INTECAL 125 – INTEGRAL CALCULUS

Group Leader: BUNDALIAN, Stephany Ann S._______ Rating: __________________________

Yr. & Section: _BSCE-1E_________________ Date Submitted: __________________

GROUP MEMBERS:
ALFARO, Eyrish Anne R.
APOSTOL, Marc Christian D.
BONDOC, Syakina Leigh U.
DAVID, Ysabelle D.
DELA CRUZ, Stephen Karl A.
TAYAG, Eimhard D.

INTEGRAL CALCULUS

CENTROID AND MOMENT OF INERTIA

PORTFOLIO No.1 – Final Term

I. OBJECTIVES

1. To apply integration in solving for centroid of plane areas.

2. To apply integration in solving moment of inertia.
3. To illustrate graphical representation of centroids and moment of inertia by graphing tool.
4. To utilize any graphing tool like Geogebra for illustration.

II. INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES (ILOs):

The students shall be able to:

1. SolvDere for centroids of plane areas and physical application.

2. Solve for moment of inertia and physical application.
3. Utilize Geogebra or any graphing tool for graphical presentation.

III. PROBLEMS

UNIT XI – PART 1 (CENTROID OF PLANE AREA)

𝑏 ℎ
1.Derive the formula for centroid of Rectangle. (𝑥̄ , ȳ) = (2 , 2)

𝑏 ℎ
2. Derive the formula for centroid of Right Triangle. (𝑥̄ , ȳ) = (3 , 3)

4𝑟 4𝑟
3. Derive the formula for centroid of Quarter-Circle. (𝑥̄ , ȳ) = (3𝜋 , 3𝜋)

3 3
4. Derive the formula for centroid of half of the Parabola. (𝑥̄ , ȳ) = (5 𝑎, 8 𝑏)

𝑏 𝑛+1
5. Derive the formula for centroid of General Spandrel . (𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥 𝑛 ), (𝑥̄ = 𝑛+2) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (ȳ = 4𝑛+2 ℎ)

Plate No.1 – Plane Areas and Solids of Revolution

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INTECAL 125 – INTEGRAL CALCULUS
UNIT XI – PART 2 (MOMENT OF INERTIA)

1.Derive the formula for moment of inertia for Rectangle

a. About its centroidal axes.

b. About x and y axis

2.Derive the formula for moment of interia of Right Triangle

a. About its centroidal axes.

b. About x and y axis.

3. Derive the formula for moment of inertia of Circle.

4. Derive the formula for moment of inertia for Semi Circle

a. About its centroidal axes

Plate No.1 – Plane Areas and Solids of Revolution

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INTECAL 125 – INTEGRAL CALCULUS
PART 1 SOLUTION:

𝑏 ℎ 𝑏 ℎ
1.Rectangle (𝑥̄ , ȳ) = (2 , 2) 2. Right Triangle (𝑥̄ , ȳ) = (3 , 3)

Area: y − y1 = m(x − x1 )

𝑥 𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑦 ℎ−0 ℎ
A= ∫𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑥 𝑚 = 𝑟𝑢𝑛 = 𝑥 2−𝑦 1
= 0−𝑏 𝑚 = −𝑏
1 −𝑥 2 1

𝑏
A = ∫0 (ℎ − 0)𝑑𝑥 Area:

𝑥
A = [ℎ𝑥]𝑏0 𝐴 = ∫𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑥
1

𝑏 ℎ
A = 𝑏ℎ. 𝐴 = ∫0 (− 𝑏 𝑥 + ℎ − 0)𝑦𝑑𝑥

ℎ 𝑏
Centroid A = [− 2𝑏 𝑥 2 + ℎ𝑥 + 𝐶]
0

1
A𝑥̄ = ∫𝑥𝑑𝐴 𝐴 = 2 𝑏ℎ

1 𝑏
𝑥̄ = ∫ 𝑥ℎ 𝑑𝑥 Centroid
𝑏ℎ 0

𝑏
𝑥2
x̄= [2𝑏 ] A𝑥̄ = ∫𝑥𝑑𝐴
0

2 𝑏 ℎ
𝑏 𝑥̄ = 𝑏ℎ ∫0 𝑥 (− 𝑏 𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑥̄ =
2
2 ℎ ℎ 𝑏
𝑥̄ = 𝑏ℎ [− 3𝑏 𝑥 3 + 2 𝑥 2 + 𝐶]
0

𝑏
Aȳ = ∫𝑦𝑑𝐴 𝑥̄ =
3
1 ℎ 𝑦𝑢 −𝑦𝑙
ȳ = 𝑏ℎ ∫0 (𝑦 𝑢 − 𝑦𝑙 )𝑑𝑥 Aȳ = ∫𝑦𝑑𝐴
2

1 ℎ 2 1 ℎ 𝑦𝑢 −𝑦𝑙
ȳ = 2𝑏ℎ ∫0 ℎ 𝑑𝑥 ȳ = 𝑏ℎ ∫0 2
(𝑦 𝑢 − 𝑦𝑙 )𝑑𝑥

ℎ 2
ȳ= 1 ℎ ℎ
2 ȳ = 𝑏ℎ ∫0 (− 𝑏 𝑥 + ℎ) 𝑑𝑥

3 𝑏
ℎ
1 𝑏 (−𝑏𝑥+ℎ)
ȳ = [𝑏ℎ (ℎ) ( ) + 𝐶]
3
0

ℎ
ȳ=
3

Fig 1.1 Graph of Rectangle

Plate No.1 – Plane Areas and Solids of Revolution

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INTECAL 125 – INTEGRAL CALCULUS

Fig 2.1 Graph of Right Tringale. Fig 3.1 Graph of Quarter Circle

4𝑟 4𝑟 3 3
3.Quarter Circle (𝑥̄ , ȳ) = (3𝜋 , 3𝜋) 4. Half of the Parabola (𝑥̄ , ȳ) = (5 𝑎, 8 𝑏)

Area: Area:
1 𝑥
A = 4 𝜋𝑟 2 A= ∫𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑥
1

𝑎 𝑥
Centroid: A= ∫0 𝑏(1 − (𝑎)2 )𝑑𝑥

2𝑎𝑏
A𝑥̄ = ∫𝑥𝑑𝐴 𝐴= 3

𝑟
A𝑥̄ = ∫0 𝑥 𝑦𝑑𝑥 Centroid:
𝑟
𝑥̄ = ∫0 𝑥 (√𝑟 2 − 𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 A𝑥̄ = ∫𝑥𝑑𝐴

1
1 𝑟 1 𝑏1 𝑦2
𝑥̄ = − 2 ∫0 (𝑟 2 − 𝑥 2 )2 (−2𝑥𝑑𝑥) 𝑥̄ = 𝐴 ∫0 2 𝑎2 (1 − 𝑏 2)²dy

3 𝑟
1 2 𝑎2 2𝑦 3 𝑦5
𝜋𝑟 2 𝑥̄ = [3 (𝑟 2 − 𝑥 2 )2 ] 𝑥̄ = 2𝐴 [𝑦 − 3𝑏 2 + 5𝑏 4]
4 0

3
4𝑟 𝑥̄ = 𝑎
𝑥̄ = 5
3𝜋

Aȳ = ∫𝑦𝑑𝐴 Aȳ = ∫𝑦𝑑𝐴

1 𝑟 1 𝑏 𝑦 2
ȳ = 2 ∫0 𝑟2 − 𝑥2 𝑑𝑥 ȳ = 𝐴 ∫0 (𝑦)(𝑎) (1 − 𝑏 ) 𝑑𝑦

𝑟 𝑏
1 1 𝑥3 𝑎 𝑦2 𝑦4
𝜋𝑟 2 ȳ = 2 [𝑟 2 𝑥 − ] ȳ = 𝐴 [ 2 − 4𝑏 2]
4 3 0 0

4𝑟 3
ȳ= ȳ= 𝑏
3𝜋 8

Plate No.1 – Plane Areas and Solids of Revolution

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INTECAL 125 – INTEGRAL CALCULUS

Fig 4.1 Graph of Half of the Parabola

𝒃 𝒏+𝟏
5.General Spandrel (𝒚 = 𝒌𝒙𝒏 ), (𝒙̄ = 𝒏+𝟐) 𝒂𝒏𝒅 (ȳ = 𝟒𝒏+𝟐 𝒉)

Area:
𝑥
A= ∫𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑥
1

𝑏
A = ∫0 𝑘𝑥𝑛 𝑑𝑥

𝑏
xn+1
A = k [ 𝑛+1 ]
0

kbn+1
A= 𝑛+1

Centroid: Fig 5.1 Graph of General Spandrel

A𝑥̄ = ∫𝑥𝑑𝐴

𝑏
𝑥̄ = ∫0 𝑥(𝑘𝑥𝑛 ) 𝑑𝑥

𝑏
𝑥̄ = 𝑘 ∫0 𝑥𝑛+1 𝑑𝑥

𝑏
kbn+1 𝑥𝑛+2
𝑥̄ = 𝑘 [ 𝑛+2 ]
𝑛+1 0

𝑏
𝑥̄ =
𝑛+2

Aȳ = ∫𝑦𝑑𝐴

1 𝑏
ȳ = 2 ∫0 (𝑘𝑥𝑛 )2 𝑑𝑥

𝑏
kbn+1 1 2 𝑥2𝑛+1
ȳ = 2 (𝑘 ) [ 2𝑛+1 ]
𝑛+1 0

𝑛+1
ȳ= ℎ
4𝑛 + 2

Plate No.1 – Plane Areas and Solids of Revolution

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INTECAL 125 – INTEGRAL CALCULUS

PART 2 SOLUTION:

1.Moment of Inertia for Rectangle

a.Centroidal axes. b.About x and y axis

Ix = ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝐴 Ix = ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝐴
ℎ
ℎ
Ix = ∫2ℎ(𝑦 2 )𝑏 𝑑𝑦 Ix = ∫0 𝑦 2 𝑏𝑑𝑦
−2

ℎ ℎ
𝑏
Ix = 𝑏 ∫2ℎ(𝑦 2 ) 𝑑𝑦 Ix = [3 𝑦 3 + 𝐶]
−2 0

𝑦3 2
ℎ
𝑏ℎ3
Ix = 𝑏 [ 3 ] 𝐼𝑥 =
−2
ℎ 3

𝐼𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝐴
𝑏ℎ3
𝐼𝑥 =
12 𝑏
𝐼𝑦 = ∫0 (𝑥 2 )ℎ 𝑑𝑥

ℎ ℎ
𝐼𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝐴 𝐼𝑦 = [3 𝑥 3 + 𝐶]
0

𝑏
𝐼𝑦 = ∫2𝑏(𝑥 2 )ℎ 𝑑𝑥 ℎ𝑏3
−2 𝐼𝑦 =
3
𝑏
𝐼𝑦 = ℎ ∫2𝑏(𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥
−2

𝑏
𝑥3 2
𝐼𝑦 = ℎ[3] 𝑏
− 2

ℎ𝑏3
𝐼𝑦 =
12

Plate No.1 – Plane Areas and Solids of Revolution

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INTECAL 125 – INTEGRAL CALCULUS

2. Moment of Inertia for Right Triangle

a.About its centroidal axes. b.About x and y axis

Ix = A(d)2 Ix = ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝐴

𝑏ℎ 3 1 ℎ2 ℎ 𝑏
𝐼𝑥 = − 2 𝑏ℎ ( 9 ) Ix = ∫0 𝑦 2 (− ℎ 𝑦 + 𝑏 − 0) 𝑑𝑦
12

bh3 3 bh3 2 ℎ 𝑏
Ix = (3) − (2) Ix = ∫0 (− ℎ 𝑦 3 + 𝑏𝑦 2 ) 𝑑𝑦
12 18

𝑏 𝑏 ℎ
𝑏ℎ3 Ix = [4ℎ 𝑦 4 + 3 𝑦 3 + 𝐶]
𝐼𝑥 = 0
36
𝑏ℎ3
𝐼𝑥 =
12

Iy = A(d)2 𝐼𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝐴

bh3 1 h2 𝑏 ℎ
Iy = − 2 bh ( 9 ) 𝐼𝑦 = ∫0 (− 𝑏 𝑥 3 + ℎ𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥
12

bh3 3 bh3 2 ℎ ℎ 𝑏
Iy = ( ) − ( ) 𝐼𝑦 = [− 4𝑏 𝑥 4 + 3 𝑥 3 + 𝐶]
12 3 18 2 0

ℎ𝑏3
Iy = ℎ𝑏 3
36 𝐼𝑦 =
12

3.Moment of Inertia of Circle

Plate No.1 – Plane Areas and Solids of Revolution

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INTECAL 125 – INTEGRAL CALCULUS

Ix = 𝐼𝑦 = ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝐴
𝜋
𝑅
= 4 ∫02 ∫0 sin2 Ø 𝑟𝑑𝑟 𝑑Ø
𝜋
𝑅
= 4 ∫0 𝑟 3 𝑑𝑟 ∫02 sin2 Ø 𝑑Ø
𝜋
1 𝑅 Ø sin(2Ø) 2
= 4 [4 𝑟 4 ] [2 − ]
0 4 0

R4 𝜋
𝐼𝑥 = 𝐼𝑦 =
4

4.Moment of Inertia of Semi Circle

a.About its Centroidal axes 𝐼𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝐴

𝜋 𝑅
Ix = ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝐴 𝐼𝑦 = ∫0 ∫0 (𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠Ø)2 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑Ø

𝜋 𝑅 𝜋 𝑅
𝐼𝑥 =∫0 ∫0 (𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛Ø)2 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑Ø 𝐼𝑦 =∫0 ∫0 𝑟 3 cos2 Ø 𝑟𝑑Ø

𝜋 𝑅 𝑅
𝐼𝑥 =∫0 ∫0 𝑟 3 sin2 Ø 𝑟𝑑Ø Iy = ∫0 𝑟 3 𝑑𝑟

𝑅 𝜋
Ix = ∫0 𝑟 3 𝑑𝑟 𝐼𝑦 =∫0 cos2 Ø 𝑑Ø

R
𝜋 R4 1 cos(2Ø) 𝜋
𝐼𝑥 =∫0 sin2 Ø 𝑑Ø Iy = [ 4 ] [Ø − ]
0 2 2 0

R4
R
1 sin(2Ø) 𝜋 𝜋𝑅4 8𝑅4
Ix = [ 4 ] 2 [Ø − ] 𝐼𝑦 = −
0 2 0 8 9𝜋

𝜋𝑅4 8𝑅4
𝐼𝑥 = −
8 9𝜋

Plate No.1 – Plane Areas and Solids of Revolution

Page 8