for all of

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their courses or you can pay upfront an annual fee of $399 so again it's just a lot
more expensive I moved to corsera once I started having a data analyst job and had
a bit more money but when I was first starting out I just couldn't afford it so I
went to udemy and it was a really great place to start there's also places like
data camp and data Quest that kind of gamify learning and they're more text based
so all these other platforms udem me corsera and me they're all video based but if
you like

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reading data camp and data Quest are a lot more of text where you can learn it by
reading it and doing it after you learn all of these skills the next thing that I
recommend you do is actually build projects with those skills now what is building
a project actually mean it means taking a skill and then building something out of
it that you can then show a potential employer for example if you went through and
learn Tableau you go and take a data set and you could build a visualization and a
dashboard in tableau and that would be a
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project with these projects you can build something called a portfolio and I
usually call it a portfolio website a portfolio website is a website that you
create where you store all of your projects and then you can share that with
recruiters and hiring managers so that they can see all of your work now do you
absolutely need a portfolio to show employers no you don't but it does help in two
different ways the first thing that it may do is actually help you land the
interview if you have a link on your resume and they click on it

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they may see your skills and see your projects and be like man this person really
knows what they're doing this is exactly what we need the second reason that I
recommend building projects is because most likely during your interview you're
going to get asked questions like how have you used SQL how have you used Tableau
and if you don't have any experience in that you're just going to say well you know
I've taken courses to learn it but with a project you can be a lot more specific
you'll be

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able to say well I actually just built out this project in Tableau I took the data
and cleaned it in Excel and then I put it in Tableau and built out this Dash board
and here are the insights that I found from this data set it's just a much better
answer and as a hiring manager myself I can tell you that it is definitely
beneficial to build out these projects The Next Step that I recommend you take in
becoming a data analyst is building a data analyst resume the resume to say the
least is extremely important it's what's going to

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actually allow you to land an interview to potentially get a job now if you were
like me when I was first starting out I had a resume it just had nothing to do with
data analytics so how do you make a data analyst resume if you don't have any
experience as a data analyst well you are asking the perfect questions because the
very first things that we talked about are what are going to go on your resume
those skills and those projects if you have no experience or degree like myself who
has a recreational therapy degree if you have

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no background in this it can be really daunting to kind of display that you know
what you're doing and that a company should hire you so what I usually recommend is
right beneath your contact at the top you put your skills and your projects that
you built out on your resume things like work experience and education should go on
your resume as well but just a little bit lower you want them to see those things
before they see that your last work experience was at Domino's and you have a
degree in

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Marine Biology it's just not relevant to data analysis and if you put those things
at the top they're probably going to rule you out right away the fourth step to
become a data analyst is actually applying you have the skills you have the
projects you have the resume now you're ready to start applying for those data
analyst jobs now there's there's a lot of different opinions on how you need to go
about applying for data analyst jobs but I'll give you my take on it and this has
been
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the most successful for me in my career the first thing I want to mention is
actually what I would not do which is just blindly apply on glass door monster zip
recruiter and all these other platforms to just any data analyst job that you can
find now I'm not against this I think you should do that but I don't think that's
the only thing that you should do because the chances of you getting a call back or
actually hearing something back are extremely low to really increase your chance of
becoming

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a data analyst I highly highly highly recommend working with a recruiter a
recruiter is literally someone who is there to help you find a job now when I first
started out I didn't understand what a technical recruiter was at all I was kind of
nervous or scared to work with him but it's actually pretty simple a company has a
position that they want to fill and they don't want to spend hours and hours and
hours to find someone to fill that position so they hire a recruiter a recruiter is
going to

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go out and try to find someone to fill that position AKA you and so if you go into
talk to that recruiter and they have a position that opens up they will help you
get that interview and then if you get a job let's say for $50,000 the company is
going to pay that recruiter let's say 10% of your salary so they'll give them
$5,000 so you don't actually lose or have anything to lose using a recruiter you
can reach out to Recruiters in several ways and I've done every variation but I'll
tell you my

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most successful way which was using LinkedIn there are tens of thousands of
Recruiters on LinkedIn I made an entire video of how you can reach out to
recruiters and what to St Recruiters on LinkedIn to help you land a job so be sure
to check out that video when you actually get to that point but you can also just
cold email and cold call these recruiting companies but to me it's just not as
effective as reaching out directly on LinkedIn and this is just a bonus one the
last thing that you need

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to do is accept a job offer so on step number four after you apply to those jobs
you do actually have to go in interview and then get a job offer which you will
accept I just thought I'd mentioned that just in case that was not super clear now
that was a lot of stuff let's talk about time frames to actually complete all of
these things now doing all of these things from scratch is going to take a while
but let's break it down by each step and see how long I generally think it's going
to take let's

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start with step number one which is actually learning the skills now just to be up
front this one probably is going to take the longest for most people for most
people to learn all of these skills it's going to take around 3 to four months now
if you don't learn a cloud platform and python which are the last ones that I
recommend and you just focus on SQL a to in Excel I think you can do that in under
3 months that is very dependent though on how much time you have to study that time
frame is more

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for someone who has several hours per day maybe 3 hours in the end of a night after
you go to work that is someone who has quite a bit of time to dedicate to learning
during their week of course that time frame is going to take longer if you don't
have as much time to dedicate to learning now let's look at number two which was
creating projects and a portfolio of projects from my experience when you're first
starting out it takes a lot longer to actually create these projects it can take
one

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one or two weeks per project I usually recommend people doing three to five
projects in their portfolio before they start applying and since they can take
anywhere from 1 to two weeks you're looking at anywhere from 3 to 6 weeks The Next
Step was to create a data analyst resume now in my opinion this one should take the
shortest out of every single step here because you're really just kind of
reformatting a resume or creating a resume you're just adding skills you're adding
your

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projects and then kind of reformatting it to make it look nice this should
hopefully take under a week but if you use something like a professional service so
they help you build a resume it could take one to two weeks the two last steps
which kind of go hand inand are step four and five which is actually applying for
jobs and then Landing a job now this process can take as little as a month or it
can take as long as 6 months or a year it really depends on how you're applying
where you're applying

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and just the kind of luck that you're having with actually Landing interviews I've
seen people who have never had any experience land a job within a month of starting
to apply and it's incredible it's amazing but it doesn't happen too often you're
usually looking at around 2 to 4 months on average to land your first data analyst
job if you put all of those together and kind of average everything out you're
looking at around 6 months total for the entire process now I don't want that to
discourage you

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okay 2023 is a long year you have a lot of time and it doesn't have to take 6
months you could do it faster you could do it in three months and just prove me
wrong but if you are really focused and you are really driven to become a data
analyst this year I know that you can do it now to maybe boost your spirits and
make you feel a little bit better I didn't know any of these things when I first
started out I didn't have anyone telling me kind of a plan on what to do I had to
go out and figure all these

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things out by myself and it took me almost a year to land my first real data
analyst job so with all that being said I hope that this video is helpful I hope
you now have a path on how to become a data analyst this year and that my channel
can be a big part of that so thank you guys so much for watching I really
appreciate it if you like this video be sure to like And subscribe below and I'll
see you in the next video [Music] what's going on everybody my name is Alex
freeberg and in today's video we're

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going to be starting our basics of SQL series now in this series we're going to be
going over everything you need just to get started and then in future videos we're
going to be going over some intermediate Concepts and some more advanced concepts
and then in the final series we're going to be going over some portfolio projects
in this video in particular we're going to be downloading SQL Server Studio we're
going to be creating our tables inserting data into our tables and in future videos
we're

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going to actually learn how to query those tables if you already have SQL Server
management Studio downloaded you can skip ahead to where we actually create the
tables and insert the data into the tables if you don't care about that at all and
you're just looking at a query I would skip to the next video where we actually
start quering the data that we inserted into those tables so to download SQL Server
management Studio we actually have to download two things and I have both links
right here I'm going

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to leave those in the descriptions that you guys have those but this one is to
actually download SQL Server management studio so let's go down here I actually
deleted it off my computer so I can walk through this with you guys so we're going
to download that let's also go over here this is actually a server so we have to
download a SQL server and if you go down right here there's a free version now I
don't need the developer version I'm just going to download the express version
it's actually smaller so

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let's download that as well now once this is done running we're going to open it up
and I'll show you what to do next so it just finished running let's click on it all
right so we need to install it we're going to click yes and this is going to take a
little while so this popped up I clicked install and it's been running for the past
couple minutes apparently I was not recording so I apologize for that but that's
all I did so now it's been installed I'm actually

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going to pull it up right here and let's open it up now when it pulls up it's going
to ask you to connect to a server and that's why we downloaded the SQL Express
server so let's connect to that and there you go it's as easy as that so now we
have SQL Server management Studio set up and we are good to go so the first thing
that we need to do is actually create a database so let's go over here to databases
and let's click new database and let's just do SQL tutorial keep it simple and if
we click

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that it's going to create our database for us now when you open up the database
there's going to be a lot of stuff you really do not need to know all this really
what we're going to be sticking to is this tables right here uh as of right now we
do not have any tables so we need to create tables now there's two ways that you
can do that you can click right here and you can go to new and create table we're
not actually going to do that we're going to create it using a script or a t-sql so
we're going to go

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over here and do new query and we will get started on actually creating uh the two
tables that we're going to be using for all the stuff going forward all right so
let's get rid of me CU you really don't need to be seeing me anymore let's get
started by doing our very first table which is going to be our employee
demographics table so let's start off by saying create table and we have to name it
so let's do employee demographics and enter down we want to do an open parenthesis
now we

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need to specify what our column names are going to be and what the data type is for
each column so let's start off with employee ID and we want that to be an integer
so that'll be like 1 2 3 4 uh anything numeric now we want to do first name and
let's make that varar 50 if you don't know what these data types are that's okay uh
that will probably be covered in a different video that's not really necessary for
this video uh let's do last name we'll also make that varar 50 let's do age make

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that an integer and very last let's do gender and we will make that varar 50 as
well so now we have our very first table let's run that and we'll see if it works
we'll go over here we'll refresh our tables and there you go so we have our very
first table let's go up here let's get rid of this one and now let's create our
second table so we're going to do basically the exact same thing but we're going to
have a little bit different information in it this is going to be

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our employee salary table so let's do create table and again we need to name it and
enter and open parenthesis so now we're going to do the same thing we're going to
do employee ID let's make that an integer now we want the job title because we want
to know what they do and this one is going to be varar 50 because we keep it pretty
simple whoops and then for our very last one we're going to do salary and that will
be integer as well and I'll just do PR here so let's create this

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table let's see if it is there and there we go so let's open up one of these tables
really quick see what's in there see what it looks like as you can see we do not
have any information in there uh when you create a new table sometimes when you
open it up you're going to see this if you want to get rid of that you just need to
do a I think it's called A Hard refresh or something like that but you can do
control shift R let's see if it works for me I just did it all right it

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goes away so now it recognizes it as a table so we're good there let's go back here
and let's get rid of all this we've already created our tables now we want to
insert the data into our tables so let's see what that looks like let's do insert
into and now we need to specify what table we're inserting our data into so let's
start off with employee demographics let's do values so now we have to select what
values we're going to put into um into this table so now we're going to have to do
the
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employee ID so let's do 101 then we're do first name so let's do Jim last name
Halpert and then his age let's say he's 30 and he is a male now just for fun let's
execute that let's go back to this table right here and execute and as you can see
all of our information actually went in there so now we have his employee ID his
first name his last name age and gender now we need a lot more information uh for
this table in order to actually learn a lot of the concepts of quering the table so

00:22:15
I'm actually going to go through and add a ton more information I'm not going to
bore you through that but I will show you the final product before I actually hit
execute so stick with me I'm actually just going to cut to the end where I insert
all my stuff down on here and then if you want that I'll probably leave it in the
description or maybe put in my GitHub or something so you can easily just go copy
and paste that if that's what you want to do so I'll see you in a few

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seconds all right so I have all my values right here I actually going to take this
one out cu I already did that one but this is our additional information let's
insert that into our table real quick and go back here and take a look at it and
there you go this is going to be our core information that we are querying off of
uh in future videos so that table is completely finished let's go back here we're
going to get rid of this because now we want to insert our information to our other
table so let's do insert into

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and let's do employee and now we're going to do salary so let's do values to
specify that we're inserting values into there and in this one we have employee ID
so again let's do in th1 that's gym his job title is salesman and let's say his
salary is $45,000 and let's execute that and you can't see it but down here it says
it's done let's go to that table and as you can see that is inserted I'm going to
do the exact same thing as I did before I am going to fill

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out all these and in a second it will be done uh on your side and then again I will
leave it in the description or I'm going to put it on my GitHub and you guys can
just copy and paste that if that's what you want to do or you can write it out
whatever you want to do all right just like before I'm going to get rid of this
first one that is Jim he is already done now let's insert this information Ed is
finished let's go back here and there we go now we have both of our tables and we
are good to go for

00:24:21
future videos so thank you so much for sticking all the way through this one in the
next video we're going to actually begin uh quering the table and learning the
select the from the where the group by and the order by statement everything is in
these upcoming videos so stick around and we will learn all of that together thank
you so much for joining me if you like this type of content be sure to subscribe
below and I'll see you in the next video what is going on everybody my name is Alex
freeberg and

00:24:47
in today's video we're going to be going over the select and the from statement so
if you joined us for our last video we went over creating our tables and inserting
data into those tables and so we have this employee demographics table and we also
have this employee salary table and today we're going to be walking through the
select statement in the fir statement on these tables so here are some of the
concepts that we're going to be going over today let's just get it started by doing
select

00:25:14
everything and let's do this from the employee demographics table so let's execute
this if we wanted to only show the first names we can just do first name and run
that and if we want first name and last name we can just separate that by using a
comma and it will return those well if we want to return all columns and all rows
then all we have to do is use this star so that's what the star does now we have
nine rows of data here and if we only wanted to return let's say the top five we
can easily do that and we can

00:25:53
just say top five of everything now the reason this could be useful is say you have
a table that has millions of rows in it and you only want a small sample you can
say select top 1,000 and when you do that it will only select the top five rows now
let's get everything back in here really quick because we're going to move on to
this distinct feature so when we use distinct we're actually saying that we want
the unique values in a specific column so if we say distinct and then let's do
employee ID

00:26:29
D everything should be returned so all nine rows should be returned and that's
because every single one of these are unique now let's try gender so there's only
going to be two results the male and the female and that's because there's only two
distinct values in that column now let's look at all of our data again so now we
want to look at count now count is very simple all is going to do is going to show
us all the non null values in a column so let's look at last name for example if we
do count of last

00:27:07
name all that's going to give us is a count of nine because we have nine last names
if for whatever reason somebody's last name was left out and that was null then it
would have returned maybe eight or seven depending on how many were actually in
there so if an entire column was null we it would be a Return To Zero and if you
notice we are not given a column name that's because this is derived information
based off the last name so if we want to actually give this a name so that that
column does not say

00:27:37
no column name we can use this as right here so once you put as you can actually
name it so since this is the count of the last name we'll write last name count
keep it simple and if we execute that as you can see we have last name count right
there so that's how you use that as let's look at all of our data again we want to
look at some Max mins and averages right now and the only column here where it
would be useful to do it on is age but let's actually go over and let's look at our
salary table
00:28:15
and at our salary table we have some really interesting salaries that I think would
be a little bit more useful for this information so let's go over to employee
salary all all right and let's look at this table really quick so we have our
salary now we want to look at the maximum salary that is in uh that column and that
is going to be $65,000 now let's say we wanted to know what the minimum salary was
let's execute this and the person who makes the least money is making $36,000 now
what's the average what is

00:28:54
the average salary for all employees that's going to be $ 48,5 so so super easy to
use all of these things they're extremely useful I use them every single day so I
know that each of these are very very useful and are definitely among the basics
that you have to know let's look real quick at everything really quick so we just
learned the select statement but learning this from statement really quick is also
important up here this actually shows us that we're already Hitting off the SQL
tutorial database

00:29:28
but let's say we change it to master when we try to run this it's going to give us
an error and that's because now we're hitting off this database and this database
does not have this table in it so in order to do this in order to still hit off
that table while up here we're actually hitting off a different table we can change
this information so the from statement you have to specify three separate things
the first thing that you need to specify is the database so let's

00:29:54
say we want to hit off the SQL tutorial database now we want to select what table
we're going to do this is actually a dbo so let's put dbo there's there's a lot
that can go into that um it's not worth getting into now but dbo do and let's do
employee salary when we execute this our information comes up even though up here
we're still hitting off the master database when we specify it right here then we
actually are choosing what database and what table a hit off of and

00:30:29
so it does not matter what it is up here so that's how you use the from statement
in the next video we're going to be going over the wear statement and then after
that the group by and order by statement and that will be the complete basics of
SQL tutorial and then we'll start getting into a little bit more fun stuff some
more advanced concepts which I think it be really really exciting for everybody to
learn thank you guys so much for joining me I really appreciate I hope this has
been helpful if you like

00:30:53
this type of content subscribe below and I'll see you in the next video thanks and
goodbye what's going on everybody my name is Alex freeberg and in this video we're
going to be going over the we statement and SQL in the very first video we created
our table inserted data into our table in the second video we went over the select
and the from statement and now we are on to the wear statements now what does the
wear statement do it helps limit the amount of data and specify what data you want
returned we have

00:31:19
quite a few Concepts that we're going to be covering today let's just start out
with something really easy let's do where first name equals gym really simple so
we're selecting everything where our first name equals gym and this is our output
so really really simple now let's try where it does not equal this right here says
does not equal gym and let's execute that and as you can see we have everybody
except Jim Halbert in there so now let's look at the greater than or

00:31:51
less than so in this table I think the one that we're going to look at is age so
let's look at age and let's do where it's greater than 30 and when we execute that
we're going to get everyone who is over the age of 30 now as you can see we're not
including people who are 30 years old if we want to include people who actually are
30 years old we're going to add the equal sign right there so we should be seeing
people who are now 30 so before Pam and Jim were not in there and now

00:32:21
they are if we do the exact same thing let's do less than 32 here's everyone that's
going to be included but if we want to include the people who are 32y old then we
are just going to add that equal sign and now the people who are 32 years old like
Toby and Meredith are now included if we want to go even further we want people who
are less than or equal than 32 and who are male we can say where gender equals male
so now we have two two things that we are specifying that we need we need

00:33:00
somebody whose age is less than 32 and we need their gender to be male so let's
execute that and we have four people who meet that criteria so that's what the and
statement does if we write or then only one of these criteria has to be correct in
order for it to be met so if we hit execute now we're saying anybody who's under
the age or equal to 32 or their gender equals male so if we look down here Michael
Scott is actually 35 years old so he's over 32 but since he is male he is now
included let's get rid

00:33:36
of everything really quick I want to look at this like really quick so let's
execute just that and if you do that you highlight just that hit execute then it uh
will only run what you have highlighted so now let's look at this whole table now
when you're using like you typically are doing this for sometimes numerical but
most of the time you're using it for text information so if we're looking at this
right here if I'm looking at last names and let's say I want everybody whose

00:34:06
last name starts with s you can't really do that with anything else so I'm going to
say where it's like and then I'm going to say s and after that I'm going to put a
percent sign that's actually called a wild card and if I close that off what this
is saying is is I want every last name where it starts with where it's like where
it only starts with an S so let's run this really quick now we have two people
whose last names start with s now if I put a wild card at the beginning we

00:34:39
are now saying where there's an S anywhere in anybody's name so let's execute this
and see what we get so now even if the S is like flenderson towards the end it's
still counts so you can specify multiple things in here as well so let's say I want
it to start with s that would return shre and Scott but now I want something that
also has an o in it so so it has an S at the beginning and then somewhere in there
there's an O now let's execute that and there's only one person that meets that
criteria so

00:35:11
you can do that for multiple things you can even say OT TT and let's execute that
and he's still going to be returned and if we put C at the back it's not going to
be returned because it follows it in order so isn't s o TT C the C would actually
need to go over here so now we have s c o t t and although there's a bunch of wild
cards in here it is going to return Scott so that is a little bit a little hint at
how you can use like there is a little bit more that goes into it you

00:35:49
can use it for numerics um there's a lot of things that you can use this for but
this is just the basics how you can use it today how you get started on using the
like a nutshell that is how you use like and as I said before you can use like with
numerical data as well but for demonstration purposes I wanted to use text Data
let's get rid of this really quick um let's look at our entire table and I wanted
to show you how to use null and not null I can't really show you how to use null
because I do

00:36:21
not have any null Fields I could easily update this table and make n but that's in
a future video where it's a little bit more advanced where you can start altering
your data but just for purposes of showing you what null and not null is let's do
where first name is null and if we see that is not going to return anything but if
we say is not null it's going to return everything because nothing in here is null
nothing in this first name column is null so that's how you use it um there are a
lot

00:36:58
of use cases where you actually will use null and not null that will be in future
videos probably in the project section or the portfolio section we weren't able to
show really how to use this super well but just as a demonstration that's really
all it does it looks at the whole column and whether it is null or not null that's
really all it's used for this is actually super useful and you can use it in a ton
of situations but again for demonstration purposes that's really all it does so
let's get rid of

00:37:25
this let's look at in really quick so in is kind of like the equal statement but
it's multiple equal statements so let's say we want to say we first name equals gy
and then we were like wait we also want to include Michael Scott so then we would
have to write and where first name equals and then we would do Michael and then etc
etc for anybody that we wanted to include but if we said in we could do an open
parentheses and then we can say gy we can say Michael and we can say as many people
as

00:38:08
we want going down the road just separating it by commas and if we had execute
everything would be returned so it really is just a condensed way to say equal for
multiple things so that is the we statement I think the wear statement can get
extremely complex but this really is highlighting the basics so if you can learn
all of these Concepts you will absolutely have the basics down and will be set to
go over some more intermediate and more advanced things with the we statement later
on in the next video

00:38:37
we're going to be going over the group buy and the order buy and then we are done
with the SQL Basics and then you can practice and work your way up into my
intermediate level videos which are going to be coming out very shortly after these
videos thank you guys so much for joining me if you like this tutorial Series be
sure to subscribe below and I'll see you in the next video going on everybody my
name is Alex freeberg and in today's video we're going to be going over the group
by and

00:39:00
the order by statements in previous videos we created tables we went over to select
the from and the where and now we are at the very end of our SQL basic series if
you stayed with us for the whole time hopefully you have learned a lot and learned
the basics of SQL in future videos we're going to be going over intermediate and
even more advanced concepts and even going through portfolio projects that you can
use to put on your resume if you like this type of content be sure to subscribe
below

00:39:27
but let's get into it for today the group by statement is similar to distinct in
the select statement in that it's going to show the unique values in a column the
difference is is if we say distinct gender what's going to be returned is the very
first unique value of female and the very first unique value of male but if we say
gender and we say Group by gender it's only going to return two values but in these
two values we actually have all the males rolled up into this one row and all the
females

00:40:07
rolled up into this one row now let me further show you what that means if I say
count of gender now you can see that this whole time there were six males in this
one row and there were three females in this one row so with a distinct it really
is only showing us what value is in there that's unique but with the group by it's
showing us what the unique value is but it's also rolling them all up into one
column that we can use it for other things now real quick I want to be able to see
both of these at the same time so

00:40:42
let's just put this up here and let's run this so we can actually see both now
let's add age to this statement down here or this query and let's only run this one
and I want to show you what happens and why it happens we're now looking at gender
age and then the count of gender so if we look down here we only have one male who
is 29 we have one male who is female that's age 30 and so on and so forth so none
of these people are both the same gender and the same age if for example

00:41:22
we had two or three people who were male and who were 30 years old then we would
have a two or a three over here so this count is actually being counted at each row
that's being returned so for our data that we have today this isn't a fantastic
example CU it really split it out there any that were the same but as you can see
you can put multiple columns as long as you put multiple down here now why did we
not have to put this count gender down here in this group by that's because this
count gender is

00:41:54
actually a derived field or derived column it's derived based off the gender column
so it's technically not a real column that's in the table it's one that we're
creating that's fictional uh per se so the age and the gender are actual fields or
actual columns that are in our table they have to be down here and like I said
before it's the comparison to that distinct in the select statement because we're
looking at the distinct of gender and age so we're saying distinct

00:42:25
across multiple columns both gender and age now as we had it before we were only
looking at gender it's going to roll all of those up into just male and female but
if we want to add more we can easily add more in this group by statement we can
still do things like where age is greater than 31 we can still do those things so
let's execute this and our numbers are going to change now we're doing it based off
gender and we're looking at the count of people whose age is greater than 31

00:42:59
which is smaller than before now let's look at order bu I'll do it down here really
quick for demonstration but I am eventually going to come up here and use it
because I think it'll be a little bit better to completely round out this query
down here let me give this a name let's do count of gender and then let's come down
here and let's order by uh let's order by count gender and when we run that it's
going to do 1 three and that's because as a default SQL has an ascending feature

00:43:34
which is going to be smallest to largest going down if we want to change that we
can change it to descending that's going to be largest to smallest so now we have
31 and if we want to do it based off gender and we do it descending now we have Z
to A and so that's going to be male female and if we get rid of that it's going to
do the the default ascending and let's see what that brings female male now for
what we're trying to do let's look at this large table so I think it's going to be
a little bit more

00:44:08
descriptive or a little bit better visually let's do order by and let's do age
let's run this and it's going to order smallest to largest if we do descending it's
going to do largest to smallest now you don't only have to do just one thing you
can do multiple columns so if I wanted to do age and then gender I can do that as
well so let's do gender and let's run that so now we have the age but under the age
we also have it ordered by female and that's an ascending order so AB BC d f so
females

00:44:52
first so it's going to be female first and then it's going to be male and again
female and male now we don't have to just let it be ascending for each one if I
wanted to do it reverse in this column I can do descending now let's run that and
when we have 30 now male is first and female second and if I wanted to do that over
here I can do descending and now we have them both descending so it's going to go
top to bottom and we have 32 it's going to be male 32 female so you
00:45:26
can specify lots of different things in here and we don't actually have to use
column names we could just use numbers so if I wanted to do 1 2 3 4 5 I could but
let's try to replicate the exact same thing before this would be column 1 2 three
four so let's do where four descending and then let's do five descending and if we
execute that it's going to give us the exact same result as if we' actually put in
the column name and I I do use this a lot oftentimes I don't use the column name I

00:46:00
just if it's a small table I'll just use the number so in my actual queries I do
this a lot where I just use the number instead of the column name so that is the
group buy and the order by statement and if you have walked through my previous
videos you should be completely done with the basics of SQL so congratulations the
next thing to do is really just practice the basics because the basics are what
you're going to be using day in day out and so what I would recommend is create a
few more tables

00:46:24
query those tables try to think of use cases and what you would actually want to
know from that information after that I would move on to my intermediate videos if
those are already out and then I would move on to my Advanced videos those are
going to go over some more challenging topics but things that would be very useful
for anybody to know in my next video I'm going to be going over intermediate SQL
topics things like joins and subqueries and a ton more so if I already have posted
those be sure

00:46:51
to go check those out on my page and if I haven't I hope to have those up soon
thank you thank you guys so much for watching I really appreciate it if you learned
anything in this basics of sequel Series be sure to subscribe below and I'll see
you in the next video what's going on everybody my name is Alex freeberg and today
we're going to be starting our intermediate SQL series if you joined us for our
last series we walked through the basics of SQL which is everything you needed just
to get

00:47:13
started and in this series we're going to be walking through some intermediate
Concepts to really take your skills up to the next level now today we're going to
be walking through joins but let me show you what you can expect from the entire
series for this intermediate course so we're going walking through joins today and
then in future videos we're walking through unions case statements updating and
deleting data Partition by data types aliasing creating views having versus the
group by statement the

00:47:42
get date function primary care of your foreign key and then we're going to have an
advanced course and this is not set in stone yet but these are some of the things
that I think I will be going through or walking through we're going through CTE CIS
tables or system tables subqueries temp tables string functions regular expression
store procedures and then importing and exporting data so with all that being said
let's get into it all right now let's get rid of me because we do not need to be
seeing me
00:48:11
for the rest of the series at the very top here are some of the things that we're
going to be going through today which are inner joins and then outer joins and in
the outer joins we have a few different styles or a few different types of outer
joins now a join is a way to combine multiple tables into a single output for now
we're going to be using the employee demographics and the employee salary table so
let's get a look at both of these tables and see what's in them in our employee

00:48:39
demographics table we have employee ID first name last name age and gender and then
down here in our employee salary table we have employee ID job title and salary if
you notice they have a similar column and that's going to be the employee ID now
when you're doing a join you have to do this based off a similar column and
typically you want it to be a unique field so we're going to be using the employee
ID from both tables to join these tables together to create one output so let's get
rid of this real

00:49:12
quick and let's start building our query to join these two tables together so the
first thing we're going to do is an inner join so let's do select everything and
let's do it from SQL tutorial. db. employee demographics and let's do join we can
also say inner join but join by default is going to say iner and we're going to do
SQL tutorial. db. employee salary now we have to join them together which is what
we talked about earlier and we're going to be doing that based

00:49:54
off the employee ID so for that we have to say on and then we're going to say
employee demographics dot employee ID is equal to employee salary dot employee ID
so let's run this real quick and take a look at the output and let me pull this up
real quick so what we are looking at is actually both tables combined we have the
employee ID first name last name age gender and then here's the salary employee ID
job title salary now an in join is really only going to show everything that is the
same so in both

00:50:41
tables there are employee IDs of 10001 all the way down to 10009 but if you notice
there is data that is missing real quick let's go down to this graphic and let's
look at this inner join an inner join is going to show everything that is common or
overlapping between table a and table B so what we are looking at here is exactly
that we're only looking at the things that are similar based off this employee ID
in both tables now let's change this join to a full outer join and let's run this
and see what we

00:51:23
get now if you notice the output is very different so let's take a look at it and
see why it's so different if you notice everything down till here is the exact same
so employees 101 down to 1009 are exactly the same but once we get down to row 10
it starts to get very different now we are joining these tables based off the
employee ID so for example right here Ryan Howard has an employee ID of 101 but as
you can see in this table for salaries there is no 101 employee ID so it has
nothing to link it to so because
00:52:04
of that it fills in everything as null because it has nothing to match on this
table and vice versa in the employee salary table there's a person in here that's a
Salesman and there's no employee ID at all which means all this information is
going to be null and we can see that in this diagram right here so this is the full
outer join right here and what it is saying is we are going to show everything from
table a and table B regardless of if it has a match based on what we were joining
them

00:52:34
on so even if table a has an employee ID but there's no employee ID in table B
we're still going to show it and vice versa so now let's look at a left outer join
a left outer join is going to take the left table and say we want everything from
the left table and everything that's overlook lapping but if it's only in the right
table we do not want it now what is the left and the right table the left table is
going to be our first table that we use our right table is going to be the second
table

00:53:06
that we use so we're going to look at everything in the employee demographics table
regardless of whether or not it has a match on the employee ID in the employee
salary table so this is what that looks like so as you can see this is our entire
table for employee demographics and down here we have three that have information
in the employee demographics table but have absolutely no information in any of the
employee salary table because there's nothing to match it on so this 101 is not in
this

00:53:37
table this 13 is not in this table and this one does not even have an employee ID
so we're not going to have a match at all and if we change that to the right you'll
see the exact opposite it's going to show us everything in the employee salary
table so now we have all of our information right here from the employee salary
table and if it doesn't match in this table it's just going to give nulls so down
here we have 1,0 and obviously there's not going to be anything associated with
that because

00:54:07
there's no 10,0 in the employee demographics table and for this one we have a
Salesman with no employee ID and since there's no employee ID to tie it to this
demographics table we're going to have nothing and we can see that in the diagram
right here so for the left outer join we're looking at everything in table a which
is our demographics table and in our right outer join looking at everything at
table B which is our salary table now let's pull this down a little bit so so far
we've only

00:54:36
been using the select star so we've been selecting everything and I only did that
just for demonstration purposes but you most likely would not be doing this when
you actually use these joins what you're probably going to want to do is Select
exactly what columns you want in your output so for example let's do employee ID
let's do first name last name and let's do job title and let's do salary and let's
try to run that really quick and as you can see it is not going to work now why is
that not working it's
00:55:19
not working because we have two Fields one in each of these tables and we have to
specify what employee ID we want because that is going to drastically change what
our output is so we have an employee ID in this table and in this table which one
do we want to use so for this demonstration let's use employeed demographics.
employee ID and let's actually just do an inner join because it's easier for the
output now let's run this and see what we get so as you can see we now have the

00:55:54
employee ID first name last name job title and salary now we're doing this with an
injoin based off the employee ID from the employee demographics table but if we use
the employee salary table it should give us the exact same output and that's cuz
we're using an in join and an in joint is only going to show us everything that
overlaps between both tables but now let's try a write outer join and let's run
this now we're using this employee ID from our employee salary table and since
we're doing a

00:56:27
write outer join we're going to get all the information from our employee salary
table and it does not have to be in our left table which is our employee
demographics table so if you look at the information down here this 110 is in the
employee salary table but it's in this position because that's what we're looking
at in our select statement and then over here we have our salary and since we have
information right here which is in our employee salary table but there is no
employee employe ID our

00:56:56
employee ID is null now let's change this to look at the employee demographics
employee ID and execute it as you can see that 110 is gone now we just have this
information right down here and we didn't have the employee ID for either of these
so it's going to show it regardless and that's again because we have a right outer
join and that's why we have no employee ID down here now let's do a left join and
it's basically going to do the opposite of what we just looked at now

00:57:30
we're looking at everything from our left table regardless of if it's in our right
table and so our left table is our employee demographics table and we are looking
at our employee demographics ID so with the employee demographics ID it's going to
show us the first name and the last name which is everything in our left table our
employee demographics table and since for these IDs or lack of IDs it's just going
to give us NES in all of these places if I change it right up here to the employee
salary employee

00:58:02
ID and I execute it because we're showing everything from our left table which is
our employee demographics table we are still going to see our names but since we're
using the employee ID from our right table now we're just going to have blanks in
this information and this information now let's look at a use case for these joins
let's say Robert California is pressuring Michael Scott to meet his quarterly quota
and Michael Scott is almost there he needs like a thousand more dollars and he
comes up
00:58:33
with the genius idea to deduct pay from the highest paid employee at his Branch
besides himself so how does he go about doing this and identifying the person that
makes the most money well of course he's going to come to SQL first so we actually
want to look at a full outer join real quick and let's just look at everything so
here's what we have we have the employee ID first name last name age gender
employee ID job title and salary now what information do we need to know to get the
information that

00:59:13
Michael Scott needs well we need the employee ID we want the first name and last
name so let's write all that real quick so employee ID we need first name name we
need last name and then we're also going to need the salary cuz we need to know who
is the highest paid employee so now let's do an injin because we really only want
to look at the employee IDs where we know what their name is and their salary is
and let's do this based off the employee demographics table really doesn't matter

00:59:49
for an in join but let's do that real quick so let's look at this so we have our
employee ID we have our first name our last name and our salary and we want to do
it where it's not Michael Scott and that's because Michael doesn't want to take
away his own money he wants to take away his employees money so let's do where
first name does not equal Michael and he knows that he's the only one that is not
named Michael so now we have our list and let's do order bu and let's do

01:00:25
salary and let's execute this and let's do descending so that we can get at the
very top and this is tough tough news for Dwight shut because it looks like he is
the highest paid employee besides Michael and so it looks like he is going to get a
cut in his pay this quarter so that Michael can meet his quota so that's just one
use case let's look at one more use case let's start out by getting rid of this and
looking at everything again so for our next use case Kevin Malone who is an
accountant thinks that

01:01:06
he may have made a mistake when looking at the average salary for our salesman now
Angela Martin is very good at SQL and so what she is going to do is she wants to go
in and calculate the average salary for our salesman so let's try to get that
information so all we're going to need is the job title and the salary so let's
come up here and let's get job title and let's get salary and let's look at this
and now we only want to look at where the job title is equal to salesman now the
very last thing we want

01:01:48
to do is we want to say we want the average of salary now since we're going to need
to do a group buy we're going to have to get rid of this salary and just take job
title write down here and do group by job title so we're going to have job title
and then the average salary and there you go we have the salesman and the average
salary is 52,000 so Angela now knows to go back and fix what Kevin made a mistake
on so that's how you use joins I will includ include this image in the description
so
01:02:27
you can go and look that up yourself if you are curious and want to look at that
that really helped me out when I was first getting started to kind of conceptualize
and understand what kind of data I was pulling based on what join I was using so I
hope that was useful to you as well in the very next video we're going to be
looking at the union so if that is posted be sure to check that out next thank you
guys so much for joining me I really appreciate it if you like this type of content
or got anything out

01:02:51
of it today be sure to smash the like button smash the Subscribe button and I'll
see see in the next video what's going on everybody my name is Alex free in today's
video we're going to be looking at unions now in the very last video we walked
through joins and I thought it was appropriate to look at unions next because
unions and joins are somewhat similar or closely related and that's because in both
instances they're combining two tables to create one output now what's the
difference the

01:03:18
difference is that a join combines both tables based off a common column and in
last video that was the employee ID so in both tables we had an employee ID and
when you're selecting your data you have to choose either to only select one
employee ID or you can choose both employee IDs but they're in separate columns and
with a union you're actually able to select all the data from both tables and put
it into one output where all the data is in each column and not separate it out and
you don't have to

01:03:51
choose which table you're choosing it from now that may not have made1 100% sense
but let's look at it real quick in stages so let's go down here and let's actually
join this table together and see what we get now the two tables that we're looking
at is employee demographics and warehouse employee demographics so over here we
have our employee demographics information and then over here or actually down here
we have our warehouse employee demographics now right now I'm doing a full outer

01:04:22
join so we're looking at all the data and if we were to pull this in to an Excel
spreadsheet we could just copy this and paste it over here and we would be good to
go and that's because we have all the same columns first name last name age gender
first name last name age gender but if we tried to combine this in a query where we
have this information right here it wouldn't work we cannot get it in the same
column and that's where a union comes into play so let's go back up here and let's
actually

01:04:53
run both of these now as you can see they have the exact same columns and that
makes it super easy for what we're about to do all we're going to do is between
these two queries which are completely separate right now all we're going to do is
write Union so let's run just this now because of the Union you can look down here
and the information that used to be in the other table which were in separate
columns are now added Down Below in the exact same order now Daryl filin was
actually in both tables and
01:05:34
the reason he isn't showing up multiple times is because this Union is actually
taking out and removing the duplicates kind of like a distinct statement now
there's actually another thing called Union all and if we do Union all it is going
to show us all of the information regardless if it is a duplicate or not so let's
run that real quick and they they are both there but let's order by and let's do
employee ID so now let's run it and as you can see right here these are exact

01:06:08
duplicates and so the union got rid of it because they were the exact same but the
union all kept it in because it is showing just the data as is now let's get rid of
this Union all because the only reason why it works so well is because those two
tables were exact same they were employee ID first name last name age gender so
they're basically the same tables just with different information so it made it
really easy but we have another table employee uh salary and let's look at these
two

01:06:42
tables so these two tables are obviously very different they hold different
information now we would still be able to combine them so let's do employee ID
first name and let's do age now down here on the employee salary table we will do
employee ID job title and salary now let's use a union really quick and run this
one and it is still going to work now why does this work well first off the the
reason it's working is because these data types are the exact same or at least
similar so text and text age which

01:07:32
is an integer salary which is an integer it has the same amount of columns so three
and three so we have employee ID first name and age and it's taking that from the
first select statement and it's still using a union to take the data from the
second select statement so it's still inserting this information now this is not
what you want to do because right here we have first name and it's salesman
salesman and then our age we have 30 45,000 and 45,000 is obviously not an age so
you want to be careful

01:08:04
when you're using a union to combine two separate tables and make sure that the
data you're selecting is the same in the very next video we're going to be walking
through case statements thank you guys so much for joining me I really appreciate
it if you like this type of content be sure to subscribe below and I'll see you in
the next video what is going on everybody my name is Alex freeberg and today we're
going to be walking through cas statements in SQL a case statement allows you to
specify a

01:08:28
condition and then it also allows you to specify what you want returned when that
condition is met so we're going to be using this employee demographics table that
we're looking at right here we're going to walk through the syntax of how to create
a case statement and then we're going to actually go into some use cases at the end
so let's start off by specifying what columns we want let's say we want the first
name we want the last name and we want want the age now let's just get that

01:08:58
information now for our case statement we're going to be using this age column so
we actually want the age to be in there so let's specify where age is not null and
run that so now we have a pretty good look at it and let's just order by H just to
clean it up a little bit so now let's start building our case statement so we're
going to say case and then we want to say when now we need to specify what
condition we want to look for so let's do when age is greater than 30 then then
what do we want to be

01:09:36
returned so we want to return that they are old else so that means anything that is
not over the age of 30 we want to return young and then you need to specify that
you done with the case statement and so you will write end at the very bottom so
this is our first case statement let's run it and see what we get so as you can see
a new column was created and if the person is over the age of 30 so 31 and up they
are given old and if they're not over the age of 30 they are given young now we can
do as many when and

01:10:13
then statements as we want so if we want to we can also do when the age is between
27 and 30 then we want to return young and anyone else we're going to call a baby
so now we have Ryan Howard as the baby anyone between 27 and 30 they're considered
young and anyone over the age of 30 is old now something to note is that the very
first condition that is met is going to be returned so if there are multiple
conditions that meet the criteria only the very first one is going to be return
returned and let's

01:10:55
demonstrate that real quick so if the age equals 38 then return Stanley because
that is Stanley uh and let's execute this real quick so right here I'm specifying
that if it's 38 it should return Stanley but he is right here and it still says old
and that's because this condition was already met now if we were to put this right
here it should work correctly and let's try it out so now because this condition is
met first it is going to return Stanley down here so now let's get into

01:11:33
our first use case let's start off by copying this and then commenting it out I
only did that because I don't want to rewrite it because I'm lazy uh let's get rid
of that and let's look at this real quick we are going to join on another table
that we have really fast um that's going to be SQL tutorial if you watched my other
videos then you know this table and we're going to do that on employee
demographics. employee ID is equal to employee salary. employee ID okay so let's
just

01:12:15
look at everything in these tables really quick now we are going to be focusing on
the job title in the salary column but we want their first name and last name as
well so let's start building that out let's do first name last name job title and
salary and let's look at this really quick so now we have our employees and here is
the situation we had a fantastic year this year selling paper and corporate has
allowed Michael Scott to give out a yearly raise to every single employee but not
every

01:12:45
employee is going to get the same raise because our salesmen are genuinely the
people who made us our money and they're going to get the biggest raises well other
people really aren't going to get that big of a raise so now let's go through and
create a case statement to calculate what their salary will be after they get their
raise so let's start off by saying case and when and we want it to say when job
title is equal to salesman so when they are a Salesman what do we want to happen so
this is

01:13:17
where the calculation occurs so we're going to take their salary and then we're
going to add their salary times how much their raise is going to be so the salesman
did really really well and we want to give them a 10% raise this year now when
their job title is equal to accountant then and we'll take their salary we will
give them let's give them a 5% raise still very generous there we we go and when
the job title is equal to HR then it's going to be the salary plus the salary times
and then we're going to do

01:14:14
01 all right and else we are just going to do salary plus salary oops let's do
parentheses times and let's just give everyone else a 3% rays and then we'll write
end now let's take a look at our results so here's what we have so far we have our
first name our last name our job title and our salary that is our current salary
and then we're going to have our salary after we get our raise so I'm going to
actually write that up here so let's do as salary a after raise and let's execute

01:14:57
that so let's look at these raises really quick so we have 45,000 and since he is a
Salesman he gets a 10% raise which is a raise of $4,500 so 45,000 plus $4,500 is
$49,500 and as you can see down here we have HR who is making $50,000 and now he is
making $5,000 5 so everybody got a raise so that is our case statement I hope that
was helpful I find myself using the case statement a lot when I'm wanting to
categorize things or label things and that's kind of what we did in the first
example and you can even do calculations

01:15:33
like we did in this use case so I hope that was helpful thank you guys so much for
watching I really appreciate it if you learned anything from this video be sure to
like And subscribe below and I'll see you in the next video what is going on
everybody my name is Alex fre and today we're going to be looking at the having
Clause now the having Clause I feels a little bit unappreciated in the SQL
Community I feel like it doesn't get a lot of love and so today I want to describe
how to use it and what it's

01:15:59
used for so before we use the having Clause I want to set up our query here uh we
want to use an aggregate function in the group by statement and then I will show
you how to use this having Clause so let's look at the job title and let's look at
the count of job titles and then down here we need to do group by job title and
let's execute this and here is our job titles and here's the count of how many
people have those job titles so now let's say we want to look at all the jobs that
have

01:16:34
more than one person in that specific job so let's do where uh the count of job
title is greater oops is greater than one and let's run that and as you can see
we're going to get this this message right here now let's read it an aggregate may
not appear in the wear Clause unless it is in a subquery contained in a having
clause or a select list and the column being aggregated is an outer reference what
that is basically saying is is we cannot use this aggregate function in the wear
statement we need

01:17:13
to use a having Clause so let's get rid of this and let's say having the count of
job title greater than one I did the same thing again and let's execute this and
we're still going to get an error now why are we getting that error the reason is
is because this having statement is completely dependent on the group by statement
because we are performing this after it has been aggregated so this having
statement actually needs to go after the group by statement because we can't look
at the aggregated information

01:17:48
before it's actually aggregated in that group by statement so now let's run this
and and it worked perfectly so now we only have the jobs that have more than one
employee for that job title so now let's look at one more example let's do the
average let's say salary and let's get rid of this having Clause real quick and
just to look at this information uh let's do order by and we'll do average salary
so let's look at this and we have 36,000 to 65,000 so in the middle we got

01:18:29
44,500 so let's use this having statement and let's say the average of salary where
it is greater than 45,000 and we actually need to put this right here right after
the group buy and before the order buy so let's run this and see what we get and it
worked perfectly so now we're looking at the job titles that have an average salary
of over $45,000 so there you go that is the having Clause definitely one that is
good to know and is very useful in specific situations thank you guys so

01:19:08
much for watching I really appreciate it if you like this video or learned anything
today be sure to subscribe below and I'll see you in the next video what is going
on everybody my name is Alex freeberg and today we're going to be looking at
updating and deleting data in a table now what's the difference between inserting
data into a table and updating data insert into is going to create a new row in
your table while updating is going to alter a pre-existing row while deleting is
going

01:19:36
to specify what rows you want to remove from your table so let's get going with the
updating so down here Holly flax does not have an employee ID age or gender now we
want to update this table to give her that information so let's do update now we
need to specify what table we are going to be hitting off of so let's do SQL
tutorial. db. employee demographics so now we're going to use something called set
and set is going to specify what column and what value you actually want to insert
into that cell

01:20:09
so let's set her employee ID equal to and it's going to be 1,2 and we have to
specify which one to do this to because if we ran just this is going to set every
single employee ID to 112 because we haven't specified that we only want Holly
flax's row to be updated so now we have to specify where first name is equal to
Holly and last name is equal to flex so now let's run this and see what we get so
one row has been affected let's see what we got and there we go as you can see the
employee ID was updated

01:20:59
exactly how we specified it right here so we also want to update age and gender and
let's do that in the same query so let's set the age equal to 31 and instead of
using and we actually need to use a comma so let's say age equal to 31 comma gender
is going to be equal to female and let's write this and see what we get there you
go now let's look at our table and as you can see it was updated to 31 and female
so very easy very easy to specify what you want often times uh tables like

01:21:39
this will have a unique key like employee ID is our unique key in this table so I
could easily just say uh where the employee ID is equal to and then you know 102 so
it's an easy way way to specify what employee you're trying to update so now let's
look at the delete statement the delete statement is going to remove an entire row
from our table so let's do delete and we actually need to say from and we have to
specify what table we want to be removing this information from so let's do SQL
tutorial. db.

01:22:14
employee demographics and now we need to specify what row we want to remove so
let's do where employee ID is equal to and let's choose a completely random
employee ID 105 so let's run this and see what happens so one row is affected let's
look at our table and as you can see 105 is now gone now you have to be very
careful when you use the delete statement because once you run it you cannot get
that data back there's no way to reverse a delete statement so if I had gotten rid
of this wear statement

01:22:52
and I ran this it would delete everything from the entire table and you could not
get that data back so a little trick that I use before I actually run a delete
statement is I make it a select statement because you're going to select everything
where the employee ID is equal to let's just do 1,4 and now when you run this you
are going to see exactly what you will be deleting and now we know that Angela
Martin that entire row is going to be gone if I hadn't done that and I just went
like this and I wrote delete and I

01:23:24
only had this running I would not know that this information is going to be the
only one that's gone maybe I made a mistake down here maybe I accidentally put
something in there that wasn't supposed to be in there and now I'm deleting much
more than I thought I was actually going to delete so using the select statement
can be a very good Safeguard against accidentally deleting data that you do not
want to delete so that is update and delete thank you guys so much for watching I
really appreciate it if you

01:23:49
like this video be sure to subscribe below and I'll see you in the next video
What's going going on everybody my name is Alex free and today we're going to be
talking about aliasing now all aliasing really is is temporarily changing the
column name or the table name in your script and it's not really going to impact
your output at all aliasing is really used for the readability of your script so
that if you hand this off to somebody or somebody comes behind you and starts
working on this they can more

01:24:12
easily understand it and it may not sound super useful especially for small scripts
like what we have on the screen but when you start getting to larger scripts where
you have six seven or eight joins and you're selecting 10 different column names it
actually is very useful and very important so let's get into how that actually
works and then I'll have an example later of how we can use aling with a little bit
of a larger query so in this table let's select first name and execute what we want
to do is just write

01:24:42
as and let's do FN name and all that's going to do is it's going to rename this
column from first name which it was originally named to FN name now you can can use
as but you can also just get rid of that and do it exactly how I have it and it's
still going to work perfectly you can either use the as or you can not use it I
typically don't I just put a space in between the actual column and the Alias now
let's look at an example of how this might actually be useful so we have a first
name and a last name in

01:25:10
this column so what we're going to do is actually combine those so let's do plus
and let's add a space in there and let's do a plus and let's do last name so this
is going to take the first name add a space and then do the last name and we're
going to do that as and let's do full name and let's execute this so now we have a
column called full name which is our Alias so we've combined the first name and the
last name column into one single column and we've renamed it full name if we had
not

01:25:40
used this Alias at all it would have just said this which is no column name at all
we don't typically want that when we have an output we want to give this column a
name so that somebody who's actually looking at the script or who's looking at the
output of the script actually understand what is contained within this column so
for that we're just going to keep it as full name now another time that you're
often going to use aliasing in the select statement is when you're using aggregate
functions so

01:26:05
in this table we have age so let's pull that up really quick so we have age right
here and let's actually just do the average age and when we execute this we're
going to get no column name and 31 so we want to do is give it average age and when
we do that we now have a column name and again you want to have a column name in
case someone comes up behind you and is reading the script so that they understand
what this column is being used for now that we've looked at aliasing column names
let's look at

01:26:38
aliasing table names it basically is the exact same thing uh we're just going to
write as and let's do demo for demographics and let's do demo Dot and it's going to
give us all of our options and we'll do employee ID so when you alias in a table
name when you are selecting in the select statement you actually need to preface
your column name with a table name or the table Alias Dot and then employee ID and
this is extremely important to do especially when you have a lot of joins

01:27:11
that you're doing or you're selecting a lot of columns when you have several joins
because it can get very very messy quick so let's actually join this to employees
salary and let's do that on demo. employee ID is equal to s. employee ID so now
let's do demo. employee ID comma s do and let's do salary so looking at the script
now is very clean it is very easy to understand and that is what's so important
with aliasing if for for example we took this off every time we wanted to reference

01:27:56
this table we would have to put the entire table name and putting the entire table
name is correct it just is very cumbersome and does not look clean at all and so
using something like demo as an alias makes it a lot more easily readable and a lot
more manageable when you're looking at it when you have a very long script let's
look at this queer where we're joining together three Separate Tables and after
each table we have an alias for employee demographics we have a employee salary we
have B and

01:28:22
warehouse employee demographics we have C now unfortunately I have seen a lot of
scripts that look exactly like this and this is what you do not want to do you do
not want to use your aliasing to just write an a a b or a c that is very frowned
upon when writing queries because it really doesn't give any context to what the
table that you're referencing is and it gets really confusing as this query
continues to grow and as you add more columns to your select statement it makes it
more difficult to understand where those

01:28:47
columns are coming from and so when I'm reading that I say select a. employee ID
okay what's a a is employee demographics so you really do not want to do that now
let's look at an example of what it should look like so for employee demographics
instead of having an alias of a a I used demo for demographics for employee salary
I used s and for warehouse employee demographics I used where now this is not
perfect by any means but in the select statement if you're just glancing at it you
can

01:29:15
easily understand which columns are coming from which tables so when I look at
employee ID I know that's coming from employee demographics CU I have demo as the
Alias so it's a lot easier to understand and when you hand this query off to
somebody it is going to be a lot easier for them to read through it and understand
where those columns and those table names are coming from and so they will
appreciate that in the long run so that is all I got that is aling again not a
super tough subject but a really

01:29:40
important one to understand especially as you start working in teams and as you
start creating more and more complex queries you want to have it more organized and
more easily readable and so it may not come into play with those really simple
queries but again as as you build out those more complex queries this becomes very
useful I really hope you enjoyed this video if you did be sure to comment and
subscribe below thank you so much for watching and I'll see you in the next video
what's going

01:30:04
on everybody welcome back to another intermediate SQL tutorial today we're going to
be covering Partition by now Partition by is often compared to the group by
statement the group by statement is a little bit different the group by statement
is going to reduce the number of rows in our output by actually rolling them up and
then calculating the sums or averages for each group whereas Partition by actually
divides the result set into partitions and changes how the window function is
calculated and so the Partition by

01:30:29
doesn't actually reduce the number of rows returned in our output let's get started
to look at the actual syntax of how to use Partition by and then we'll compare it
to the group ey statement later just to see the differences between the two we're
going to be using these two tables on our left over here so I'm going to pull those
up really quick so let's run this and let's look at the two these two tables Side
by well one underneath the other really quick so what we're going to be using to

01:30:51
demonstrate these partitioned by is this gender column as well as this salary
column and so we just need to join these two tables together on the employee ID and
then we'll go from there now I'm not going to bore you with that I'm going to skip
ahead and we'll actually look at how to use this partition bu so I've joined these
two tables together and this is our output but we don't want every single column
I'm going to start selecting some of these columns and then we'll start using this
partition Buy and

01:31:13
see what the output looks like after that all right so let's go right up here let's
choose the first name let's do the last name we'll do gender and let's do salary
and now we want to identify how many male and female employees we actually have and
so we're going to say count of gender and this going to be over and now we're going
to do our Partition by and we're also going to partition that by the gender as
total gender now I'm going to come back to why we did each part but I

01:31:50
want to see the output first and then we come back to why we wrote it this way so
let's just do this really quick so it's going to be a little bit different than
what you typically would expect in a group by statement the group by is going to
roll everything up and you typically wouldn't have like a first name last name in a
group by statement because it would be very hard to roll all those things up into
those individual columns and to reduce the number of columns that are in your
output and so in our output we can see

01:32:18
Pam Beasley she's a female she makes $36,000 as a salary and there are three total
women that work alongside her in this employee demographics table and so in our
total gender column over here this is where we use the partition bu and if we used
a group bu statement to get this kind of information all we would be able to do to
get this information in a group by statement is say select gender count of gender
and then Group by the gender down below underneath the join so because we're using
the partition bu we're able to

01:32:48
isolate just one column that we want to perform our aggregate function on and so
we're able to add things like the first name and last name columns even though we
aren't trying to include that in any partition or group by statement yet we're
still able to add the aggregate function to each individual row while still
maintaining those other columns let's take this entire query and let's basically
just transform it into a group by statement and we'll see kind of what that looks
like and what the difference

01:33:11
is so all I'm going to do is get rid of all this I'm going to copy all of this and
I'm going to say Group by and I'm going to do that because we have to use all these
columns in our group by statement so let's execute this and as you can tell we are
not able to see the output for the aggregate function that we were hoping for if we
wanted to get the same output that we had before where we're showing three for
females and six for males what we'd have to do is get rid of this first and last

01:33:45
name and the salary and do the same thing in the group by statement and so let me
get rid of these really quick and run this and so what the Partition by is doing is
basically taking this query right here and sticking it on one line in the select
statement and so I hope now you can see how valuable the partition bu can be if
used correctly thank you guys so much for watching I really appreciate it if you
like this video be sure to like And subscribe below and I'll see you in the next
video what's going on everybody

01:34:18
welcome back to another squl tutorial today we're going to be talking about CTE a
CTE is a common table expression and it's a named temporary result set which is
used to manipulate the complex subqueries data now this only exists within the
scope of the statement that we were about to write once we cancel out of this query
it's like it never existed a CTE is also only created in memory rather than a
tempdb file like a temp table would be but in general a CTE acts very much like a
subquery and so if

01:34:46
you know how to do subqueries you should be able to pick up on CTE fairly easily so
let's get started writing our very first C CTE and we're going to come down here
and we're going to say with and we're going to write CTE employee and we're going
to say as and this is where everything's going to start now CTE are sometimes
called with queries I've never personally used that but I've seen it called that
online but that's because it uses this with statement right at the very beginning
so

01:35:11
now we have with CTE employee as then we have an open parenthesis and now we have
to construct our select statement and this is kind of where we build out our quote
unquote subquery and so I'm going to take in a select statement that I actually
used in a previous video where we using the partition bu and so I'm going to put
that in there and I'm kind of walk us through what that does and how we're going to
use this so I'm going to paste this down right here and I'm actually going to go
like this just to

01:35:37
make it look a little nicer and then I'm going to close the parentheses at the end
so now we have our CTE in place and as you can see it is basically just a select
statement within the with CTE employee as and what this is going to do is going to
take the first name last last name gender and salary and then it's going to take
this aggregate function with the partition buy aggregate function with the
partition buy and it's going to place it to where we can now query off of this data
so

01:36:02
it's putting it basically in a temporary place where we can then go and grab that
data so all we're going to do at the very bottom is we're going to say select
everything and we can do that from CTE employee so let's run this entire thing and
see what we get so as you can see this select everything from CTE employee we are
selecting everything from this select statement and so this feels a lot like a temp
table we're actually quering off of a temp table but it actually acts a lot

01:36:34
more like a subquery now we don't have to the select everything we can just do
first name and let's do average salary and when we run this we'll just get those
two columns and we don't have to go through and actually write this out each time
it's just in this CTE for us so it does all the heavy lift within the CTE and then
we can just query off of what we want now something to note is that the CTE is not
stored anywhere and so it's not stored in some temp database somewhere if I try to
run just this by

01:37:02
itself it is not going to work so let's try that out really quick and we should get
an error and that's because each time we run this query is actually creating the
CTE again and so it's not being saved anywhere and so each time we run it we have
to run it with the entire CTE another thing to note is you actually have to put the
select statement right after the CTE if I try to go down here and say select
everything from uh let's do CTE employees it doesn't actually work it's not going
to come up at all and

01:37:29
that's because it only is going to work with the select statement directly after
the actual CTE that you've created I hope this was helpful and I hope that you
understand how to use a CTE a little bit better again you don't have to go super
complicated with the select statement within your CTE it can be very very simple I
just wanted to demonstrate that you can use aggregate functions within your CTE and
then just query off of those without having to do the the aggregate function again
which I find is

01:37:53
very very useful again thank you for watching if you like this video be sure to
like And subscribe below and I'll see you in the next video what's going on
everybody welcome back to another squl tutorial today we are looking at temp tables
and if you can guess it based off of the name they're kind of like temporary tables
and we create them very much the same way we're going to do create table um it's
just a little bit different and you can hit off of this temp table multiple times
which you

01:38:19
cannot do with something like a CTE or a subquery where you can only use it one
time or with a subquery you need to write it multiple times within a query and so
these temp tables are extremely useful I'm going to kind of talk about how you can
use them as we're going uh throughout this video but let's get started right away
with actually creating one looking at it inserting some data and and and kind of
showing you how temp tables work and what we can do with them so uh we're going to
start

01:38:50
off with create table much like uh a regular table is created the only difference
is we're going to do this pound signed and then we're going to do tempcore employee
uh so literally the only difference between a regular table and a temp table is
this right here at the very beginning this this pound sign so uh let's just start
by doing employee ID we make that an integer we'll do job title and we'll make that
a varar 100 and then we'll do salary and let's make that an

01:39:32
integer and so now we have our temp table uh let's go ahead and create it so now we
have our temp table created and so we can look at it really quick so let's select
everything from and we'll do temp employee so let's take a look it's completely
empty um and we can insert data very much the same way we'd insert data into a
regular table so let's start doing that let's do insert into and we'll do temp
employee and we'll do values and let's just do something

01:40:16
really quick because I'm going to get to a little bit more interesting stuff in a
second oops so we'll make this person HR that's their job title then for salary
we'll give them 45,000 and close it off so let's run this and let's select
everything again and see what's in there perfect so we were able to insert data
into this temp table and again we we don't have to create this every single time we
um um or we don't have to run this every single time we need to hit off of it

01:40:54
like we did a CTE if you watch my previous video and this one we can just run it
and it sits there and so U again it feels very much like a real table and I'm going
to get to a little bit of the nuances of of the and the differences between a
regular table and a temp table in a second but let's really quickly um we want more
data in there you don't have to just um do it value by value we can also just do um
uh where we select all of the data from a specific table and insert that into a
temp table and that is really

01:41:31
quickly you know how I do it most of the time most of the time I'm not inserting
values um I am you know taking a large table and taking a subset of that and then
sticking it into a temp table so let's look at this really quick and and run that
so now we took all of the data from employee salary and then we just stuck it into
this table and really quickly this is one of the big uses of a temp table we had
let let's say for example that this employee salary table had a billion rows or or
or just an

01:42:13
extremely large number and we were trying to uh you know hit a somewhat complex
query off of it where we're using joint coins and we're using U maybe some window
functions or different things you know it would take a very long time to hit off of
this but what we can do is we could insert that data into this temp table and then
we can hit off the temp table and it already has that sub uh that subsection of
data that we're wanting to use for all of our later queries so really quickly
that's

01:42:46
kind of um kind of a use case for that so let's go down here we're going to kind of
create another one and this one's going to be a little bit more advanced a little
bit of how I would actually use a temp table above was just kind of showing the
basic syntax how you kind of put data into it you know kind of how it's used now
I'm going to show you kind of how I would actually use it so let's do create table
uh let's do temp oops create table uh let's do temp uh employee

01:43:20
2 and then let's do open parentheses and we'll do job title and we'll make that a
varar 50 and then we can do employees per job we'll make that an integer now we
need average age make that an integer and the very last one will be average salary
I'll make that an integer as well and let's run this oops so we have our second
table now we want to insert data into this one so we're just going to do insert
into and we'll do temp employee 2 and for this one I'm going to take a query

01:44:09
that we used in a previous video and so I'm just going to copy and paste that to
save time uh and then we'll keep on moving from there all right so I'm just going
to paste that in we will run this and really all it's doing is from this these
tables it's taking the job title we're getting a count on the job title average age
average salary and that is it um so let's see if that worked which it looks like it
did but you know let's actually take a look at the [Music]

01:44:41
data and so now we have this subsection of data from this join above and what this
is going to do is is whenever we want to run this we don't have to run it on these
two tables and create the join and then do the calculations which takes time what
it's going to do is it's going to take this these exact values and place this into
this temporary table and if we want to run further calculations on these values we
can easily do that in a fraction of the time instead of having to run this

01:45:14
every single time which will take up so much uh uh processing power and it will
reduce your runtime dramatically when you're placing this data in this temp table
and hitting off of that instead of all these joints and everything above uh a lot
of times these temp tables are used in store procedures now if you haven't learned
about store procedures or used stor procedures at all you know that's okay I still
want to show you something that might be useful um although this is used a ton in
store
01:45:43
procedures so for example let's say we have a store procedure set up we run the
store procedure and we get an output and you know we for whatever reason want to
run it again and when we run it again uh we get this error and you know this temp
table lives somewhere it it doesn't live in an actual in the actual database uh but
it lives somewhere and so when we run it again we get an error because there's
already a temp table created one trick or one little tip that I would give is doing
something like this saying

01:46:16
drop table oops I don't know why I did so many spaces drop table if exists and
we'll do temp employee 2 just like that now what this is going to do is when you're
running that store procedure over and over and over again you're getting error or
whatever for whatever reason you need to run it multiple times every time that you
run it it's going to encounter this and so if that already exists it is going to
delete that table and then allow you to create it again and this is just a

01:46:54
really good thing to do so now if you see down below I can run this time and time
and time again and it is going to work every single time because it is checking to
see if that exists and if it does it deletes it and then I can create again and so
that is just a helpful tip if you're going to try to use this I highly recommend
adding that to your query just to make sure things run smoothly I know there is a
lot more that can go into temp tables a lot more of the technical aspects or the
DBA stuff

01:47:25
um obviously I just want to teach you how to use it and what you might use it for
and how to actually write it out but you know there are a lot more things that you
can do research on about processing speed and storage but unless you are something
like a DBA you probably don't need to worry about those things and so if you are a
DBA I do recommend looking into those things making sure you understand how that
works how this data is stored uh so that when people use them or you are using them
you know what's going on in the

01:47:54
background but for getting up and running with temp tables I hope that this was
helpful thank you guys so much for watching I really appreciate it if you like this
video be sure to like And subscribe below and I'll see you in the next [Music]
video what's going on everybody welcome back to another SQL tutorial today we're
going to be looking at string functions some of the things that we're going to be
looking at are things like trim replace substring and upper and lower uh we're
going to create a new table insert

01:48:32
a little bit of bad data into it and then we're going to be using that to work on
our string functions today so I already have this set up right here um I'm going to
put this in the GitHub that you can just download this you don't have to you know
type this out manually so go look in the description if you know you just want to
get that off the GitHub and download that and copy and paste it save you a little
bit of time but let's go ahead and run this really quick and as you can see in this
table
01:49:00
we have uh our data right here give me one second so in this employeee errors table
basically what we have actually let me pull this back up basically what we have is
in this first one we have here we go we have some uh basically blank spaces on the
right side the second one some blank spaces on the left side U we also have Jimbo
which is an error because his name is Jim um and Halbert because his name is
actually Halbert um and then for Toby for whatever reason that o is capitalized and
then uh Michael got in here and

01:49:38
added this extra part so we're going to have to figure out a way to take that out
when we're doing our query and that'll come in a little bit later I think in the
substring section so let's get into it right away let's start using uh our left
trim and right trim we're going to kind of go through each one um pretty quickly
hopefully I'm not not trying to make this a super long video because we got a lot
of things to get through in this one video uh so I'm going to go through the

01:50:05
trim right trim and left trim let's look at uh the employee ID because that's the
one where we have some blank spaces on the right and the left side the left side
you'll be able to obviously you're going to see that one much easier but uh let's
start walking through this so let's do select employee ID and before we get any
further let me just get the employee errors on here so we can um so that we can see
everything as it comes up so we're just going to do trim and then type in the
column that we want

01:50:41
to uh take these blank spaces out of that's where the trim does the trim gets rid
of Blank spaces on either the front or the back or or the left on the right side so
on both sides that's what trim does and we'll say as ID trim so let's run this one
really quick and as you can see this is our regular employee ID and so you know you
can't visually see it as easily on this first one but there are blank spaces after
this 101 and we got rid of those and then there were blank spaces before the 102
and we got rid of

01:51:15
those now I'm just going to copy this uh two times because it's basically the exact
same thing but uh I'm going to show you them all at the same time so it's the exact
same thing except lrim and right trim uh and let's take a look at all these at the
same time and let me pull it up so in the me see if I can get these all in here
okay in the trim it got rid of both the left and the right side so all of these
were fixed in the employee ID for the left trim we're only getting going to be

01:51:50
getting rid of this one this one still has um blank spaces on it and when we do the
right trim we're only going to get rid of the stuff on the right side so this one
doesn't change because this is on the left hand side where the blank spaces are so
this one was fixed again not super visual so you can't really see it but that one
is fixed uh let's move on to the next part uh which is using replace so for this
one we're going to be looking at the last name so let's go back up really quick to
the employee
01:52:25
errors uh as you can tell the last name um the biggest one where we kind of want to
take something out of because we don't want that um that Dash fired still in there
we're going to replace that and so let's look at how to do that um let me just copy
this real quick and get rid of this top part um so we're going to do the last name
so let's just start off with our last name um and then just as a baseline so we can
see what it looks like before and then we'll do replace and all we're going to
specify is the

01:53:00
column that we want uh to do the replacing in we're going to specify the value that
we want to replace so in this it's going to be Dash fire oops got a little
aggressive on that one dash fired and we're going to indicate what we want to
replace it with now I'm just going to replace it with blank um and we can say as
last name fixed so let's see what this looks like really quick and it looks like it
worked so in this last name it originally had flenderson DF fired and when we
replaced

01:53:36
it and we took that Dash fired and replaced it with basically nothing uh it then
fixed it and so now it looks correct all right let's move on to the next one I
think this one might be um the the longest one to write but that is the substring
um and let me take this real quick trying to save us some time so substring is very
is very very unique you can specify um in a either a number or a string you can
specify the place that you want to start and then you can also specify how many
characters you want to

01:54:16
go out um and and and it pulls that in so just as a really quick example um and
then I'm going to show you kind of a use case for this one that I think is pretty
cool that um you know maybe let me see so that maybe that you'd find useful so I'm
going to do first name and then I'm just going to do one comma three so it's going
to take the first name it's going to start at the very first um very first letter
or number and it's going to go forward three spaces or three spots

01:54:50
spots so let's just take a look at what that looks like so for our table it's going
to take Jim Pam and to or or Tobe for Toby um and so it's only going to take the
the first three because you're starting at number one now what if we started at
three so we do three comma 3 it's going to go to the third um digit or or third
letter and then it's going to go forward three so you kind of get a sense of how
this works now I'm going to show you something that I think is very

01:55:25
interesting that I think you guys will also find interesting uh let me fix that CU
I just messed it up so if you've ever heard of something called fuzzy matching now
if you don't know what fuzzy matching is I'll give you an example let's say in one
table my name is Alex and in another table my name is Alexander if we tried to join
those two together based off of my name they will not join because one is Alex and
one is Alexander there's not they're not an exact match but for if I take the

01:55:53
substring and start position one and move forward four characters it's going to
take Alex from both and then it will match them together uh and say that they are
the same so that you know it may not be perfect that's why it's called a fuzzy
match because it can work for a large majority of the time but it's not going to
work every single time and so I want to show you how we can use this here um really
quick I need to join this to um the demographics table so I'm going to do that
really

01:56:27
quick bear with me for just one second let's try to make this at least look
somewhat good so what I'm going to do is I'm going to start off by saying um let's
tie it to the first name uh let's do whoops let's do air. first name is equal to
the demographics table first name okay so I want to see and I'm just going to do
first name for ER and let's do them. first name so let's see what comes up when we
do it like this so the only one that is going to work is Toby and that's because
even

01:57:09
though it has a capital O it's still going to take it um so you know we want to get
all of them to match and we can do that but it's going to be um a little bit of a
different way than maybe is perfect but that's why they call it fuzzy matching so
we're going to use substring on this so I'm going to say substring oops let me that
right so I'm going to say substring and we're going to go one three so starting at
the first position and going forward with three and we're going to do the exact
same

01:57:38
thing on the oops subst string it be great if I could spell that correctly we're
going to do the exact same thing so one and three so we are actually going to take
this give me a second missed that we're going to take this up here and we're just
going to go like that and I why did I copy it with the error okay so let's run this
really quickly and as you can see it is now going to match all of them and you can
do this on a lot of different things typically when I'm doing a fuzzy match

01:58:17
like this I'm not just going to do it on a first name right because if every there
can be a ton of people named JY you know we want to do it on uh and and real quick
let me actually show you um what the originals looked like just to make sure I hit
the the point across um and that is going to be first name and come all right so
real quick let's actually look at this so it originally was Jimbo Pamela and Toby
uh in this one was Jim Pam and Toby And so when we just took the first three
because it was Jimbo it then becomes Jim

01:59:01
it was Pamela it becomes Pam now it matches and so that's what that's kind of the
example that we're going for like I was saying I typically will not just filter on
a first name because there's going to be a ton of people named Alex or Jim or or or
you know Henry or whatever you're going to do this on many different things so
would be doing it on things like uh if I'm trying to do a fuzzy match on a person I
do it on their gender to make sure that their gender is the same um and I

01:59:27
wouldn't probably need to use a substring for that but just to kind of give you a
little bit more information I need to do it on the last name um so I need to use
that substring again and I would probably do it on the age oops the what am I doing
come on the age and the date of birth okay so all of those things if you if you
fuzzy match on the first name and the last name and then the gender the age and the
date of birth are all the same then you can typically get a very high accuracy in
matching people across

02:00:04
tables whether or not you have you know this is an example if you don't have like
an employee ID which is what we do have but take for example we were not given that
uh this is a way to match them using substrings let's move on to Upper and lower
all upper and lower is going to do is basically take all the characters in The the
text and make them either upper or make them lower so it's very self-explanatory uh
let me copy this up here and we will get going on this one uh let's just look at
the first name

02:00:44
um specifically we're going to be looking at Toby right here so let's do first name
let's do uh lower and all we have to do is put in the column that we want to do so
this is our original first name and it then takes every single uh string that is in
here or every single I guess character and and it makes it lowercase that's all it
does uh and it is the exact opposite when we do upper so we can now take take a
look at this one and now everything's going to be capitalized so there is a lot
that you can do with

02:01:25
these string functions and this is not all the string functions that there are
there are a lot more but I would say that these are the more popular more useful
ones that I typically use on a regular basis and so I hope that this has been
helpful I hope that you learned something from this if you did be sure to like And
subscribe below I have a lot more videos coming out with tutorials on everything
from SQL python Tableau and Excel thank you so much for joining me I appreciate it
and I will see you in the

02:01:52
next [Music] video what's going on everybody welcome back to another SQL tutorial
today we are talking about stored procedures now what is a store procedure a store
procedure is a group of SQL statements that has been created and then stored in
that database a store procedure can accept input parameters and we will be looking
at that today but that means that a single store procedure can be used over the
network by several different users uh and we can all be using different input data
a store

02:02:31
procedure will also reduce Network traffic and increase the performance and lastly
if we modify that store procedure everyone who uses that store procedure in the
future will also get that update let's start writing out the store procedure so we
can look at the syntax we'll start off very simple and then in the next one we'll
get a little bit more complicated so the very first thing that you need to write is
create and then procedure and after that you're going to name it so let's just call
this one

02:02:56
test and all you're going to say is as and then you're going to write your query
and so let's just do select everything from employee demographics and that is it we
have created our very first store procedure of course this is super super simple
but let's execute this really quick and take a look at it so it says that the
commands completed successfully let's go over to our SQL tutorial we're going to go
over to programmability store procedures and it is not showing up there what we
need to

02:03:29
do is we need to refresh our store procedures we're just going to go right here
we're going to click refresh and then there is our store procedure now how do you
actually use the store procedure that we just created so let's go right down here
and let's say x which means execute and then all we're going to say is test test
and we're going to run this and there we go so all we put in this store procedure
was a select statement and so when we actually Rebrand the store procedure it
returned

02:04:00
our select statement now let's go down here and we're going to make it a little bit
more complicated we're going to do the exact same thing in create store procedure
make sure I spelled that right and let's call this tempore employee so if you
remember from a previous video we worked on temp tables and we created our temp
tables then inserted data into that we are going to add that to this St procedure
so we can see the difference between a simple query versus a little bit more
complicated query so I'm going to say as

02:04:31
and then I'm going to insert that in here now what this is doing is I'm creating a
table and then right down here I inserting that table now if I create this store
procedure and then execute it nothing is actually going to be returned it will
insert the data into that temp table but since I don't have a select statement in
this proced procedure nothing will be returned so let's write select everything and
we'll just do from and this is temp employee and right here and so now let's

02:05:02
create our store procedure so that created successfully let's refresh over here and
let's execute this so let's just go down right here and say execute and it's going
to be temp employee and now we will execute this and there is our output now really
quick let's go into temp employee and we actually want to change this store
procedure so we're going to go over to modify so when we modify it a few things are
going to show up on your screen the first thing that you're going to see is

02:05:37
it says use SQL tutorial so it's just specifying the database the next two things
you may not be as familiar with it's set anzy nules and then set quoted identifier
if you don't know what these are it's not super important the first one just talks
about how it to deal with nulles when you're using the wear statement and then the
quoted identifier just talks about how it uses quotes in the actual query itself
again not super important but they have those automatically turned on let's go down
a

02:06:03
little bit further and we're going to look at the alter procedure so we created our
store procedure but now we want to alter it so this is the alter procedure and we
are going to add a parameter to this so what the parameter is going to allow us to
do is when we're actually executing the store procedure we can specify an input
into that store procedure so that we get a specific result back and I'm going to
show you what I mean by that in just a second but let's actually add our input and
we're

02:06:31
going to say at we're going to say job title and we need to specify the data type
that that is going to be so let's just say nvar 100 I know below it says varar 100
but that's um not extremely important so this is going to be our input so we need
to go down here and say where job title is equal to at job title so when we
actually are executing this and we say the job title is equal to let's say
accountant this is going to become accountant and it's going to give us our results
based off of it being an

02:07:08
accountant so let's go over here and we are going to click this execute temp
employee which we just modified and when we run it we're going to get an error
because it is now expecting us to include our parameter of job title so what we
need to do is we need to say at job title and let's say it's equal to a Salesman
now let's try running this one and see what we get and so there is our output if we
go back here I just wanted to show you really quick we do not have to put this job
title right here you can

02:07:42
put this anywhere in the query and use it however you want that's how parameters
work and that's why parameters are so useful and you can use multiple parameters
for one store procedure so you don't have to just limit yourself to one or none you
can put as many as you really like so I hope that this video is helpful and that
you understand store procedures just a little bit better thank you guys so much for
watching I really appreciate it if you like this video be sure to like And
subscribe below and I'll see you in the

02:08:08
next [Music] video what's going on everybody welcome back to another SQL tutorial
today we are going to be talking about subqueries now subqueries are often called
inner queries or an nestic queries and they're basically a query within a query a
subquery is used to return data that will be used in the main query or the outer
query as a condition to specify the data that we want retrieved you can use
subqueries almost anywhere you can use it in the select part of a query the from
the where you can also use it in

02:08:48
insert update and delete statements but in today's tutorial we're only going to be
looking at the select the from in the Weare statements and you should get a pretty
good idea of how to use it in those other statements all right now I'm going to
paste on screen basically what we're going to be walking through today but really
quick let's just take a look at the table that we're actually be working in and
that is going to be from the employee salary table and I just want to show you the
data that we're

02:09:11
going to be working with before we actually get into it so we have an employee ID
we have a job title and then we have a salary so really quick I'm going to show you
what it looks like to have a subquery in the select statement so let's go down here
really quick and what we're going to try to do is kind of do something like a
Windows function but without actually having to do the windows function um and so
we're going to do this with a subquery so I'm going to select and really quick

02:09:40
actually let me copy this so we're going to do employee ID there we go we're going
to do salary and now we can start building our subquery so we need to do an open
parenthesis and I'm just going to copy this really quick because we're going to be
doing it off of that table so we're going to say select and then I'll paste that
and close it as well but what we want to do is we want to say average and salary
now what this is going to do is it is literally going to run this and

02:10:10
let's run this really quick it is going to run this and is going to show that the
average salary for all the employees is 40 $ 7,99 so we are looking at the average
salary for every employee so when we run this it is going to give us the employee
ID the salary and then in the very last one is going to show the average salary for
every employee now it doesn't have a column header so or or a column name so let's
give it um let's say as all average salary and we'll run that one

02:10:46
more time just to make it look a little prettier um you can also do this in
Partition bu I'm going to Super quickly just really quickly write this out um it
should take no time at all and then I'm going to show you why we can't do this
without the subquery why you aren't able to do this with a group buy so really
quickly let me copy this I'm going to put it right down here and we're going to say
average salary whoops and we can get rid of all this and we can say over and we're
not going to partition it by

02:11:18
anything but let's run both these at the same time and you'll see that they're the
exact same outputs and so it's just a different way of doing it in this example but
it really is just to show a comparison of how you might be able to use a subquery
in the select statement now you might be wondering why group I does not work for
this uh really quickly I'm going to write this out and let's get rid of that and
we'll say Group by whoops let me at least try to write it correctly Group by and
we'll do employee

02:11:50
ID and we also have to do salary and then we'll say order by one two so let's run
this and as you can see since we have to use the group by it groups by both the
ordered ID and the salary and so we're not going to be able to get that all average
salary that we're looking for that we can get in the partition buy and also the
subquery in the select statement now I'm going to show you the subquery in the from
statement so let's just get rid of that really quick and let's say select
everything let's say

02:12:25
from and we're going to do an open parentheses here and here is where we're going
to write our subquery so if you have watched previous videos where I've done uh
tutorials on the CTE or tutorial on the temp tables this is one that is very much
like those except I think a little bit less efficient when I'm doing something
where I'm creating a table and then quering off off of it which is what we're about
to do I much prefer a CTE or a temp table subqueries tend to be a little bit slow
compared to a temp table

02:12:58
or a CTE I tend to use temp tables a lot more because you can reuse them over and
over whereas a subquery you cannot you have to write it out each time so really
quickly I'm going to show you how it's done although I don't really recommend using
this method really quickly let's go up here and let's steal this partition bu
really quick this will be our subquery uh and let's paste this in here I'm going
make this look a little nicer just so you can visualize it a little

02:13:26
bit easier um so really quick what this is going to do is it is first going to run
this and create this table again much like a temp table or a CTE so let's execute
this really quick it's going to create this table and then it's going to allow us
to query off of it so I can actually say um and let me give kind of kind of an
alias to this a. employee ID and then let's say all average salary so now I can
take um columns from this inner query if I want to and just select those or I can
select everything and

02:14:04
return that entire table again I much prefer a temp table or a CTE for this type of
situation but as an example I just wanted to show you how it works now let's go
down to the subquery in thewar statement but really quick I just steal this query
so I don't have to rewrite everything and let's get rid of this really quick and
add back the job title all right so let's look at this really quick so we have our
table that we've been using our employee ID job title salary so for this example we
only

02:14:39
want to return employees if they're over the age of 30 and as you can see in this
table there is no age column that is in the employee demographics table now if we
wanted we could join to that table and get that information or we could use a
subquery and so for this example we are going to be using a subquery so let's go
right down here and say where employee ID is in and we'll do an open parentheses
and now this is where we are going to build out the subquery so just for visual
purposes I'm going to go

02:15:07
right here I'm going to say select everything and we'll do from employee
demographics and close the parenthesis so we're going to try to select something in
this subquery that will then identify the employee IDs that are over the age of 30
so really quickly let's take a look at this table so right now we have the entire
table selected so we have the employee ID first name last name age and gender so in
this subquery the only thing that should be returned is the employee ID and in fact
in your

02:15:39
subquery you can only have one column selected so I can't select everything I have
to specify one column and that's a little bit different than how we did it in in
this from statement where we were basically able to select the entire table and
then in the select statement specify what columns we wanted in the where statement
we can't do that so we want to return the employee ID and we also want to say where
the age is greater than 30 so let's run this really quick and see if it works as
you can see

02:16:11
in the results these are the employees who are over the age of 30 now if you wanted
to display the age as a column in this output you would have to join to that table
and then put that column or that field in the select statement but in a lot of
situations you won't actually want or need to do that and so a subquery can be a
really good option in these scenarios with that being said this is the last video
in the advanced sequel tutorials I hope that this Series has been helpful and that
you learned

02:16:37
something along the way thank you so much for joining me I really appreciate it if
you like this video be sure to like And subscribe below and I'll see you in the
next video [Music] what is going on everybody welcome back to another video today
we are starting our data analyst portfolio project [Music] series now before we
jump into our first project I wanted to talk with you for just a second so that
we're all on the same page first thing is that there are going to be four projects
the first one

02:17:17
is going to be SQL and we doing a lot of data exploration and we'll be setting up a
lot of our data to visualize it in Tableau Tableau is going to be our second
project in our third project again we're going back to SQL but we're going to be
doing a lot more of the ETL process so a lot more of the data cleaning I did that
one as the third project because I think it's going to be a little bit more
advanced than this first project I tried to make it as beginner friendly as
possible so even if

02:17:44
you are a complete beginner as long as you've walked through uh you know the
tutorial that I have made on my channel you should be pretty good and then the
fourth and the final project will be with python we'll be using a lot of pandas
doing a little bit of data cleaning and then doing visualizations as well as I said
just a second ago I'm trying to make this as beginner friendly as I possibly can
the whole point of the series is that if you are trying to apply for a data analyst
job by the end

02:18:08
of the series you should have an entire portfolio or at least a a really good start
at a portfolio to show a potential employer I give you full permission to copy
every script every query line for line if that is what you want to do and create
your own portfolio I am totally fine with that but I will encourage you and I'm
sure I'll say this throughout the video I encourage you to try to think of your own
queries try to think of your own insights and your own things that you can do to
make this portfolio

02:18:32
project unique with that being said I'm super excited to get started on this with
you guys so let's jump over to my screen and get started on our very first project
all right so now that we are on my screen we are going to get started on this
project we're going to download the data set we are going to format it just a
little bit in Excel and then we're going to get into sequel where we will start
querying it I will say that I think this is going to be a very long video I'm
hoping to keep it

02:18:55
under an hour and a half I may separate this into two videos depending on how long
it runs um but you know I I will do my best to keep it short but we have a lot to
get through I'm going to basically do no Cuts I'm I'm that's my goal is to do no
cuts um in this because I want to walk you through each step of the process so that
you understand everything that's going on and I I you don't get lost at some point
um but I think this is probably the best way to do it we'll see uh the very first
thing

02:19:27
we're going to do is download our data set so you know as we're looking at this
there's an option right here to download the data set I don't recommend that one um
you can it just won't give you all the information that I personally want which is
go back to like the very beginning um if you go down right here to the very first
graph um you can actually push this back and then download it and what this will do
is it will go back to I think January 1st of 2020 so let's open this one

02:19:57
up um and when we get in here we're going to reformat it just a little bit it's
nothing too complicated I hope um I'm just going to double click here actually let
me let me go up here and filter just in case we want to filter anything so um what
we have here is a ton of information on Co I mean just a ton and it goes back to
early 2020 I believe it does go back to the first of 2020 so really quick a really
brief introduction of what kind of data is in here we have total cases new cases um
total deaths new deaths we use

02:20:33
those quite a bit in the the queries that are coming up um if we go way over here
we have total vaccin vaccinations people vaccinated um and then over here a little
bit farther we have population that's the main stuff we're going to be working with
today as you can see there's so many other things in here I mean you can use this
if you want to go back and do more stuff on this I highly recommend it there's such
you know there's so such unique data in here about smokers and diabetes and like
all

02:21:05
this random stuff that I did not do a deep dive in I mean I could I could spend you
know a month just like looking at this data set and and getting really interesting
stuff from it um but I'm not going to do that I wanted to do this faster than uh
two months to to complete what we're going to do um is we're going to go back over
here we're going to take this population and we're going to click on this as and
we're going to click contrl X and that's going to cut it we're going

02:21:36
to go back to the very beginning and we're going to place it right here and we're
going to right click and say insert cut cells now why are we doing this because
I've already done this entire project um and if you don't do this you're going to
do a join with every single query you do which if you want to do that keep it there
and then just you know change your query for for that I did it like this because I
wanted to show joins later on I wanted to keep it kind of simple at the beginning
um

02:22:05
and then work my way to a little bit more advanced things which you will see um it
gets you know semi Advanced but not too much I promise um just stick with me let's
go back over here we're going to go to uh actually double A and then we're going to
click control shift right key that's going to select everything over here and we're
going to literally delete it okay this is going to be our first table over here so
everything you see over here is our first table um and we're going to save

02:22:33
that so let's save as I'm just going to keep it in my downloads as and let's do
covid deaths so that has our death information the next one is going to include our
um vaccination information which is what we're going to join on and then um we're
going to do that later so let's let's hit contrl Z that's going to bring it back
now let's select on Z and go all the way to e and we're going to do the same thing
we're going to delete this looks like there's no data but I

02:23:02
promise there is later on the vaccinations um like total vaccinations if we go down
um you can see that that starts on in February the end very end of February in 2021
that's because vaccinations are you know didn't come out till recently now let's
save this file and we're going to save as instead of covid deaths we'll do Co
vaccinations all right now let's save that so now we have our two excels that we
want we need to get them into SQL we're going to go over to SQL and we're

02:23:39
going to create a portfolio project database I've already done this all you have to
do though is rightclick click new database type in portfolio project and then click
okay and it will create your database for you um if you open up the tables it
should be empty and that's where we're going to put these two Excel files now uh I
had a ton of trouble actually importing these excels um I mean I tried everything
and I eventually just went down a rabbit hole of how to get these in I don't know

02:24:11
if it's me or or what but I could not figure out how to do it if you go to
portfolio project you hit tasks and you hit import data that may do it for you and
it may work um it did not work for me uh it just it kept giving me errors so what I
would recommend you do right off the bat just to make sure that we're doing the
same thing um and you can do it that way if you want I went over here to start um
again I'm on a Windows and I went down to Microsoft SQL Server 2019 and clicked
Import and

02:24:46
Export looks the same but for whatever reason it it all the research I did it has
to do with the 32-bit versus the 64bit when you do it this way it goes to the 64-
bit and it is able to import the data if you do it the other way it was doing it
the 32-bit version and gives you an error I don't understand it don't ask me that's
that's the re that's I mean I went down a huge rabbit hole but this one works so
let's go over here and this is going to be our data source where is the data coming
from it's an

02:25:16
Excel file so let's do that let's browse and let's go over to my downloads I
thought I saved it in downloads uh maybe because it's an Excel workbook what was I
saving before Oh that's a CSV okay something important to note is we're doing an
Excel and not a CSV you're going to get the same error I'm just doing it live and
I'm making myself look stupid so um we're going to save it but instead of a CSV
we're going to save it as an Excel workbook so let's

02:25:52
save that um now we have to go back to how it was right here um the same way and
we're going to file save as and let's do this is now covid deaths and save it as a
workbook now we have them now let's go back um now we have our covid deaths and our
covid vaccinations let's do our deaths first um let me get back right here so it
looks kind of more normal um so we have our Excel file we have our covid deaths
let's go next and now we have to say where we're going to place it where's our
destination so

02:26:31
we're going to click over here and go down to SQL Server native client 11.0 I want
to say this is something that I messed up and it took me like 45 minutes to figure
out it was the stupidest mistake um it's gonna autop populate a server name and I
never checked to confirm that this was my server name and so I couldn't figure out
why I wasn't able to insert this into my portfolio project uh database that's
because mine is 01 I created two different servers um intentionally and for
whatever reason I

02:27:06
forgot that and so all I have to do is add 01 over here so just make sure yours is
is the same thing click portfolio project click next yes we're want to copy the
data should autop populate if it doesn't if it gives you like multiple you can
always uh check mark on the one that you think is the right one it should be the
first one we'll click next we'll just click finish I'm sure it says run immediately
we'll click finish and finish now while this is running um there should be around

02:27:35
89,000 that's how it was like a week ago when I started it maybe a little more now
because there's extra days um with that being said you know there's going to be a
good siiz amount of data um we're about to do a lot of different things we're going
to start at the very basics of just like queer quering the table like super simple
um and then we're going to go into things like joins ctes temp tables creating
views um I the whole purpose of what we're about to do is not

02:28:06
to it's not to keep it too simple um I want to showcase to a potential employer
right that you can do more advanced Advanced things so I'm going to probably do I
mean I'm I'm looking at because I have already done this entire project
individually I mean we've probably got like 15 to 20 queries here you don't have to
do all of them um I'm going to walk through all of them and you can choose which
ones you want but you don't have to do all them it is quite a few so
02:28:36
just know that so there's 85,000 right here that's fantastic uh it won't show up
immediately you need to refresh it uh and there we go so that's our covid
vaccinations U let's get rid of this so we just have Co vaccinations um I thought
that was our covid deaths one but maybe I'm wrong um but let's do the exact same
thing down here and we will import and say next we're going to go down to Excel and
browse and now we want to do the covid deaths apparently last time we

02:29:15
did the vaccinations which um I actually actually you know what I bet what it did
was it took yeah it took this right here as Co vaccinations but that was the deaths
one as it saved so uh forget that let's go right here let's do the co vaccinations
it just has the same sheet name uh so sorry for the confusion destination is going
to be the exact same place it's going to be SQL Server native client let's add that
01 and let's click refresh portfolio project next next um like I said before

02:29:57
if it does this just click the first one it's going to be Co vaccinations it did
that for the covid deaths that's because I made the mistake earlier I hope you I
hope when you're watching this you aren't super confused um the whole point make
two tables or make two excels one should be covid deaths one should be Co
vaccinations upload them and then rename them in a nutshell U so we have the same
amount uh let's refresh this this one is actually the co vaccinations this one is
covid

02:30:31
deaths I'm telling you this stuff is it's confuses me sometimes to be honest um but
we're going to query this really quick to make sure we act are actually doing um
what we're supposed to be doing so let's do select everything from um and let's do
portfolio project and you can do dbo or you can do dot dot I tend to just do that
because it's easier um let's look at this one make sure it's the right table so we
have total cases new cases perfect um and let's order on let's do

02:31:09
three comma 4 just to make sure or order by of course just to make sure that we
have all everything that we're looking for so this looks right this looks like our
Excel let's copy this let's go down here we're going to do covid vaccinations and
let's run this one make sure the second one came in correctly as well so perfect so
we have our two tables this is fantastic news um and now we can get going um we can
keep this one I'm GNA comment it out in case you know we want to come back to it um
I'm going

02:31:51
to really quick again right here I have another laptop I have already done this
whole project so I'm just using it as a guideline to know kind of what I'm doing
next so that I don't waste everyone's time um so really quickly let's just let's
select the data that we are going to be using you don't have to use these comments
I will say that I'm going to specify I'm going to say hey this comment is something
I would keep in your portfolio project I'm going to add

02:32:21
a bunch of extra stuff that is not needed um just for your purpose but when you are
creating your portfolio project you shouldn't be adding some of the things that I'm
going to be commenting um on so we're going to do um or actually let's do really
quick let's copy this so that it kind of knows what we're doing so let's select the
location uh the date the to total cases the new cases the [Music] total deaths and
then population uh now where we're at I'm going to turn off my camera because it's

02:33:04
going to get it's going to start getting in the way to be honest I don't want it to
interfere with your ability to see what we're doing on screen so it's been great
seeing you guys I'm going to turn this off and we will continue from here all right
that should be turned off so let's keep running so this is what we're doing let's
actually let's keep this going because I I don't like things not being organized um
so we have our location oh no we want to do one two we want to do

02:33:36
it based off the location and the date makes things everything easier I promise you
so we're going to be the first one's obviously Afghanistan here's our date we have
our total cases are new cases total deaths and population so really quick I'm just
going to scroll down just a second um they started having you know the the total
deaths it's um it started about a month after they got their first case it looks
like so and then it just like ramps up a lot um and we're going to be

02:34:10
diving into all these numbers what they mean how to you can do some really simple
calculations on them um but really quickly we're just going to do again a super
simple calculation um and one that we do multiple times for different things um so
let's go right down here and let's say uh we're going to be looking at the total
cases versus total deaths so how many cases are there in this country and then how
many deaths do they have per um uh you know how many deaths they have for their

02:34:48
entire cases so let's say they have a thousand people who H who've been diagnosed
they had 10 people who died what's the percentage of people who died who had um who
had it so uh let's go right down here and we're gonna I'm just going to copy this
really quick this just going to make our life easier I think you should do the same
as well um so we have location date total cases um and we're going to get rid of
our new cases we don't need that one in this query right here uh nor do you need

02:35:21
this population so let's work on our calculation really quick it should be super
super easy let me make sure I'm still recording perfect oh man we're 25 almost 25
minutes in um or more because I have the intro so now we're going to do uh we want
to know the percentage of people who are dying who actually get infected or or or
or who um report being infected so we're going to do um total underscore deaths
we'll go right down here and we're going to divide that by the total

02:35:55
cases total cases and if we do this really quick um what it's going to have and
well let's go down to where there's actually numbers so we have 34 we have one um
it's it's showing 0.029% if you ever try to get a percentage of something you have
to multiply times 8 100 um so let's do that really quick all we have to add is the
what's that the asteris sign um times 100 um and while we're here let's just add
the um what's it called Alias Let's do let's call this death percentage I
02:36:35
don't know that that works for me and let's take a look at this it'll be a little
bit more accurate accurate so when there were 34 there was one and that gives gives
us a 2.94% death rate and we can go down even further um and this is still all
Afghanistan let's go down to the very bottom let's go down to the very very bottom
so as of as of today yesterday there were 59745 total cases in Afghanistan and
there were 20 2,625 deaths which is 4% so you have a 4% chance basically right

02:37:14
now of dying I mean if if you want to look at it like that 4% chance of dying if
you get it and you live in Afghanistan um let's I mean we you don't have to but
really quick just to look at it further let's look at where the location um I think
it's let's say like real quick because I'm not 100% if it's States um it should I
think it's United States but yeah so I mean I live in the United States if you
don't you can look at your country but um you know we we this is like this is
genuine real

02:37:50
reported data so it's really interesting um right at the beginning I mean the I
don't know if it was the way we were reporting or what but we had really high
percentage rates um as we go down we're looking at a 5% 6% I mean this was the peak
of it this got really bad in the US um maybe get I hope it gets better um how many
are we at this is I'm going to go to the end of this year we sitting at around 2 to
3% um um yeah it goes down to under 2% so at the end of at the end of the year

02:38:22
we were looking at over 2 million people that's 2 million no wait 20 million 9363
wait wait wait 20 million people who have been infected um that's a lot that's a
lot of 20 million people who have had it 35,000 or 352,000 deaths by the end of the
year that's a lot um let's keep going um and at the very end we had over 32 m346fa
um there's a lot of deaths 576,000 and I verified this number um I Googled it
Google knows all I googled this number and it's pretty accurate um

02:39:06
and it's really sad that's a lot of lot of lives um and that's 1.78% so as of right
now if you're were to get it today a estimate is around one uh and three fourest to
2% chance that you're that you could die from it um so really interesting numbers
this is the kind of exploratory stuff that that you know we're going to be doing
we're going to get a lot more advanced as we go on but this shows you know the
likelihood um and we can I'm going to write that shows the likely I hope I'm
spelling

02:39:39
this right I'm not spelling this right likelihood I hope that's right if this not I
apologize likelihood of dying if you contract uh covid in your country um again
rough estimates but you know just glancing at the data that's kind of what we're
looking at um now we're going to look at and let's go down here let's look at
looking at the total cases versus the population again we're going to do a lot of
this like percentage stuff um it it's pretty simple um that will only last for

02:40:27
so long I promise you but it'll be really I'm going to keep it on the states just
because um I'm going to be looking at that one the most because obviously it's
pretty relevant to me um so if you're in another country filter by your country
you'll be really interested in the stats I I know I was really really really um
shocked by a lot of the things that we're going to find today so we're going to
keep the location we're going to we're going to keep the date keep the

02:40:57
total cases um but let's change this to population and then instead of um the total
cases being here we're going to put the total cases there and then change this to
population so what is this going to do for us this is going to show us what
percentage of the population has gotten covid so shows what percentage of
population oops got covid um some of these things again they're they're good to
know um the one that I upload to GitHub will have the notes that I recommend
keeping um again not

02:41:41
everything in here is um not everything in here is what you know you need to have
in there this is mostly just you know what I think you guys need to see while we're
actually typing this out all right so let's take a look at this um actually I want
to change this I want to put this right here just as easier for me visually um just
for because the total cases right here so our our population in the US is around
331 million um so at the beginning when we had one case I mean it's like nothing
let's keep

02:42:22
scrolling um and see where we get to 1% so 1% that's 3,311 32 uh people and that
happened in what is that August August of last year so 1% of the population let's
keep going all the way down again we're just kind of glancing at this we're about
10% um again we're at the that 32 million so 10% of the population has has gotten
it gotten a test and it's been confirmed so really interesting um you know we'll
come back to that one I'm sure in the future I you know we might make we might use
this one

02:42:59
as like um a visualization again uh I'm only looking at the states or United States
right now but you know think about it in terms of how we're going to visualize this
in the future cuz a lot of what we're doing we're going to visualize in the future
um in Tableau I have Tableau even open right here you can see I have a map um this
is just a super I threw this together in like two seconds um we have the uh we have
the location and so you know this is like our future this is what you need to be
envisioning when

02:43:34
you're looking at this data so we have you know Afghanistan and let's just scroll
through bellaro and Bolivia and Bulgaria and cambod all the every single country um
that that is reporting so we're just looking at the states but remember all of
these are going to be used so just something to remember um I want to know and I'm
really curious as to what countries have the highest um infection rates compared to
the population so we're just looking at our population um up here um how are we

02:44:10
going to do this we'll do actually let me say well let me write it out really quick
so let's look looking at countries with highest infection rate compared to
population so that's what this script is going to do or this query is going to do
I'm going to copy this um so we're going to keep the location we are not going to
keep the date this is not going to be date specific this just going to be overall
and then we're going to look at the max of the total cases so we only want to look
at the highest so when when

02:44:47
we were looking at the us we had 32 million we don't want to look at every single
Pop um uh of the total cases we only look at the very highest one so we'll look at
the Max total cases um and let's right here we'll just say give it an alias at
least something to recognize it so highest U I guess we can say infection count so
we'll say highest infection count that's the highest infection count per country um
so per location um and then we want to also take because it's going to it's not
going since we

02:45:23
don't have Max total cases here if we just kept total cases here it'll give us the
same one that we were looking at in this above query what we need to do is we need
to look at the max of this um so we're going to look at Max and just add a
parentheses there um and we'll look at this isn't the death percentage anymore I
forgot to change it in this last one this is is what is this it's percent of
population infected so let's change that for both of these because I don't want to
get

02:45:56
confused when you're looking at the column headers later um so we'll look at the
percent of population infected let's run this and see what we get uh list is not
contained in either the aggregate oh I need to add a group ey of course um so let's
add Group by um and we need to group by both the population and the location so
let's try that really quick let's see if this works awesome um well we ordered on
location and population but I really want to look at the highest um so let's so
let's just see

02:46:37
really quick look at some of these numbers got like 1% 4% um 10% okay so yeah yeah
what we want to do is order on um this percent population infected so let's go
ahead and do that uh and let's do that descending so the descending gets the
highest number first um my goodness 177% so what percentage of your population has
gotten covid it's been reported and and and um we can see that now so the very
first one small population so it doesn't surprise me but if you look right down
here here so that's that 32 million that

02:47:17
we were talking about that's that Max of total cases um which is the the highest
number of our infection count so we have 33 so we're at I mean we're we're right up
there on the list let's look for other large countries I mean it's us you know
there's Israel there's Belgium Portugal France so you know we're up almost to about
10% in a lot of these countries so some some of us including the United States we
are we are in there as well some of us has have really high

02:47:48
percentage rates we just did not keep it under control um and you know a large
amount of the population has gotten it that's what this one shows um now let's look
uh kind of at the sad side of things we were just looking at how many people were
infected let's look at how many people actually died um so let's do let's comment
and we'll say this is going to this is showing the countries with the let's do
highest high am I spelling that right yeah highest death count per

02:48:25
population um now how are we going to do this let's copy this off the bat but I
don't know if we're going to do it the exact same way because we just need location
um and not much else honestly so let's get rid of all this stuff but we do need
we're looking at the highest death count so like we did up here with the Max total
cases we're going to do Max and then we'll do total deaths I hope it's like this
total deaths um and then we'll do as total oops total death

02:49:04
count um and we'll order that by the total death count see I don't need this I
think yeah I need to group by because there's an aggregate function and let's try
this really quick okay so if you're getting this there's a there's a simple slash
confusing explanation to this total deaths right now let's go into our covid deaths
columns okay let's show the total deaths which is right here it's an nvar chart 255
it's an issue with the data type um oh wait total deaths no total deaths right here

02:49:47
it's an issue with the data type um it just has to do with how the data type is
read when you use this aggregate function we need to convert it um or cast it is
what we're actually do we need to cast this as an integer so that's red as a
numeric um why I cannot 100% give you a perfect explanation for it but this happens
all the time you just need to look at the data and realize oh it's probably because
of this data type let's try something else um and then it'll work so let's cast
this

02:50:17
and we're in casting it I find is just easier but just as int boom there you go so
now we're taking this nvar chart 255 over here and then we are converting it to an
integer now let's run this um and let's get rid of this just for visual visual
purposes now we are much more accurate but we have a slight issue or we're we're
now seeing a slight issue with our data in our data in the location section we have
a few ones that really shouldn't be there ones like world or Africa um or South
America these are

02:51:04
grouping entire continents so let's go back up to our um let's go back up here and
let's do actually let's pull it up really quick because this is just part of
exploring the data and figuring it out so if we scroll down um we're going to f
we're going to see one like right where is it right here this this location is all
of Asia whereas in other ones the continent is Asia if I can pull one up real quick
so like right here the continent is Asia whereas before the location is Asia but

02:51:39
if you also notice um the continent is null here so what we need to do is say um uh
where continent is not null because when it is null that means that this location
is actually an entire continent and we don't want that um that may be helpful for
us um later on but it is not helpful now so now this right here will get rid of
that um and just knowing that figuring that out now we can add that to every every
script um and we can do you know you don't have to do this I'm just doing this for
you know visual purposes I'm

02:52:18
not going to do that for everyone um so let's say where continent is not null and
now let's look at this and now you can see that the United States is number one and
so number one is not the best thing to be number one in but we have a death count
of 576,000 and again I I googled this earlier these numbers are pretty accurate
there some of them are like a day or two behind give me a second I'm going to take
a water they're like a couple days behind um this number is actually higher um and

02:52:53
as you know as we continue to have more people die unfortunately that number just
continues to go up um so the data that that you download may be a a lot higher um
as of right now we've been breaking everything out by location right really quickly
let's just do this by something we kind of saw earlier um and I'm just going to do
this for breaking it up purposes but I'm going to say I'm going do caps lock let's
break things down by continent how SP continent Contin jeez is that even how you
spell

02:53:33
it I don't even know let's keep going um but now we can do consonant right here and
we'll just copy and paste that let's get that back up here um and now we can see
where continent is not null let's see if that makes that yeah okay so now it's
breaking it out by continents um with North America South America Asia Europe
Africa Oceana is this perfect no no it's not perfect um North America looks like
it's only including the numbers from the United States and not Canada um so we have
some small

02:54:19
issues in here um but for the purposes of what we're trying to do which I don't
think anyone's going going to come in here and fact check us or check the data they
may and then you're I don't know you might be screwed but for the purposes of
hierarchy um and you know drill that drill down effect in Tableau which is
something we are going to do we want want to start including this continent in our
in our queries so that we can drill down um further into these things um we can
also do where just wait I'm

02:54:55
going to do where isnull um actually let me see so before we were doing work
continent is not null but let's do location I'm just I I'm doing this on the Fly I
haven't done this before I just kind of am doing this um this actually is the
correct numbers and I don't know why I didn't do this before when I was actually
creating this project but now this is a wonderful beautiful thing I believe this is
the correct numbers um I could verify but I don't want to do that live because I I

02:55:26
might look stupid but I think this is accurate um remember before we were looking
at the location and the location um and it was actually the countries itself and
then there were ones where we did where is notnull to get rid of all the ones that
were like world and all those other things well now I'm just filtering on those
instead of deleting them before we were looking at everything but these now we're
only looking at these and these numbers look a lot more accurate so with that being

02:55:54
said um I'm going to use this going forward in my script so I'm going to kind of
change things up to where from what I originally had um let me see though because
if that is the case it may screw up our drill down effect um which is highly
unfortunate I may I I honestly might just revert back to it for the pure fact that
we want the visualizations to look correct um just know that this is the right way
and if you want to go back and do that I highly encourage that I didn't figure that
out

02:56:24
my first time around um but I'm willing to admit when I'm wrong let me see what let
me do a time check all we're run like 50 minutes or so I think we're gonna we're
just going to keep going all the way through I I I don't think we're going to stop
um I don't think we're going to stop in this project so we want to do some of the
the above queries were kind of what we were going for nothing crazy difficult right
nothing crazy hard um and now we want to we want to start

02:56:55
breaking this out by um continent as well I'm I'm going to go back and is this
correct let me look no so is not no um so we want to start doing some of the above
queries but adding that content in there you can even go back and add that as well
um if you want to that's totally fine I'm going to do some more queries down here
um or at least one more one or two more and then we're going to start getting I
think into some a little bit more advanced things we're going to start getting into
some temp tables uh

02:57:34
stuff like that because we're going to eventually set these up in um views so that
we have these views to um use for Tableau later um and again it shows you know how
to create a view so that's important so we we've we've done this first one this
next one is going to let me go down one more this is showing the continents with
the highest death count so almost the exact same as we did before but now we're
looking at the continents um we can even go up and look at uh just wait we
literally just

02:58:16
did that um so that's what this one is actually looking at my notes wrong idiot
okay perfect um now we you know we want to start looking at this from a Viewpoint
of I'm going to visualize this so how do we do that what we want to look at let's
look at some Global numbers um you can do as many many of these as you want
anything up here just add continent to it um anything what like groupy just replace
it with continent and you and you got it um so I don't want to go through and do
every

02:58:54
single one of those but that is kind of the gist of what you might want to do
especially if you want that drill down effect and if you don't know what that is um
you know it's like clicking on North America and then when you bring up North
America then it shows all the countries in North America so Canada uh and the
United States and so it's a drill down so you like on Africa and then there's all
the African countries that's what drilling down does and that's what you can do
when you have um

02:59:20
those layers so you have the continent then you have the location um so you know
I'm not going to we we'll look at that when we actually get to Tableau but I don't
want to actually spend all the time writing that out um but what we now want to do
is we want to calculate everything for the across the entire world so let's do this
let's say um breaking let's do Global let's just say global global numbers easier
easier than nothing um all right uh I let me really quick find the

03:00:08
I think it's probably the first one the death percentage let me let me see if this
is the one that we want [Music] okay let me see all right so let's take this one
I'm sorry that took me a while to find again I'm not cutting any of this stuff out
you just got to stick with me you if you're sticking with me this long I know you
care I know you're not you're not cutting away because I'm trying to figure things
out on my side so um let me get rid of this so this is the exact

03:00:43
same SC what well let's say where just so we can get the right numbers um so we are
now going to look at the global numbers uh so we're not going to we're not going to
uh include any location any continent or anything like that but we do want to make
sure that we're only looking at all of the um countries and we're not looking at
the world numbers plus all the countries because then the numbers would get
astronomical so instead of now now we can't do so let's try running this

03:01:19
really quick so now we really can't do this um because now it's breaking everything
out by um by you know that uh which is the date it's breaking everything out by the
date because um these total case the numbers are different right so really quick
let's Group by date and now let's see what it looks like uh it's going to give us
an error obviously that's because we're looking at um that's because when we're
looking at this we're looking at multiple things

03:02:00
and we can't Group by just the dates obviously if we wanted to group by something
which we need to do we then need to um start using aggregate functions on
everything else um so really quickly let's do some aggregate functions I'm looking
at my notes for just a second um to see what I did basically what we want to do and
I think what'll make things easier is I mean I could try to do the sum of Max total
cases I don't think that's possible um let me comment this out really

03:02:39
quick yeah um it's because there's an aggregate function within an aggregate fun
function and we can't really do that um if we go back to the data and you we kind
of looked at this earlier there's one called new cases um let's use this because
instead of doing Max we can just sum it or or or do a sum on it and that's going to
give us the sum of all the new cases which adds up to the total cases so if we do
this let's see this will give us on each day the total across the world because

03:03:18
we're not filtering by any continent or or we're filtering out um like the world
and in the actual continents we're not filtering by location or continent or
anything it's just by date so we're looking at the sum of the new cases so now
let's do uh let's do the [Music] sum of uh new underscore deaths and we can run
that one um operating data type and our chart is invalid for the some operator so
going back um and this is something I encountered a lot when I was doing this

03:03:58
is these new cases is a float which is why it's working in the sum but the new
deaths is an narar so what we need to do again is cast that as an integer it's just
the easiest thing to do um and now that one should work so um let's get rid of the
well let's get rid of down to here so we're we're about to do another one and
that's going to be our death percentage globally across um across the I guess the
world so we need to do the sum of I think it's we need to do new

03:04:39
deaths all right divided by the sum of new [Music] cases all right times 100 let's
see what this takes us um okay of course we're getting the same thing let me um let
me put this right here and see if this works um invalid data oh that's because this
was new cases the new deaths one is right here and let's run this and now we are
looking good um and as you can see the death percentage is right here we have 91 um
and let me give these I don't we can't let me go back real quick and just

03:05:38
say as total cases as as total deaths um and let's run that again okay and so
across the world these are our numbers so we have total cases on that very first
day that cases were starting to be reported there were 98 total cases there was one
total deaths that gives us a death percentage of 1% across the country or across
the world and as we scroll down it gets lower and lower and that's cuz we have a
lot of people who have gotten infected are the total cases um and again that's per
day right so if we

03:06:28
remove this all together that date Al together which we can do right now this will
uh this will give us the total cases which is oh gosh let me read this through one
two 150 million um versus 3,180 26 so overall across the world we are looking at a
um a death percentage of a little over 2% so interesting numbers you can keep both
of those queries separate if you'd like um you know they might come in handy later
but let's do this so we have um give me one second check on my notes again because
I just want to make sure

03:07:23
I'm not doing something stupid all right all right so again we have a whole another
table that we haven't used yet uh it's this covid vaccinations um and just to you
know refresh your memory let's do um let's look at the table from portfolio
project. Co vaccinations let's jog our memory on what we got here so we have um we
have these tests we have um vaccinations over here which was what we're actually
going to be using um excuse me me uh that's what we are going to be

03:08:17
using so let's join these two tables together uh and let's let's actually just do
from actually let's just do this whole thing from let's do covid deaths and here's
how we're going to join it so we're going to say join and we're going to say oops
wait that is wrong join and we're going to say on so what are we going to join them
on um we're going to join them on two things we're going to join them on location
because that's much more specific than the continent

03:08:55
we're going to join them on location and we're going to join them on date let's
call this one DEA let's call this one vaccination so a little Alias for these so
that we don't have to type out this entire table name each time so let's do dea.
location is equal to vac. location and da do and we'll say date is equal to vac.
date and let's just see what we get really quick so we'll have all of these things
and let's look at Granada 0717 let's go all the way over

03:09:39
here and it should have Gren 0717 so just making sure that they were joined
correctly um for this query what we're going to do is look at the total population
and let's do that right here so looking at total population versus vaccination so
how many PE what is the total amount of people in the world that have been
vaccinated that is that is what we're going to do in this query right here so let's
do dea. continent location uh da. date again these are going to be the same in
either one but

03:10:26
we have to specify um let me just for example if we do population population oh
actually that's a terrible example um because population's only in one let me go
back real quick let me say I only write date that's going to give me an error
because there's date in both of them in fact we joined it on them so we know
there's date in both of them so it's going to give us an error we just have to
specify what table we want to pull it from so we going to do DEA um and da.
population just to keep

03:10:56
it consistent um and now we're going to add the next one da do and let's do new
vaccinations um and really quick let's just look at this um and let me get my
orders cu I want it to be organized I I actually one let's do one two three I don't
like it when it's not organized it bothers me so we're looking at oh no I also need
to add or consonant is not [Music] null there we go uh da perfect now let's run
this this should look much better there we go all right we are in fact if we want
to look

03:11:48
at Afghanistan like we have normally been doing um in previous ones we do two
slash3 so there's our population here's our new vaccinations now let's see we're
going to go back go down and let's see they have vaccinations starting on 218 um if
we go even further down let's just go to who's this Canada oh yeah Canada would be
a good one to look at they started doing vaccinations on right here so 12:15 I mean
they started very early and their numbers only increased and now they're you know
doing this is

03:12:34
per day right so this is 288,000 in one day um so that's you know really high
numbers but this is the number of new vaccinations um there is a column called
total vaccinations in this table but we're going to do something pretty just to
display again this whole portfolio project is to show potential employers that you
know how to do certain things so I want to set up opportunities to do that we're
not going to use the total vaccinations we're going to use this new vaccinations
which is new vaccinations

03:13:04
per day um so we want to we want to know or do kind of like a rolling count um out
here so as this number let me go back to the beginning as this number increases 718
2300 4179 we want it to add up over here it's a pretty cool thing I mean you know
it's once you see it you'll be like oh that's pretty easy but you know we're going
to be using partition bu we're going to be using um uh this a Windows function so
it's really good to to Showcase I think so we're going to do

03:13:45
um and let's do um we need to do the sum because we're going to be adding these
together so we need to do the sum of new vaccinations oops do the sum of new
vaccinations let's do over and we're going to say partition oh gosh Partition by
and we need to Partition by the location first and foremost because we're breaking
it up by if we do it by continent the numbers are going to be completely off we
need to do it by location location and and also partly the date but you'll see that
in just a

03:14:32
second but we need to partition it by breaking it up by um location and why is that
because every time it gets to a new location we want the count to start over we we
don't want this aggregate function to just keep running and running running it'll
ruin all of our numbers we only want the this part a partition on the the location
so that it runs only through Canada and then when it gets to the next country it
doesn't keep going um and if we only did that by the way let's look at what this

03:15:01
looks like uh okay real quick I need to cast this um as an integer like we've been
doing in the past you can also do um real quick I want to show you another one
convert and I think it's comma [Music] integer um or is it integer comma let me try
integer comma I think it's that way actually um and you can do it this way as well
that is up to you um you know either one is totally fine if you want to use both
that's even better because then it kind of shows you can do both um but they
basically do the exact same

03:15:41
thing so let's go down and let's see what what's happening here so it goes down to
Albania and since we're partitioning on Albania Albania their total amount of
vaccinations is 347,000 I know that going into it because it has it on every single
stinking row but down here they started to add they started to add up right but we
didn't do that we only partitioned on location so it added it did the sum of all
the new vaccinations by that location so what we need to do is go over here and say
order by and we

03:16:20
need to order it by both the location oops da. location and the date that is very
important uh the date is what's going to separate it out um and you'll see in just
a second what I mean so now let's run this and let's go back down to Albania I
think it was so here's Albania let's go to our first one so here's what we have we
have 60 and it gives us 60 then we add 78 so we add 60 + 78 = 138 then 78 + 1 78
sorry 60 + 78 + 42 = 180 then 60 + 78+ 142 + 61 241 so you get the point it adds up
every single uh

03:17:07
consecutive one and when there's nulls or there's zeros it's going to uh not
anything it's just going to keep it uh going and then you can see as it's it's a
rolling count so we're going to name this let's do as um let's do as um rolling
people vaccinated let's call that um I think that's good now what we want to do is
actually look at the total population versus the vaccinations um and really what we
want to do is use this rolling people vaccinated we want to use the max number

03:17:52
because at the very bottom is our Max number this is how many people in Albania um
we want to use that number and divide it by the population to know how many people
in that country are vaccinated so what we want to do is we'll do this we'll do
rolling people vaccinated divided by population times 100 and as you can see we're
getting an error you can't use a column that you just created to then use the next
one so what we need to do is we need to create either a CTE or a temp table um this
is at this is the time of

03:18:32
of the show of this tutorial whatever you want to call it where I'm going to give
you some options you can do one you can do both you know there's no preference to
me um but we're going to take this and we're going to at least for this first one
we're going to use a CT so we're going to say excuse me we're going to say with and
let's call it um pop vers vac I don't know population versus vaccination and then
all we need to do is specify the um basically the columns

03:19:16
that we're going to input um so let's put as and let's insert that down here
because what we need to do is we want to say um we do continent oh gosh I'm so bad
at spelling continent uh location date population um and then we'll have this
rolling people vaccinated that should be it um and let's see if there's we just
need to close this parentheses so this is our CTE it should be working um actually
that's not true I need an open parenthesis here that's why it's giving me that

03:20:05
error um let's see it's I'm still getting an error so let me see if I'm doing
something wrong do I have this in parentheses there and there I say with pop back
there continent location date population ah I believe that is the issue so then we
need we just need to add that last column new vaccinations um if the number of
columns in the CTE is different than the number of columns here it's going to give
you an error so you got to make sure um and then let's just say for real for right

03:20:53
now select everything from and we'll do and we can even say pop versus vag it'll
come up right away so really quickly let's run this and see what happens uh the
order by Clause can't be in there I knew that but whoops let's comment that out
let's get that all the way up here let's run this so now that query that we were
looking at before is now in here but now we can actually use it to perform further
calculations um so we'll just do everything comma and then we'll do rolling people

03:21:31
vaccinated uh divided by and that needs to be population time 100 I'm pretty sure
this is incorrect give me me a second um invalid object oh it's because I have to
run it with the CTE my bad um so let's look at this percentage really quick um it's
not wrong and it's actually going to give us a rolling number and this may actually
be what we want um so basically what it's doing is it's taking this column and
doing it versus this column and so this number should only increase because

03:22:17
as this number increases this number will increase because the population stays
stagnant um again I'm kind of looking at this as we go so right now 12% of the
population in um Albania is vaccinated so that you know that is that's all we know
I don't think we need to go any further than that I think um if you want to you can
look at the max one um but you'll have to get rid of date and just keep the
location um population Etc because the date is going to throw everything off so if
that's something you want to

03:22:56
do absolutely do that um you can use a temp table here uh we can look at how to do
that really quickly I think um so that you guys know how to do that again I
recommend throwing in one or two of these um like even up here you can do different
um different counts and then do one for each um so let's do temp table all right so
it's going to be a lot of the same stuff we're going to keep this and this is going
to be what we insert so let's say insert into and we need to write where we're
inserting it into but

03:23:42
let's say uh again I'm only doing this for it's going to be basically the same it's
going to have the same effect but um with a temp table so uh we're going to do temp
table and let's look at um let's say let's call percent population vaccinated and
we need to specify our columns so let's go down here excuse me let's go down here
and let's do the basically the exact same thing so continent I think I spelled that
right no I didn't spell that right I

03:24:18
almost did I got really confident we'll do we and and just so you know for these we
have to specify the data type as well um because we're basically creating like a
genuine table is just a temporary one so let's do invar Char 255 we'll do um
location we'll do the same thing and barar oops 255 we need to do date and we'll do
that as date time we'll do population and we can do I mean there's lots of
different ones we can do but we'll do numeric for this example there's new uncore

03:24:59
vaccinations and let's do that one as numeric again you can use different things um
and then we'll do rolling people vaccinated Um this can can be numeric as well um
and then we need to insert that into here okay so we're inserting the data and then
down here we can actually select it and let's let's take this and do right here
except we're going to be doing this by this right here but it hasn't been created
yet but it will be created in just a second okay so you let me see if

03:25:40
yeah so these were the rows that were affected um and and then we got our actual
output from this right here now let's say you wanted to change something in here
you're like oh you know I I don't want to do it we this let me comment that out and
then let me do this and um create that table again oh no we got an error um how can
we get around this very simple I've done this in a I should do this in a different
one you can do drop table if exist and then do this right here um and when we run
this it

03:26:18
should give us our output I highly recommend just adding this especially if you
plan on making any alterations so that when you um run it multiple times you don't
have to you know go and then delete the view or or delete the temp table or drop
temp table or you know it's just built in it's at the top it's easy to maintain and
it looks good it's it's something that that a lot of people do and so if you have
that at the top of your query and somebody you know somebody who wants to hire you
looks at

03:26:49
this like oh okay that makes sense I'm glad they included that they know what
they're doing this guy's smart I should hire them um now what we're going to do is
uh I feel like I've showed you as much as I can show you um with the limited data
that we've looked at again I could have done this for six hours straight if I had
used all the data at least I mean there's just so much data but let's create a view
you know I'm only going to show you how to create one view but I want you to go
back and

03:27:18
create multiple views you know if this is one that you want to look at these Global
numbers um let's look at this one really quick if you want to look at this number
right here toss it in a view I mean that one doesn't make sense to toss in a view
but this one toss these numbers in a view um and we're we're going to um look at it
in Tableau later but for right now let's just create our view um so like let's just
say creating view to store data for later visualizations all right so let's say

03:27:57
create view um and I want I'm just going to keep the same thing um like that um and
for views it's so easy I mean I'm literally just going to and I can even take um
the order by I believe we'll see if I'm correct um actually let's get rid of both
of these things so it says create view percent uh percent populate oops percent
population vaccinated um and let's see am I doing anything wrong [Music] here let
me see the order by clause I was completely wrong I was wondering

03:28:45
why I was getting that now let's try running it okay so it ran successfully um
let's look at our views it's not going to be in there let's refresh it hey look we
got our very first view we can open that up like a table if we want to um isn't
it's I mean it's gorgeous um if you want to get rid of that select or sorry control
shift R that's a refresh um and now it it basically recognized is it but let's go
back here for a second um and you know we can now query

03:29:19
off of that it's a view now so you know it's it's something that you can it's
permanent you know you have to go in and actually delete it's not like a temp table
this is now permanent and this could be something that we now use for a
visualization later so do some of these look at some of the queries that we've
looked at and create a few of these views um and we will use them later um normally
in like a normal setting uh if I was actually working I would put some of these in
actual like I would

03:29:51
call them like a work view or a work table or something set aside so that I can use
them consistently um but I would also set them aside so that I could connect
Tableau to that view now we're going to be using something called Tableau public
that'll be in the very next tutorial unfortunately um let me see if I can show you
I can't show you Tableau public does not connect to SQL databases um and that's
because it's free and I totally get it you have to pay for the upgraded version but
I am

03:30:24
not a a billionaire okay I cannot afford uh the real version of Tableau I'm also
not like a student or or like something where I can get it cheap so I'm not paying
for that so we're going to use Tableau public and and I recommend this anyways
because anybody can access it it's it's free for anybody so we're going to be using
Tableau in the next one to actually visualize a lot of these things I want to get
at least five visualizations we're going to create a dashboard it's going to be a
beautiful

03:30:50
beautiful thing all right so the very last thing that we are going to do is we are
going to actually save this and then put it into GitHub and I just want to show you
how to do that that's where we're going to be storing our code at least for now um
so let's go up here let's click file let's click save as I've already have multiple
versions of this let's just put B2 we're going to save that so we have this saved
now I'm going to go over here I'm going to go to my GitHub now if you

03:31:21
don't have an account I highly recommend getting an account so you can start
putting your portfolio projects in here of course we're not going to put our
Tableau one in here but our SQL ones and our python ones you can put in here again
I'll talk a lot more about how we actually want to display this in GitHub or other
places but what we're going to do for this is we're going to create a new
repository let's call this one portfolio projects make it public we'll create the

03:31:54
repository we'll do all that extra stuff later so what we now want to do is upload
an existing file we'll click right there go to choose files and we'll click this
latest one that we saved uh and we'll open it and we can always change the name of
it later on and you can add notes if you'd like but we'll commit that change so
we'll actually upload this uh this file um but let's look at it really quick and
I'm going to go back and I'm going to use the real one where has the

03:32:27
formatting and and the notes that I have that I wanted to add in there but as you
can see you know you can see all of the queries that we wrote and this is fantastic
so if somebody comes in here you know we'll have more notes and kind of better
comments on what they do um and what the takeaway is this from for a hiring manager
to you know when they actually look at this so this is a really really good place
to start again uh this may not be your optimal place to put this I'll give you a
few different
03:32:58
options in a later video about how we can actually uh potentially improve upon this
I'm really looking forward to getting more portfolio projects done so we can
actually start building a compl complete portfolio uh if you've stuck around all
this way I just want to say congratulations I mean I know this was a long video I
know that it took a long time but you stuck with me uh you you put in the hard work
and that is fantastic and I really hope that it pays off and I hope that this has
been

03:33:29
helpful thank you for watching we'll have a lot more uh videos in the future on
these portfolio projects and I'm I'm just really really looking forward to doing
them to be honest so thank you for sticking with with me uh thank you for watching
I really appreciate it if you like this video be sure to like And subscribe below
and I will see you in the next [Music] video what's going on everybody welcome back
to another video today we will be heading back in a sequel for our third portfolio

03:34:10
project now I am extremely excited for this project in particular for a few reasons
one we're getting back into SQL and I really like SQL and two we are finally
focusing on data cleaning and I have talked so much about why data cleaning is
important and that you really need to learn how to clean data and that that's a big
part of what a data analyst does but I haven't actually showed you how to do it yet
and so that is what this whole project is going to be and then at the end you'll
get to add it to your

03:34:39
portfolio so it's really a win-win now before we start I just want to say that I
think it's going to be a little bit more advanced than our very first video in
Sequel where we walk through data exploration if you see something that you have
never seen before I will do my best to explain it while we're walking through it
but if you get confused or it seems a little complicated please pause it Google it
do a little bit of research and then come back and I think that will be very
helpful with that being said

03:35:02
let's jump over to my screen and we'll get started on the project so we're going to
start over here on GitHub and this is where I've actually put the data set that we
are going to be using so I will put this link in the description uh we're going to
go right over here to the Nashville housing data for data cleaning all you have to
do is Click download and it's going to download it and you can open it up if you
want to we're not going to do anything to this data at all

03:35:26
but really quick I'm just going to show you what it does look like um and we'll of
course look at this in SQL in just a little bit but we have a unique ID parcel ID
uh we have this address a sales date uh the price of the home so this is housing
data if you didn't pick up on that already uh who actually owns the home the owner
address and then some information about land value um bedrooms bathrooms things
like that again not super important um because we're going to be doing all of
03:35:55
this in uh SQL so let's actually get this data into SQL we're going to import it
the exact same way that we did uh in the very first video so we're going to come
right over here going to go all the way down to Microsoft SQL Server 2019 Import
and Export we'll click next our data source is like last time a Microsoft Excel and
let's take a look and we'll take that first one this is the most recent one I've
downloaded but I just wanted to make sure so I downloaded a few times um for the

03:36:32
destination we're going to click SQL Server native client 11.0 and this is my
client or my server right here and I'm going to go down here and I want to put it
in this portfolio project so you know just configure this to what your server is um
again if you haven't done this before you've never set up SQL server or a server um
to go on SQL Server I will leave a link hopefully right here also in the
description uh like I did for the first project so um you know be sure to go
through that

03:37:04
video so that you know how to download this and have everything we're going to copy
the data we're going to take sheet one um we could renamed sheet one to something
else but uh we didn't and then we're going to finish this and finish and it should
run successfully hopefully it's looking good perfect so we have 56477 so let's head
over to SQL all right let's go to our database portfolio project uh and here is our
sheet one now I'm going to rename this um let's rename name it what is it

03:37:42
Nashville let's just do Nashville housing that's what I'm going to rename it as um
at least so when I post these queries um to the GitHub and you see them this is
what they will be so if you want to have them the exact same or be able to copy and
paste them um you know you should you should do that as well so let's take a look
really quick let's select the top 1,000 but there's about 56,000 rows there's a lot
of data in here um and a lot of things so uh I'm about to open up a a save thing

03:38:13
and we'll walk through the exact things that we're going to be working on in just a
little bit but um yeah this is what the data looks like in here there's lots of
columns uh lots of data so really excited about this um let me pull this open
really fast it's going to be this project walkth through here are the things and
I'm going to show you this really quickly here are the things that we're going to
be walking through so we're going to standardize the date format we're going to
populate the

03:38:38
property address data um that's referring to this right here if you notice there's
the address and there's also the city that it's in so we want to be able to
separate that out um and that is actually right over here we're going to be doing
the same same thing to the owner address except that has an address a city and the
state um which makes it a little bit more complicated and so um that one should be
really really cool to to show you um oh whoops I I messed up that's what this one
is breaking out

03:39:09
into individual columns that's where going to do for that this popular in the
property address um you know if you notice and we'll go into this a little bit
there's actually some values in the property address that are blank but I'm going
to show you how you can actually populate that um which you know is a it's just a
cool trick that I've used a few times and it it it does work I think you'll find
that one interesting um in the sold as vacant field we're going to

03:39:34
be doing some um some case statements if then um then we're going to be removing
duplicates and then delet deleting unused columns so we have a lot to get through
this could be potentially the longest video and I'm okay with that um because I'm I
love SQL down here and and I will say that when I when I in the very first video I
said it was going to be an ETL video um and I fully intended on doing that but I
ran into not issues on my side but issues in the fact that the ma vast majority of
people who are

03:40:06
going to be watching this are not going to be able to do what I did to configure my
server um but I left it in here anyways when I think ETL is an automated process in
order to uh extract the data from somewhere we're going to transform it and then
put it somewhere this was going to be the extraction method um and I was going to
put it in a store procedure so that you could um you know run the run the store
procedure run the job import the data it was going to be really cool but I know
that if I was

03:40:33
having trouble with it me trying to explain it to you and you being able to figure
it out on your side was going to be very tough I left the this anyways because I
was able to get to work on my computer um but it is tough and it took a lot of
research um and I did this for a previous server like a year or two ago and I
remember it being crazy hard but I was able to figure it out on my computer so if
you want to try it out um try it out and and look into the stuff so I'm going to
leave this here this is just

03:41:01
for if you want to try it it's a little more advanced um and so you don't have to
just important and this will be a data cleaning project instead of an ETL project
but data cleaning is what 90% it was going to be anyways um anyways let's go back
up to the very top really quickly I have a whole another laptop right here as I did
in the first video I didn't show it to you last time but um I have all of my
queries written out over here I'm going to try to do this as quickly as possible

03:41:31
we have a lot to get through now before we start writing our queries I am going to
turn off my camera so I do not get in the way all right you should still be hearing
my voice let's let get started let's just start with select everything and we'll do
from uh and it is portfolio project. db. Nashville housing so let's just get this
pulled up on screen awesome so this is exactly what we were looking at before and
the very first thing that we're going to be looking at is this sale date now uh I
wrote standardized

03:42:07
sale date but I'm really just going to change the sale date um so let's copy this
really quick and let's look at just s date and it has this time on the end and it
serves absolutely no purpose and I it just annoys me I want to take that off and so
right now it's a say it's a date time format but we're going to convert and we're
going to do date and we're going to take sale date sale date and we're going to go
like that and let's run this really quick and this is what we want it to

03:42:47
look like all right so let's say update and we have portfolio project specified up
here so we can just say Nashville housing and we are going to set sale date equal
to and we're just going to copy this now I will say before we do this um I had some
issues in my when I was initially doing it whether or not it made the update and I
was I'm not sure why why not it was doing it um so yeah it's not doing it right now
I you try it out on yours it may or may not be working I'm not exactly sure why
that is

03:43:22
because I would say like 80% of the time it's doing it 10 20% it's not I don't know
why um no logical explanation of that but uh when I most the time when I did it
they would then be the same column something we can do I just thought of we can do
alter alter can't even say that word alter table and we can say um I think it's new
or it's add add um give me one second yeah so add and we'll just do sale date
converted um and let's make that a date format and bum just like this and then

03:44:04
we can say like this and say sale date converted um let's try this and see what
happens so I'm going to add this column and then I'm going to update this and it
says it's affected let's see what happened uh so let's write sale date convert sale
date converted let's see what happened let's see if it actually worked and it
worked okay so we we now have a column um and maybe at the end we'll remove that
sale date column U so that we just have that sale date converted but we know what
that is you

03:44:47
don't have to name it that you can name it sale date to or something like that um
cool well let's go down to the property address and let's get a just a really quick
look at it uh let's copy this up here I hate rewriting this stuff so I'm always
copying and pasting um but we're going to be working with the prop address there we
go so let's take a look at this really quick um so let's look at sorry I was
looking at my notes we need to look at where the property address is null so what
you'll

03:45:29
see really quick when we run this is that there are null values um why there are
null values yeah I really don't know um I I really am not sure but let's look at
everything where this is um where it's n so we have this property address we have a
sale date a price legal reference um there's this parcel ID and there's this unique
ID um so we have a lot of information and when you have something like this
something like a u an address an address is you know the address isn't going to
change

03:46:08
the address is the address the owner the owner's address might change but the
property itself the address 99.9% of the time is not going to change so you can say
with almost certainty that you know this property address could be populated if we
had a reference point um to base that off of so really quickly um let's look at
just everything and let's look at and we'll just order by let's do property not
property address uh let's do parcel ID and let's take a look at this so we have to
do a little bit of

03:46:50
some research on this um but I'm going to show you something really quick let's see
if I can find example um in not too long okay so here's an example here's the same
ID so 015 bum and that's the exact same address and we'll find this a lot of times
and I look through the data and it's it is pretty much accurate um when it does
have it it it is the exact same address so this parcel ID is going to be the same
as the property address um so something that we can do is basically say if this
parcel ID has an

03:47:33
address and this parcel ID does not have an address let's populate it with this
address that's already populated because we know these are going to be the same
that is basically what we are about to do um and it's not super complicated um but
let's get started writing it let's copy that down there um one thing we are going
to have to do with this is do a self-join so we have to join the table to itself to
look at if this is equal to this then this needs to be equal to this that kind of

03:48:11
thing um so real quick let's just write that join part out and we'll go from there
I don't know why I sounded Canadian right there we'll go from there uh so we'll
join on this and we'll say on a do oh wait let's let's label them I'm gonna do this
in a really lazy way I'm just going to do a and b a. parcel ID is equal to b.
parcel ID and um let's see really quick so we need to find a way to distinguish
these the sale date could be the same um one thing this unique ID is

03:48:51
is unique so we need these to be different so let's use this and let's say um let's
say and a. unique ID is not equal to b. unique ID so all we have done here is we've
joined these the same exact table to it self and we said where the partiel ID is
the same but it's not the same row right because this is a unique ID unique will
never that means these will never repeat themselves so we'll never get the same one
so if this is equal to this but these are different we want to then populate um

03:49:29
populate the other one so let's do a. parcel ID and we'll say a do property address
B do parcel ID comma bproperty address um and let's take a look at this really
quick and let's do let me see if this works where aproperty address is null and
let's see if see what comes up here okay so this is perfect this is exactly what I
wanted to see so we have this parcel ID we have this parcel ID and here is our
address and it's blank in all 35 of these so we have an address for all of these
but we're not

03:50:16
populating it so what we want to do is we want to say use this thing called isnull
so isnull is basically saying it's the first thing is what do we want to check to
see if it's null so we want to check aproperty address this whole thing now if it
is null what do we want to populate um we want to put in there this B do bproperty
um address because we want to take that property address and stick it in there so
um let's run this really quick so this row is what is eventually going to be stuck
into this

03:50:56
row so this is perfect um it's literally saying when it's null take take this and
put it there and so that's what this um this part of is doing so let's go in here
and write our update uh so we want to update and let's take this whole thing from
here up and we this will be the set oops um so we're going to set um property okay
we need to specify um and just so you know when you're doing joins in an update
statement you're not going to say Nashville housing okay that's

03:51:37
going to give you an error you need to use it by by its Alias so let's put a so now
we're going to say property address is going to be equal to and now we're just
going to copy this is null and put it right here and we only want to update let's
see if it it does take this so I think this should be correct let's let's test it
out really quick and we're going to run this above query and see if it made that
update all right so there you go um as you can see there are now none that have

03:52:10
null in there otherwise it'd be giving us an output right now so that one is fixed
we can go back and check it if you want to please go back and and double check that
um but that is what we did and it worked perfectly so that's what that is null does
it checks to see if this is null if it is null it it it can populate with a value
you can also do like a string and what we I mean you can write you know no address
if you wanted to do something like that we don't want to do that we're going to
keep it how it

03:52:41
is let's keep moving on we do not have unlimited time here trying to keep this I'm
going to try to keep this on one under two hours stretching the rules because for
my love of SQL and that is the only reason um and this I think is going to take a
little longer so let's take a look and let's copy this real quick and let's take a
look at uh what are we doing the property address the property address um and we
can get rid of this as well so if you notice we have two things here we have both
the address and then

03:53:22
there's this comma after all of them and there is the city now you know you don't
know that or you maybe you haven't looked into this but I have and there are no
other commas anywhere except for in between these things as a separator as a
delimiter um a delimiter is lit if you don't know what if you've never heard that
term delimiter a delimiter um is something that separates different columns or
different values so for us the delimer is a comma and for this first one because
we're going to be separating

03:53:56
this one out and then we're going to be doing the owner address um for this one
we're going to be using something called a substring and we're also going to be
using something called a character index or a charart index so let's start writing
that out and let's do select and let's say substring now the substring that we want
to take we of course want to be looking at oops let me um put this down here so it
helps us out a little bit and I'll get do like that so substring and of course
we're looking at

03:54:32
property address and we want to look at position one so we're going to start at
position one one now this next part is something that you may have never seen
before um and if that if you haven't that's totally okay um we're going to be the
character index is going to be searching for the um it's going to basically be
searching for a specific value okay that's all it's doing and you and you can look
into this a little bit more if you want um so it's going to be Char

03:55:04
index that's how it's spelled and then like an open parentheses and we want to
specify what we're looking for so it can be anything you can even do you know if
you wanted to things like um Tom or you can do Val well you do it um like this you
can look for Tom or if you're looking for a specific word like John you can search
that that's what this is for um but we're going to do a comma where are we looking
that's what this next one is so we're looking in property address uh and then we're
going to close

03:55:36
the parenthesis and and we'd also close it again to complete off that substring and
we'll say as address um and let's just take a look really quick at this so right
now it's taking the it is basically going it's looking at property address it's
going to the very first value or starting at the first value and then it's going
until the comma Now the unfortunate thing is is we actually getting this comma in
this output and we don't want that uh you don't want a comma at the end of every
address we can

03:56:12
change that um so we can say because this is specifying a position if we just look
at this chart index which we can do really quick it is going to give us a a number
it is saying at position 19 that is where the comma is right so it's not like it's
taking it's not a value or it's not a um it's not a string it's a it's a number so
we can say minus one one and if we do that and now we run it now that comma is gone
because we're looking back we're going to the comma

03:56:49
and then going back one from uh one behind the comma so that's how you get rid of
that comma right there um the next one's a little bit more tricky because we're not
starting well it's not super tricky but we're not starting at that first position
anymore so let's put a comma then we have our substring now where we want to start
is at this as at where the comma is so instead of position one we want it to be
where that character index um I don't want it to look like this this whole time is
it like this

03:57:18
what am I doing it doesn't matter let's just get rid of this and see if that fixes
it what am I doing here oh it's just because this is wrong um and we'll just do
comma parentheses that might fix it ah doesn't matter okay I'm wasting time I'm
going to keep going we want to start in this in this position okay um but we
actually don't want to start at minus one we need to start at plus one because we
want to go to the actual comma itself then once we get to the comma we want to
03:57:55
add one so if we didn't if we just left it the same again it would include the
comma at the beginning um then we need to specify where it needs to go to where
does it need to finish now every single thing is going to be different every single
address has a different length but we can use that to our advantage in this one and
we can literally say the length of property address you guessed it right and then
we can close this off let's see if that works okay what's messing up so we have

03:58:27
property substring property address comma character index and then we have
specifying it in the comma um we have the property address plus one okay we can't
have that right there I don't know why I had that F finally figured it out at the
end um so let's see what we're doing here let's see if it worked it works perfect
um and again this was one that I'm guessing a lot of people haven't used before so
I was trying to explain it a little bit more than other ones um but if we take

03:59:01
that out we take out that plus one you're going to see the comma at the beginning
right here so that's what that is um so Plus one and that's what we're going to
keep now we can't separate two values into from one column without creating two
other columns so just like we added this um table up here we're just going to I
mean we're we're I'm just going to copy this down here really quick we're going to
create two new columns and add that value in so we're

03:59:35
gonna we're gonna add that we're going to call this um let's call it because it's
property address let's do property property split um and this is the address and
then we'll say this one this next one is going to be property and this is City
split city city and this isn't going to be a date of course uh this going to be
let's do narar and let's make it 255 just in case it's a large um just in case it
is a large string a large text so then we can say um update that update

04:00:15
that um and now we need to in insert um what we did for it so this first one is the
address so we're going to say that equals the address and we're going to take this
whole thing this whole substring oops and copy that and that's going to equal this
um and then at the end we'll we'll look at it really quick so first let's add this
table I'm going to do this one at a time really quick so you can see it so it adds
the table now it adds the results and again adds the table of city and sets that

04:00:53
City to that substring and now let's take um let's take this and just do select
everything from this and you should see at the very end because when you add it it
goes to the end we should have two new values and here we are so property split
address and property split city um it's much more usable than this I mean this
would be a nightmare not a nightmare it just be annoying to use this column I mean
now that it's separated on the address and the city it's so much more usable of
data it

04:01:27
really really is the next thing we're going to be looking at is this owner address
now it was hard enough or it was tough enough to do this um but I want to show you
maybe even a simpler way to do it even though this is more complicated so let's go
down here and let's get rid of this so let's say um let's get this and let's just
say property oops no we're doing owner owner address here we go let's just take a
look at this let's see what we got so again we're using or what

04:02:08
we have in here is the address the city and the state so what we need to do is
split all of those out um and again I don't want to use substrings again that was a
pain I want to use um something a little different something again that you may
have never seen it's called parse name um and parse name is super useful um
especially for like delimited stuff stuff that's delimited by a specific value um
so let me just show you what it is and then we'll go from there so we can say parse
parse name um and we're going to

04:02:47
be doing this on the owner address okay let's let me see let me see yeah I mean
it's because I don't have this of course I do that all the time so annoying so on
the owner address um and then let's do one and let's just see what happens uh
nothing changed of course because parse name only is useful with periods or that's
what it looks for that's what par name looks for and these are commas so something
we can just do is we can replace those commas with uh a a instead

04:03:27
of a comma we replace it with a period so super easy we're just going to do owner
address comma um and we'll look for the comma in there then we need to specify what
we need to change it to we'll change it to a period and let's close that and now
let's run it and it's taking Tennessee so something odd about at least to me odd
about parse name is that it kind of does things backwards than what you would
expect it to do uh let's really quick let's add the other things um you'll

04:04:04
you'll get a kick out well you won't get a kick out of this as much as I do here's
one two three let's execute this and it separates everything for us but it's
backwards so it's 1 2 3 you would imagine it' be one two 3 but no it's one two
three so all we need to do is go three 2 one and run this and there we go so now we
have it broken out this is now our address this is our city and this is our state
so super what I would consider super easy a lot easier than the substring but I

04:04:42
didn't want to show you the easy one first and then give you the hard one um so now
we just need to add those columns and then we need to add the values so let's do
this uh let's make some room and I need to get rid of one of these I think o did I
do that right what did I do I have my alter table update alter table update what is
this doing here what is this I don't even know what this is we'll just go like that
so now we have three perfect um so from National Housing we're going to say we're
going

04:05:19
to say this is the owner oops owner split address um actually let me just copy the
owner make it easier so we have owner split address owner split City and let's do
owner owner split and then State oops and copy there owner split City there we go
owner split address owner split address so I'm putting all the sets equal to what
we're about to add to so now this first one this three is the address we'll paste
it there the second one is the city so we'll put that oh I see what happened here
that's what

04:06:10
happened got to get rid of that um I set the owner split City equal to that middle
one and then of course the third one is the state so let's go do that and that
should be done so let's do it two at a time oops owner split address what's wrong
with that oh I probably just got to run this first let's try that tried to get good
too quick um you can do this a much more efficient way I'm just doing this for
visual purposes I would update all the tables first or add all the um columns first
I mean and then

04:06:51
do all the updating at the end that's normally how I do it but um again for visual
purposes that this is what we're doing so let's go get this actually let's get this
bring this down here um don't keep this in in your final queries it's a lot of
extra selecting everything you don't need to do that um so here we go so owner
split address owner split City owner split State again so much more usable than
when it's all in one column I mean it is 10 100 times more useful data now um you
know that

04:07:27
one to me you that gets used a lot let's keep it going I feel like we're making
fantastic time I don't even know I'm not even keeping track of time time is not
even relative anymore be three hours and I wouldn't care let's keep going um let's
take a look at this column right here sold as vacant um right now has no but let's
look at let's do select distinct oh gosh I hate when I do this I do this all the
time am I the only one I don't think I'm the only one and we'll

04:08:01
do sp uh what is it sold as okay sold as vacant let's do a distinct count on are
distinct on these so right now we have yes no n y I'm guessing which is no and yes
and then no so let's look just for just because I'm curious um let's look at a
count of I don't want to do the let me just do sold as vacant let me do a count of
this and we'll Group by uh sold is vacant okay let's run this and see what we get
oh gosh let me order by okay here we go now we're now we're

04:08:46
moving that's not what I wanted at all order by two here's what I wanted okay so at
no we have 51,000 yes 4,000 almost 5,000 no and then just a few so let's change
them to to yes and no because these are obviously the vastly more populated ones um
and we're just going to do this through a case statement so we're going to say oh
yeah let me get this ready before we start oh yeah I'm ahead of the game now let's
do select and we'll do sold as vacant and then we'll start our case

04:09:19
statement um yeah let's do right here so we'll do case when sold as vacant is equal
to yes all we want to do is say then we want to make it no oh won't make a yes what
am I doing geez I'm losing it when and I'm just oops oops oops oops ignore that
pretend that didn't happen when sold as vacant is equal to n then no and then else
we want to say if it's already if it's not one of those values it means it's
already a yes or no so we're just going to say just keep it as
04:10:08
sold as vacant and then we'll end it so let's take a look okay so let's scroll
through here and see if we get any that we can see oh I just went byy some didn't I
oh I just went buy some I know I did um let's see okay here we go so here's an N
it's now a no so this this sold as vacant as this column the newly uh the case
statement right here is changing it so the N is no so this should work all and this
will be a unique update statement um and I hope it works unlike the first update
statement

04:10:46
that we we did that was a that was a travesty um let's do update Nashville housing
um and we'll say set sorry I'm talking faster than I'm going set sold as vacant
equal to and we can just literally put in this case statement um it's not but let's
try it okay now let's go look at this again and see if it made the update there we
go the update statement worked oh fantastic it's a beautiful thing okay great I'm
glad that one worked I was worried for a second that

04:11:24
uh my update had broken in um in SQL Server now now we're going to do something um
these next two things is we're going to remove the duplicates and then we're going
to get rid of unused columns um this removing duplicate I got to be honest I don't
do it a ton in SQL but I have done it um especially for like queries you know when
I'm looking at full tables I I will write some sort of temp table and like put the
remove duplicates in there I normally don't delete actual data we are we're going
to

04:11:57
do that um but it's not a standard practice to delete data that's in um that's in
your database so just for future purposes don't blame me if you delete all the all
the duplicates back accident in your uh table at work so you can do this a few
different ways but the way I'm going to show you is we're going to write a CTE and
we're going to do some windows functions to find where there are duplicate values
okay so excuse me so let's start writing out our CTE and or

04:12:31
you know even we can write out the query first then put it into a CTE that might be
a little bit better so let's do select everything and oh my gosh I was about to do
it somebody's out there just like waiting for me to make that mistake again so we
want to partition our data um when you're doing removing duplicates we're going to
have duplicate rows and we need to be able to have a way to identify those rows
right so you can use things like rank order rank um row number there are a few
different

04:13:10
options we're going to be using row number um and you know if you want to look into
how Rank and rank uh like dense Rank and all those ones work please do that so you
know why we're doing it um but we're using row number because it's the I think the
simplest um and it's going to do what we need exactly so I'm going to get this over
here we'll say select everything because we're selecting everything then we're
going to add this row number on here so row number and we're going to do these

04:13:37
parenthesis right here we're going to say over and an open parentheses now we need
to write our partition because we're going to partition this data so we're going to
say um Partition by cool um now really quickly while we're here we need to actually
know what we're partitioning on that's helpful so let me write this so while we're
writing it we can see what we're doing we need to partition it on things that
should be unique um two basically to each row um if in I

04:14:16
guess for the sake of what we're doing we're we're going to pretend this unique ID
isn't here um although you know you could say I'm cheating it doesn't matter but
I'm going to say you know if things like the parcel ID are the same if the sale
date is the same um the property address is the same the sales price is the same
This legal reference which I'm guessing is some type of legal document saying it's
like somebody's uh property if all of those are the exact same then

04:14:45
to me that is the same data it's it's unusable just for example I mean this may I
don't I mean this data is just some random data set I found online right so that's
what we're going to be going with that's what we're going to be running with and
pretend that lie that I just told you is completely true so what we want to
Partition by let's start with the parcel um can I is this not right here why is it
saying this why is it not giving me okay doesn't even matter I'm just

04:15:13
going to say parcel ID um we can say property we'll do a property address stick
with me we're getting somewhere we'll do sale price um what do we say sale date I
mean there shouldn't be two of this they didn't sell twice on the same day come on
and then legal reference and oh I know why it's not working or my autocomplete
isn't working which I love um it's because we're creating our own partition so it's
its own column of course I don't know why I'm it's late as

04:15:56
you can see down here it's 11:15 it's getting late for me but hey I I this is an
adrenaline rush for me um now we need to order it now we want to order it on
something that should be um not necessar I guess unique so we're going to order it
on this unique ID we'll see if that actually does what we want it to do um oops
what am I doing order bu come on and we'll say uh unique oops unique ID perfect and
we should be able to close that off and we're going to call this R num I mean

04:16:34
that's just that just makes sense so now we have this and let's run this really
quick and see what happens so um and maybe we should order this as well but we'll
maybe we'll do that later yeah let's order this on parcel ID um order by parcel ID
let's just see what happens because this I think that should be pretty accurate um
let's scroll down and see if we get any this is all ones maybe should be doing it
on unique ID I don't know let's see if we get any hits okay there's a two in

04:17:16
there let's let's look at this really quick because I want to see it maybe I did
something wrong I don't know it is absolutely possible somebody play some Jeopardy
music for me real quick yeah I don't know I don't know why it's um okay so let's
see let's let's look at these two um and let's see if I did something wrong oops
don't need to pull that up I was doing some research when I when that convert by
wasn't working um okay so this one and this one it's giving

04:17:57
different row numbers so let's look at the actual data ignore the unique ID but the
data itself so the the sale date is the same the sale price is the same the legal
reference is the same the owner is the same this is the same I mean literally every
single thing in here is the same so this is a good example so we're going to in
this query that we're about to write that that will be that second one will be
deleted because we don't need it now there there's only one so it looks like this

04:18:32
is working as intended um I can also do um let's do where rowcor num is greater
than one let's see if that I don't think it will work actually yeah that's because
uh it is that is in a Windows function of course we can't do that what am I
thinking that's why we need to put it into a CTE oh of course it all comes back so
let's call this all comes back to the CT those things are amazing um let's call
this um row num num CTE and we'll say as and then open parentheses and I don't
think we can

04:19:16
have an order by in here let's do it like this and let's just do select everything
from row number CTE so again if you haven't watched my like CTE CTE video or you've
never used a CTE before um this is now basically almost like a temp table so we're
going to be able to this query down here is querying off of this table that we
quote unquote created so um it looks like it's working so all we're going to do is
select um everything from that and we want to say where row num because that's now
a row

04:19:56
is greater than one and let's order that by I don't know property address let's see
if that works and let's see what happens okay so all of these are duplicates we
have 104 of them it looks like so there's not many but it there's twos any threes
no no threes so there's multiple of these rows or columns that are basically
duplicates um and we want to delete them so all we're going to say is we're going
to select instead of saying select everything from row we're just

04:20:35
going to say delete and uh yeah I got to get rid of that order bu that doesn't work
and let's do this there's 104 let's see if it worked um so now let's do let's go
back and we'll say select everything and let's see if there's any more duplicates
in there there are none that is fantastic every I'm like biting my nails now to see
if each one of these Works um because I that first one didn't work um so yeah so it
worked we got rid of the duplicates that is fantastic um and now

04:21:08
it's smooth sailing from here because we're just going to delete some um unused
columns that we don't care about this doesn't happen often um this I would say
actually happens more in like views when I'm creating views I have a view and I'm
like oh I didn't mean to add that column let me just remove it because it's a I
don't need it you don't do this to um like the raw data that you import usually
this is I mean again best practices please don't do this to your
04:21:36
raw data that comes into your database um talk to somebody before you do this
that's just my my legal advice for the day I'm not legally bound or legally held
responsible for any mistakes you make so let's keep going um we're literally just
going to delete some columns it could be any columns that we want um but for
example we got have these property split address and owner split address um in city
and state and city and these are perfect and much more useful than these owner um
these owner

04:22:07
address because this is really unusable to be honest so we're going to delete those
um and maybe we'll also get rid of like I don't know maybe the land that land use
might be useful this tax tax District who cares about that um so it's going to be
super easy we're just going to write alter table alter table did I say that right
geez um and we're going to say alter this table and we're going to drop a column
and you can do as many as many as we want so we're going to say

04:22:40
owner um address we're going to do tax district and let's also do the property
address all right and let's try this and let's see if it works I'm nervous all
right so as you can see that the property address is gone the owner address is gone
the tax what was it tax district is gone and now we are left with this um now
remember the whole point of everything we were doing was to clean up the data right
we wanted to clean the data and actually now well now that we're here we have this
sale date

04:23:28
as well U and we have the sale date converted over here let's get rid I forgot
let's get rid of this oh that was my dog Max excuse them let's get rid of oops
let's get rid of that sale price that that or the um sale date that made me look
like an idiot this is Sweet Revenge sale date Sweet Sweet Revenge all right and it
is gone so it's as easy as that now remember like I was saying before the whole
point of this project is to clean the data and make it more usable um and it may
not have felt

04:24:03
like that as we were going through cuz I wasn't you know really looking at the
clean cleaning data uh uh we were cleaning it but you know what was the purpose of
it I may not have highlighted that too much all these other columns that we created
um are just it's much more usable much more friendly um this is standardized now
and you know we we did that through quite a few various methods um so let's go back
up the top we're going to recap what we did really quick so using this convert we
tried to

04:24:38
standardize the date format or change the date format may or may not have worked
for you didn't work for me we populated this property address um which we did that
before we broke this out because if we reversed it if we broke these addresses out
into individual columns and then we populated the this thing um we would have
because then we went and deleted uh we went and deleted this column oops sorry we
went and deleted uh this property address so we wouldn't have actually gotten any
of that data so
04:25:11
there was a reason it was in that order uh don't mess that up that's happened um so
we broke it out we did that to to using um substring chart index as well as parse
name and replace then we went through and we changed yes to no or Y and n's to
yeses and NOS using case statements um then we use we removed duplicates using a
row number a c te and windows function of Partition by and then at the end we
deleted a few useless columns that we no longer want to see because um they are
horrible and

04:25:46
terrible and um you know we don't want to see them anymore that is the entire
project that was everything and you did it and I'm honestly super proud of you for
sticking around this long it this this was not necessarily an easy project we used
quite a few new things that I may have not talked about or showed you before this
to me is just the beginning right this is just a a glimpse into all the things that
you need to do you need to look for um in order to clean data so you know I really
do think this is a

04:26:19
good portfolio project because it will show that you understand and know how to
clean the data although this is not an end to-end project right that could that
would take a long time and a lot more exploratory analysis looking into the data to
to figure out what we need to change but for all intents and purposes I mean this
is a a pretty good project for cleaning data and I hope that you learned something
I also hope that you worked on this hard um if you want to make any improvements
please do that

04:26:49
this is not perfect by any means there's other things that you could change um you
could you know I don't even know I'm not even going to try to guess you could do
other things to this data though um and and create your own queries create your own
um data cleaning uh part of this and so um you do that if you were able to get this
um the ETL part of it done do that I think it'd be really really cool um again I
was able to get it to work but I don't think 90% of people out there would be able
to get it

04:27:19
to work um it's just every computer is different every server is configured
differently um and so it would just be a huge pain so I decided to cut that out and
I'm sorry um but hopefully this will suffice um with that being said this is it you
made it all the way to the end again I'm super proud you guys are doing fantastic
you guys are the ones putting in the hard work to build the portfolio for your
future job I mean it's not easy but you're putting in the work and so and so kudos
to you um in our next video

04:27:52
we're going to be going into python for the very first time really excited about
that one because um I think the only python video that I have up right now is on
one where I was scraping data from Twitter so um you know this will be a nice
change a pace or a little bit different content than I normally put out and so I'm
really excited about it and I hope you are as well with that being said I am done
with the video I'm going to be stopping it soon thank you for joining me if you
like this video be
04:28:20
sure to subscribe be sure to like this video leave a comment below um telling me
how it changed your life uh and I will see you in the next video [Music] goodbye
[Music] what's going on everybody today we are starting our Excel tutorial [Music]
series now there are so many things that you can do in Excel so I don't know how
long this series is going to be it could be 15 or even 20 videos but what I do know
is that I'm going to be covering just about every single thing that I've used since
I became a data analyst and I

04:29:04
want to show you how to do it uh so won't just be the more concrete things um you
know like pivot tables charts V lookups things like that it'll also be some of the
more nuanced things like how to deal with missing data or how to deal with dirty
data and how to clean that up within Excel and so those are things that you may not
be able to do you know if somebody wasn't showing you how to do it and so that's
what I'm going to try to help you because I know that that is something that you
will need to do or

04:29:28
learn how to do in Excel now before we get into it I want to give a huge shout out
to the sponsor of this Excel series and that is udem me I took so many Excel
courses on you to me when I was first starting out as a data analyst and there was
this one course that I kept going back to over and over again because as I got into
it in my job I realized that there were so many things that were in that course
that I really needed to know but I didn't realize I needed to know it and so I'm
going to put the links to

04:29:52
those courses in the description in case you want to take those again huge shout
out to you to me without further Ado let's jump on my screen and get started with
our very first Excel tutorial all right so I'm going to go ahead and get rid of
myself we are going to be looking at something absolutely pivotal in your data
analytics career and that is Pivot tables uh and I think that's really appropriate
it is probably one of the most commonly used things I think that data analysts use
to convey information

04:30:15
in Excel it's super easy to group things together to display information in a very
easily understandable way especially for people who are not data analysts right I
use this a lot for other managers or for higher-ups um who don't want to get into
SQL or or you know aren't super text savy in like python or Tableau they just want
it in an except sell and so I use it all the time for that reason and so we're
going to be using this data set right here bike store sales in Europe I will

04:30:43
include this link in the description um we're not going to look at the columns just
yet we're going to download it um I've already downloaded it a few times but we are
going to go to um our downloads we're going to open it up and we're going to open
up this sales right here and give it a second all right perfect and so here's what
it looks like uh at least on my screen I'm going to uh spread it out just a little
bit um and really quickly let's take a very quick glance at this so we have a
04:31:15
date a day a month a year so some um some date information um then we have some
customer age information so how old was the customer again this is bike sales so
what did um you know what did they buy and they have some demographic information
so this is their age group we have uh the gender country State the product category
the subcategory the actual product that was purchased and then we have things like
um you know how much these things cost the quantity that was that was ordered so we
have order

04:31:51
Quant quantity unit cost unit price then we have the profit cost and revenue all
things that we almost everything in here we can in some way put into a pivot table
now I'm not going to go through every single variation of that but we are going to
be um looking at a lot of this um Revenue over here because I think it's it's
pretty easy to show the value of a pivot table with especially with um you know
currency or money so what we're going to do to get started is we're going to go up
to insert and we're

04:32:23
going to click on insert and then we are going to click on pivot table now really
quick there is a recommended pivot tables and if you click on that what will come
up is some recommendations that Excel gives based on the data that you have um and
it can kind of give you some ideas of of what you can do with pivot tables it's
going to generate it for you we're not going to do that we're going to build our
own uh but let's click on pivot table and it's going to Auto Select basically

04:32:52
everything and that's fantastic um but what if it doesn't come like that I I just
erase that if it doesn't come like that you can click right here you can cck excuse
me you can click control shift and then the right arrow and then the down arrow and
is going to select all of our data um and you have right here a new worksheet or an
existing worksheet we're going to create a new worksheet just tends to get too
clogged up if we put it on the same worksheet that already has a lot of data in it
so

04:33:20
right over here are pivot table fields and these are all of our columns that we
just looked at and we're going to be able to select those and kind of drag and drop
now if you just took the Tableau um tutorial series that I just finished doing last
week then this is going to be pretty pretty familiar um you're going to start
seeing a little bit of um hopefully some patterns about how the data is kind of
displayed and so we have our filters down here we have columns rows values all
these things uh we will be

04:33:51
using I'll show you how to use today as well as some additional things um one thing
that we want to start with uh for this demonstration is we're going to be looking
at kind of the um these bottom ones right here profit cost and Revenue and we're
going to be doing that per country uh per country and state and we'll kind of do
some drill Downs um and I'll show you how those work so for just to start out we're
going to take the country right here and you'll see it populate right over here in
fact um let
04:34:20
me zoom in maybe once uh yeah that should be fine I don't know if I want I might
zoom in it again in just a little bit um so we have our country and and it's just
like this very very simple oops um now I'm going to include the state now I'm going
to drag this um all the way and I'm going to put it under you can put it above or
you can put it below I'm going to put it below uh it definitely makes the most
sense there now when you do that it it um kind of populates it in an expanded

04:34:51
way but you can collapse this very easily we're going to go right here we're going
to right click we're going to go go down to expand and collapse and we're going to
collapse the entire field and so now here are all of our um all of our countries as
they were before now each of them has this plus sign to the left and if you click
on it now we can go and we see this state that we that we added to these rows and
what this is going to do is it kind of is like a rollup or it's like a grouping um
and so

04:35:18
if you you know have taken the SQL um tutorial series and you've done things with
Group by this is very similar to that um and if you've done the Tableau tutorial
series it's kind of like a drill down it's very very similar so you can drill into
the information so we um can put some values in here uh and what we're what that's
going to do is that's going to kind of create some some context to what this what
we're grouping by so just for um visual purposes let's

04:35:51
add this Revenue so this is the revenue that is bike uh bike sales revenue right
that's what we're looking at so this is the sum of the revenue for these bike sales
per country now if we drop down right here we can see that in Australia uh New
South Wales had uh 92 was that 9,234 N5 Queensland had 5 million you know etc etc
so now we can break it down we can't it's we don't just have to look at Australia
we can now drill down even further to the actual state is what they're calling it
um the actual state

04:36:32
within Australia and so it's super super useful and you can do that for every
single one and so we can look at Canada we can look at France and we can really
drill down into uh the revenue for each of these countries as well as the states
within them now over here this is not the most uh pretty um it just says sum of
Revenue and then it has some numbers not not the most pretty thing I've ever seen
um really quick we can go like we can um kind of highlight over these and we can go
back to home you can do it in

04:37:03
a couple different ways we can go to home and will type currency now it has these
two. Z at the end you can get rid of those really easily by going like that um
already this looks quite a bit better just visually um especially if you're looking
at it in uh you know dollars you can change the currency um to different currencies
if you want to do that now we don't just have to do uh the sum of Revenue we can do
a lot of different things so let's go to the value field settings so we can
customize

04:37:35
this name so we can do um Revenue oops good if I get spell Revenue per country
that's fine that you know it's just a placeholder trying to show you but we don't
have to just do that um you know we could do the count the average the max the Min
we can do just about anything we want um but let's keep it the sum right now um and
if we want to we can show this value as different things so we percentage the
percentage of column total percentage of row total let's do really quick just for

04:38:13
demonstration purposes the percentage of grand total so when we do that we can see
that the United States the per Revenue per country United States has 32% just
between these um you know these countries and Australia has the next one so you
know it might be kind of hard to glance at this really quickly to know who has the
highest um but what we can do is we can go right here and we can go to sort and we
can do largest to smallest and there we have the United States on top now when you
do it right

04:38:47
here it's not sorted largest uh to smallest you'd have to go in again click sort
and do largest to smallest and so now we can see that California has the has the um
you know biggest percentage they're pulling in 20% of that 32% of Revenue so I'm
just going to click C control z a few times and get us back to where we just were
um and what I want to do is I want to show you a few different things uh pretty
quickly so we want to pull in this profit and this cost uh and so I'm going to pull
in this cost next

04:39:21
and then I'm going to pull in this profit again uh I'm going to change the currency
on this and I'm not going to change the names um right now but you know you
absolutely can do that now the revenue is the how much is actually being sold so
you know for the United States it was 27 million now the cost is how much did it
cost to manufacture or or store um or distribute all of these products so that was
60 million and the profit is actually how much money is being made at the end of
the day after um you know all

04:40:00
their costs after all their employee costs after everything they're still making
the United States is still making $1 million now you might look at this and you
might say well you know I can kind of glance at it and say know that this profit is
correct based off these two numbers um but we can do a calculated field um if you
remember what calculated fields are that's something from Tableau very uh basically
the exact same thing and so we can create an additional column right here that is a
calculated

04:40:30
field that can add and subtract these things to make sure that our numbers are
adding up correctly so let's do that really quickly U let's go to pivot table
analyze we're going to go over to Fields items and sets and go to calculated field
now we can name this anything um and I'm just going to for demo purposes I'm going
to say um oops calculated field demo uh I'm sure yours will be different now um if
you want to you can go in here and this is the formula it's almost like um you know
we

04:41:05
haven't looked at formulas up this is our first tutorial but you know when we look
at formulas it's basically the same thing as writing it if inside of a cell but
here it gives us kind of this um open text to do how we uh do what we want with it
now what we're going to do is we're going to do Revenue I'm going to insert that
I'm going to get rid of this I'm going to do revenue and so that's the the the very
large number and then we're going to subtract and we're going to sub subract

04:41:35
our cost we going to insert that and let's do this and click okay so this is our
calculated field demo column that we just created and as you can see it matches our
uh sum of profit column exactly and that's exactly what we want to see we want to
kind of check to make sure that this revenue and cost uh fields are generating the
correct profit and sometimes those are off and so it's really good to kind of check
those and have that additional column um You probably wouldn't have this if you
were

04:42:07
um you know going to submit this to somebody uh just so you know now that this is
an actual column you can't go here and do something like cut or and paste it over
here you know that's not it won't let you do that what it is is is now an actual um
column and so we can go and remove that and we can add it back at any moment so if
we want to go back and add that um oops add that down here we can do that because
we've created that column it's now permanently there unless we go and delete all of

04:42:37
that data uh and so we can just click this check mark and it will get rid of it for
us all right now the last thing that we have not used down here is the filters now
the filters is exactly what it sounds like it's going to allow you to filter on
certain things um but probably not things that you already have included in your
pivot table so if you add something like the country down here um it's going to
kind of expand everything and then if you then go and filter on it it kind of
breaks it down

04:43:08
that's really not what the filter is kind of used for or meant for um for example
right up here we have uh customer gender okay so let's take the customer gender and
we'll put it in this filters now we can see all of the revenue all of the cost all
the profit and we can do that based off of the gender so we can filter by a gender
not really having to change anything about our pivot table and so at a super Quick
Glance we can see that uh the males are the profit from the males is 16.48% so at a
super uh basic level at a

04:43:50
really quick glance we can see that the men or the males are you know spending a
little bit more than the females by about about $700,000 now let's go ahead and
create one more pivot table uh we are going to create a pivot table right over here
let's go back to the sales right here again control shift right down it's going to
select all of our data and we're click okay so one thing that we're going to look
at is we're going to use some of this date information right here so let's select

04:44:23
our country just like we did before um and what we want to do is see you know what
year were we performing our best when were we doing our absolute best uh with oops
let me go back uh with our sales so I'm going to select the year and put that in
our columns and so now we have 2011 through 2016 and we want to look at our Revenue
let's put our Revenue right down here and now we have all of our Revenue now let's
again make this into a currency just like that and super quickly now we can get a
really quick

04:45:03
glance at at how Australia was doing each year and we can see that there was a huge
uptick in 2013 and a huge uptick in 2015 it didn't happen for every single country
uh it did go up uh for most countries very slightly for some but we can see on a
large scale from um year to year what that's like and So within just a few minutes
we're able to create some really useful pivot tables that anybody could look at and
understand and that's really the biggest use of these PIV pivot tables is that

04:45:35
you can kind of group these things together show some uh information and data at at
kind of a broad larger scale and make it to where anybody who's looking at it can
understand it that is why pivot tables are so useful and so I hope that this video
was helpful I hope that I was able to walk through it and help you better
understand how pivot tables work and how you can use them when you are working
within Excel thank you guys so much for watching I really appreciate it if you like
this video be

04:46:00
sure to like And subscribe below and I'll see you in the next video [Music] what's
going on everybody today we're going to be looking at formulas in [Music] Excel now
I know what you're thinking there's absolutely no way that you're going to be able
to show us every single formula in Excel and you're absolutely right but I am going
to show you some of my favorites and the ones that I found the most useful and then
you can go ahead and practice those and try those out and if there are ones that
you

04:46:40
really want me to do and you think that I missed put it in the comments below and I
will see those and I'll try to make a list of those and make another video on
formulas and include all of those as well and now before we jump into the actual
tutorial I want to give a huge shout out to the sponsor of the series and that is
udemy you guys already know if you have watched any of my videos that I absolutely
love udem me I mean honestly they were the ones who got me started and were able
ble to give

04:47:04
me affordable courses for me to get started as a data analyst I learned SQL and
Excel and python all through udimi courses and so if you are looking for a platform
to take a course I absolutely recommend you look at udemy they have fantastic sales
going on right now especially during the holiday season in this new year and so if
you're looking to take a full-fledged Excel course I have some of my favorites in
the description below and now without further Ado let's jump onto my screen and get
started with the tutorial all

04:47:30
right now before we start I want to say that this is not like every other tutorial
that I have created created this one is very streamlined okay so I already know
exactly what I'm going to do there's not going to be much messing around I left
little notes here and there um and I'm going to try to get through it because
there's a lot of them to get through um so all these ones at the bottom now these
are ones that I use a lot that I think are useful again if you know other ones that
you use a lot

04:47:55
that think that I should be using which I know there are ones that I left out of
here you know put it in the comments um I'll see the ones that people are liking
and I will I will create more videos on the because I know there are so many I also
will save this um excel in on the GitHub so you can go and download it it will be
exactly what you're looking at right now I highly recommend trying these formulas
out for yourself so you can get a feel for how they work and how they're actually
used and you can mess

04:48:20
around with it yourself so um as you can see at the bottom we're going to start
with Max Min and then we're going to go on to some more I think a little bit more
uh difficult things um and all these things are super useful I'll try to talk about
how you can actually use it as we go through it some are super self-explanatory but
some may not be so this one I think is super self-explanatory but again one that
you're going to use all the time um and so what we can do is we can say equal

04:48:49
and that's how you kind of start off saying this is going to be a formula in this
cell equal means uh I am now creating a formula and we're going to say MX and I'll
hit Tab and so it'll kind of populate it and right here if you've never seen a
formula before it'll to give you what the inputs need to be so it's going to say
Max of number one number two etc etc what we're going to do is we're going to give
a range so we're going to go from here down to here

04:49:15
you don't have to close the parenthesis but you can I'm going to and then you hit
enter and so for this date it's going to give us the max date now these are um the
start dates for these people right here and so if we just kind of glance through
here we can see that 2013 was the last year and this one is actually the latest in
that year and so it gave us the correct one the Min is going to do the exact
opposite it's going to give us uh the smallest and so we'll give it the same range
we'll close

04:49:45
the parenthesis and it's going to say December 7th of 1995 and we can see that that
is correct so Michael Scott started in 1995 the earliest of all the employees um
and you can do the exact same thing for really any of these columns we can see who
the who's making the most money or at least what the higher salary is U so we'll do
Max and then we'll do the salary range and so this is this one again uh whoops what
did I do oh I did the wrong range didn't I no I didn't do the wrong range it's

04:50:20
just there it goes uh this column was a date range or a date column for whatever
reason let me get rid of that uh and then we can do equals Min and we'll do again
we'll do the salary and at a quick glance we can see that Pam Beasley is making the
least and 65,000 is Michael Scott who's making uh that so super simple it shows the
max it shows the Min you can select a range there you go let's move on to if and
ifs now if is um I think pretty straightforward so all you're going to do is you're
going to

04:50:57
say if this then that um ifs is a little bit different so ifs is you can you can
put multiple conditions and as we're writing it I'll show you kind of what it the
conditions that need to be met all right so we're going to click right here we're
going to say equal we're going to do if hit Tab and we need a logical test uh and
so we're going to give it a range or or or something we're going to say if it's
equal greater to um something like that then we're going to say if the

04:51:24
value is true what's the what is going to be the output or if the value is false
what's going to be the output so let's do this right here we'll do this age range
and so if they are greater than let's say let's do 30 if they're greater than 30
we're going to do a comma and so if the value is true what what should be the
output uh if they're greater than 30 we're going to call them old and then if it is
false so if they're younger than 30 what should it say and we're going to say

04:51:59
young and we'll close the parenthesis and there you go so if they're over 30 then
they are going to have young or if they're younger than 30 they're going to have
young now this is something where you need to specify if you want 30 and over or
over 30 we chose over 30 so 30 is not included in that um so they're going to be
young now uh let's get we don't actually need two of these that's pretty self-
explanatory the ifs is a little bit different right you can have multiple

04:52:31
conditions so let's open that up real quick so ifs and now we have a logical test
value if uh that's true then you can do logical test two value if that's true um so
you can have multiple multiple multiple things now this one is a little bit
different in this one oops let me get out of this in this one you had a value of
true a value of false ifs does not have that ifs is going to give you um different
ranges in different specific conditions and you can't say if this one's false

04:53:06
you're just going to have multiple conditions so let's do equals and ifs Tab and
we'll do our first logical test so let's do um if the salesman or if that equals to
salesman we're going to say we're going to respond with sales so that's if the
value is true that's what we want the output to be now we're going to go on to our
logical test two so you're going to see this pattern right if this is our
conditional or logical test so if this is true this is what's going to be returned
so you'll

04:53:47
notice that's just a a pretty simple pattern we can just do random things so if
it's equal to sales um and we'll just do the same one if that is equal to say HR we
can say fire immediately and now we're going to say if it's equal to regional
manager and we say give Christmas bonus and we'll close the parenthesis and let's
see what we get so as you can see there's no default value for true or false like
like this one there was a logical test and if it was true there was a value and if
it was
04:54:39
false there was a value so for every single one you'll get a value for this one
that's not exactly going to happen as you can see there are these Nas now when that
happens it just means nothing met that condition so we never said anything about
supplier relations we never said anything about accountants but if it was part of
that ifs statement then it got something um and so that is how the ifs works now
let's move on to length uh this is exactly what we're going to do but you know some
of the

04:55:08
uses for this U for the length I've used it for a lot of different things um one
thing that I've used it for in the past and you know Max and ifs you know you can
use it for almost anything length is there's a lot of different use cases one I
used to work with a lot of um customer data or patient data they had like Social
Security numbers and if you know there was bad Social Security numbers we didn't
want to include that and so we do like the length of that and if a social security
number was let's say 10 numbers

04:55:37
or 11 numbers where it should only be nine or or you know however many they are I
think it's nine then we know that that social security number is incorrect and then
we can get rid of that or discard it from our results that's just an example right
um so for this oops what I do that I did control Z to undo that if you didn't know
how to do that um so we're going to do equals Len which is length um and again if
you didn't see that it Returns the number of characters in a text string so let's
go right here

04:56:09
and let's go to uh let's go to their last name and we'll give it a range so it's
going to tell us how many characters are in that string so for halber it's seven
characters for flenderson it's 10 characters and we're able to see a length and so
again there are a lot of different use cases for this uh the social security number
was one another one is phone numbers right if you look at the length of the phone
numbers and there's ones that are like 12 numbers long you know those might not

04:56:38
be ones that are accurate and you need to go look at them and see if you want to
include them in your results or your output so that is how length is done let's
move right over to the left and right um I I might be going a little fast but uh
you know I'm keeping it I'm keeping it live I'm keeping this on our feet uh so
let's keep going left and right um are kind of like substrings if you've taken the
the sequel um tutorial series that I've done uh substrings are where you can choose
a certain part of

04:57:09
the text string and you can extract data from that um and usually have to reference
a certain number so a certain amount of characters that's the exact same thing
except uh unfortunately there's no substring there's substitute but there's no
substring left and right is really the closest thing that we have so let's kind of
take a look real quick and see what we can do so we're going to do left and it's
going to say Returns the specified number of characters from the start of a text
string so we're
04:57:37
starting from the very far left and we need to choose our text and then choose the
number of characters that we're going to be looking over so let's go over here and
let's just choose you know start symol uh we'll get a little bit more advanced so
we have um this is our text range so these are the the the ones that we want to
look at and then how many characters do we want to look forward and we'll just
choose three as an example and so you can see that it takes the first three
characters from

04:58:06
every single thing now you can also do this with numbers it doesn't just have to be
um you know name with with actual words or letters you can do the exact same thing
so you can say write um and we're going to choose our our string uh and let's do
this one so you know all of them start with 100 um and we'll just say we want to
take the last one so this one is going to start from the very far right and go over
one character so right here you can see this is our range and I just chose one so
starting

04:58:37
from the very far right we go over one character and that's what we take and so
that can definitely be useful another one that you can do and this one is one that
I have used so many times I mean honestly countless times in in actually using this
in my job uh so we're going to go from the right and we're going to look at a date
so you know sometimes you have these date structures month month day day year year
year or year um you know day month year all these different and sometimes you just
want to extract

04:59:06
either the month or the year or or something like that the day and so we want to
come in here we're just going to extract the oops I wanted to make that arrange we
want to extract the year of the start dates so we're going to do that and then
we're going to go over four so we want to take the first four characters from the
right to give us the entire year let's do that and now we can see exactly the year
and this can be just super super useful this is again one that I've used used a lot
and so

04:59:34
that is one that you might want to remember in case you're ever doing analysis on
you know start and end dates or or anything with um date data uh again one that I
highly recommend remembering let's go over to date to text I actually probably
should have included that um before because I actually used it in this one um if
you notice right here this is a text so in in this one we just did that was a text
you can't do this right on um start and end dates when it's a date uh format and

05:00:05
let me show you so this is a date now if I do equals and you know we just did this
uh let's do on the end date and I'll do the whole range give me a second and we'll
do four it's giving us completely random numbers why is that because underneath the
date range there are um numbers right so if I go right here and I make this a
general it's going to have the numbers and look these are the first four characters
from the right and so it's doing what it's supposed to do but
05:00:39
uh it's not doing what we actually want and that's the issue so how can we convert
this now there are a ton of different ways um but the quickest probably the easiest
besides actually writing writing it out like this like 11-2 d201 which then
converts it to a date format um but what you can do you know just so you know you
can create a as a text you can do 11-2 d201 and now it will stay a text string and
as you can tell these are a little bit different because this one is uh formatted
or situated on the right and

05:01:17
this one's on the left that's how you can tell the difference now if you don't want
to do it by hand uh completely manually and waste hours of your time you can do it
in a very simple way so we're going to do uh text so this is the exact um form for
that we're going to use so let's get rid of that one there we go so we're going to
do equals we're going to do uh oops text it says converts a value to text in a
specific number format so for a date format we can choose a date format and then
it'll

05:01:52
convert it to a text for us which saves so much time I promise you uh let's do all
of these just like we did and then we need to tell it what the format is if we
don't if we tell it something incorrect it's going to give us a completely terrible
output or just give us an error alog together so this is a DayDay month Monon year
year year year format and that is what we're going to do so we're going to do ddmm
y y YY and close that up and there you go and now we well because it's in a

05:02:26
formula what we need to do is copy this and past paste it right over here and now
you can see that is a general this is something that we can use as a string and
let's just check it just to make sure we're going to do right we're going to do
this one let's do all of them and we'll do four and there you go so now it works
that is what we are looking for um and you can do that imagine doing that with
millions of rows or you know let's say 10,000 rows it's going to be a breeze

05:03:01
right it's going to take you two minutes or a minute to do everything that you want
to do instead of having to just do a bunch of mess to convert it to a string which
I promise you I've done it it just takes forever it's it's terrible so that is uh
date to text super helpful formula let's go over to trim now I I purposefully
messed up this column now why do I did I mess it up like this because when you're
working with real data you're going to get data like this it it's messy it's

05:03:31
dirty it just has random spaces at the end for no reason um because sometimes
you're going to be working with um data that is inputed by a user it's not like a
drop- down option so imagine somebody's typing this in they accidentally put a
space so they actually put an enter or something and then they submit it and this
is how it's going to look in the database um and if you're a data engineer or you
know you're working with the raw data if they don't clean that up then you're going
to

05:03:59
be working with that that dirty data and I I guarantee you if you're working as a
data analyst you're going to see stuff like this not with maybe a last name but all
sorts of data so we're going to go right here we're going to say equals trim do
open parenthesis actually this says removes all spaces from a text string except
for a single space between words so like you know if it said Halpert space uh or gy
space Halpert it won't take the space in between there because it it kind of
understands that

05:04:28
the in normal language space is supposed to be there so it won't do that um but
we'll take that we'll give it this Range close that up and there you go now it is
nice and clean much more usable now let's look at concatenate one that I have used
just way way way too many times um and something that I've used concatenate for and
you'll see this one in a lot of demonstrations for a good reason is because a lot
of people use it for this um so what you can do is you can say equals um and well
let me tell

05:05:06
you what concatenate does real quick so what concatenate does oops I'm totally
messing up here um but it joins two or more text strings into one string it
basically joins things together and adds them together so let's do concatenate and
we're going to add this first and last name again one that gets used all the time
but that's because um it really is useful so you can do this and you can say now
now I want to include this so concatenating this and this and let's take a look so
it says

05:05:38
Jim Halpert U but it's all connected and that's typically not how people write
their names so what we can do is we can go back in here and we can do what my
demonstration up here already tells us to do which is we're just going to add
another thing in here and if we add two parentheses we can include anything in here
we can include a dash we can include an exclamation point or we can just include a
space so let's just include a space really quick and just like that it works
perfectly and so now

05:06:08
we have the full name now something that you could use it for is something like
generating uh an email this is something that you absolutely could do um and it's
you know pretty simple so I'm going to do it like this I'm G to say oops what did I
do I'm G to say um Dot and then at the end I'm going to say at oops comma quotation
gmail.com and now I've created emails for all of these people so just something
that you can do with this um and something that it it absolutely is

05:06:49
used for and you'll see that demonstration almost everywhere because honestly it
gets used a lot um by data analysts and so uh you know just a good one to know
understanding how that that concatenation works um let's go over to the next one so
we are going to do substitute now substitute's really interesting um there are
different ways you can do it I'm going to show it to you on these dates real quick
uh that's what we're going to look at so changing a date format changing how what
it's supposed to look

05:07:19
like is absolutely something that happens all the time and um you know sometimes
you'll even get it like this where it'll look like it'll be messy it'll be
different a different um I guess format so this one has all the other ones have
slashes where these ones have dashes and you know what you can do is if you want to
well let me actually go with the no instances real quick because this one is uh
actually makes the most sense um so we'll do equals and we're going to say
substitute and oops and let me say

05:07:57
substitute replaces existing text with new text in a text string so if we do an
open parenthesis it says we take the text have the old text we have the new text
and then we have how what instance or how many times uh or or or what instance are
we looking at it and I'll explain that in a little bit so the text that we're going
to be looking at is this one right here so let's take this range and the old is
we're going to take this Dash and so let's take the dash and then what do we want
to replace

05:08:32
replace it with we want to replace it with this slash right here I think it's a
forward slash isn't that what it's called it's called a forward slash am I crazy um
and we're not going to put an instance notice that that's in a bracket that means
it's optional we're going to do none of that um and what it's going to do is it's
going to fix this so this one is now in the correct format that we want uh and
that's fantastic that's you know that's what we tried to accomplish

05:08:57
given what we had now let's fix that if we want to do the exact same thing uh we
can say uh what are we doing substitute we can do substitute we can do open
parentheses we'll give the range and now let's say we want to change all of them to
a different format so instead of the um forward slash I'm going to keep calling it
that if that's correct we want to give it a dash and so then we close that and now
all of them are in this new format so it it's able to substitute a specific value
for a new value and if

05:09:30
you don't include an instance then it'll do it to every single one in there so
let's go over here and we're going to actually use the the um the the instance num
and I'll show you what that does uh and so really quick we'll do the exact same
thing that we just did we'll do the forward slash and we want to replace it with
this one again this Dash but we only want to do it on the first instance of that
forward slash and so as you can see all the ones that um all the ones that were
replaced are the very

05:10:09
first instance whereas the second instance which is the second time it appears in
this string does not get touched so if we take this and we put it right over here
and we move it to two it's kind of the opposite so the first one wasn't touched the
second one was so we're choosing which instance or which time it shows up in that
string and then it replaces it if you do not choose an instance it chooses all of
them so this can be super useful if you want to do like a bulk replace um but

05:10:43
you only want to do it on a specific column um and you just want to use a formula
really quick right um and so you can use this in a lot of different ways so that's
how you're able to actually do it with the first instance the second instance and
if you don't include an instance at all let's go over to the sum uh this is one I
think everyone knows how to use but I want to show you two other ones um as well so
let's go to the sum and we're just going to do equals the sum and I hope you know
what this is

05:11:11
well not hope I if you don't know what this is it just adds up all the numbers in
range so we're going to add sum means add so we're going to take this and it's
going to give us the uh what all these salaries are together so super super simple
Su is one of probably the most basic formulas that you can do um some if is a
little bit different you can add an if statement which we learned right back here
you can add an if statement and then add it if it meets a certain criteria all
right so we're going to do

05:11:44
equals some if and then you're going to need to give a range in criteria and you
can include a some range if you would like so we're going to do the salary again we
going to do a comma and now here's our criteria let's do if they have greater than
50,000 for their salary and close our parenthesis so now it's only going to add up
if their salary is greater than 50,000 now his is 50,000 exactly so that won't
count but we have 63 and 65,000 which does equal 128,000 so it it just gives a
specific

05:12:23
criteria or an if statement then it does the addition uh so super useful on that
one so that is how you do a su if and Su ifs is kind of the same thing as we did
back here there's the if and the ifs so the ifs is going to be if it has it meets
multiple conditions so let's take a look at that one so let's do um equals some ifs
now uh oops now the Syntax for this one is going to be a little bit different
you'll see that in just a second this adds the cells specified by a given set of
conditions or criteria so

05:12:58
let's do an open open parentheses we give the sum range so let's do um the same one
as before then we have our criteria range so what are we looking at What's um this
is the area that's going to be added after all these if statements are done right
so we have to initially set that now we're going to say okay what criteria are we
basing this off of so let's put a comma and we're going to base it off of let's do
this one we'll say um if the uh gender so we'll do comma if that's female oops

05:13:35
if that's female and then we'll give another one we can say if they're female and
let's say they are greater than oops greater than 30 and we'll close that up and
it's going to give us 88,000 so female female there's one two right here so it's
going to be this one and this one that equals 88,000 so that's how that works
you're able to incorporate several different conditions into uh the sum formula so
again I know this one's super simple but you you can use it in a much more

05:14:12
complex way if you use the sum if and the sum ifs um almost the exact same thing
for this count I'm not going to go super in depth into this one um I'll just kind
of show you because count is um count and sum are kind of on the same level of
difficulty they're both pretty beginner this is just going to give you a count of
how many cells um are there so let's give this range um and so it's not going to
add it it's just going to give us a count so if we do right here and scroll over
them like highlight them

05:14:47
this countdown here oops this countdown here is nine and so it's going to give us
that count but we can do a count with conditions exactly how we did it in the sum
so if we do count if Oops I did not spell that right if we do count if we're going
to give a range and a criteria exact same as we did before so let's do this I me
you can do this on basically any of these it doesn't really for this demonstration
it doesn't really matter um but we'll say if their salary is greater than 45,000 so
how many people

05:15:21
this is going to give us how many people have a salary over 45,000 and that's five
so before in the sum if if we did that um we did 50,000 it adds everything together
the count is just going to count the amount of cells that meet that criteria and
again count ifs uh we're going to have a criteria range and then we will specify
what if statements we want to be uh to occur in order to count those cells so let's
do we want you know we want to count it can be any range or it can be any of these

05:15:57
we'll do the ID this time and now we can say you know want it to be is our criteria
one we can say we want it to be greater than want their ID to be greater than 1005
and let's say we want them to be male so they have an ID over a certain um a
certain range and then they are a male so there's only three people that meet that
criteria and so it'll be Michael Stanley and Kevin those are our three people and
so it gives us a count very useful to give quick numbers like this something I I
genuinely use a lot

05:16:41
and I know I've said that a lot during this tutorial but that's because everything
I'm showing you are things that I've used a lot so I don't feel like um you know
I'm speaking out of turn here let's look at this one this one is very um has some
specific use cases um notice that this is a text right now um if you do it when it
is uh in a date format it actually will not work I mean I can you can test it out
yourself you just got to trust me it's not going to work so what this does is

05:17:13
it's going to give you the range from this day to this day that's what it's going
to do so let's do uh oops days it's GNA we want to choose our end date so this is
our end date it's kind of backward from what you think end date to start date you
think start date to end date so you have to start with this one and then we're
going to choose the start date and now it's going to tell us how many um how many
uh days was it from here to here and this one it's 5,56 so Network days is
extremely

05:17:47
similar except it takes out holidays and it takes out weekends and you can see how
many working days has this person um how many working days or network days has this
person worked not including you know weekends and holidays have they actually
worked since their start date and their end date so let's do Network days and we
need our start date our end date and you can specify extra holidays if you'd like
but there are a already standard set holidays in there that it takes out um so you
know if you want to

05:18:20
do that you can so we're going to do the start date again this one's different this
one says start date end date and then we're going to give the end date and if you
notice they are going to be different numbers is dramatically lower because it's
taking out weekends and holidays so this is how many days uh calendar days they've
worked and this is how many days they've actually been in the office and worked and
that is it um again there are so many formulas I mean literally

05:18:49
hundreds of formulas that you can utilize and use and are out there for you to try
out yourself if there are specific ones that I did not cover in this video please
please put it in the comments below so that I can you know show you how to do these
things I I I will say I've probably used a majority of the ones that you're going
to put in the comments already and if I haven't used it I'll take a look at it and
see if it's really useful and I'll show you that so thank you guys so much for

05:19:18
watching I hope that this has been helpful I I feel like a lot of these things are
not things that I learned before I started almost all these are ones that I learned
while I was on the job and so I'm hoping that you can get ahead of the curve and
you can learn learn these things before you actually start so that when you get in
there you're just like killing it with the formulas and people are like whoa this
guy is like this guy knows what he's doing in Excel give him all the Excel

05:19:42
work and then you become like you know just the Excel guy um and everyone you know
loves you for it so with that being said thank you so much for watching I really do
hope this helped if you like this video be sure to like And subscribe below I'll
see you in the next [Music] video [Music] what's going on everybody welcome back to
another video in this Excel tutorial we'll be looking at [Music] xlup now if you
don't already know what xlookup is it is a new feature in Excel to kind of replace
vlookup or to be a

05:20:25
much better option at least in my mind is a much better option than V lookup and so
if you're someone who's either used V lookup a a lot and you're trying to you know
learn this new Option or if you've never used it before this video will be super
helpful because I'll walk you through kind of the options and what x lookup can do
as well as the difference between X lookup and V lookup but before we get into the
tutorial I want to give a huge shout out to today's sponsor and that is udemy udemy
is the

05:20:47
go-to place if you want a full-fledged course in Excel I have three options of
courses that I have taken on em me so I'd highly recommend checking those out they
are having a huge sale on all their courses during this time and so if you are in
the market for a course I highly recommend checking out UD to me and getting one
there now without further Ado let's jum on my screen and start the tutorial all
right so let's get me off the screen because we all know why we're here so I didn't
include this in the

05:21:11
formulas video last week because I knew this was going to be a large one and a lot
of people are going to want to know how to do this what the difference stream V
lookup and X lookup is so it has its own dedicated video to it so let's get started
it is a Formula so we're going to come in here in this cell we're going to hit
equal and then we're going to start typing X lookup now I'm GNA hit tab in just a
second but let's read what this says it says searches a range or an array for a
match and

05:21:37
Returns the corresponding item from a second range or array by default an exact
match is used so really useful to know um we'll talk a little bit more about that
in just a second let's hit Tab and it's going to complete it and it's going to
start giving us or it's going to tell us what our input values need to be we're
going to have our lookup value we're going to have our lookup array our return
array and then some options things like if not found so if your option isn't found
you know what

05:22:06
will be um you know the the uh output that it gives us a match mode and a search
mode and I'm going to show you um kind of how to use every single one of these
things as you can see at the very bottom I've kind of already set up all of the
instructional um instructional content for this video and so we'll kind of get
through all these different scenarios so let's just start really quickly with um
how to use it very simply with the lookup lookup array and return array so we're
going to come in

05:22:36
here and we're going to give it our lookup value Now Toby Fenderson right over here
in A3 is going to be our lookup value so that's who we're going to be searching for
now we're going to hit comma and now we're going to be needing to look up uh or to
input our lookup array now an array is just uh you know a range basically so we're
going to do this is where it's going to be searching for um that value this is
where it's searches for A3 so here's Toby Fenderson here's Toby flenderson so

05:23:05
it will find it in this array right here then we're going to hit comma and now we
need to give it the return array what it's going to return on that row when it
finds it so we're going to return his email keep it really simple so what it should
do and let's close parentheses what it should do is it should take Toby Fenderson
it's going to search in this column or in this array and then it's going to return
the email when it finds Toby Fenderson so it's on Toby Fenderson

05:23:34
is on row six so it's going to find Toby flenderson it's going to come over here
and it's going to return Toby flenderson dundermifflin corporate.com that's what it
should do let's see what it actually does said enter and it returns it now if we
drag it down like this it'll apply it to all of these names right here and it works
exactly how it's supposed to um again if you have never used vlookup you don't know
how good you have it okay vlookup um was extremely useful but just
05:24:05
uh a bit complicated and I'll talk about that near the end of the video when we
compare V lookup to xlookup but just know that if you're using X lookup for the
first time and you're just getting into using Excel you guys have it good okay so
just know that um now let's go over here to X lookup multiple rows because you can
return more than one output with um with X lookup so let's go right in here and
we're going to basically write the exact same thing as we did before so let's write
X lookup

05:24:39
we're going to do Toby flenderson as our value we're going to search here and we're
going to do something a little bit different this time we want to include our end
date and the email so what we're going to do is we're going to start here we're
going to go down all the way to the bottom of end date and then we're also going to
include the email and when we do that it will uh in the output give us a row or a
column for end dat and a column for email so an output for both

05:25:07
so let's hit enter and now we can see that we have the end date here and the email
here now one of the downsides or or something that I'm not a huge huge fan of is
well first off I love that you can do this that's fantastic um but it have to be
right next to each other so you're only going to get that output exactly how it is
in the columns so if I went and did this range um I would include all of that um so
H you know let's just for example let's pull that down here so let's take

05:25:42
this and put it right here if I did instead of zero or or O2 to P10 if I included
age to email this whole range and I hit enter it's all going to be included so you
know that's one of the small downsides of of that functionality of when you can use
multiple rows is that it's going to use the rows exactly as they are you can't
really customize it within the formula you can move around um these columns to how
you want it um so that is something to note and again you can pull this down and
it'll

05:26:21
be applied to all of those names let's go over to X lookup exact match so let's
open this up we're going to do equals xlup as we've been doing and we're actually
going to be looking at the if not found and the match mode U both you know on this
tab right here so let's do what we've been doing before we take our value that
we're looking up we take the array that we're looking and we're going to do the
email and you know as you can see this says Toby flender and not Toby

05:26:54
flenderson so what we are going to do is we're going to hit comma and if it's not
found you can return um a value or a string that you want to return now for simple
purposes or for simple instructional purposes we're going to do not found and then
we're going to close that off so let's do this and Toby Fenderson was not found and
so it was returned not found if Toby Fender was actually in this full name then it
would have returned the email and then if along the way you know one of these was
not part
05:27:29
of it then you know we would have uh we would have had the KN found all right so
let's go right up here we're actually just going to copy this uh because I want to
reuse it um and then we're going to go right here and we hit a comma now this is
our match mode option and so we have four different options that we can choose from
a zero is an exact match and that is by default that is what we have or what we use
then there's a minus one that's an exact match or next smaller item then there's a
one which is an

05:28:00
exact match or next larger item and then there's a two which is a wild card
character match now we're going to do that and we are going to um you know try this
out and it's not going to work and not just because I forgot to put A4 um it's
doing it because it's searching for Beasley but if there's not a wild card option
already put in here um it doesn't recognize it so we need to indicate where that
wild card needs to be so we're going to do a double apostrophe or

05:28:29
quotation marks we're going to put put an asterisk right here and then do another
one and we're going to hit an Amper sand so we're going to have an Amper sand right
here and when that's going to say is anything that comes before A4 anything that
comes before Beasley is okay doesn't matter what it is as long as it has Beasley at
the end that is going to be okay so we're going to have Pam that comes before
Beasley and that's going to tell it and it's going to say okay I know that anything

05:28:56
that comes before Beasley is all right and so when we hit enter is now going to
return the output that we are looking for and we can include that on these as well
now this one is Meredith um and so Meredith is at the beginning so we have Meredith
Palmer so we can actually take this and we're going to put this at the end put the
Amber sand right here and now it'll work and the exact same thing for Kevin Malo
right here Kevin Malone so it just didn't include uh the ne at the end and so it's
still going to work

05:29:33
if we include that asterisk at the end now I know I said we were looking at search
order but I'm actually going to kind of give you an exact match uh first and then
search order but it just kind of easier to show it over here so I'm going to do X
look up I'm going to look up this value do a comma here's the range this is our
start date that's it's going to be looking for and I want to return the full name
now no value in here has one one 2000 but what we can do is we can do comma and
then a comma for

05:30:05
the match mode and do an exact match or next larger and I know this is in the exact
match part but it you know kind of refers to search ORD a little bit um where it
searches for the next largest value that's that's what that number one represents
the next larger value so we have 112000 and if we look right here the next value
above 112000 is 152000 and so it should should return Angela Martin let's see if
that works and there it is now let's look up the actual search order um so let's do

05:30:39
equals x lookup this is the value that we want to be searching for and we're going
to be looking in this start date and comma and we want to return the name now let's
get over to search mode now the search mode performs a search starting at the first
item so at the very top going down so by default it searches from first to last but
you can reverse that and do search from last to first or you can do a binary search
which is where it sorts in ascending order or sorts in descending order um and
that's with the actual

05:31:14
value and so we won't be able to show this binary search or on ascending or
descending because our values are the same but if we had different values and we
were looking up um using this um next largest we we would be able to show that but
I'm going to show you the search from first to last and last to first so let's put
in by default and this is what it would be search From First to Last what the
default would be so it starts at the very top it goes down and finds the first 56
2001 and returns Toby

05:31:46
flenderson now if we go in here and we hit minus one that is going to search from
last to first so it's going to start at the bottom and go to the top and the first
one that it finds is Michael Scott so that's that first one starting from the
bottom and then the Michael Scott right there so these two the exact match and the
search order can kind of be combined into um this one right here we're using this
one um which is you know exact match or next larger and you can include that in

05:32:15
this binary search in this one as well all right now let's head over to the X
lookup horizontal I think we're we only have a few left yep X look up horizontal
then we'll do X lookup with sum and then I'm going to show you the V lookup at the
end so let's go right here let's say equals X lookup the value that we want to be
searching for is February that's what we're looking for hit comma and where do we
want to search to find February we want to search in uh these

05:32:40
calendar months and then we hit another comma and now we're going to be searching
for paper so let's do paper and we'll hit enter and it found February and it return
paper right here and we can do that for paper printer and manila folders and so
it's going to give us the 310 the 40 and the 118 from February now let's go right
over here to XL up with some um I actually it's basically a carbon copy of this uh
let's take this over here real quick and place it right there because

05:33:15
it's the exact same thing except at the end we're going to use I'm going to show
you how to use sum with the X lookup at the same time now um we're going to be
using the formula sum and so we're going to do sum and then within the sum our
first number is going to be an X lookup and then our next value is also going to be
an X lookup so let's do X lookup and now we're going to search for our very first
value oops our very first lookup value so we're going to go to

05:33:52
i1 and then we're going to search this again and we want whatever value oop goes
into that so let's close that parenthesis and now we're going to do a colon and
another X lookup and now let's do March so now we're going to search for March
we're going to do our search range where we're searching for that March and we want
the paper as well and let's close that and then we also need to close that
parentheses so now we are basically adding this February and and this March so it's

05:34:31
going to be 310 plus 150 it's adding those um two values and it should be uh what
460 so let's see if that is our output and it is so you can do this with a lot of
things not just some but you're able to use x lookup within different formulas if
you're searching for a specific value and a specific value um in in another um cell
you can add those together using X lookup which is honestly it's pretty great so
let's go over to V up so I wanted to show you this because I wanted to show you
where

05:35:03
it came from and what we used to do um unless you are continuing to use V lookup
and what we can do now so X lookup I just showed you kind of everything um but
super quickly I'm going to show you how vlookup used to work um in a super short
way so that you can understand how it used to be used and how it is used uh how X
lookup is used now so let's go in here and we're going to say equals and we're
going to do a vlookup and so we have a lookup value Val and so we're going to click

05:35:32
this we're going to hit Comma just like we did before and now we're going to do a
table array and the table array is a little different in that you're searching an
entire area so let's do uh H2 all the way through o oops o10 so that's what that's
what our table array is going to be then we're going to do a comma and now we have
to do a column index number which number um are we going to be um searching for
which um value are we going to be searching for in here and so we want to search
for

05:36:10
eight because this is 1 2 3 4 five 6 7 eight we want to return that email and we're
searching for the name right here in this very first column so we have that comma
and we're going to do eight and then in the range lookup you can do true which is
an approximate match or false which is an exact match and we'll do false I don't
know why it's not Auto auto doing it but there we go and now we will do it and it's
going to return it just as we had it um a lot of people uh I guess not everybody
but some people

05:36:45
didn't like and the reason why they created X lookup you had to do those ranges and
if you ever went in here and then we let's say we um added another column which
happens to data now it gives completely different um different data so let's say
for whatever reason we added uh address so now we have these people address well
now it's going to give us a different um value it's going to have this end dates
because if we go in here now it doesn't um now the eighth is this end date and the
ninth is this

05:37:19
email so if you have a vlookup that you use for um you know a calculation or a
table that you've created or different things in Excel you then have to go through
here and manually change this and so a lot of people didn't like that CU if you you
know needed to change data or you needed to change something or add an additional
column you'd have to go back and fix all of your vlookups they wouldn't just
automatically U Move with it which is what happens with xlookup and just to prove
this uh let's go back

05:37:48
to the very first one which is the X lookup and right now the email is looking at
O2 and through o10 um we're just going to insert right here and that would be our
new colum we'll do address oops address and notice that it hasn't changed and why
is that because it auto changed for us from P2 to P10 understanding that it wanted
to stick with when something was inserted here it wanted to stick with the original
data the original array that was selected and so xlup does that work for you and it

05:38:21
makes it a little bit easier to automate things and create these processes in Excel
without having to go fix it later which you had to do with lookup so that is it for
today I hope that you know how to use x lookup a little bit better now that you
have watched this uh if you enjoyed this video be sure to like And subscribe below
and I will see you in the next [Music] video what's going on everybody welcome back
to another Excel tutorial today we'll be looking at conditional formatting [Music]

05:39:04
now if you've never heard of conditional form mounting before that's okay I had
never heard of it before I became a data analyst and so now that I've been using
Excel a lot of course I use it quite a bit and so I want to show you how to use it
conditional formatting is basically just a way to see patterns and Trends and data
and that's a super simple way of putting it um but it's very easy to use and so
hopefully I can show you how to use it uh really easily in a lot of the things that
I use the most and some

05:39:29
of the things that I use it for so that you can also know how to use conditional
formatting now before we jump into the tutorial I want to give a huge shout out to
the sponsor of this Excel series and that is udemy you guys know by now that I
absolutely love udemy I've been using them for years and I've taken literally
hundreds of courses on udemy and I've learned so so much especially when I was
first starting out as a data analyst uh I learned a lot through their Excel courses
on udemy and so I have actually

05:39:53
put the ones that I really like and I have taken and enjoyed and think you would as
well in the description so if you want to take those sure to check those out again
huge shout out to UD me for sponsoring the series now without further Ado let's
jump onto my screen and get started with the tutorial all right so let's jump right
into it on this Home tab right here if we go all the way over to the right there is
conditional formatting and the description that it gives us is easily spot Trends
and patterns in your data

05:40:17
using bars colors and icons to visually highlight important values and that is
exactly how I would have defined it a really good job Microsoft exactly how I would
have done it so what you'll see right away is there's nothing too complex so we
have some highlight cell rules um we have some top bottom rules data bars color
scales icon sets and then at the bottom we can create a rule we can clear the rule
and we can manage our rule so if you create a rule then you can manage it so we're
going to

05:40:45
start with these icon sets and I'm going to show you how to use those and we'll
work our way to the top and then I'll show you how to create some rules yourself
and how that all works so let's start off with the icon sets I'm going to go over
here to sales um and for this data we kind of have this um you know Trend or or
pattern that you can kind of see over time so over the months um so if we go right
here and let's use that conditional forming let's use that icon sets and right here
we can use these

05:41:18
directional so you know we have this kind of Time series each month that shows us
how much paper they're selling and if we do this right here it's going to show us
if it's kind of average or if it's below average or if it's above average or if
it's going up so at a really quick glance you can kind of see the pattern of this
data set it's kind of going mostly yellow and red there's only two months where
it's going up significantly now we don't have to only

05:41:45
do that for one row or one column you can apply to all of them but as you can see
all of these are red now why are they all red it's because they're using numbers
for everything so they're comparing these 24s these 50s and 65s against these 450s
and 750s and so they're all going to be red but if we do it individually if we do
it each row if we take it just like this and then we go to Icon sets and do it it's
going to be much more representative of the actual printers not of all the numbers
as a

05:42:19
whole and you can do other things uh the arrows are ones that you'll probably see
the most often that's the one I've used if I ever do use them um but you can you
know do ones like this where they have you know kind of a trend upward or a trend
downward um and so there's just several more arrows this one only gives you three
as you can see this one gives you five um and you can do you know colors or shapes
or or different indicators and all these different things um and honestly it's kind
of

05:42:47
whatever you want to use whatever makes sense for your data but you know I've
really only ever seen like these colors being used I've never really seen these
flags or anything like that but again it just depends on what industry you work in
you might you might see that let's go right over here to the demographics um and
let's look at our color scales now color scales are going to be the probably the
most obvious thing that in datab bars are going to be the most obvious things in
here um if you go

05:43:14
right here and and you look at this color scale if it's high if it's among the top
ones it's green the lowest it's red and you can change that um to really any colors
you want any colors that they offer you um and it it does exactly what it does it's
a color scale a gradient of the colors from high to low or low to high and so any
color that you do you'll be able to kind of see um you know what's good and what's
not good that really is um color scales in a nutshell
05:43:48
data bars are again super super straightforward it's going to be either a gradient
fill or a solid fill so let's look at the gradient fill if we do a blue gradient
fill I'll actually let's get rid of our um let's go over here let's go to clear
rules from selected cells we haven't looked at that yet but that's how you clear it
let's go to data bars and we'll use this blue gradient so with this blue gradient
you know this one is or sorry this one is the highest

05:44:16
one so it's going to be completely filled and this one is 36,000 almost half of
this I'm pretty close and so it's almost half um this one again you know it's not
used very often I you don't see these a lot to be honest you just don't um but if
you do see it that's how you use it that's how it can be done again pretty easy uh
as I just showed a second ago if you want to clear the rules you can clear from the
selected cells that's what we're doing so I have column G selected and I'm

05:44:46
going to I'm going to clear that if you want to clear the rules for the entire
sheet you can do that as well so it would affect every single column and row we'll
just do this for now so now let's go look at the top bottom rules so so this is the
top 10 items top 10% bottom 10 items bottom 10% above average and below average and
they're going to do exactly what you think they are going to do if you select above
average it is going to select or highlight the cells that are above the average in
column G

05:45:16
so let's look at the salaries that are above average all right and so uh the ones
that are at the very top are Michael Scotts Toby flenderson and Dwight shro uh no
shock there um I believe the average is somewhere around like 48,500 or something
so I think this one just is just below it and so all these other ones are below
average and that's just because you know Michael Scott and Dwight Sho are and Toby
are kind of bringing up that average quite a bit so everyone else is going to fall
beneath

05:45:47
that so at a super quick glance you're able to just highlight the cells and you're
able to see who is above average and you know you can do this in a lot of different
ways in Excel but this is just a really simple fast way to do that um let's get rid
of that real quick and let's go back up here and now we can oops let's go to top
bottom rules and now we can see the below average and it's going to highlight all
the other ones and so it works exactly how you think it is going to work and this
is

05:46:16
the default way that it highlights these cells so it highlights them this kind of
um seeth through red and then it highlights the actual text or or the um characters
in there red as well now I'm not going to go through and show you every single one
of these top bottom rules I think they're pretty self-explanatory I just kind of
wanted to show you what happens when you do use one of them it's going to highlight
that cell so let's go up here to the Highlight cells rules and honestly these
05:46:43
are the ones that I use by far the most uh all these other ones combined I do not
use more than this highlight cells rules um and the one in here that I use more
than any other conditional formatting rule is this duplicate values so I'll start
with that really quick and I'll kind of show you a few few of these other ones but
this duplicate values to me is one of the most useful ones um and so let's kind of
show you how that works if we go to the start date you can see that we have a
duplicate value right

05:47:13
here and if we go over here to conditional formatting highlight cells rules and
duplicate values it is going to highlight um the uh duplicate and that says
duplicate right here now we can go through here and click on unique um and then it
would highlight all the ones that are not duplicates um so you can use it you know
kind of in a similar inverse way uh it's just different different but I use the
duplicate almost always um another thing that you can do is go over here and you
can change the

05:47:44
color um or you can even do a custom um which I never do that it's not um something
I spend a lot of time doing I typically just stick with this one so you can do that
and it's going to highlight um you know something that has a duplicate value in
there now why do I use this so much well I work with a lot of different types of
data sets but one thing that you'll find in almost all of them is they have some
type of ID and they're going to have some type of um personal information whether
that's a

05:48:17
social security number or an address or um you know or a cell phone number or
something like that there is going to be data that is going to to identify that
person now I work a lot with pharmaceutical data a lot with Pharmacy data um as
well as Healthcare data so like names Social Security numbers addresses phone
numbers all those things all that customer or or client information and oftentimes
when I get a new data set and I have it in Excel or I convert it to excel I will
start using these duplicates to try to

05:48:51
find issues with the data and I find them all the time either there's an employee
ID or some type of customer ID or client ID that has a duplicate in there that
should not be in there or there's multiple Social Security numbers or there's an
issue in some other way and I'm able to find those things and spot those patterns
using this duplicates and I promise you I use this one almost every single time I
open a new data set or I work with a new clients working with their data um and

05:49:17
so I wanted to show you this one I wanted to really press upon you that this one is
a really really really good one to know and learn how to use it's not complicated
it's not hard it just shows you you know you know if there's a duplicate value but
I wanted you to know how I use it and how often I use it so that you can you know
pick that up and put that in your tool kit in your back pocket so that you can use
that later on if you have uh if you have a similar need or if you're trying

05:49:42
to do something similar to what I was just talking about so that is how duplicates
work again super great it's obviously not super useful when you're only using um 10
rows but when you have you know 50,000 100,000 and there should be zero duplicates
in there and you highlight it and then uh you come right here use the filter and
we're going to filter and we're going to sort by the color and it allows you to
sort by the color and you have duplicates in there then that's a problem and you
identified a problem

05:50:14
super quickly uh and you know some of those things they slip by because nobody
checks it and so that's something that I I often check and if you go here and you
sort by color and there isn't an option to do um this this pink red color and that
means there aren't any duplicates and that a really good thing most of the time
that's a really good thing so let's go ahead and we're going to clear that as well
as get rid of our conditional formatting rules now another one that I use a lot

05:50:43
is this one right here which is the text that contains honestly this one comes a
lot in handy especially when you're looking for like a specific keyword in my uh
case a lot of times I was using this when I was going through drug names I am not a
doctor I do not pretend to be a doctor and so when I was looking for laraza Pam or
something like that um I would just search for like lorz or something and and not
Lorax but loras you know I I would just search for it and then all the ones that
contain that

05:51:17
would pop up I can bring them to the top and I can see them and to me that's super
super useful and I would do that all the time and so in this case we're looking at
emails and let's say we all only wanted to pull all the ones that are Gmail and so
now we can go through and we can you know click okay and that's going to pop up or
we want all the ones that have Dunder oops Dunder Mifflin and if we click on that
all the ones that are Dunder Mifflin come up or have done their Mylin in it and
again we

05:51:46
can um sort by or we can um and so we can sort by right here and we can bring all
those to the top and so super super useful um and another use for it that you may
not think of is something like if it's you know there's some incorrect data in
there this happens often with phone numbers addresses um start dates or or or dates
in general date formats where you can go in here and you can say text that contains
and if you know you put in a oops a dash and it has it in there then you know that
that is that is

05:52:23
wrong now that is really all I wanted to show you in the Highlight cells rules uh
the duplicate values and the text contains are by far the ones that I use the most
all the other ones I have used um these ones not so much but in these highlight
cells rules I use you know these two all the time um sometimes I use this between I
don't really use these other ones as much although I have used them and so you got
nothing else from this video I just wanted you to know that these two are super
useful and

05:52:51
if you haven't used them before to maybe try them out and see if you can apply them
to your own data sets now we've looked at all of these preset ones in conditional
formatting but you can also do a new rule and so if we click on new rule right here
and we go down to use a formula to determine which cells to format we can add our
own formula in here that will then highlight exactly what we want and so if there
isn't a preset rule that you like and it doesn't have the option that you want you
can do

05:53:20
almost any formula that you want in our formulas video that we did a few weeks ago
and you can put it in here and then you can format uh what you want the cell to
look like if it meets that criteria so let's take this right over here um and
before we start this formula I just want you to note that you know I have h11
highlighted that's going to come into play in just a little bit but I want you to
be aware that h11 is the cell that we're highlighted so what we're going to do is
we are going to

05:53:48
create our formula now if you've never created a formula I highly recommend uh
watching my formulas tutorial because that is going to show you how to do this um
but we're all we're going to do is we're going to do equals that's how you start
the uh how you actually create a formula and we're going to give it this range
right here and so it's going to take everything from G2 to G10 now these dollar
signs are super important if you don't know how to use them or you don't

05:54:14
know what they do um you're going to mess up this formula a lot uh and so what this
dollar sign basically does is it's basically hardcoding it in there it is only
going to look at G2 and is only going to look at G10 or through G10 because that
colon and this can come into play because if you have something selected like the
h11 it's going to mess it up because now if you have h11 selected like we do you'll
see this in a second it's not going to be applied to this um and again I'll show
you that in

05:54:46
just a minute but we don't want this hardcoded in there okay but we do have to
select the proper range in a second um so we're going to get rid of this we're
going to get rid of the dollar signs because we want to pretty fluid and be able to
applied to be applied basically anywhere we want let's go into this formula um if
it meets our criteria let's give it um let's give it a border and we'll give it um
we'll give it some color we're going to say if this is greater than

05:55:17
50,000 so let's hit okay and nothing happened so let's go back and see why so if we
go to our manage rules you can see that so as the G2 to G G10 is greater than
50,000 but it only is being applied to this h11 cell which really makes no sense um
so if we had wanted to get it done the first time we needed to have basically
selected that G2 to G10 right away um but we can do that now so let's get rid of
this and we're going to say G2 to G10 and that is hardcoded in there that's should
be fine still um but let's

05:55:55
see what it does and so now every every single thing is highlighted and why is that
uh that's because when we changed it it also changed the format of it because we
changed the cell that we were looking at so we need to come back here and that's
why again you want to do this the right way the first time we're going to come back
here we're going to give it this range and we're going to get rid of these dollar
[Music] signs and now we're going to hit okay and so now it's being applied G2 to
G10

05:56:28
and G2 to G10 and we'll keep it like that and we'll apply it and now it works
properly so now everything that's above 50,000 is being highlighted again if that
was confusing um it it is confusing it genuinely is and so if you wanted to do this
right the first time without having to make a bunch of changes you'd want to
highlight these before you start and then you want to go in and create the rule
we'll do this really quick just to kind of show you what I'm talking about we'll
say equals we'll give it

05:56:56
this range get rid of these real quick because again I don't want this hardcoded in
there it will ruin our formula and then we'll say greater than 30 um and we'll give
this nice green uh and so now if they're over the age of 30 it will be highlighted
and we didn't have to go back and change anything we didn't have to go back and fix
anything like we did in the first one um that was all for demonstration purposes
but again you need to really be aware of that that is something that I think think
almost

05:57:29
everybody's going to mess up at some point if you don't already know about it then
you definitely are going to make that mistake now if we come over here in this area
uh we go to our manage rules and not just the current selection but this whole
worksheet then you can see that we have these two formulas now you can go in and
edit any of these by double clicking or clicking on it and then hitting edit rule
you can also delete these rules or duplicate these rules um I just wanted to show
you what

05:57:53
you are able to do with them but if we uh go ahead and we get rid of this um so
let's say we delete that rule and we hit apply uh you know the rule is going to go
away that's that I mean it's as simple as that so that is how you can create your
own rule I want to be again very specific in the fact that that is a confusing
piece and if you mess that up you're going to be you know fixing a bunch of
different stuff and not understanding why your rule is not working properly it's
just because it's

05:58:23
confusing those dollar signs are are really important to watch out for and that is
all all there is to it with conditional formatting again conditional formatting is
um you know it's not anything super confusing we've looked at more complicated
things but it's a really really useful tool to use to look at these patterns and
Trends super quickly and to find um these outliers or these specific values that
you're looking for very quickly and if you're looking at just thousands and tens of

05:58:50
thousands or hundreds of thousands of rows this is one of the fastest ways to find
these things without having to kind of wait and filter and use these um these these
filters right here because again this can just take forever um and so if you
haven't or if you've never worked with a ton of data and tried to use this before
it can take honestly like 10 minutes for something simple that you could do with
conditional formatting in like 10 seconds so definitely something to mess with and
use when you are working with your own

05:59:17
data sets uh I hope this was helpful I mean honestly I use this all the time so you
know I hope that somebody out there can can use this uh for their own work that
they're currently using thank you guys so much for watching I really appreciate it
again huge shout out to you me for sponsoring this Excel series if you like this
video be sure to like And subscribe below I'll see you in the next [Music] video
what's going on everybody welcome back to another Excel tutorial today we will be
looking at

05:59:55
[Music] charts now if you have data in Excel and you want to visually show that
with bars or graphs or anything like that you can do that really simply and I'm
going to show you how to do that today and a lot of people are a little bit
intimidated because they think it's a little bit complicated but I promise you by
the end of this video you will know how to do it like a pro it's not that difficult
it's just you need to know where to look where to click and how to actually filter
through things to make sure that

06:00:24
you're visually showing the things that you want to show but before we actually
jump into the the tutorial I want to give a huge shout out to the sponsor of this
Excel series and that is udem me you may not know this but I probably get at least
15 to 50 companies every single month reaching out to me wanting to sponsor the
channel and promote their product and I turn down almost every single one because I
either don't know their product or I don't believe in their product and so I'm not
going to

06:00:46
you know go and promote that on my channel but unud me is one that I have
consistently promoted over the past year and that's because I truly believe in
their product I've been taking courses off their platform for years and I've
honestly learned so much and I cannot recommend them enough so if you want to take
a full-fledged Excel course I have my recommendations in the description if you
want to check those out thank you again to UD me for sponsoring this Excel Series
so without further Ado let's jump

06:01:10
onto my screen and get started with the tutorial all right so let's jump right into
it right here we have the Dunder Mifflin sales report and over here we have all the
products that they were selling along with the months that they were sold in and so
in January they sold 450 reams of paper down here we have the total it items per
month and so in January they sold 898 units of uh products or or things that they
sold at the very end we have the year end total so this is the total amount of
paper

06:01:38
that they sold throughout the year now we're going to use this data right here for
all of our charts now you may not have data exactly like this it can come in lots
of different flavors but you're going to get the basic gist of how to use charts
how to edit it how to customize it to fit what you need and then we're going to
kind of put it right over here and kind of create its own sheet where we can kind
of visualize all the things that we want to show so let's jump right back over here

06:02:07
into sales and first thing we need to do is kind of highlight the data that we're
going to be working with now I'm going to start with everything but um you know
I'll show you along the way we don't actually want everything but we can filter
that stuff out as we go so let's go right here and we're going to insert and we're
going to go over to charts now this is the chart section there's lots of different
types of charts um but the first thing that we're going to be

06:02:32
looking at is right here this is a 2d column or kind of like a bar chart and we're
just going to click right here and we're going to pull this down so now that we
have this down here there are a few things that I want to show you before we
actually really get into it I kind of want to show you the options that you have so
if you go up here we have different uh chart Styles and so if I hover over them you
can see that each one kind of looks a little bit different and it really doesn't
matter

06:03:03
uh it doesn't really change the data in any way just how you visualize it and so if
that is important if that is something that you um you want to stick with a certain
theme or a certain look then go for that uh the other thing that's really nice to
have over here is this switch row and column so right down here you can see this
purple and you can see this red those are our rows and columns and we can switch
that right here so if we go like this now instead of the months being right here
the

06:03:32
months are the colors and the actual product is right here let's click it again and
it'll go back and so now we have this kind of Time series now we have January
through the end of your total now this one is one that I think is super helpful you
know it you can do it down here as well if you go to this filter um but both of
these are super helpful because you sometimes just want to select all the data and
then kind of get in there and mess with with it something that we want to get rid
of is

06:04:00
this total items per month so we want to remove that and then we also want to
remove this year-end total because both of those are are kind of the end result
they're not the actual data per month or or per product so we're going to get rid
of those and we're going to apply that and as you can see just right off the bat
our data is changed dramatically uh and that's because we aren't including these
these large large numbers that were kind of throwing off uh the visualization for
us so this one right

06:04:30
here as is is already pretty good um what we can do right here is we can change
this and we're just going to say products sold per month now what we can do if we
want to move it to another um to another sheet is we can actually move the chart
and we can select where we want to move it we can move it to chart sheet and we can
do that or something that I do um almost 99% of the time I just copy and I come
over here and I'm going to paste it and so now we have this um this chart right
over here as well as back here and so I

06:05:11
typically tend to do that because now we can still go over here and change this one
as much as we want so if we want to go in here we can alter this one and it won't
affect the other one so we just have basically two copies so we're going to keep
this one right here this is going to be our first visualization um and as I said
said it's it's fairly straightforward if you've ever done any types of charts or
graphs before um right here it's January February March April May and if you

06:05:36
hover over these you can see that that's the the paper and if we just glance you
know the paper is their biggest product by far and so that blue um which is their
paper is going to be the biggest every single month so that makes perfect sense now
what if we want to change up uh the the kind so what if we want to change up the
kind of visualization that it offers us well we have a lot of different options
let's go right over here to change chart type now this is going to offer you just
about everything

06:06:08
you could possibly imagine or want and even things that you absolutely would never
ever want ever um and so I'm going to show you some of the good ones and I'm going
to show you some just absolutely insane ones that uh Excel came up with which
cannot I could not imagine a scenario that these are ever used um but Within These
columns you can do they're called cluster columns uh these stacked columns so would
look just like this those are often used as well um and then we have ones that

06:06:40
they're just not used often let's look let's take a look at this one right here I
mean it's tough it's tough to look at um but let's let's put it right here this is
basically the same thing that we just had except visualized in a different um we'll
call it more unique way uh and let's for the sake of it let's put it over here um
these two things show the same information they show the same data just one is
shown well and one is not shown well um I'm not a fan of

06:07:11
these 3D type of visualizations I I just don't like them but maybe you do and and
you want to use that that's fantastic let's go back um something else that you'll
probably use a lot are things like these um these line graphs okay so these are
line graphs and they're different types so they're these stacked um 100% stacked
line lines with markers different flavors for this this type of line graph and so
you can go in here and take a look again um not my favorite but they

06:07:47
have it as an option if you CH so choose to do this um but I kind of I'm kind of a
simple guy um but I'm going to go in here and it's pretty cluster um I want to kind
of take the ones that have the highest sales or the highest total amount sold so
that would be paper manila folders and three ring binders so let's go in here we
want to keep paper we want to keep uh manila folders and we want to keep three ring
binders and let's apply that and so now it's a lot cleaner and we're just going

06:08:25
to copy this and we're going to put it over here and I'm just putting these all
over here for you U because we'll look at this at the end and just kind of see
different options and and ways to do things as we have gone through this tutorial
so let's go back here now something else that we haven't looked at is the actual
colors and color schemes that you can do so let's go right here to these chart
Styles and we can go to color now color is um something that probably is quite
overlooked um in

06:08:55
actual charts and graphs some terrible colors like this or or this um where they're
really close together especially when you have a lot of them um for example let's
just pretend we put all of them back really quickly it is near impossible to
distinguish these colors um we wouldn't we wouldn't want that let's go back to this
color you know when you have it like uh in some of these colors at least it at
least distinguishes them so you can kind of see what you're working with with um
but when you have

06:09:28
it in these monochromatic options sometimes they're just impossible to distinguish
so be sure to choose the right colors that you're using so that if somebody who's
never seen this data before looks at it they can easily distinguish uh the product
and the month that you are looking at but let's go just back up here we'll choose
this default option um well let's choose this one right here this one's nice
although there's lots of yellows and oranges let's see this one this one's not bad

06:09:57
greens blues uh and like yellows so that's nice um other things that we want to
look at and there are these chart elements right here other things that we can add
are things like data labels um and right here it's super messy um but if we went
back and we got rid of some of these things like the printer Staples highlighters
pens and total we apply that it's a little bit easier to distinguish um and that's
you know something that you may be interested in doing you can also add this data
table at the bottom which

06:10:34
is the actual columns and rows that you have for this visualization right here now
let's expand this quite a bit I'm going to make this extremely large if you have
something like this it actually can be pretty nice um you know maybe we get rid of
these data labels but it can be easy because you're putting it all in one place you
can also make this two separate visualizations so you can have one visualization
just like this and right underneath it you can have the actual rows and columns but
this option

06:11:01
allows you to put it all in one so let's put this back down because that is way too
big and uh wait let's expand it a little bit now if you notice right here we have
our Legend up top um it is possible to actually change that you can go right here
and you can move this um kind of wherever you want um but it's not exactly easy to
put based off how we have it right here if we go into to this chart elements we go
down to Legend and we hit this little arrow right here we can select it on the
right the top the

06:11:36
left and the bottom or we can just go to more options uh which allows us to push it
anywhere but um let's say I want to do it just like this I'm going to put on the
right and I actually want to bring it down right here and you know that's just an
option if you want to kind of customize it a little further makes a little cleaner
uh you can do that with almost any of these things so if you click on this oops if
you click on this you can move this anywhere as well so if you want to move this
over here on top

06:12:03
of it you can and make it look terrible or you can move it uh right back over here
you know this is something that you can move around uh you just kind of want to
make sure you're doing it the right way so let's get this back where was there we
go now before we go any further let's copy that and put it right over here with our
other uh charts and graphs and if you see over here on this side we have this this
format chart area notice I haven't showed you this at all yet that is because I
genuinely just don't

06:12:32
use this almost at all um there are some good stuff in here um and I'm sure that
you know if you were someone who really wants to go in there and super customize it
you can do that um but I honestly I just never get in here and I never you know
change the glow or the Shadows um just not something I use and some of these are
only for these three 3D formatting which I never use and so I'm not going to show
you and walk through these things again I I really don't use it and so if you want
to go in there and

06:13:02
mess with it uh you know by all means go for it it's just not something that I want
to take the time to show you and with that being said let's go back over to this
chart sheet that we have and it was super super easy to get these um charts and
graphs and and and whatnot there are lots of different options again if we go back
here and we go up here to chart design and go to the change chart type and again
there are a ton of different options like a pie chart um like this it's it's you
know

06:13:34
you can try to figure this out and use these um but you know I wanted to show you
the ones that you'll probably use the most which are these columns and line charts
and they all kind of are similar in their own way this bar chart is basically you
know this column chart just on its side and so they all have their different flavor
they all have their different way of visualizing the data but but in essence
they're using the data in a similar way to to visualize it and represent the data
itself especially things like these box

06:14:03
and whisker plots or these waterfall charts uh you know these are things that
usually require specific data to kind of use uh and and so I'm just using data that
you'll probably see the most of um like this this sales data so I hope that this
given you a pretty good um you know quick understanding of how to use these how to
customize them how to copy and paste them over to to a different sheet to create
some type of little uh chart and visualization sheet that you can use to show your
employers and and visualize

06:14:35
the data that you are working with thank you guys so much for watching I really
appreciate it again huge shout out to you to me for sponsoring this Excel series if
you like this video be sure to like And subscribe below and I'll see you in the
next [Music] video what's going on everybody welcome back to the Excel tutorial
Series today we'll be looking at how to clean data in [Music] Excel now knowing how
to clean data in Excel is actually extremely useful and there are a ton of
techniques to do this

06:15:16
I'm going to be showing you the ones that I probably use the most I feel like are
the most helpful to kind of do the bulk or the majority of the data cleaning that
you're going to do in Excel like I said there's so many different ways and very
specific things that you can do but I'm going to highlight some of the bigger ones
that I find the most useful and some of you may be thinking well I'll just do my
data cleaning in SQL or python or when I get it ready to put it in Tableau um but

06:15:39
honestly a lot of the data cleaning at least a lot of the big stuff I tend to do in
Excel IF the data set is small enough to fit in Excel and so I think it's actually
really really useful to know how to do this because you'll most likely be doing it
more than you think now before we jump into the tutorial I want to give a shout out
to the sponsor of this video and is brand new sponsor it is unlocked by Z by HP
unlocked is a movie that's actually broken up into four parts and each of them have
a

06:16:04
unique data science challenge associated with it now I'm going to read this next
part because it's extremely interesting each challenge represents a different topic
so there's data visualization text analysis audio signal processing and computer
vision and you can submit your answers in your work on their website for a chance
to win one of 10 zbook Studio laptops or a free trip to the kaggle World
Championships so I'll leave a link in the description where you can go watch the
movie and then do the

06:16:27
challenges and then submit your answers for a chance to win you should also go
check out their hackathon where you can do these projects with other people just
like you who are trying to figure out these answers and submit them to win as well
so go check that out thank you again to the sponsor of this video unlocked by Z by
HP now without further Ado let's jump onto my screen and get started with the
tutorial all right so let's jump right into it I have this US president data set I
got the base data

06:16:50
set from kaggle uh but I added some of my own data and then I messed some stuff up
as well just to kind of um demonstrate some of these things that we're going to be
looking at today this is not a full project so you know we're actually going to be
using this to create any visualizations or anything like that so you know all this
is just for demonstration purposes but we will be doing a full project in about two
or three videos uh in this Excel Series where we're going to be doing from start

06:17:17
to finish with a real data set so you know if that's something that you're you
wanting then we will absolutely be doing that now something that you may be
wondering is how do you actually identify what you need need to clean in the data
what do you know to look for well some of the obvious things are things like
formatting and standardization so things like you know this James Monroe is in all
caps that happens all the time within real data um and and so you know you want to
standardize that or this all lowercase

06:17:43
you want to standardize that you want that all to be the same there's also things
like um right here or we have this wig and this wig with a bunch of random stuff
after it this happens all the time where it's not completely standardized um and
you may even notice um you know there are some spelling errors in here and I'll
we'll kind of look through that in a little bit and then you know there are things
like additional spaces where there shouldn't be spaces there are things like

06:18:11
currencies that you need to be aware of if you were importing this into or going to
be importing this into a SQL database um things like currencies can be just a
problem or be really um unnecessary it may actually cause more issues in the long
run so you may just want to you know take that to the base value and then dates are
always an issue always always always um so always look at your dates make sure
they're they're formatted correctly make sure they're all the same these are the
types of

06:18:40
things that right when I glance at this data set these are things that I'm looking
for um one other thing that is actually the first thing that we're going to start
out with is you want to make sure that your data is not duplicated because if your
data has duplicate data in it and you don't want that it's not supposed to be there
there are some specific use cases where duplicated data is okay um you know you
want to get rid of that and it's very easy to do in Excel uh the first thing

06:19:08
we're going to do we're going to go uh to this data tab we're going to go right
over here and we're going to get see if there's any uh duplicates in our data so
we're just going to go up to remove duplicates it's going to automatically choose
all of your columns to to check against so it's going to for from a all the way
through I it's going to see is the exact same data in all these rows and if it is
it's going to get rid of it um and so we're going to click okay and

06:19:32
it did find one duplicate and I'll show you that one real quick um because you know
it was right here so Barack Obama was here twice and then I'm going to hit control
I hit control Z to go back I'm going hit control y to go forward and it removed
that uh that row completely now in this example you may be able to spot that with
your eye but in a real data set where you have 10,000 100,000 rows there's
absolutely no way you're going to see that or very very unlikely that you are going
to see that there's
06:20:01
duplicated data in there so just running a a a quick um dup or or removing of
duplicates that is really important to make sure that you um have gotten rid of
those things so that's one of the first things that I do um we're going to go into
a lot of these different uh columns and I'm going to kind of show you different
techniques or things that I do when I look at actual data so I'm going to come
right over here I'm going to insert and this is what I actually do I I usually
create a separate column

06:20:30
especially when I'm working with this because I don't want to change this one um I
don't want to go in here and you know say um equals upper equals proper Etc there's
a lot of different ways that you can change um names or not a lot but the main ones
that you can change names and all of them are completely okay so for example I'm
going to hit equal upper oops upper and I'm going to go like this and close my
parentheses so I selected this S I close my parenthese hit enter

06:20:58
it is and I'm going to hit um in the bottom right I'm going toit double click this
and it's going to apply to all of them it is completely okay to have your data like
this if you want it to be like that um if you want it to be all lower you can do
that if you want it to be in proper case you can do that um there are oops there
are different um uses for all of them and honestly as long as it's all the same
typically it's okay but if um you know for example if you're selling

06:21:25
this to like a third party company or something like that they may have um what
they want for their ingestion process when they take your file in if you send you
know a weekly file or a monthly file they may want it exactly how they want it and
you can change that to to what they want um but as long as it's standardized for
you it's all the same for you that is a good thing so now we have all of these um
in the proper case that's typically what I I do or I use upper those are the ones I
use the

06:21:55
most I don't usually use um lower and if you go in here and you type in lower you
know it changes it to all lower I don't typically do that um and I'm gon to add I'm
oops I'm gonna say president Dash fixed and so now all of these names um all of
these uh different uppercase and lowercase these are all fixed and and it just
makes it so much easier to read and you don't have different um uppercase and
lowercase issues it's all the same so I'm going to keep keep that right

06:22:27
there uh if we move a little bit to the right if you look at this prior now this
prior is a mess it it has stuff all over and to be honest this is not really
something that I would probably be using um like in a real data set I would look at
this column and I would say this is pretty useless um if I had a very specific use
case for this this data in this column I might try to you know parse it out and do
something but I don't uh this this is a completely useless com to me so I'm
actually going
06:23:00
to skip this one I'm going to go to this party one and this party one to me it
looks pretty important because this is something that I know I can Group by um and
I can create visualizations with and and kind of break that out and if you look
right here we're going to add um we're going to add a filter so now let's open up
party and take a look so if we look right here we have Democratic democratic-
republican Federalist nonpartisan repu Republican Republicans wig and wig with a a
date and some

06:23:30
information in the back of it and then some blanks um and it's really important
when we're when we're looking at these um ones that we think we might Group by that
we have these um properly grouped so Republican and Republicans to me right off the
bat looks like a spelling error and so I'm just going to deselect All I'm going to
go to Republican Republicans and it's literally Republican all the way down except
for for this last one and to me that's just something that I would update so I
would

06:24:00
just go right here I do that if I didn't do that and then I try to create let's say
a pivot table on here I'll have its own group of Republicans and it wouldn't be
added to Republican and maybe that's on purpose but let's just presume that we know
this data extremely well and that's not supposed to be like that right again that
that just comes back to knowing your data really well understanding what it um you
know what it should look like and we know that it should not be like that so we're
going

06:24:26
to fix that uh the next thing that we're going to fix um and as you can see it it
got rid of it next thing we're going to fix is this wig um that's just like an
error that's that's some issue on the the data side and we're just going to fix
that by updating it and that's it I would always be keeping um a a copy of this
with the raw data uh somewhere else because this is presumably like a working
document this is not a um you know you aren't saving over your original file let's
just say that

06:25:02
and then let's take a look at these blanks real quick um okay so there are these
rows right here that have nothing I think we're okay but if we see anything
different 47 48 okay so yeah it's just these ones right here that have no data in
it anyways it's just seeing it in the filter so not an issue at all so okay we're
looking good we've gone all the way over we we fixed this President we skipped this
one um we we cleaned up this party and I kept this one in here because I'm not
exactly sure

06:25:33
if that's a Democratic or republican so I'm going to keep it its own thing um I'm
not a huge uh history buff in that aspect the next one right here is um the next
one right here is really easy uh this is something that happens all the time
especially on actually most often it's happens on numerical data so like uh you
know there'll be a number of 1,1 and then there'll be a space after it for
absolutely no reason uh and it happens all the time it does happen like this as
well um where you'll see this
06:26:07
and all you got to do is do trim and select the the cell we're going to close that
parenthesis and we're going to apply that all the way down what is so fantastic
about the trim is that it's really intuitive and it knows basically everything it
needs to do for example um it gets gets rid of the um spaces before it gets rid of
extra spaces in the middle and um it'll get rid of extra spaces at the end um which
you wouldn't be able to see but they are there and they they absolutely can cause
issues if

06:26:41
you have spaces at the end that you cannot see um let's take this one for example
like if I had spaces at the end that can cause issues when you insert or or or put
that into a database um that happens a lot with numbers um you know when you're
putting that into SQL that can cause issues and so you really it is important to
actually do that trim um and you can do that on all of your columns or just ones
that you know you're having issues with but once you import that data into SQL you
will know

06:27:07
if there's an issue or not when you actually try to start using it so we're going
to say Vice and we're going to say fixed oops there we go uh this next one is one
that you'll run into a lot when you're working with numerical data you will
encounter so many different issues um one that I run into a lot is I I've worked
with a lot of cost data or pricing data and when it's in an Excel it h it sometimes
comes in with um these currencies like a dollar sign a pound sign things like that
and when you put

06:27:43
that into SQL it just is a nuisance right you're not going to be able to run um
it's going to go in as a text or it's going to be like a string right because it
has that special character and you don't want that you don't want to have to then
go in and then change things around you just want to be able to start um you know
doing calculations on those numbers so what you can do is sometimes it'll come in
as a text sometimes it'll come in as um currency which I think this

06:28:12
one's a currency we are just going to change that to be a number and then we're
going to get rid of these oops and get rid of those that it doesn't look as pretty
but that is much more useful than actually having the currency on there with the
decimals this actually is so much easier when you when you want to use it for
almost anything because you're able to add and uh do things properly in other
systems in Excel I think it does understand it um but you know that can cause
issues so

06:28:45
there is how you do that the next thing that we're going to look at is these dates
and just notoriously whenever I see a date field I know there's going to be an
issue with it it's very rare that I get a date field that is perfect uh it just it
is genuinely is um is a novelty when that happens and most of the time it has to do
with um let's say a date comes into Excel and it's in a text format or date comes
into Excel and they're not the same in this example they are not the same um and we
just
06:29:17
want them to all be similar they say date on if you look right here it says date it
says date it looks like it should be the the same um but if we go like this it all
looks the same right there's no issues at all if we were to um try to use that it
may or may not be an issue but we don't want to leave that to chance later on if
you're using this with python or something like that it can cause issues U maybe
not in SQL because it may um see the underlying um what's in the underlying cell
not just

06:29:51
what we see but some systems won't and so you want to make sure that they're all
the same and so you know what we were doing back here with um oops with the party
and we were looking at this uh this filter and identifying the issues I usually do
that on date fields as well and and oftentimes um I know just for just for
demonstration purposes ofttimes I will get something like that and then I'll come
up here and I'll notice that there's this one random number that happens all the
time all the time um and

06:30:23
so you know you want to make sure that you um that you look at these things and
just just do at least a quick glance if not kind of doing a kind of a deep dive
into it but all we're going to do is we're going to do both of these and we're
going to do a short date and let's take a look and see if that fixed it and so now
they are all the same format and that is fantastic that is exactly what we want
we're going to go back through here we're going to get rid of these um again this
is a

06:30:52
working um this is a working document oops uh we need to we're I'm going to do um
control shift down oops let me go back up do control shift down and copy and what
I'm going to do right now is I'm actually going to copy let me do it right here
I'll show you sometimes I do this does just depends I'm going to go right here I'm
going to hit rightclick and I'm going to paste as a value which means it's not
going to take the calculation or the formula that I just did

06:31:26
uh it's going to actually paste it as that value so we just replaced it um right
here you can see up here it says equals trim of G2 this now now that I copied and
pasted it over as a value um it got rid of that um calculation and now it is
actually a string so we don't need this anymore and I'll do the same thing over
here as well I'm going to control shift down copy and I just hit the right key uh
or the left key sorry now I'm going to right click and I'm going to do paste as

06:32:03
a value and again it has this proper and now it doesn't have the proper it's
actually the value that was here so that's really important to note uh and we're
going to get rid of that one and so now what we have is is already looking much
better now one of the last things I we're going to look at is deleting columns that
we are not going to use and this is why it's so important to keep a backup or or or
the raw data not in this file because if you start saving over this file and this
is your
06:32:30
raw file uh that can mess up a lot of things and that happens to me before and it's
terrible and then you have to request another file or you have to go back and find
it or something like that it's terrible um so so this is our working document so we
can mess with this and do whatever we want for our purposes now for us um I can
already tell you that this prior is a bunch of nonsense and we do not need it we're
not going to use it for anything and it and if we have um this is a small very
small

06:32:58
data set this only has like um let's say you know one two three four five six seven
eight we have like eight columns that we're you know kind of using that has data
eight or nine now that's a small data I've had ones with literally like hundreds um
and and it has so many columns uh so much data and sometimes it's good to just trim
it back to the things you know you're going to use this to me is absolutely useless
um we're going to delete that and then right over here it's pretty

06:33:27
redundant um it's just one number off but if we scroll down just a little bit um it
goes it's basically just counts it's a you could even call it a unique um
identifier if you want sure why not but we don't need both um so we're going to get
rid of this first one and now we have more of the useful and relevant data rather
than the stuff that we absolutely know that we are not going to use um these date
updated and date created we may never use them but we might um so it doesn't hurt
to keep it

06:33:56
on hand those other ones are ones that we are almost certain we will never use
again keep a backup just in case you need it you can always go back and get it so
you know if you go back to what we started with and you look at what we have now it
is much cleaner it's much more usable and these are small subtle changes um
especially with this very small data set of only like 50 rows or or 46 rows but
you're going to be working with data sets that are thousands tens of thousands
hundreds of

06:34:23
thousands of rows and you need to know how to kind of look at this data standardize
it um format it properly for what you're going to be using it for if you're keeping
it in Excel there are different things that you may do than if you're putting it
into a database or going to be using it in you know um using python to to access it
so you need to kind of know your use case but these are some things that I do all
the time to kind of clean up the data before I use it for something whether I'm

06:34:52
creating pivot tables or I'm inserting it into or I'm putting it into SQL these are
things I do all the time and so hopefully that helps give you kind of an idea of
some of the things that you should be looking for when you're actually cleaning
data and it's really important to understand why you're actually making these
changes and the reason you're making these changes because some of the things that
I did today may not be things you want to do on a different data set that has

06:35:15
different uses and different um purposes for so you know take everything that I've
said and and apply it um with a little grain of salt to your data set because your
spefic specific needs may be different than what I wanted when I was cleaning my
data set so I hope this was helpful I hope you this gave you a small glimpse of
some of the things that I'm looking for when I clean a data set or I get a new data
set in and I'm kind of you know analyzing it figuring out what I need to fix in it
I hope this has

06:35:41
been helpful uh with that being said thank you so much for watching I really
appreciate it if you like this video be sure to like And subscribe below and I'll
see you in the next [Music] video [Music] what's going on everybody welcome back to
the Excel tutorial Series today we're going to create an entire project in [Music]
Excel now if you've never done a complete project in Excel where you take the data
you clean it then you create an actual dashboard where people can click on things
and filter things this is

06:36:23
going to be a really great learning opportunity as well as potentially you know a
simple project that you can use for your portfolio or you can spice things up and
go a little farther than what we're going to be doing in today's video I will walk
you through every single step of the way and hopefully we learn something together
and without further Ado let's jump right into it let's jump onto my screen and get
started with the project all right so this is the data set that we're going to

06:36:44
be working with I will leave a link in the description to my GitHub where you can
go and download it so you can be working with the exact same data set that I am
using now before we actually get into this data and start looking at it I'm going
to show you what the final dashboard is going to look like um we're going to create
a few different types of visualizations nothing too crazy um and then we'll create
some filters as well so we can kind of you know create some interactive filters
with our data so

06:37:07
let's go right on over to our data set now I'm going to hide this because we are
not going to use that but what I am going to do before we do anything is I'm going
to create a dashboard and I'm going to create a pivot table oops and I'm going to
create a working sheet so um all these things have different uses and I'll explain
that as we go along so this is our data set um I'm going to copy this over to our
working sheet when I go into you know an Excel and I'm working on something I don't

06:37:46
like to you know use just the one that I was using in case I mess something up and
it saves over or's some issue I like to create a working sheet and keep the raw
data right over here it just makes my life easier I don't have to save it and then
you know open up a different Excel to compare them so we have our bike buyers this
is our working sheets this is our raw data this is the one we're actually be
working on today so let's um let's start looking at it really quick and just kind
of glance and

06:38:10
see what data we're working with and then we'll start cleaning it up making it more
useful for what we are going to be using it for and then we'll start building out
the dashboard so right here we have an ID that should be be a unique ID to each
person uh this is their marital status so married or single this is their gender
male female we have their income children their education their occupation do they
own a home how many cars they own how long their commute is the region where they
live

06:38:44
their age and if they purchased a bike and this column right here is extremely
important this is going to tell us whether they did or did not buy a bike so we got
their information they're looking for a bike but they either decided not to buy a
bike or they did buy a bike and we're going to be using that one a lot in in this
video and so um you know this is basically the data set that we're working with um
some of the demographics and and information behind the person so what we want to
do

06:39:11
when we are cleaning the data before we do anything uh I like to see if there are
any duplicates in here um what we're going to do is come right up here we can go to
uh where is it right here we got remove duplicates so we're going to click on that
it selects every single one we just want to see if there's any useless duplicated
data that we do not need uh and the data is a header so we're going to click okay
all right so we had a ton of duplicates in there uh for whatever reason so yeah we
do have duplicates in

06:39:43
there so I'm glad we did that otherwise we would have uh you know not good data and
we don't want that let's start right over here um the ID of course we're not going
to change the marital status and gender are M's s's fs and M's um this isn't
inherently a bad thing to have it like this but you know we have to think about it
from the perspective of someone who's going to be using this dashboard do they know
what M ands is do they know what M uh and F is and if they don't

06:40:13
it's better to just spell it out for the most part um so let's just do that so
we're going to click on the column B we're going to hit controll H that's going to
bring up our find and replace now there's an m in both of these columns and there's
different things one is married and one means male so we're going to do is we're
going to search by columns um and we'll have match case I don't think that's going
to change anything but that just means an exact

06:40:39
match uh and we're going to do m equals and we're going to replace it with married
and we'll replace all awesome and then we do s is single this one is super easy
we're going to do the exact same thing right here so column C to hit contrl H we'll
do still has by column so we'll do m is male we'll replace all of those and F is
female and replace all those that's great uh you know the next column right here is
income and in a SE in a previous video I talked about how I don't

06:41:20
typically like it in this format and that's true um if you're doing calcul ations
on it or or any other thing it can mess it up sometimes having the dollar sign or
it being a currency we're not really going to mess with it too much right now um
what we can do is just kind of make sure all of it's currency um we'll just go like
that to make it a little simpler but we're not going to change it to like a numeric
um we will use this in the visualization we'll see how it looks and

06:41:49
if we need to we'll come back and change it if not we'll keep it how it is um so so
that's all we're going to do to that one uh the children those look good we have
education partial College partial High School this looks fine to me um if there's
any spelling errors or anything like that of course we need to clean that up it
doesn't look like there is occupation skilled manual manual okay those should be
separate are they a homeowner should just be yes or no all right we have Cars 1 2 3
4 good night

06:42:24
who owns four cars um and then we have the commute distance uh and you know there's
nothing terrible about this it's giving you ranges um which can be a good thing I
say let's keep it for now but I have a feeling when we get further and we start
using in the visualization we may want to change this so let's just hold off for
now um but if needed we will come back to this and we'll change this um and then we
have our region and that looks totally fine and we have our age now when you're
using ages typically

06:42:56
you have some type of like age bracket or or age range and you do that because
there are so many ages in here right it's 25 all the way down to 89 and if you're
using that in some type of visualization it could just get really messy and so
you'll create kind of you know just brackets around these so that you can kind of
condense it and make it a little bit easier to understand so let's do that and just
create a new column and then then we can use that for our dashboard so let's go
right up here

06:43:27
we're just going to create a new column uh we'll call this age brackets and what we
can do is we can use an if statement to kind of say if it's older than or less than
and and and kind of give them these ranges um that's one way to do it and that's
the way we're going to do it right now so let's go up here and what we want to do
is we want to say is going to we're going to say equals and we're going to do if
and we're going to close that parenthesis now what we're going to say is if

06:44:01
this we'll go right back up here if this is less than so we're going do this 31 and
we're going to say comma so if they are less than 31 what do we want to call them
what do we want their their you know name to be we'll call them adolescent oops
that's not how you spell adolescent adolescent um and then if they're not what
we're going to do is we're going to say it's invalid okay and let's just see if
this one works first all right it's not working at all

06:44:39
um okay so basically what we did was um incorrect we did it backward uh we want to
do I said uh L2 is greater than 31 no we want to do like this so let's do that now
all right and it should pull up where if they're under the age of 31 so if they're
30 or below is basically what it's saying so if they're 31 they'll be invalid but
if they're 30 or below it's adolescent so it is working properly um and let's see
what it see what it says perfect so this one is working and and
06:45:13
now what we want to do is we actually want to build on this and make it uh kind of
like a nested if statement if you've ever heard of that or done that before so this
is our first first if statement and this is going to be this is invalid this is our
value if false statement this whole statement is going to become our value if false
for a different if statement um so let let me write it out and hopefully that'll
make sense but we're going to say if do open parentheses and we're going to do it

06:45:44
like this and let's just get rid of this for a second all right uh what did I do
and let me do oops give me a second okay we have our if let me just write that out
again we have our if there we go so now what we're going to do is we're going to
write basically the next part of it so we're going to say if that L2 is and we're
going to do this time we're going to do greater than or equal to 31 so now it's
going to include that 31 so right here we did anything less than 31 so it's 30 and
below this

06:46:23
one is going to be 31 and above so we're going to say these people are middle Ag
and if not then it's going to go to this if statement and then we need to close it
I believe so now let's try this all right fantastic now if um everybody should be
in one of these areas right everyone should either be an adolescent or middle age
because basically all we're saying is is if they're older than 31 or 30 or below
that's all these two statements do so we have um you know our next group now we can
add and go even

06:47:00
further into this and now we can use this entire thing as the um what was it called
the value if false section so that's what we're going to do we're going to do one
more so we're have three different categories so we're going to say if and do uh an
open parenthesis and we're going to say if oh actually Let's Do It um let's not do
it to this one let's do to this top one just easier uh so we're going to say if
open parenthesis we're going to say L2 and

06:47:33
this time we're going to say anybody over the age of 50 uh or we can do 55 let's do
55 so we'll do 55 and we're going to call them old and we'll do a comma and this is
the value if false statement and we need to close our parenthesis so let's try this
anybody over the age of 55 should have old um you know maybe we'll do 54 so anybody
who is 55 is considered old I think that's fair I think that's fair guys oops I
should have done I should have done that to this one

06:48:08
let me get out of this and we'll do 54 my dad is 55 that's why I'm doing it like
this this is fre dead CU he should be in this old category to be fair so now we
have adolescent adolescent middle-age and old these are three categories so we can
now have these buckets these different groups of Ages and it's much more usable
than these individual ages um and so we will be using this in our in our dashboard
for sure now our next one is the purchased bike uh and we're not going to do
anything with that so you
06:48:43
know that is that is that one and you know there wasn't a ton to clean up here we
removed some duplicates um I don't know why it says that what did I do married
married what does this mean even mean I did I write that did I mess this up guys oh
when I did the m and the S uh replacement in there it replaced it with married and
single it's supposed to say marital status oops thanks for catching that guys
thanks for catching that I hope that's how you spell marital uh we'll see so

06:49:24
uh we are going to keep it just like this now what we are going to now now what we
are going to do is build pivot tables with this data so we had our raw data we have
our working sheet and now we want to create pivot tables and pivot tables is how
you actually help build your dashboards or help build your visualizations so we're
going to go right here we're going to hit whoops get rid of that we're going to go
right here we're going to insert and we're going to say pivot table and it's going
to ask us

06:49:56
what range so we're going to go back to the working sheet and we'll just click here
and hit control a this is going to select all of our data for us so it's really
easy and we're going to hit okay and so now we have all of our pivot I don't need I
don't need to pull it out that far that was way too far and now we have all of our
pivot table information over here and so that should make it really easy to you
know actually build out so what we're going to do is start selecting what columns

06:50:27
and what data we actually want to work with so the first one that we're going to
build out is a dashboard that is basically looking at the average income of
somebody who either bought or did not buy a bike so we need in this one we're going
to need their income that's definitely going to be a value right here um but we
want to break it out by male and female so let's look at their gender we going to
pull that down into the rows so um this is basically a sum and no let's look

06:50:57
at let's make this an average so I just went to the um I clicked right here I went
to the value field settings and we're just going to do an average all right and
then we are going to make these um and as you can see there's four decimal points
um we'll keep it as is right now but we may need to go back and change something
then we're going to look at if they purchased a bik or not and we're going to put
that right here so so we can see that uh right here for the people who did not

06:51:27
buy a bike the females their their average salary was 53,000 the average salary for
the average salary for males was 56,000 for yes the ones who did buy a bike the
average salary was 55 for female and 60 for male so the people who had a little bit
more money are buying bikes and you can also see that uh the men are making more
money in this data set just overall in general um so let's make the visualization
really quick but you know I don't know I'm not a huge fan of these decimal points
and maybe we can

06:51:59
just change that in the visualization we'll see um oops that's not what I meant to
do um let's do that so what we are going to do is we're going to click into here
we're going to click insert and we're going to go to these recommended charts and
it's going to bring up basically every single type that we would want um and we can
just click in here and see which one looks good uh oh yeah I love those 3D ones
those are my favorite you guys know that uh let's let's use this

06:52:29
one right here pretty simple um whoops let's pull this right over here and as is it
looks pretty good um you know it shows male female we have the average or the
incomes right here whether they did or did not purchase it um and so at a glance
it's pretty easy to see let's see if there's anything um you know if you want to
change up style-wise go for it I'm just going to keep it as is um but let's see if
there's anything we need to add right do we want to add these access

06:53:02
titles uh for the most part I I tend to do that um it makes it pretty easy to see
so we can go in here and we can just click it like this and we'll say income and
we'll say oops and we'll do gender so that's what that is and and let's go back in
here do we want to add a chart title we definitely want to add a chart title uh for
most of these we'll add a chart title for sure so we'll say average income per
purchase um I don't know if that's 100% right but we'll we'll we'll use it uh if

06:53:39
we need to change it to be you know by gender or something we can but um for now
let's see do we want to add data labels uh definitely not uh a data table um we can
do this it may make it a little easier to read I will say that again these numbers
are just these decimal points are really throwing me off let's go see if um we can
change it in here let's go to see if we can just make these numbers okay and um we
can keep it like that or we can even do something like this add commas yeah I'm
going to keep it just

06:54:15
like this I I think this just looks the best um again I'm I'm getting adding commas
here I'm changing the um decimal place right here it just makes it look a little
nicer a little cleaner um so let's keep this exactly how it is um we can always
change things if we want to uh if we want to come back to it so we created our
pivot table and then we created our visualization basically exactly what we're
going to do for all of these because again all of these need um you know all of
these need pivot

06:54:47
tables in order to create the visualization so let's um get out of here we're going
to scroll down and we're going to create our next pivot table and once we get done
with all of the pivot tables that we need all the visualizations that we need then
we will um we will start so we're going to do control a we're going do okay and
basically do the exact same thing that we did um this time we're going to look at
the distance so for this one I wanted to see you know I try to you know I

06:55:15
created this already I've already done this entire project through but I haven't
really talked about why or what we're going to look at for this one you know know
we're looking at is their income does it change whether they bought or didn't buy
one um so if they said yes you know is there a reason are they making more money is
you know are price points are the customers do they make more money so you we cater
to them or not uh that's a good question uh another thing is you know we're we sell

06:55:43
bikes or this person sells bikes so commuting distance definitely makes a
difference you know does the person who is buying a bike live one mile away from
where they work or 20 miles away uh this will help us determine this next
visualization will help us determine you know who who is doing that or who's buying
it so what we are going to do is we are going to look at the um that one that we
were looking at earlier the commute distance so we're going to bring that right
over here so we have these

06:56:14
you know one mile 10 Mile 1.2 Etc now we are going to uh again we're going to look
at if they purchased a bike that's really important and let's make that the column
as well so now what we have is a count of these Nos and yeses whether they did or
did not buy a bike um one of the issues I already see and we'll I'm going to
visualize it and then I'll show you that this 10 miles you know it's right next to
the 0.1 so it's not an order um and that could be that could be an issue um so we
may have to

06:56:47
revise that somehow to put it at the very bottom because we can either do ascending
or descending uh either one I don't think is going to work so we may have to work
through that in just a second um I don't know if I did that my I plan for that um
yeah so it has this big dip um yeah so let's let's create it um that's okay we're
going to figure this one out together because I honestly um I didn't plan for this
one so okay we have 0.1 miles that's exactly where it needs

06:57:19
to be the one the two the five that's exactly where it needs to be this 10 miles is
not and let's see if I change that 10 10 plus miles to 10 miles plus let's see if
that'll put it down here because I I don't know if it's looking at I don't know if
it's reading it weird um but let's go into this working sheet and let's go right
here and we're going to do controll H and we'll do oops not this one um 10 miles
plus let's get that in there and we're going to do

06:57:55
10 uh miles plus I I don't know if that's actually going to work um we will see so
let's go back to the pivot table let's re go to the data let's refresh uh no it
didn't it didn't change it um okay so let's think about this maybe if we change it
to like a letter it might change down here so start it with uh miles that could
work um let's try it it okay it's already selected let's do the 10 plus miles okay
so let's do um M uh more than 10 miles and we'll replace all let's get

06:58:43
rid of this let's go to the pivot and refresh all right okay so it's not perfect
but it works um and for what we're doing I think we'll keep it how it is so we have
our second one uh and you know there are different ways you can kind of change this
one um you know on the last one we did a ton of different stuff we can do just do
commute distance and we can say what do we want to say on this one what is this oh
this is the count um do we have to do we have to keep this one um no there we go
I'm just going to
06:59:30
do um just one and say commute distance and let's add a title chart title we can
make this one um let's say distance per customer uh that's not 100% true because
it's no or yes um that's that's the important part of this it's distance um average
distance uh let's see we'll just say customer commute all right and we'll keep it
just like that all right perfect I don't think um let me see I don't think there's
anything else we need to add on that one all right now let's go right

07:00:20
down here we're going to create our very last one uh we only had three so you know
sometimes you'll have a ton sometimes you'll have like one on each sheet and you'll
create multiple sheets but um do contr a um now we have our thing now this one
we're going to be looking at these age brackets that we were looking at that we
created um something that I do honestly a lot is is kind of bracket things in into
groups like this and you know for this I'm just kind of made them up but you know
it's

07:00:53
good to know how to do this because I I promise you this one happens a lot or I use
this one a ton and then we just want to look at who purchased a bike uh so the same
thing as we did before so like purchase a bike count of the purchase um you know
pretty easy so we just have to count of either no or yes for these age ranges um
and let's go to the insert we'll go to recommendation um I personally like a good
line for this one um so let's this is already interesting we could do something
like

07:01:29
this that's nice see this one versus this it just adds a dot it looks nice we'll
keep that one um so just really quick at a glance really interesting people under
the age of 30 are not buying that many bikes um age 30 to 54 uh 31 to 54 buying a
ton of bikes uh they buy more bikes or look at bikes more than anybody really
interesting um but yeah we'll make the dashboard in a little bit um let's make
these chart titles we'll do vert oops the horizontal we just call this age bracket
um and then we'll add a chart

07:02:14
title um again you can add some extra stuff if you want to um but you don't need to
uh none of this other stuff we really need I'm just kind of looking at the stuff we
do need or do want uh so what do we want to call this one let's call it customer
age brackets um and it's not perfect but we'll keep it as is for comparison um let
me see if I can copy um or or use this um real quick instead of the age brackets
I'm going to get rid of this and use the age and then let's

07:02:55
use um let's insert recommendation we use a line and we'll use this so This
compared to this just think of it like if a customer or consumer or or not a
customer if somebody you're working with is trying to use this dashboard to
understand this dashboard this is going to be just it's going to I don't know it
might melt their brain just makes no sense it makes sense it's just all over the
place it's really hard to make sense of this it really is I mean you can kind of
see a pattern going
07:03:29
up around like the mid-30s and then it Trends downward but it's hard to see um it
really is so doing these um these brackets really helps and you can even add you
know adolescent um you know 0o to 30 underneath it and in fact we may want to do
that um why not why not let's do that oh whoops um so why don't why don't we do
that why don't we go back I'm just going to I'm doing this on the Fly why don't we
go back uh what am I doing whoops and this is all calculated but

07:04:04
let's do adolescent 0 to 30 let's do middleaged 31 through 54 and then old 55 plus
let's see if this breaks anything I hope it doesn't um and we'll go back to our
pivot table let's refresh the data uh okay it did mess with stuff okay never mind
guys that was a terrible idea don't do that um perfect uh let's get rid of that
that was a terrible idea don't do that I'm glad we tested it out though I like I
like to see if it was going to work no it messed with the um the Order of Things um
I I

07:04:53
intentionally named them adolescent middle- Ag and old because it's it it makes
sense for the visualization um but you know if if I change something and it messes
with it I'm not going to mess with it it was just an idea on the Fly guys come on
all right so let's start building out our dashboard now um when we're building our
dashboard what I personally like to do is to have this pivot table sheet and then I
will copy them over and later we'll hide these other sheets beats um and I'll
explain

07:05:24
that a little bit but I like to have this this one for us so we're going to copy
this so I just click on it hit controlc we're going to paste it right over here uh
let's just make them small for now that's oh gosh no let's not do that oh these
look terrible okay anyways um let's copy this one over oops okay what did I just do
oh I didn't copy this one whoops it's not copying okay we're going to go copy hit
paste fantastic oops guys look away this is this is tough to watch this is tough
for

07:06:09
me to watch I'm the one doing it it is tough for me to watch all right let's go to
this last one I'm I'm gonna try it again all right it worked this time so now we
have um our our three visualizations this is perfect but now we actually want to
create a dashboard now how do you do that how do you make it look nice U and then
we're going to add some you know filters and stuff like that how do we make it look
nice um what happened here what changed what did we do oh my goodness gracious all
right

07:06:40
let's copy this let's paste this let's get rid of this I don't even know how that
happened I've never seen that before that was wild uh Excel is trying to destroy my
whole video I mean I'm doing this for you Excel good night okay no problem at all
what we're going to do and how you make this at least look nice um first off we can
get rid of these grid lines pretty easily and I recommend when you do that when you
make a dashboard just makes it look cleaner makes it look like

07:07:10
an actual dashboard um let's go to view and grid lines so we can get rid of these
grid lines it just makes it look nicer um we're going to make you know we can
choose any color here here I'm just going to get choose a color I like this and
let's we're we're basically creating like a header right if you're using like
Tableau or something um we're going to merge and center so it takes every single
cell that we have highlighted creates it into one let's call this um bike sales uh
I

07:07:41
have I think I called it bike sales dashboard let's just call it that um you know
see what happens let's get that let's make it white and and make it much larger
than it is okay okay um sure let's do that doesn't look bad um what is it doing
there we go uh let's bre that Center perfect um it's not perfect but we're going to
use it all right so now we kind of want to organize these and you know everybody
has their different way of doing it uh I'm just going to start building it out
myself

07:08:22
self and just see how it looks uh and then we'll go from there I like this one
there um we can put this one I I this one's a kind of a longer one so I'll probably
put it at the bottom let's see how it looks um but we'll put this one right here
try to line it up geez let's let's zoom in a little bit let's try to line this up
see what it looks like let's extend it to the end that doesn't look too bad uh
needs to move up just a hair and I'll show you how to kind of align these in a
second

07:09:00
but um that looks not bad and we'll kind of try to align these as well let me zoom
out and extend this the length of this just to make it look nice um you know now
what you can do and you know this is something that's pretty simple is you can get
both of these and we're going to go to shape format and we can just align these
it's really nice to align especially if like the top and maybe like the left to
right but like we're going to align these to the top and they just kind of align
themselves

07:09:33
on the very top now these look much better this one is a larger dashboard or a
larger visualization so I'm going to keep it how it is um and I'm going to keep
this one how it is so it is going to be a little bit smaller as you can tell and
then we'll have this one um and I'm going to do that um I this is going to bother
me if I don't align these so let me do this I'm shape format align to the right and
it's not exactly what I wanted to happen because oh jeez what am I doing that's

07:10:12
not exactly what I wanted to happen I actually wanted this one to align uh this one
to align with this one it did the opposite um so let me just scoot this back all
right visually looks fine but that's how you do it if you want to do it um I I I if
you have multiple of them like this it you can make it look bad so we have our
dashboards this is already looking really good I I like how this looks colors are
coordinated it we have a kind of a theme throughout um and it looks nice I actually
I actually kind

07:10:40
of want to change this one um to um let's see maybe if I did like that it look
nicer than all of them yeah this does look nicer um it doesn't change much either
guys I'm should I do it all right we're going for it we're changing the design on
the Fly should I do it for all of them let's see it doesn't fit doesn't fit um all
right guys just ignore what I'm doing uh don't do any of this I'm just messing
around at this point so this is really great to have it really is and what we

07:11:21
want to do is there are other elements there are other things that people would
like to feel a to filter by and be able to look at but it's not in this
visualization um to be more specific one field that's could be really interesting
is married versus single are single people buying more or um married people buying
more you know it it'd be nice to filter on it so we're going to click on uh any of
these actually and we're going to go up to Pivot chart analyze and we'll click
insert slicer now we can

07:11:50
choose which ones we want to be able to filter on all at the same time or one at a
time I'm just going to do the first one by itself and then I'll show you how to do
other ones um but this one is the marital status so this is the married single the
one we were just looking at and we can drag this right over here bring it in a
little bit all right and we don't need all that space so we're going to boop boop
boop boop all the way up now while we're doing this um it only because we selected
this uh this

07:12:22
visualization it only is working on that one right now we of course wanted to apply
to all of them is not hard to do all we're going to do is we're going to click on
we're going to make sure we're clicking on this we're going to go up to slicer
we're going to hit report connections um and if you remember we have this um this
pivot table that we're working with um and this is where all of our pivots are
coming from so we're going to actually apply it to all of them this is our sheet U
and this is the

07:12:50
name of the pivot table now again we created that fourth one we're not using it but
we're going to apply it to all of them so now when we click on it it's going to
apply to all of them so at a quick glance let's see what single people are doing um
interesting interesting um you know when I'm looking at the just these numbers
right here married people these individuals are making a lot more like eight um
sometimes eight to like 10,000 more on average than their single counterpart um you
know again that's a

07:13:25
rough estimate but it's it's interesting so now what we can do is we're going to
create more of these so we're going to go to uh pivot chart analyze we're going to
go to slicer now we already did marital status but what if we want to look at
things like uh region and maybe something like their education so let's bring up
both of those and look now two of them come up so let's add the region right here
we'll bring that in just a little bit see if we can match it nailed it all

07:13:57
right now we're going to put that up we'll bring this one down just like this bring
it over see if I can match it again come on N almost nailed it I don't know if I
nailed it but it's close all right kind of bring this up a little bit bring this up
and we have to do the exact same thing that we did with this one because right now
again it only applies to that one um chart so what we want to do is we want to go
to slicer report connections add it to all of them okay do the same thing with
education or connections bada

07:14:34
bing bada boom We are looking good and now uh let's get rid of all of them it's
just going to be everybody so now we can kind of slice and dice and choose what we
want we want to look at people who have a bachelor's degree who live in Europe and
are single and this is the information that we have on those people so now we can
narrow it down by certain demographics even further and look at this key
information so we may not you know look at counts and averages of these things but
we're

07:15:04
able to filter on them uh and that's really great to know so bachelor's degrees on
average are making 60s 70,000 um let's look at um let's look at graduate degrees
okay a little more um but you know again I'm just looking at random stuff um but
you can mess around with this take a look at some stuff um this to me I want to
make this color darker I feel like it look nicer darker there we go oh yeah that's
way better this to me is it's a good dashboard right you have key information

07:15:42
that you're looking at nice visualizations it's color coordinated you have these
slicers on the side um to me this is a fantas fantastic just simple dashboard and
there are so many other things that you can do with this data and you can make it
unique and you can add your own spin on it and I highly recommend that you do that
push yourself go past what we just did today and add your own stuff and and use
this and then you can add this to your portfolio website and show this off and show

07:16:10
people that you know how to use Excel which is a fantastic thing to know how to use
and show off so with that being said I hope that this project was helpful I hope
that you learned something along the way I know I did um I was learning things as
we were going and I hope that you didn't mind that I took some detours along the
way um for your amusement as well as my learning uh so with that being said thank
you so much for joining me I really appreciate it I hope you have a good day and
[Music]

07:16:49
goodbye what's going on everybody welcome back to another video today we are
starting our Tableau tutorial [Music] series now this series is for absolute
beginners so if you have never used TBL blow before you are in the perfect place
I'm going to take you all the way from the very beginning of installing it and just
understanding what Tableau is and how you can use it all the way to creating
dashboards and sharing it now personally I hate those videos that are like 3 hours
long and they just expect

07:17:18
you to go through it uh i' like to break my videos up in chunk so if you have ever
done my sequel tutorials you'll know that I like to break things up so it gives you
time to try them out and do them yourself and then you can move on to the next
video so I'm going to be breaking this up into five separate videos but in this
video I'm going to show you how to install Tableau for free I'm going to show you
the user interface we're going to download a data set that you can find on kagle
and then we will

07:17:42
build our first visualization together with that being said let's jump over my
screen and we'll get started all right so the very first thing that we need to do
is you need to actually download Tableau so we're not going to be using Tableau
we're going to be using a free version called Tableau public it has a lot of the
same features except of course it's not uh every single feature that regular
Tableau has but it is absolutely perfect for learning it and for using it and and
you can even build

07:18:07
um you know dashboards and share those for your portfolio um I'm going to put this
link in the description so you can just go and click on that and and all you have
to do is input your email right here we're going click download the app um and then
it should start to download and then you can save that and then you're going to
open this up now I'm going to open it up I don't know what it's going to do I
already have it downloaded um but it should open up and look hopefully

07:18:33
like what you're seeing on my screen in just a second let see what it does um I
hope you can see this but it says Tableau public um it says I already have it set
up but you're going to click install and go through all that um all that setup
stuff uh so I'm going to exit out of here but I'm going to go over here and type in
table of public uh and it's 20 21.3 that's the current version that they have out
if you're doing this in the future they may have you know different versions um so
you should be

07:19:04
able to pull this up right here now um I'm going to go and get our data set that
we're going to be using and I'm going to show you how to get that as well and then
we will actually jump into Tableau and start uh using it so let's go over here I'm
going to get a data set from kagle I wanted something pretty generic uh to show you
in future videos I'm going to show you some special or not special but just
different visualizations that you might use um and we'll get different data sets
for those

07:19:32
because of course not one data set covers all these other types of visualizations
so um we're starting off pretty simple right here we're going to be getting one
called video game sales um and we can take a really quick look at it um here are
some of the fields that you're going to be having uh like rank name platform the
year genre and then some sales data and this is what it actually looks like it's
called VG sales so video game sales it's then a CSV and um you know here are the
fields

07:20:00
and we have our data and all we are going to do is we're going to download that and
I will save it now when you download it it's going to be saved into a zip file so
we need to go to our downloads uh let's refresh this here's our archive we need to
go in here you can just copy it and paste paste it right back into here um and just
so you know that is a uh a CSV so be aware of that so what we want to do is we want
to come in here now since it is a CSV this is not we're not going to be using

07:20:33
Microsoft Excel we're going to be using the text file so we'll come in here we'll
take VG sales now uh one thing I want to do before I do that is I'm going to rename
mine uh VGC sales1 um I've already prepared for this and so I already have that in
there um but so I want to make a distinct one for myself you do not have to do that
so we'll come back here um and then we're going to do text file and VG sales we're
going to open that up and when it pulls up right here um you

07:21:09
can bring in other tables and then you can start to join them together and create
those relationships we are not going to be doing that in this video we'll do that
in a separate one um as for you know just getting started you know we're not going
to be using that but you can see some of these things or some of these fields and
if you notice they they um they're either ABC or they're a number so it starts to
categorize what this field type is so is it a string is it numeric it starts to

07:21:43
automatically do that and that's all done within Tableau and so it just kind of
reads it and that's what it does um what we going to do is I'm going to click right
down here it's called go to worksheet um the worksheets are where you're going to
actually start being able to build your visualizations your charts your graphs all
these things um and so you know we have this in here now and so we're just going to
click right here on go to worksheet as you can see here is VG sales1 you will not
have the underscore

07:22:12
one if you did not add that like I did uh but right down here you can see all the
fields that we just imported from that data set and they even created one right
here for us uh they just generated that field u based on the file so it's a count
of all the rows really so what I'm going to do is I'm just going to walk you
through uh basically what we're looking at some of the things that we're going to
be using today there will be things that I don't talk about but I'm going to
highlight those in in in future

07:22:41
videos when we start using those or going over them um and so let's just start with
the most obvious one it's way over here I'm sure you saw it when we uh this first
came up on the screen because it has all these different charts and visualizations
and graphs and uh these will become available as you start dragging and dropping
our data into this sheet and so if I go right here it says for Scatter Plots try
zero or more Dimensions two to four measures so what our dimensions are are right
here what

07:23:13
our measures are are right down here and so typically uh things like like you say
genre or names or or strings like that are going to be these uh dimensions and then
a lot of lot of times the numerical is going to be our going to be measures next
what I want to show you is right here so you can take something like Global sales
and you can drag it right here into your rows and then it takes your rows and so it
automatically created a sum of global sales now if we take that away and let's say
we drag it

07:23:48
right here it's going to give us a column now you can also do it right up here you
don't have to um drag it on screen you can also just add it to the column or the
row that's typically what I do I it's just more intuitive to me um or you can drop
it in this section right here and it does its best to assign it some type of um
some type of visualization and so that's what it always is trying to do it is
trying to say okay this is what you're trying to do let me try to to get

07:24:21
the best visualization for the data that you're giving me now while we are here um
it went down here into marks and marks is a very important area it's where you can
add color size text detail and Tool tip and I'm not going to go into what all those
are cuz I'm just going to show you so let's start pulling some fields in here and
creating a visualization and then I'm going to show you how all of that works
including filters as well so the first thing that we are going to look at is global
save

07:24:51
and let's put that in the rows and then I'm going to take year and I'm going to
make that the column and this is basically exactly what uh I wanted to do now as of
right now it has only the year and it's looking at Global sales for everything but
we want to break that out a little bit better I Want to Break It Out by let's do
genre so different genre of games now if I add that right here to this column s it
is going to break it up by year and genre if I add it right here is going to break
it out by the year of

07:25:30
course but then in each individual row has the different genre that's not what we
want we want to keep this type of line graph uh and what we're going to do is we're
going to add it to Marks and you can't really see it based off of these colors but
they're all different so we have action J genre we have the sports genre racing uh
role playing all these different genres within it now we can get rid of that cuz we
don't need it anymore uh and this is where these U these marks really come in handy
because

07:26:04
you can start basically doing what you want with them so for the genre I want to be
able to see all these different genres with different colors to me that just makes
the most sense so I'm going to put color right here and automatically it assigns
every single genre its own own color and gives us this Legend right over here and
so it's really easy to see well when you have smaller numbers is much easier but I
know that red is sports and I can go right here and find red and that is sports so
it makes it a lot easier than

07:26:36
when it is all the same color blue so what you can do after that is you can also
add things like uh a label to it so if we take label and we or we take genre put
label you can click right here and you can get rid of the labels that you have and
you can see them right down here or you can also change uh the font so if you want
to make it orange or or whatever color you can do all those same things and you can
also do things like changing where you see these things so for Action you're going
to see it a ton

07:27:10
because for each year action is is at the is on the higher end and so you're seeing
those in those mins and Maxes you can also do it for a selected area so if I come
in here and I select it it's then going to show me what those are so label is
really really uh useful really helpful let me get rid of that really quick uh you
can also do it where the lines end so line ends is at the beginning and the end and
you can also take that away or put that back on so labels are really important
labels

07:27:40
aren't very helpful when you're doing at least I don't find that it's super helpful
when you're doing things like genre so when you're doing your Dimensions so I'm
going to get rid of that and I'm actually going to bring our Global sales over here
and let's label that and right now I think it's labeling the uh line ends we want
to do the Min and Max now if we do Min and Max on the table it's just going to give
us the Max and the men which is zero and then

07:28:09
139.0 it's a little bit more useful if we do it for each line uh this at least
gives us some context I probably wouldn't do this in an actual visual visualization
but to give you some um understanding just how it works so now I know that um right
over here the men and the max or the men sorry the max for these for action and for
sports is right around 138 139 so it's pretty easy to see um and you can again go
in here and you can remove the max or remove the mins whichever one you feel is
best uh

07:28:44
you'll probably keep the maximums in there for each category and so this is a
really quickly becoming uh a pretty usable visualization and that's not the only
label that you can add we still are using year over here so we can always drop year
in there as well we'll create a label and so now we have let's see for this one is
a puzzle genre so we also have the year that it had the maximum uh sales and so you
know just some things that you can do you don't have to add that now let's go up
here and we're

07:29:18
going to take a look at filters because filters are really important you know if
you are making this for a client or you making this for somebody you want them to
be able to filter down uh to very specific information that they want to see so
let's take uh the platform lots of different platforms um as you can see you know
PS4 Xbox um if you're familiar with these we'll click all of these um and we'll
click okay so now this is an option as a filter and all we're going to do is

07:29:50
we're going to click on this Arrow right here and we're going to say show filter
now right now all of them are selected so every single one is being taken into
account for this visualization but let's say we come down here and we say okay I
don't want to see sales for any of these PS the original PlayStation 2 three or
four so I'm going to get rid of this one this one this one and this one and you
could immediately see the the changes that were happening so now none of the
numbers none of those

07:30:21
sales are being accounted for and and being added to the sum of global sales right
here at all so that is just how a filter uh can work and you can also do that and
you can get rid of all of them and you can go in and actually just pick very
specific sales so if you only want to see the PlayStation sales you can go in there
and do that as well so really really handy filter are things that you at least want
to have as an option for most of your your visualizations at least that's what I
found especially

07:30:57
when you're doing client facing work they like to uh get in there and mess around
and look at different look at it in different ways and so that's one that I I think
is is really useful to to have the very last thing that we want to do is we want to
actually add this to a dashboard now let's say we add come right down down here and
we add a new worksheet and actually we might change one more thing on that last one
but we'll just make a really simple one um we'll just give it genre and we'll give

07:31:29
it Global sales as the rows um and this Nifty button right up here which is a
sorting button so I'm going to sort like that I'm going to add the genre in just as
we did I'll give it different colors perfect now we have two really quick different
visualizations right what I want to do is just show you how to combine those
because what you are going to do is you're going to actually come in here and
you're going to do new dashboard that's what this button is right here now when we
come in

07:32:01
here the size is extremely small it's very easy to fix that all we're going to do
is Click right here we're going to go to this range or this dropdown and we're
going to click automatic so now it is a much larger size for us to actually drop
our visualizations into uh and let's put sheet sheet one and we'll put uh let's put
it up top so now it looks a little bit like this uh not perfect but again if I
wanted to make this look a lot better I definitely would and then you can go over
here and

07:32:33
you can rename these things you can also do that back when we were in our actual
worksheets but you can also do it here as well and then start um you know
customizing it and building it out that's not what this video is for that is the
last video we're going to build an entire dashboard it'll be kind of like a small
project you put that in your portfolio um if you have gotten this far and you want
to jump straight into it and you don't want to wait for these other videos to come
out or you

07:32:59
don't you just want to jump straight into creating an entire portfolio project I
have an entire portfolio project series that covers SQL Python and Tableau and so
go check out that series I have one video dedicated to Tableau it's like 45 minutes
or an hour long and it covers a lot of the things that we're going to hear in here
as well as a few other things but I appreciate you checking out this video in
future videos we're going be going over things like creating bins calculated Fields

07:33:29
doing joins and then creating a final project and putting it all together so thank
you so much for joining me I really appreciate it if you like this video be sure to
like And subscribe below and I will see you in the next [Music] video [Music]
what's going on everybody welcome back to the Tableau tutorial Series in this video
we're going to be going over bins and calculated [Music] Fields all right so let's
jump right into it the first thing that we're going to look at are bins and bins
are

07:34:11
basically just groupings or ranges of numerical values so we cannot create bins uh
for genre name platform or anything like that we have to do something with this
sign right here which means that it is a numeric so year or all this sales data or
this ranking data and we're going to use what we worked on in our very first
tutorial and so what we're going to be using to kind of demonstrate how bins work
is this year right down here so right now we have a range of 1993 all the way up to
2018 and we're going to create some bins

07:34:42
to group and create ranges for these years and it's pretty simple all we're going
to do is I'm going to come right over here to year and this little drop down on the
side and we're going to go down to create and go down to bins now it's going to say
the size of Bin and it's going to give you a recommendation based off of the
information that is already provided the Min and the max the ranges of these values
you know you don't have to do this but usually um it it does give some

07:35:12
good estimation on what you might be considering if you were thinking hey maybe do
a bit of like 20 and they're recommending two think about why they might be doing
that we're going to change ours to five and you can always change what this field
is going to be I'm just going to give it an old exclamation point just to um really
spice things up here so we're going to click okay and as you can see it adds it
right up here is no longer um it is no longer a numeric now it is a categorical

07:35:42
so it now it's this is no longer just uh 1 2 3 4 five its ranges its groups and
we're going to get rid of this year really quick actually let's keep it up there
for a second uh see what happens but we're going to bring this up and we'll get rid
of this year and this is is what kind of it spits out for us now I did look at the
data um when I was prepping for this there are some nulls in the Years um and so
all we're going to do for this is we're just going to go like this and we're going
to exclude the

07:36:12
nulls uh probably not something you should be doing uh if you're doing this for
work but this is for demonstration purposes so we can do it ever we want but as you
can see we now have these ranges so this range starts at 1990 and it includes 1990
all the way up to 1994 and then it's 1995 to 1999 and so just really quickly we can
tell that the years 2000 to 2004 were a huge huge huge uh season or group of of
years for game sales so these are the global sales for for these video games and so
it is really helpful it's very
07:36:53
useful um you can do this on a lot of different information we could do this on the
sales data you can do this on age you can do it on years like we did and it can be
very very useful and so uh really quickly that is how bins work I would say it's
pretty straightforward now this is a perfect time to segue into the next part of
the video which is calculated Fields uh right over here on this left hand side we
see that the global sales which are in millions goes all the way up to 900 million
and

07:37:22
created these beautiful bins right down here but let's look at Within These from
1999 to 2015 let's see which of these has the highest percentage of course it's
going to be this one but we can do something called a quick table calculation uh
we'll create a our own calculation later I'll show you how to do that but we're
going to do a quick table calculation and we're going to do the percent of total
and so now we have these bins and instead of just seeing the total amount of sales
that they had

07:37:52
we see the actual percentages based off these year ranges which is really useful
something that you could absolutely put uh in some real work that you do for a
client now really quick just to show you something that you can do if you click
control and you drag this over here you can actually save that calculation so we
can say percentage of global sales and that actually saves it as uh you know a
measure for us so that was a quick calculation but let's look how to actually
create a calculated field so if

07:38:25
we do this right here what is going to come up is just the global sales and you can
do a lot of what you would basically do in Excel multiplication division
subtraction a few other things but we're going to keep it super super simple today
all I'm going to do is I'm going to take Global sales and I'm going to subtract I'm
going to do an open bracket and I'm going to say EU sales and it auto completes for
me I'm going to click okay and created calculation 2 I'm going

07:38:51
to come in here and I'm just going to say Global sales minus EU sales and let's
drag this over these are different um one's percentage one is in terms of sum and
so I'm just going to bring this in right here and so now we are comparing against
the same thing and if we look at the global sales we have probably right around 9
50 million-ish in this 2000 to 2004 bin and for Global sales minus the EU sales
we're looking at you know 650 million so there is a noticeable difference and this
is just

07:39:32
one of the ways that you can use calculated fields to actually just show the
difference between two numbers or you can do more advanced calculations depending
on the data that you actually have so that's it for this video I hope you learned a
little bit more about bins and calculated fields in the next video we're going to
looking at a ton of different visualizations and graphs and charts and just
exploring what options really are out there for visualizing our data thank you guys
so much for joining
07:39:59
me I really appreciate it if you like this video be sure to like And subscribe
below and I will see you in the next [Music] video what's going on everybody
welcome back to the Tableau tutorial Series in this video we're going to be looking
at lots of different visualizations including the scatter plot and density [Music]
Maps now before we jump into the tutorial I have some very exciting news in just
two days on October 7th I going to be partnering with alter X to host a webinar
this webinar is completely for

07:40:42
data analysts who are wanting to change careers to become a data analyst now you
did hear that right I will be the host of the event but but we will be bringing on
guests as well who are industry experts who actually change careers to become data
analyst much like myself they'll be sharing their stories of how they actually
transition careers along with the tools that they found extremely useful and
helpful to make that switch and they'll be giving lots of advice along the way so
if you are somebody who

07:41:06
is wanting to change careers to become a data analyst or just wanting to learn
about data analytics this is an absolute fantastic place to learn a lot more about
that I will leave a link in the description so be sure to go and sign up for that
again I'm going to be there so so it should be really fun without further Ado let's
jump onto my screen and start the tutorial now we are about to look at a ton of
different visualizations uh over here you can see just an array of them but not all
of

07:41:31
them are ones that I actually think are useful or ones that I would actually
recommend using and so I'm going to take you through some of the ones that I
absolutely think are worth learning and using and trying out uh and I'm just going
to kind of just show you how I might use them how they might look how you can
navigate them a little bit now before we do that we do need to go download one data
set it's this Starbucks location worldwide yes we're going to do a little bit of
longitude

07:41:59
latitude here and all we have to do is click this downloads button and it will
download we're going to do that into downloads we'll save that uh yeah I've already
done that but you know I'm doing this with you guys I'm doing it for you so let's
go to our downloads now we have have here we want to come in here we're going to
copy it or um you can cut it and then we're going to paste it here yeah replace it
perfect and now we have it ready to go we'll come in here let's do a new sheet

07:42:35
and I already have it in there but uh I'm just going to show you what I would do do
new data source we'll do text file we'll do directory and we will open it and let's
see what data we have in here before we actually begin uh just super quickly we
have the brand so um whatever company has it and then a bunch of um location
information street address City the state this is all in the United States so
that's basically it and what we are going to do is we're going to go over to this
sheet
07:43:11
three and we have this directory 2 that's the one I just pulled in exact same thing
as directory but so the first VIs visualization that we are going to look at is a
bar and line graph so what we're going to take is the year right here take these
Global sales and these na sales and we're going to be doing this one right here so
this has a combination of two separate uh types of visualizations so sometimes you
just have lines sometimes you just have these uh these bar graphs or the bar charts

07:43:43
and we're combining the two and it's very nice I like how this looks now if you
notice if I put this na sales behind it now it kind of cuts off so now this Global
sales is in front we're going to you know put that back I just wanted to show you
that uh right here there's all some of global sales some of Na sales so if we go
into this all we click this drop down we can change it to a line um we can change
it basically whatever we want I just hit contrl Z to reverse that but what we can
do is we can go in here

07:44:16
and we can change this color and let's see if we can just make it red is that
[Music] possible see what I did I made it orange that works for me um just
something to stick out a little bit more choose whatever color you want and this is
a really nice visualization this is one that I have used in the past we're looking
at Global sales versus the na sales and so it's very easy to see the distinction
between the two and how one was doing a specific year versus how the other one was
doing in that same year so

07:44:47
I really like this if you want to do something uh like keeping it consistent you
can do two bars I don't really like this one as much um and you can again you can
really change it up um there's lots of different ones that you can do again I
prefer the line but you know do whatever you think is best I'm going to change it
back because this is not how I want to keep it but there you go so that is the
first one that we are going to look at let's move on to the second one and we
actually will be using our our

07:45:17
Starbucks data here now when you bring in data that has um any type of map or or um
address or postal code or things like that or or country it's typically going to
create this latitude and longitude it's going to generate that now what we want to
do is bring this longitude right up here and this latitude right there and if you
do the show me right now it's giving us this but what we want to do is add what
we're looking for so what will we actually be trying to search for on this map you
can do

07:45:54
anything from like a postal code um and it will drag us right here let's come over
to this this allows us to kind of scroll around a little bit um we're going to mess
around with this one for just a little bit and me see if I can that's nice that
might be too big let me back up one so at least in the Continental us a little bit
down here this these are the postal codes so right now we're looking at post codes
uh and there are a lot that you can do with this um really color will make almost
no
07:46:31
difference it just becomes this mess so you don't typically want to do something
like that at least not for this let's go to size and if we make it really small you
can kind of see these groupings these pairings um typically of like larger cities
or major major metropolitan areas and so you can do this and it's and it's really
really easy I don't recommend uh labeling this I don't even know if it'll do it um
it would be an absolute mess to try to label all these postcodes well let's bring
this out and

07:47:05
let's bring these State and provinces in now right now we have these little tiny
tiny uh dots on here and I think what we want to do is not increase the size size
but over here we want to actually do this and make it a map so now it's going to
fill in all the states we can you know why not we'll add some color here um but we
can it hasn't numbered I didn't think they were numbered um oh that's interesting I
haven't seen that I didn't look at that before I was just found that interesting
but now we

07:47:42
can see what uh what states Starbucks is in and as you can see they're in all 50
states but it's something interesting to um look at to think about now if we go
right up here we can again choose a different type and we're going to go to the
density now right now it's just doing a density on the uh the state we're going get
rid of that we're going to bring back postal code I'm just switching it up on you a
little bit and you can do it as small or as big as you'd like um you know I like to
do

07:48:12
somewhere in the middle um probably right right about there is fine um I don't
think it's going to make sense to really add any color here again all these poster
codes are different so it's just going to be complete mish mash but this is kind of
how you can use a density map and you can do this with uh countries you can do this
with postal codes you can do this with any type of kind of like address or location
based data so that is how you can use a map again there's lots of different ways to

07:48:42
use a map and so I'm not going to show you every single way but in a really brief
way this is how you can use a map to actually visualize your data that does have
location uh based information in it so let's go over to sheet three uh and this
data that we have over here it just allows for a lot of different types of
visualizations so we're going to use this one um and there are lots of other ones
that you might see out there like this one right here uh we obviously wouldn't be
using this we might do

07:49:11
something like this change the label um and maybe add why have both of these in
here um let's get rid of this oops that's not what I meant let's actually add that
let's do the sum of global sales and we'll just make that into a label as well so
what you can do with these and and how you're able to use them and visualize them
again these are not you'll see these often but these are not often ones that I
would recommend you use that's very similar to these packed bubbles um you can as
these Global sales
07:49:49
in here again add the label it just uh it sometimes is not as straightforward the
information that it's trying to tell you right you kind of have to search for it a
little bit you kind of have to look around um but you can find some good
visualizations in here for very specific types of data and so these are just ones
to consider uh one that you'll see all the time is uh this guy right here and uh
let me see if I can expand this a little bit because this is very small um let's
see we have the I

07:50:28
just want Global sales and let's label that the size I how do I expand this haven't
done this in a while let me just expand this I don't use pie charts what is
happening this is a incredibly large pie chart oh my gosh I am making this um this
is becoming a problem there we go uh and what I actually wanted to do was label the
uh genre as well as I've been doing in all the other ones and we'll label this now
look whether you are a fan of pie charts or not you have to understand that people

07:51:11
use them uh some people just like how they look and for certain data it can do well
for things that have a lot of different um groupings or categories it usually isn't
super great but it does give you some type of order of things give you a quick
glance and people use them right so let's not pretend like it's like the the the
Hideous stepchild all right people use it people have it in their dashboards and
their visualizations all over so it's best to just know what they look like know
how

07:51:45
to do them know um how to use them best again I'm not a super huge huge fan of it
myself I've used it once or twice but one to look out for and again you can come
over to here and use is called a box and a whisker plot um it's good for these
large um distributions you know this is like the median upper upper lower lower I
don't use these a lot but I know a lot of people who love them something to just
look at and or mess around with it a little bit it's pretty I think straightforward
and it does give you

07:52:23
some good insight into your data if you know how to use it now there is one last
one that I want to show you I'm just going to create it on a new sheet make it easy
uh we'll do year here we'll do some of let's do na sales why not and we are going
to make this like this now it's very similar to a line chart but when we break it
out by the genre and we add some color you know it's just a different way to
visualize this information you can uh you know potentially add some stuff in here
like

07:53:00
some labels if you uh want to depending on how it looks for you but this is just
another way to visualize the data so wanting to give you guys some options wanting
to give you some things that you might want to look at if you haven't already used
these before four these are ones all every single one that I've showed you are ones
that I've at least used once um this one I maybe have literally only used once but
the first ones that I showed you the ones I pointed out as the ones that I really
07:53:31
wanted you to know are great visualizations to learn how to use and learn how to
make useful for the data that you have with that being said that is all that we are
looking at in this video again I tried to keep it super easy just wanted to show
you some different visualizations the data that you can use to get those
visualizations and just some other options in case you wanted to get a little bit
uh spontaneous a little bit out there a little bit funky uh to show your boss or
something like that thank you guys so

07:53:59
much for watching I really appreciate it if you like this video be sure to like And
subscribe below and I will see you in the next [Music] video [Music] what's going
on everybody welcome back to another video today we're looking at joins in [Music]
Tableau now before we get into the tutorial I want to give a huge shout out to
today's sponsor and that is udem me they were having a massive Black Friday sale
and so everything is about 85% off so if you've been looking at a course now is the
time to buy it if you are

07:54:44
looking at learning and taking an actual full Tableau course there are fantastic
ones on UD me that I have taken myself so be sure to go and check out UD me while
they're having this huge sale I will include a link in the description if you want
to check them out now let's get into the tutorial all right let's get started and
first we're going to start off in Excel I'm going to kind of walk you through the
data that we're working with and then we're going to put it into Tableau and I'm
going to show

07:55:06
you how to do all those joins in Tableau so the first table that we have is this
demographics table we have employee ID name of employee employee age and employee
gender now look right here because this will be important uh going forward in the
demographics table we have 10 uh individuals and they each have an employee ID now
when we go to the job title we have our employee ID employee name and the job title
but this one is missing Ryan Howard is missing his employee ID and then the very
last one there are only seven employee IDs

07:55:41
and no names um and so we're going to use all of that and I'm going to show you how
to actually do the joins into Tableau Tableau does a really fantastic job of
visualizing for you so it takes a lot of the guesswork out um I am going to include
a link to my joins video in SQL because these two are very closely connected and
and if you understand how the joins work in in SQL you'll understand how the joins
work in Tableau it's almost the exact same thing so with that being said let's jump
over to

07:56:11
Tableau so I'm going to pull this up going go right over here and now we have uh
where where we can connect to our data and so we're going to click Microsoft Excel
I'm going to scroll down here to Tableau joins file I'm going to open this up and I
have it open so I can't use it so let me get rid of that and let's open it again
perfect so now what we're going to do and I'm going to show you how to actually
open up the joins um in a second but what you need to understand is when you first
come
07:56:40
here Tableau doesn't automatically allow you to to use the joins they use something
called relationships and there are joins on the back end but they call it
relationships because they are inferring all of these things they're trying to go
in and make that inference for you so it takes a lot of the work off of you and
most of the time that works and and you know you just plug these two things in here
like a demographics and the job title and it is going to you know help you build
those what they call relationships and you can

07:57:11
click on this and learn how the relationships differ from joins again there's not a
huge difference but it's not as custom customizable and you can't as easily do left
joins or full joins or all these things that we're about to look at so uh I'm going
to take this one off and what we're going to do to actually be able to look at the
joins and and choose what joins we want to use is we're going to do this dropdown
we're going to click open and so now we are in a place where we can actually create
the

07:57:40
joins uh and again it's just much more customizable and so um back when I was using
regularly I would use the relationships when it was pretty simple and
straightforward cuz almost they almost always got it right but uh you know the
joins it it just makes more sense in the way it visualizes it for me so most of the
time I'd be using the joins so let's pull over this job title right here and it's
going to make this connection now before if you remember just about you know 30
seconds ago when it connected

07:58:14
them it was just a line and and so it gave us the this option down here to kind of
edit the relationship but now it's giving us this visualization and so let's click
on it really quick and what is going to come up is the different types of joins
that you can do you can do an inner join a left join a right join and a full outer
join and then you can actually choose the different uh data sources and how you're
connecting them so again um I'm going to walk through a little bit of this but I
think

07:58:43
the sequel video that I did on this shows it so well um I would highly recommend
using that um and I recommend learning SQL too so you know two birds one stem so
I'm going to get into each of the joins how they work what data is going to be
displayed um and these visualizations are really going to be helpful and I think
that it's it's just nice that they have it because it's a little reminder okay um
you know this is what this joint is or this is what that joint is so super super
simple so right

07:59:13
now we have the demographics table and we have the job title table and so what it's
doing right now and let's get rid of this what it's doing right now is it's doing
an inner join and so it's pulling everything that overlaps if it matches on the
employee ID and the employee ID and so right now you only see one through n but if
you remember in the demographics table we had uh 1,000 all the way through 10 so
where's that 10th one well the 10th one is not there and that is because in this
job title

07:59:46
employee ID it only went up to9 and then Ryan Howard just didn't have an employee
ID in there for whatever reason so that data is going to be missing now when you
are using actual data sets very large data sets which we will use in the next video
when we walk through an entire project um when you use large data sets this can be
the difference between clean data and very wrong data and and visualizing it
correctly and showing completely wrong numbers and so you really need to be sure
you understand

08:00:19
how your data works together when you're doing these joins so how can we fix this
how can we um make it to where we can see all of the data well right now we're only
making it to where if the employee ID is equal to the employee ID so we only are
going to see through 109 and through 109 we're never going to see Ryan so there are
two different types of joins that we could do to make it see it and then there's
something else that we can join on to where we can see that data the first that we
can look at is

08:00:48
the right uh join and what this does is it's going to take everything that is the
same but also everything from this job title table regardless of if it has a match
in the demographics table so it's pretty you know this visualization does it all
it's going to show everything in the right table regardless and it's only going to
show things from this table if there's a match so let's try this one and we should
see Ryan Howard in the job title table so let's click on it and if we scroll down
there

08:01:17
going to be n n n n n until we get to over here where we now have the data that we
had in that actual table but again this wasn't a match and so we weren't able to
see that data so this gives us a way to where we can see all of it um all
everything from that right table this job title table and now we're going to click
on the full outer now the full outer is going to take everything from both
regardless of if there is a match at all and so right here you're going to see Ryan
Howard and Ryan Howard

08:01:50
now why are there two different rows for it well because in the demographics table
there was an employee ID so we're seeing the employee ID Ryan Howard his age and
his gender and over here there was no match right but in the job title table again
this one didn't have an employee ID and so we we are going to be able to see this
data but over here it has no match and so that's why showing us two different rows
is because there was no connection there was no match there that's what a full
outer joint is

08:02:23
going to do now just for uh the purposes of seeing what this one does as well we
have the leftand table um and now we are able to see the 110 or or 1010 that we
didn't see before um and it's putting in nulles over here because there's no match
so that's that is um what we have so far now like I said just a second going to go
there is a way that we can do this without using the employee IDs we're allowed to
use a different join Clause now there is the name of the employee in both of them
this one is

08:02:58
called name of employee and in the job title it's called employee name they don't
have to have the same column name in order to join it you can do whatever you want
so I'm going to get rid of this one and now we are only tying it on the employee
name and let's do an inter join and it should be basically everything um except the
only piece of data that wasn't filled in which is that 110 over on the job title
table and so this way was a slightly different maybe uh less thought of way because
normally

08:03:34
you do it if there's an ID you go on the IDS but because we had a lack of data for
in in one of the tables in the job title table we decided to use a different column
to to join on and now we're able to look at all the data together so super quickly
that is an inner join a left join a right join and a full outer join and it's
pretty easily visualized here and you're able to uh change what you're joining on
right here but you're also you can do multiple so if we want to do the employee ID
and the

08:04:09
employee ID you can do that as well and you can keep going as as many as you'd like
um and right here or you can change some of these things uh I don't there aren't a
lot of use cases for this um but you know you can absolutely do this um and mess
around with this as seen I'm not going to go through it in the tutorial because
again 95 plus perc of the joins you're doing you're going to want to do it to where
this equals this um and if you want to get into where it doesn't

08:04:40
equal or or all these other things which is more complicated I think it's much
better to learn that in SQL uh that's my personal preference and so um again all in
the SQL tutorial if you want to check that one out so you're able to join on
multiple things now let's get rid of that one because we can actually bring in this
salary one as well and what you'll see right down here is that we have our employee
ID and this is all coming from the demographics so employee ID name of employer
employee

08:05:10
age employee gender then right over here we have the job title table so employee ID
job title employee name job title and then right over here was or is our salary
table and so we have employee ID salary and employee salary so again this is a way
that you can put all of this data into one place and and just a second we'll go
into the worksheet right down here I'm going to show you kind of how it looks
because it looks a little bit different um than previous tutorials and so I want to
show

08:05:42
you how that actually all works together um but again you can create these joins um
as well and do the exact same thing that we just looked at and customize the joins
customize what you're what you're um uh joining on and then you have your finished
product and so right now we have our demographics plus Tableau joins file and we
can rename that if we want I'm going to call this um demographics plus joins demo
and click enter and so now that is saved so so now let's go down to the go

08:06:18
to worksheet we're going to click on that and so up here on our left side this may
look a little bit different than it normally does um because it's broken out um on
the measure names and the measure values it's broken out by the tables that they
were joined on so we can pull in the employee gender now and we can pull in the
employee name now um and we can pull in the employee ID again if we want to from
the job title table and we can pull in the employee ID from the salary table we
could do that

08:06:47
if we wanted to it makes no sense uh uh for actually creating any visualizations
but you know you can do that and so you probably you wouldn't be able to do that if
you hadn't joined these together and so down here in the measure values the values
that we have are from the demographics table and the salary table all of the um all
of the stuff from the employee title none of those things were um values and so we
can't use there are going to be no values down here and so really quick let's take
the name of the

08:07:17
employee let's take their salary sure why not um let's order that let's take the
employee salary we'll do color and uh expan this out a little bit maybe one more
time oops just like that and there you go so that is how you do joins in Tableau
and I think Tableau does a really fantastic job of making it pretty simple they
have the different types of joins when you click on that that join button and it
shows you the inner and the left and the right and the full outer and they make it
pretty

08:07:54
simple um and and and it's just really useful to be able to see that while you're
creating it and see the output below like we just did a second ago it it just makes
it so simple to create those joins and then just keep going because you already
know what your output is going to be and you can kind of mess around with it and
make sure you're getting the data that you need in the very next video we're going
to be doing an entire project in tap we're going to be using a lot more data and

08:08:19
it's going to be a a complete project that you can add to your portfolio and it's
going to be a really good time so I hope that you joined me for that one I
appreciate your time I hope that this was helpful thank you guys so much for
watching I really appreciate it if you like this video be sure to like And
subscribe below and I'll see you in the next [Music] video what's going on
everybody welcome back to the Tableau tutorial Series this is our very last video
in the series and

08:08:53
today we'll be doing an entire [Music] project now if you're watching this video I
hope that you watch the other four videos in this series just so you can get the
basics down you kind of know what you're doing uh this won't be a crazy hard
project this is a beginner tutorial Series so I'm trying to make this super easy so
you can follow along nothing super comp complicated I promise and if you were
wanting to go above and beyond and just make a lot of different dashboards or try a
lot of different

08:09:22
things there's a ton of data in here and so I'll show you some of the things that I
would do you know as we go through it of the things that I would be looking at and
some of the different visualizations that I might do as well but again in this
video we're going to be singing to a lot of the basics but I'll switch over my
screen in just a second I will show you the final product and then we will actually
walk through step by step of how to do the entire dashboard and at the end you
should have a completed

08:09:44
project that you can add to your portfolio or you know just share on LinkedIn if
you want to do that as well with that being said let's jump over to my screen and
let's get started all right so let's get me off screen and show you what we're
going to be working on today this is the final dashboard that we're actually going
to be building and so it's nothing crazy right I'm sure you have seen all of these
things before um and I'm just going to help you kind of build it out show you what
to do the

08:10:07
buttons to click um and it's really going to be a simple walk through by the end of
this you should be able to do all these things very easily and I highly encourage
looking at at the data and looking at these visualizations and seeing what else you
can do with it there's a lot of different colors a lot of different visualizations
um that you can do with this data I'm just showing you this today and so the more
you go out there and the more you do this on your own and you mess around with
stuff

08:10:33
and and choose different things and see how it all works the better you're going to
get and so I highly highly encourage doing that uh so what we are going to be
working with today is an Airbnb data set I'm going to show you that in just a
second and I'm going to show you the data and we're going to just jump right into
it all right so this is the data set that we are going to be using this is the
Seattle Airbnb open data set and let's scroll down really quick um there's three
different csvs in here and

08:11:01
so this is some of the data that we're going to be working with um some date on
listings and some pricing and then there's the actual listing that shows um the
actual street address the location the price the bedrooms all of these good stuff
stuff and then there's a reviews um and it has you know some comments and you know
talks about some of the reviews so this is what we're going to be working with but
you don't have to go in here and download it I have already combined all these csvs

08:11:33
into one I've put it on the GitHub so I'll have a link below so you can just click
on that and you don't have to do all the stuff that I did to get this set up um
just so you know this is from 2016 so this data set is a little bit old if you want
to you can come right here and I will leave this link as well and you can get the
data set from you know what is this a couple weeks ago uh this is they they are
continuing to update this this is always updated and so you can go ahead and
download these but some of

08:12:00
these are the CSV Dogz um so you may need to like convert it I don't want to go
through that process um on you know in the video and so I am just going to go with
what is literally in kaggle um and use that but if you want want to have an updated
one for your project I just advise you to go in here and grab it yourself and that
should be perfectly good so go ahead and download the data set from the GitHub and
we should be good to go so this is the Excel that I was just talking about this has
all of

08:12:31
our csvs in one place this is you know an Excel workbook so in this reviews
actually let's start with the listings because that's kind of where it all stems
from uh we have our listing and the DAT or the data in here is um you you know
really extensive there's a lot of data in here so let's get over really quick um
the listing refers to the actual home that they're renting out the Airbnb so it
shows their location um and there's a lot more location information over here I'm

08:13:02
getting into it in in just a second so there's the neighborhood the city state um
zip code all stuff that you know may be useful there's a latitude and longitude it
shows what type of property it is so that's really really good um right over here
it has you know how many bathrooms bedrooms and beds um you know sometimes if it's
a five bedroom house it has seven beds so that's why there's those two different um
Fields I don't know if you're familiar with Airbnb and

08:13:31
and you know what they have on there but just something to note uh they have the
price this is the price per day this is a weekly price a monthly price and if
there's a deposit needed uh and then a cleaning fee as well so a bunch of financial
data that's you know super useful we go into it a little bit but there's so much
you can do with that um you know if you want to dig into that and that's kind of it
the rest of it's pretty uh pretty useless um and there's a lot so there's so much
data in here

08:14:00
almost you know more than half by far is nothing you would put in any type of
visualization um and this is pretty common uh you're not going to get data every
column where you're going to be able to use it a lot of times it's just a lot of
useless junk and so you have to know what you're looking for and know uh you know
what's actually useful so that's the listing then we have reviews now what's really
a little bit confusing in here and something that you just need to kind of
understand about the data um

08:14:28
and something that if you're if you get a data analyst job you need to understand
your data because it's very easy to come in here and say okay there's an ID ID
field and here's an ID field so that means that those are the same well not in this
case um this ID field is actually the review reviews ID not the reviewer ID that
refers to like the person this is the reviews ID this listing ID is the actual ID
right there so really important to note um and then the L and so then they just
have their comment there what they
08:15:03
left as a review and then on the calendar um I don't know why I'm scrolled down uh
we have this listing idea again so again that listing ID is equal to the ID in this
listing table and we have a date in a price so this refers to a specific location
and on this day they got $85 for it somebody rented it out um and so then there's
these like T's and Fs um let's try to find a blank one really quick here's a blank
one so there's these T's and Fs uh the t means that it was taken um the f

08:15:35
means that it's vacant I don't know exactly what it means uh what a TF means but
that we can deduce that much from this and so you can see when and how much this
person was making or this homeade uh in that time so really really good data in
here there's a lot to work with um and and so we're just going to be kind of I'll
give you a little bit of a use case for it in a second and then we're going to
start trying to answer some of those the building out some of the visualizations
for that use case uh

08:16:07
again you could have 20 different use cases for this data or more um honestly for
this data where you can build out different dashboards and different reports
literally with just this data but you know we're doing a pretty General broad
project and so it's hard to answer all of them so let's jump over to Tableau we're
going to get started on this and we are going to build out everything all right so
let's come right here uh this is a Microsoft Excel we'll open that up do this one
we will open

08:16:41
it and give it just a second says it's executing the query it's pulling the data in
all right so we have our calendar our listing and our reviews those are the
different tabs at the bottom we're going to start with the listing this is the the
kind of the main one has um you know the there's I didn't show you but there's
about 3,600 locations that they had in there uh let's just have it update
automatically I don't know why we need to click on that but um so we have this

08:17:15
list listings we have our calendar and our reviews what we're going to do is going
to come in here and we're going to open it as we did in our very last video uh for
the joins so now that we've opened it we can kind of go in here and we can do the
joins as um as needed and so let's go over here and we're going to uh let's start
with calendar put it right there that was super slow I apologize all right let's
wait for it to get the data start setting everything up did not think it would take
this long

08:17:57
I apologize no take your time so let's click on here and right now it has the uh
the join based on the price which obviously is not going to work um and if you
remember there is no ID in this calendar it's just just the listing ID um we can
actually look right here there's just the listing ID so we're actually going to put
listing ID is equal to ID and right down here we can see that we have a lot of of
well you can't see it um but we show that there is a lot of data um and so we know
that that is
08:18:37
correct we know that that is now pulling in data correctly because it's showing up
down here so that's a good thing now in this listings there there are about 3600 um
about 3600 listings and so that all the data that's in listings is going to be in
there but on the calendar because we converted from a CSV to an Excel workbook it
isn't able to store as much information so some of the ones in calendar may have
gotten cut off so we can just keep at this inj join because we know that if it's in
listings

08:19:09
it is going to be in calendar we know that it if it um there may be some in calar
Cal that aren't in listings so if we really um you know if we really really wanted
to we could do a full outer or something like that I I haven't really thought
through this as I'm talking through it in my head but we know that uh everything
that's in listing is going to be in calendar and so you know we don't really need
to do anything other than an inner join and we can also pull in these reviews and
it's going to do the same

08:19:43
thing as before where just kind of pulling in the data and it defaults to ID equals
ID now we know that that is not correct um because the ID in here is referring to
the review ID we need to go to the listings ID so we need the ID be able to you
know be part of that listings ID if we do the ID it goes down to 2,555 rows if we
do how it's supposed and because that's just you know it's random luck there happen
to be some numbers that are in both fields um that tie together if we do the
correct one

08:20:18
where we hit the listing ID it bumps it up to I think 2, 373,000 oh maybe more than
that uh 23 million rows right a lot lot lot more and so it's super important to get
these joins right to tie them together on the right Fields if you just do it based
off what Tableau tells you because it has that automated um you know it goes into
these fields and says okay these are the same exact column name so they're most
likely going to be what you're looking for well it was incorrect in this point so
it's really

08:20:49
important to check those things and make sure you're pulling in the right data
again we're going to keep it that inner join um you know if you wanted to you know
try to see if there's any other data that correlate we're keeping it simple today
but sometimes you need to join on multiple things uh so just uh a you know a tip so
let's get out of here um and we are good to go so this is our listings plus Tableau
full project that's what we'll that's what we'll be

08:21:15
working with um and we we were able to tie all three of these um you know as you
call them tables or sheets or whatever you want to call them we were able to tie
them together so let's go over here to our first worksheet uh let's see all right
so this says Tableau public only works with less than 15 million rows of data we
have 23 million rows of data that is uh that's a problem um and when I did this
before it didn't do that so I you know we're going to work through this together so
this is
08:21:46
date reviews I believe this is date for um this is date for the calendar which is
going to be a lot of rows of data and so I'm sure that's part of it let's see let's
do years we only want 2016 oops we only want 2016 let's do okay let's see what that
does let's see if that gets us under what we need um we only want 2016 data anyways
so if it's in 2017 we were going to take it out um anyway so we'll see if that gets
us underneath I have absolutely if this T ends up taking like

08:22:33
20 minutes I will just cut it and you know you won't have to wait as long as I'm
waiting so let's see how long it takes all right so it took about 20 minutes and it
did absolutely nothing um one thing I do know is that we don't actually use this
review tables at all um just for demonstration purposes so we're going to remove
that and let's see if that helps us in any way if it does we're just going to keep
it as is um you know the reviews table is really just for demonstrating how to

08:23:14
do the joint but we weren't actually using any of the data for any of the
visualizations although you could again I'm going to see how long this takes uh and
I'll cut ahead all right so that worked uh perfectly it apparently took out all the
data that we needed all the rows that we needed to get under that level again I was
just doing that to show you the that that joins how you needed to change the
columns to make sure that it joined properly we don't actually use for any of the
visualization so their end

08:23:46
product is going to be totally fine I don't know why uh this didn't happen to me
when I when I created this whole thing already um so just going to move forward
because uh I make mistakes so uh let's keep moving the first one that we are going
to make is that uh is that colorful one I'll probably pop it up on screen so you
can see it uh well if I remember I'm going to pop it up on screen um it's the
colorful one it's the price by ZIP code so we're going to be looking at these zip
codes and kind of

08:24:14
see um you know how expensive is each zip code um and before we actually start I
just remembered I want to talk to you about the use case for this data I want to
imagine you to imagine that you're working for somebody they're like hey where you
know I want to start an Airbnb business I want to know where I should go where
should I buy up buy a home put it up on Airbnb and start renting it out where's the
best place you know what are some of the fact fact that I should be looking at uh
and so

08:24:47
that's kind of what our use case is so we're going to some of the things that he
cares about are things like bedrooms um location which is really important and how
much price he's actually going to get how much money can he charge and so he's
trying to optimize that to make sure that whatever rental he gets he can make a the
most profit from instead of choosing something that you know he thinks would work
but you know in the end he's actually not making that much money so those things
are important so
08:25:15
that's our use case we're trying to help this guy out help him find a really good
Airbnb um so let's take a look at these zip codes real quick we have uh quite a few
of them and there's one that's null uh we'll exclude that or if if it doesn't have
a zip code we'll just exclude those because they're not going to show up on the
these visualizations anyways um and so we want to look at the price so we just want
to find uh the price which should actually be down

08:25:42
here and not the sum uh no we want to look at the average price and let's order
that this is great um so this is the most expensive one uh ZIP code 98134 at $26 uh
per for the average price uh but let's give that some color really quick Let's uh
where's the ZIP code it's up here so let's take that zip code we're going to put it
right over here we're going to do color and it's going to give it some uh assorted
colors now these colors are going to um when we do the map in just a

08:26:20
little bit these colors will um match what we're doing in there and so you know I I
like to try to color coordinate things um we're not doing going too crazy with the
colors today so this is our very first visualization congratulations it is uh it is
complete so uh we can label this one and we can just do price by zip code and I'll
make that bold I don't know I usually like it bold we'll apply we'll do like that
and boom first one is done uh and this is our starting place to say uh Hey person

08:26:59
who's looking to buy this Airbnb here are the zip codes where they are able to
charge the most um for for their Airbnb so let's go over to the second sheet and we
are going to be doing the map and so um map is pretty easy but it it's pretty easy
Once you actually get the data that you need although there's a lot of different
data that you can use for the actual U map right here you need something that shows
um the location and there's a lot of things that show location in here in

08:27:32
fact they already um provide a latitude and longitude and then at the bottom they
generated a latitude and longitude from from some different um fields and then
there's just a bunch of different um State there's um States there's zip codes
there are uh I think another one I yeah like country there's a lot of location data
in here so which one do we want to use we want to stay consistent we don't want to
deviate from that and start using different um L long longitude and latitudinal uh
coordinates

08:28:06
because that could throw off our our results completely we want to stay consistent
with what we're using so we actually want to use this ZIP code but when we pull it
up here it's going to give us uh basically the same um you know it's going to show
these zip codes but we were going to right over here we're going to click on this
one and now it's going to separate them out so now we have all of these um you know
kind of separated out what you might get when you first do this um is it might look

08:28:31
like this you may have to zoom in um I know that that happened to me the other time
excuse me go to here that's what happened to me uh just when I first did it so uh
know that that may happen and we want to change the colors the exact same way that
we did them before so we're just going over here we're doing color and these colors
do um they do should match up with the um with the other ones let me um exclude
this let me see if it does 98134 that's the blue and right over here 98134 that's a

08:29:13
blue I I I believe believe they are going to be the same yep and so just scrolling
back if you look at the ZIP code on the far right uh they are the same so if you're
looking like this section right over here I I'm just wanting to make sure I'm not
going crazy uh before I get into this and realize I'm not correct at all so uh now
what we want is you know this doesn't really give us any information if I was just
to glance at this map I would have no idea what you're trying to show me um any

08:29:42
information off this so we want to show some actual information so first thing that
we're going to do is we're going to actually add the label to this so that you can
see it you know when you're going over here and you see okay here's this um zip
code um in the dashboard when we create it you can click on this but if you just
want to do it visually without having to click anywhere you'll be able to see okay
98134 that's right here so this location right here is you know able to

08:30:10
charge a lot of money it's probably a really nice neighborhood so um and we can
back that up by putting the average price so these these two visualizations are
really they really go hand in hand we're going to add oops not the sum this one
needs to be the average so you go to this measure the sum go to average and there
you go and these should match so this should be 206.125 206.000 so this all matches
um and we can uh we can actually change that size a little bit if you want to
actually get

08:30:50
it in um get it within each of these things you know adjust it as you see fits I
think that's fine right there um no need to mess with it anymore all right so let
me see I think that is everything for this one I don't know if I want to add
anything else uh no I'm going to keep it how it is so that is our second
visualization again these ones are directly uh correlated and and you know this
there's just different ways to visualize it this one you can see actually on the
map where it

08:31:24
is and the average price this one you can see from highest to lowest so again you
know sometimes when you're doing these visualizations you're going to have these
accompanying um uh these accompanying visualizations in your dashboard that's very
normal so let's move over to the third one and for this third one um you know
something that our guy was looking at is he's like okay well you know I'm thinking
about listing it on Airbnb but I also want to live in it so I want to know the best
times to

08:31:57
actually um you know put it on the market for people to be able to use and so I was
like okay man no problem uh let's let's take a look at when when are people
spending the most money in airbnbs and we actually had that calendar um if you
remember let's look let's see this calendar so we have this available the date the
listing all of that stuff um and let's look at the date in here uh and we obviously
don't want it like this we want it to be more uh more of a Time series and we're
going to do

08:32:34
be doing that based off of uh the price for the calendar so let's go see if we can
find that really quick okay here's the price where is that calendar one let me see
okay there's the calendar oh here I totally forgot where that was supposed to be o
that looks terrible okay um let's see let's let's start working on this because
this needs some work obviously uh this is the worst visualization I have ever seen
um so we need to work on this a little bit what we need to do is we need to change
oh

08:33:17
whoops we need to change some the way that these dates are are seen so right here
is a these are two separate things so if I go right here and I Do by quarter it's
just going to change the quarters here right that's that isn't really helpful we
actually want to keep the year here what we want to do it is by year we want to
separate it by year um but we want to separate it let's just do I don't know let's
try weak and see what it looks like okay this is great this is this is what we're
looking at

08:33:45
again um if we went back and Chang this like quarter it uh changed it quarter and
then change it to week it would show the quarters but it wouldn't show everything
right this isn't all the data that we need and so you know you really need to make
sure that you're doing this correct I by default it's almost always year but if
you're looking at it via quarter so like let's say somebody comes in you say hey
what quarters I Want to Break these out by quarters um and not year-over-year

08:34:18
that's how you would do this but in the year we want to break it out by uh the week
and you see this huge drop off um at the end well that is actually because the data
doesn't go past that um there's just like one day of data or one one um week of
data in here with actual um with January of 2017 data so it just drops off because
this is an this is the sum so it only adds up to like um 591 th000 compared to like
the 2 million so we want to get rid of that um and how do we do that uh let's see I
think it's

08:34:58
filter how's it format no it's not format what am I thinking bear with me uh let's
a filter well I was looking for it I just couldn't find it uh let's bring it back
to the 31st let's see if that fixes what we need perfect uh that's all you had to
do um and the reason that this is helpful and often times you'd have several years
worth of data in here um and then you could have you could do even do something
like this um like this one where it has multiple lines the reason that this is
helpful is

08:35:34
because if I'm telling my friend let's I mean just I'm going to say it's a friend
or business partner whatever you whatever you want to use this use case for I'm GNA
tell him hey the beginning of January all the way until like you know even February
it's like really low it's half so there's not a lot of people traveling because
everyone travels when at the end of the year so in November December for the
holidays to visit family um and then in the summer for vacations I would tell him
just based

08:36:05
off this one thing I would say hey over the summer and then at the end of the year
and during the holidays that's when I would be renting out your air BNB okay so
just this one very simple visualization can help him understand the best times um
to do that that may be an intuitive you may have already known that but you can
prove it with the data which is always really helpful um and let's see is there
anything else that we need to do with this uh I'm just going to label it and I'm
going to say

08:36:38
um revenue for year let's do bold do apply there we go do I label this last one I
didn't let's label that last [Music] one and we'll do price per zip code price per
zip code we'll just keep it at that keep it simple um and let's do that all right I
believe we have two more so we have done um we've done three of them um we got the
zip codes we've got the um you know the time of the year now something else that he
was wanting to know is um you know just how things affect it and

08:37:27
something that's going to affect the price of the actual Airbnb is going to be the
amount of bedrooms so the the larger the house the more bedrooms the more it's
going to cost typically so we can take a look at that let's pull in these bedrooms
um and that will be our columns uh no it won't what we need to do um and so I I
knew this was going to happen I just forgot it until right uh until right now what
we this right now is actually a um it's a a value right so it's a number and that's
totally um

08:38:05
reasonable because if we go right here we do count distinct that's because there's
only seven values right it goes there's zero bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 5 six 7 all the way
up to seven bedrooms right now it has it as a numerical value we want to um change
that to create it as um these measure names not a value so we're going to um we're
going to remove this we're going to go right down here we're going click this drop
down and we're going to say convert to Dimension and so now we're going to add

08:38:38
it as a dimension so there that looks um much more normal I really quick I'm going
to I'm going to keep these in here for a second but we're going to get rid of these
nulls and zeros because if a home has zero bedrooms that's a problem um and so we
want to look at the price again let's go down here in the listings it should be the
price now this is the price for the location per day um if you want to look at
monthly or or you know stuff like that they have that data um but we're just going
to do the price

08:39:10
the average price not the sum um although this is is helpful so just really quick
before we change it this is going to show you which ones make the which ones are
bringing in the most money it also may show you which ones are the most common um
those are all different visualizations that we can do but the one that brings in
the most money uh that brought in 63 or that has $63 Million worth of um worth of
listings so they all add up those one bedrooms are doing phenomenal half of that
are two bedrooms at 30 million

08:39:44
three bedrooms at 18 million and so on and so forth so there's a ton of one-bedroom
ones we may even keep we could even keep that in there um you know if we wanted to
um and then we do something similar later but you can keep something like this in
there what we will do really quick though is we're going to do the same thing that
we've been doing is keeping average um and we are going to get rid of this cuz if
it doesn't have the bedrooms you know that's not helpful to us and if it has zero
bedrooms that's

08:40:16
that's genuinely a problem I will not be renting an Airbnb with my family uh that
has zero bedrooms in it so now we have this and would be really helpful to be able
to see that in the visualization I mean it's just kind of hard to see it as is I
mean it just does not hurt to add that right here do a label um why is it angled
like that maybe I just need to move it out more that looks much better um that's
the average price that cannot be right that's the sum that's why so let's go

08:40:55
over here let's make that average as well much better because uh if the price was
$3 million for a three-bedroom I would not be going there so this is really really
useful information for our friend right if um he wants start you know get into
those one that one bedroom area you know you're not going to be making a lot of
money it may be low cost UPF front but he's not going to be making a lot of money
it significantly goes up when you reach these five and six bedroom homes which
makes sense I mean if it has five

08:41:27
or six bedrooms in it it's probably a really large really nice home and you can
charge a lot more money and our friend is uh extremely wealthy he can buy whatever
he wants and so he may be looking at these um larger on seeing that there's a much
higher return um on his investment the higher and the more bedrooms he goes so
we're going to keep it just as it is um and let me see is there's anything else
that we want to do with this no we're going to keep it just like this uh and the
last one is by far the easiest

08:41:57
and we actually just discussed it a little bit we want to know you know what's his
competition look like so um for those for the bedrooms specifically so let's go
back up to the bedrooms we want that one to be right here in our rows so we show um
these and then we just want to count of um how many listings there are so we can do
that via the listings ID so here's our listings each ID represents one location or
one home so we're going to do that right here uh that looks absolutely

08:42:36
terrible that looks terrible what am I doing wrong here um let me see uh one thing
we need to do is we want to get rid of these nulls and zeros do that really quick
um and then we don't want to do just the ID because I I'm realizing now uh what I'm
doing I need to convert this to a numeric so we can do a count on it so let's um
oops let me see what what is happening this is terrible all right let's put this
back let's make let me see if I can just um do an attribute let's
08:43:18
do the [Music] count and let's do text um no it needs to be a distinct count
because that's that's basically like um a count of the numbers themselves not each
individual ID okay it took figuring out I'm going to keep that in there because you
guys need to see uh a lot of you guys like seeing when I make mistakes so you know
makes it feel like when you make mistakes it's okay um and I'm all about that so
I'm leaving that in there you guys can see me fail a little bit um I just forgot
how to do

08:43:57
that for a second and this is exactly what we're looking for right we want we now
it showed us in that visualization that we were looking at earlier before we um
switched it to the average price this is showing us that there are for one bedrooms
there's 1,800 one bedroom two that 483 3 that have 206 four that have 55 only five
that have 20 and six that have five so the more you go up the less and less it is
or the less and less competition there's going to be now is there a lot of demand
for four-bedroom

08:44:27
five-bedroom six-bedroom uh that's for our friend to figure out um well maybe we'll
help them out with that later um in the with the data you know we could look at the
reviews that we had um there's so much data in here and we could absolutely figure
that out but for what it's worth giving him this initial stuff and he'll have
follow-up questions for us later that's how it always works I promise um so now
we're good with this one let's label this one did I label the

08:44:53
last one I will go back and look um distinct I I'm going to butcher this one I'm
going do a distinct count of of bedroom listings I don't that may not make sense at
all but we're keeping it so we're going to do bedroom apply okay let me see if I
added the label on this one I didn't let me do that real quick we do average price
per bedroom again I'm oops you didn't see that I'm just going with whatever is
coming to my head this probably wouldn't be what I would keep

08:45:36
if I this or like an actual project but it works for now so we have our five
visualizations 1 2 three four and five and let's create our dashboard that's going
to be this button right here so we're going to click that we are going to uh go
right here and we're going to say automatic because we want to use this entire area
and so now we're just going to start um you know pulling them over and I'm just
going to start from the very first one and go to the very last one keep it really
simple so this

08:46:09
very first one we'll pull it over it you know it's going to take up the entire
space until you start adding all the other ones we'll include this one right here
um and well let's leave it as it is you know we'll adjust it once it gets to its
final place now we have number three We'll add this one on this side it looks
terrible right now but give it a second uh then we have number four we're going to
add that across the top okay it's already starting to look a little

08:46:39
better and um maybe I I you don't have to keep this in here um but you definitely
can uh let's start to adjust things a little bit oops okay let's see if I can zoom
in one more NOP I'm going to do it just like that actually let me [Music] see if I
can make it even just a little bit closer perfect uh that's the the best you're
going to get um if you didn't see I use this um magnifying and then I could click
on the area that I wanted to see so we're going to keep that just like

08:47:21
that we're going to move this over because that is um definitely not as important
um and then we're going to move this way over as well so keep it just like that
again this is something where if you want to you can click on this um it didn't I
don't know why uh I can't remember how to get those connected but it's you
definitely can um but okay I was just clicking on the wrong one that's why that is
why but you can click over here and you you know it'll filter um based on so if I
go to this one oops

08:47:55
[Music] dang oh jeez what am I doing oh this is a travesty okay let's try to get
this back all right I'm not touching it guys you get the gist you can mess around
with it yourself I'm not messing this up okay so the next thing we need to add is
the very last one that's going to go right up here and then we're just going to
kind of move it off to the side and let's see going add yeah have this caption um
if you've never seen something like this before um and I actually want to make

08:48:36
this bigger as well oh jeez give me a second it's it's kind of lagging a little
[Music] bit and make this a little bit tall maybe I don't want it as wide but I
definitely want a little [Music] taller give it a second yeah let me scooch this
[Music] back just like that that's fine uh we can keep it like that in my original
one I didn't have this um um you can get rid of this if you want you know you can
um you know just exit out right here if you want to do that but there you have it
uh

08:49:22
this is the entire thing so we started from the very start um we started with this
one then this one uh did some um and this is you know all the zip all of our ZIP
code work then we took a look at the calendar where we looked at the price and did
some time series visualization and then we're looking at the bedrooms and and the
count of bedrooms and so this should be really helpful for a friend it should be an
initial dashboard to get him going and once he sees us he's going to have a million
other questions and he's going

08:49:52
to want another dashboard for different data that's in there he's going to ask
about okay well what if I want to do it weekly or you know I want to rent it out
for the month or you know how many um reviews are people five star reviews are
people giving on you know W bedroom two bedroom three bedroom these are all things
that you know he may ask and then we'd have to build out in the real world this is
what happens all the time you know they make a request and then they're like oh
this is great but I also

08:50:18
want this so um you know your friend is is going to be right in line with just
about everyone else um that has ever gotten a dashboard uh for work or for personal
use with that being said this is it um we have done the entire thing now if you
want to share this it is super super easy to share um and I'm going to try to
remember how to share it uh so we're going to do save to tap public As and we're
going to do this and we're going to make it um let's do Air BnB is it like is it a
capital B is it like

08:50:52
that no that doesn't look right Airbnb uh we'll do full project and we'll save and
that is being created right now um and I will save this so if you guys want to go
look at this you can um and I'll provide a link in the description as well for that
and see if yours looks um similar to mine or better than mine give it a second CU
it's thinking all right so here it is so here's our final our final project um and
if you followed step by step then you should get this exact or very very

08:51:31
similar to this one again I encourage you to if you want to have the upto-date data
to go to that um Link in the description that has um the the most recent data and
they update that I believe monthly so you can go there get the most recent data and
then you can do stuff and you can create a beautiful project just like this um but
with the you know the most recent data again I use the kaggle data just so you guys
can remember and I encourage you to look at the different data points that are in
the Excel there is so much in there and

08:52:01
you can use uh honestly like there's probably 30 or 40 other fields that you could
be using in there that we never even touched um but for this project we're keeping
it pretty simple and so so go do that make completely unique dashboards and and
visualizations and create projects and add it to your portfolios so that you can
create uh a fantastic portfolio website and get a job and that's what this is all
about um it's about upskilling and and getting these skills that you can you know
get a

08:52:30
job or or do better in your job so I hope this has been helpful I really appreciate
you guys joining me and and doing this entire project with me I have no idea how
long this is this probably this could be like an hour for all I know um so thank
you so much for sticking with me this entire time if you like this video be sure to
like And subscribe below and I will see you in the next [Music] video what's going
on everybody welcome back to another video today we're going to be starting our
powerbi tutorial

08:53:11
series now I am super excited to start this series with you guys we are going to be
breaking this up in about six or seven videos I don't really like those super long
videos where it's like four hours long I like breaking mine up into chunks so
that's what we're going to do this is the beginner series and so we're going to
start with the very Basics and we're just going to work our way up and I'm going to
walk you through every single step of the way it'll be very easy to

08:53:33
follow everything will be provided for you so that all you have to do is really
follow along and by the end of it you should know powerbi a lot better you should
have a lot more com using it now before we actually jump onto my screen I want to
give a huge shout out to the sponsor of this video and that is udemy you guys know
that I absolutely love udemy I've been using them for years and that is no
exception when it comes to powerbi I have taken some of the best powerbi courses
ever on udemy so I

08:53:58
highly recommend you checking out the ones that I have in the description these are
ones that I actually took and I loved the most so if you're looking for a full
powerbi course I highly recommend checking out you to me thank you so much again to
our sponsor and now without further Ado let's jump onto my screen and get started
with a tutorial all right so the first thing I'm going to do is download powerbi
desktop I will leave this link in the description so you can just click on it go to
it and

08:54:19
download it we're going to click this download free button and once we click it you
can go to the Microsoft store and I already have it downloaded so when you see it
uh it'll already say downloaded but um for you you can go in here you can click
download and it will download it for you I'm on Microsoft uh but it may look a
little bit different for you if you're on a different system but once that is done
we are going to open up powerbi so let's go right down here to our search let's go
to

08:54:50
powerbi and it is going to open up for us all right so right away this is what it's
going to look like when you open it and we're going to go right over here to get
data and let's click on that it's going to open up this window and it's going to
give us a lot of different options for where we can get data from now some of these
are free and some you need to upgrade from but you just taking a quick glance
through here you have a ton of options there's databases there's

08:55:17
um you know blob storages there's post create SQL or different SQL databases um
there's Google analytics there's a lot of places and you can go through the process
to connect to that data and you can pull that data in from those data sources now
for what we are doing we're just going to be using an Excel I'm going to leave the
Excel that I'm going to be using in the description you can go and download it and
walk through this with me so what we're going to do is click on Excel workbook and
we're going

08:55:42
to click connect so we're going to go right here in our powerbi tutorials folder
and we're going to click on apocalypse food prep so let's click on that and it is
going to connect and pull that data in now right here we have our Navigator and so
if you had a lot of different sheets you can click on that and choose which ones to
pull in I just clicked on it right over here and we're able to preview the data but
I can't load or transform it yet I need to select which sheets I'm bringing in so

08:56:11
we only have ones that's the only one we're going to bring in so you can go ahead
and load the data or you can click on transform data it's going to take us to
powerbi power query which is going to allow us to transform our data so I'm going
to have an entire video on how to transform the data but I'm going to give you a
really quick glance at it to kind of show you what it is so right up here it says
our power query editor this is a the window to basically transform your data and
get it ready for your

08:56:38
visualizations now you can do this in Excel if you want to and do that before
forand or you can do it here and there are lots of things that we can do in here as
you can see at the top again I'll have an entire video dedicated to just power
query but let's take a quick look at the data and see if there's anything we want
to transform quickly before we actually go and start building our visualizations so
over here we have the store where we purchased it we have the product that we
purchased the price that

08:57:05
we paid and the date that we bought it now the first thing that jumps out to me is
that this just says date on it um we might want to say date uncore purchased and
we're going to hit enter and if you noticed right over here on these applied steps
it says renamed columns everything that you do every single step that you apply to
transform this data is going to be right over here and if I want to if I go back
and I say you know I really didn't want to rename that column I can just click X
and it is

08:57:35
going to get rid of that and take it back to its original state so again I'm just
going to say purchase and we're going to enter that now this is our apocalypse food
prep so this is food that we are buying for the apocalypse um for this example and
if we look at our products we have bottled water canned vegetables dried beans milk
and rice and all of that stuff makes sense except for the milk U milk will not stay
or last long in the apocalypse so I think what we're going to do is we're going to
filter that out really

08:58:06
quickly and we're GNA click okay and right over here again says filtered rows and
so now if we scroll down there's no milk so what we are going to do is we are going
to go over here to close and apply and it is going to actually load the data into
powerbi desktop so on this left- hand side it immediately takes us to the report
Tab and what we want to do is go right here to the data Tab and take a look at our
data so again there's our date purchased and as you can see the milk is not in
there another

08:58:43
tab that we're going to take a look at um and again in this report tab this is
where we actually build our visualizations the data is where we can see the data
and and change it up a little bit and change some small things about it like
sorting The Columns or even creating a new column and over here we have this other
Tab and is called model and this is especially useful when you have multiple tables
or multiple excels and you need to join them to kind of connect them together we
don't have

08:59:08
that but in a future video I'm going to walk through how to use this entire higher
tab so now let's go back to the data Tab and I want to just look at the data really
quickly before we go over to the report Tab and we start building our first
visualization as you can see I've been buying these different products in different
months so this rice I've been purchasing in January February March and April and
I've been buying it from three different locations because I wanted to see if I was
spending less money at one

08:59:33
location on all of the products so then I would just shop there in the future and
save a lot of money or if there were specific products that were really cheap at
one location but others they were cheaper at a different location so I should just
buy like the dried beans at Costco but everything else I should be buying at
Walmart and so that's what we're going to look at in just a little bit so let's go
over to the report tab right up here at the top there's this data section so you
can kind of choose