GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Engineering

Level: UG
Subject Code: BE03024021
Subject Name: Electrical Machines and Applications- I

w. e. f. Academic Year: 2024-25

Semester: 3
Category of the Course: PCC

Prerequisite: Fundamental of Electrical Engineering

Rationale: Electric machine is an essential device to Power Electronics engineering because it
powers industry, facilitates technological developments, and converts energy. Students
who successfully complete this course will have the fundamentals of electromechanical
energy conversion as well as crucial knowledge of principle and operation of machines
like motors, generators, and transformers.
Course Outcome:
After Completion of the Course, the student will be able to:
Sr. No. Course Outcomes
1 Elaborate on the principle of electromechanical energy conversion.
Describe the constructional details, principle of operation, testing and applications of
2
electrical machine.
3 Analyze the performance of DC machines, transformers and special electrical machine.
Evaluate the operating parameters of Electrical machines under various load conditions and
4
select the proper types of electrical machines for the different industrial applications.

Teaching and Examination Scheme:

Teaching - Learning Scheme

Assessment Pattern and Marks
(in Hours per Semester) Total
Total
Credits Theory Tutorial / Practical
TW/ Marks
L T P TH = TH/30 PA PA/ TW/ ESE
SL ESE (E)
(M) (I) SL (I) (V)
45 0 30 45 120 04 70 30 20 30 50 200
Where L = Lecture, T= Tutorial, P= Practical, TW/SL = Term-Work / Self-Learning, TH = Total Hours, ESE =
End-Semester Examination, PA = Progressive Assessment

Course Content:
Unit No. of % of
Content
No. Hours Weightage
1. Introduction: Principle of Electromechanical Energy conversion, forces 6 10
and torque in magnetic field systems – energy balance, energy and force
in a singly excited magnetic field system, determination of magnetic force,
Co-energy, multi excited magnetic field systems.

w.e.f. 2024-25 https://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 1 of 7

 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Engineering
Level: UG
Subject Code: BE03024021
Subject Name: Electrical Machines and Applications- I

Unit No. of % of
Content
No. Hours Weightage
2. DC Generators: Principle of operation, Action of commutator, 8 20
constructional features, armature windings, lap and wave windings,
simplex and multiplex windings, use of laminated armature, E. M.F.
Equation, Methods of Excitation: separately excited and self-excited
generators, Types of DC generators, build-up of E.M.F., critical field
resistance and critical speed, causes for failure to self-excite and remedial
measures, Armature reaction: Cross magnetizing and demagnetizing
AT/pole, compensating winding, commutation, reactance voltage,
methods of improving commutation, characteristics of generators,
separately Excited DC generator, parallel operation of DC generators, use
of equalizer bar and cross connection of field windings, load sharing,
Applications.
3. DC Motors: Principle of operation, Back E.M.F., Torque equation, Types 8 20
of DC motors, characteristics and application of shunt, series and
compound motors, Armature reaction and commutation, Starting of DC
motor, Principle of operation of 3 point and 4 point starters, Constant &
Variable losses, calculation of efficiency, condition for maximum
efficiency. Speed control of DC Motors: Armature voltage and field flux
control methods, Ward Leonard method. Methods of Testing: direct,
indirect and regenerative testing, brake test, Swinburne’s test, Load test,
Hopkinson’s test, Field’s test, Retardation test, separation of stray losses
in a DC motor test, Types of Electric Breaking, Applications.

4. Single Phase Transformers: Single phase transformer, Constructional 8 20

details, Core, windings, Insulation, principle of operation, emf equation,
magnetizing current and core losses, no load and on load operation, Phasor
diagram, equivalent circuit, losses and efficiency, condition for maximum
efficiency, voltage regulation, approximate expression for voltage
regulation, Losses in Transformers, open circuit and short circuit tests,
Sumpner’s test, Transformer efficiency, Condition for maximum
efficiency, All-day efficiency, Auto transformer, Inrush of switching
currents, harmonics in single phase transformers, magnetizing current
wave form, Parallel operation of transformers, Applications.

w.e.f. 2024-25 https://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 2 of 7

 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Engineering
Level: UG
Subject Code: BE03024021
Subject Name: Electrical Machines and Applications- I

Unit No. of % of
Content
No. Hours Weightage
5. Three phase Transformer: Constructional features of three phase 8 20
transformers – three phase connection of transformers, Delta-Delta, Star-
Star, Delta-Star, Star-Delta, Zigzag, Scott connection, open delta
connection, three phase to six phase connection, three phase to twelve-
phase connection, oscillating neutral, tertiary winding, three winding
transformer, equal and unequal turns ratio, parallel operation, load
sharing. Distribution transformers, all day efficiency, Autotransformers,
saving of copper, applications, tap- changing transformers, Instrument
Transformer, Current Transformer, Difference between Current
Transformer and Power Transformer cooling of transformers,
Applications.
6. Special Electrical Machine: 5 10
Stepper Motor: Types of Stepper Motor – torque equation –
Characteristics of stepper motor – Comparison of stepper motor –
Application.
PMDC Motor: Types of PMDC and PMBLDC – torque equation and
equivalent circuit – Performance Characteristics of PMDC – Comparison
of PMDC and PMBLDC – Application.
Total 45 100
Suggested Specification Table with Marks (Theory):
Distribution of Theory Marks (%)
R Level U Level A Level N Level E Level C Level
40 20 20 15 05 0
Where R: Remember; U: Understanding; A: Application, N: Analyse and E: Evaluate C: Create (as per
Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy)

References/Suggested Learning Resources:

(a) Books:

Sr. Title
No.
1 A. E. Fitzgerald and C. Kingsley, "Electric Machinery”, New York, McGraw Hill Education,
2013.
2 P. S. Bimbhra, “Electrical Machinery”, Khanna Publishers, 2011.
3 E. G. Janardanan “Special Electrical Machine”, PHI, 2019
4 I. J. Nagrath and D. P. Kothari, “Electric Machines”, McGraw Hill Education, 2010.
w.e.f. 2024-25 https://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 3 of 7
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Engineering
Level: UG
Subject Code: BE03024021
Subject Name: Electrical Machines and Applications- I

5 S K Bhattacharya, “Electrical Machines”, Tata Mc Graw Hill, New Delhi

6 S K Sahdev, “Electrical Machines”, Unique International Publications, Jalandhar

(b) Open source software and website:

1. https://nptel.ac.in/
2. https://ems-iitr.vlabs.ac.in/List%20of%20experiments.html

Suggested Course Practical List:

Sr. List of Experiment
No.
1 To obtain Magnetizing Characteristics, Internal & External Characteristic of Self Excited DC
Shunt Generator. Also, obtain the critical filed resistance of the machine from magnetizing
Characteristics.
2 To conduct direct load test on a D.C. compound generator with a) Shunt field alone b)
Cumulative and differential compounding for short and long shunt connections.
3 To obtain Speed-Torque characteristics of DC Series Motor
4 To obtain Speed-Torque characteristics of DC Shunt Motor.
5 To operate two single phase transformers of different KVA ratings in parallel and plot the
variation of currents shared by each transformer versus load current.
6 To perform Open Circuit and Short Circuit Test on a transformer and find it’s efficient and
regulation. Speed control of DC Shunt Motor using a) Armature control and b) field control
methods
7 To conduct Sumpner’s test on two identical single-phase transformers and determine their
efficiency at various loads.
8 To make Scott connection of two single-phase transformer and to verify the current relation by
drawing phasor diagrams for (a) Balanced and (b) Unbalanced resistive loads.
9 To conduct open circuit and short circuit test on a three phase three winding transformer and
determine the equivalent circuit parameters.
10 To Study stepper motor control using ATMEGA-16 Microcontroller.
11 To study characteristics of PMDC Motor.

List of Laboratory/Learning Resources Required:

Learning website:
1. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-685-electric-machines-fall-2013/pages/course-notes/
2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108105017/
3. http://vlabs.iitkgp.ac.in/rtes/exp10/index.html
(Link for Stepper Motor Control Using ATMEGA-16 Microcontroller)
4. https://sites.google.com/a/vgecg.ac.in/powerelectronics/academic/semester_iii/electrical-machine-and-
application-3132407

w.e.f. 2024-25 https://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 4 of 7

 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Engineering
Level: UG
Subject Code: BE03024021
Subject Name: Electrical Machines and Applications- I

Any Other:

Preparation of power-point slides, which include videos, animations, pictures, graphics for better understanding
theory and practical work. The faculty will allocate chapters/ parts of chapters to groups of students so that the
entire syllabus to be covered. The power-point slides should be put up on the web site of the College/ Institute,
along with the names of the students of the group, the name of the faculty, Department and College on the first
slide. The best three works should submit to GTU.

 Activities suggested under self learning

Sl. Name of the activity No. of hours Evaluation Criteria
No.
1. Industry/Research laboratory visit Visit = 5h, Report Based on report submitted.
preparation = 5h Report should contain
Total = 10h observations and calculations
based on industry/ lab data.
2. Technical Video based learning Duration of video = 5h Report /presentation based
related to the subject Report preparation = 5h on the video learning
Total = 10h outcomes.
3. Assignment writing. Numericals 5 assignments of 2h each. Based on the assignment
based assignment is preferable. Total = 10h submitted.
4. Problem solving/Coding using C, 5 small coding based Based on the coding solution
C++, Python, SCILAB, assignment of 2h each. submitted.
MATLAB, MS-EXCEL or any Total = 10h
other relevant software
5. Self learning on-line course Minimum duration of the Examination based
course should be 10h. assessment at the end of
course. Based on the
certificate produced.
6. Complex problem solving Maximum 2 problem. Based on the depth of the
Study of the problem and solution submitted.
solution finding, Total =
10h
7 Videos on Industrial safety aspects Duration of video = 5h Based on quiz/report
based on subject Report preparation = 5h submitted
Total = 10h
8 Discussion on research paper 5 research paper = 20 h Summarize research paper
based on relevant subject and evaluation critical
parameters

w.e.f. 2024-25 https://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 5 of 7

 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Engineering
Level: UG
Subject Code: BE03024021
Subject Name: Electrical Machines and Applications- I

9. Poster/chart/power point Duration = 6 h Based on poster/chart

preparation on technical topics preparation and presentation
skills
10 Working/non-working model on Working = 12 h Based on inter
technical topics Non- working = 8 h department/external
evaluation
11 Industrial exposure for 2-3 days to Duration = 15 h for Based on evaluation of
observe and provide tentative industrial exposure critical problems and
solutions on solutions
society/environment/health/any Problem identification
other issue and tentative solution =
10 h
Total = 20 h
12 Group Discussion on Duration = 1 h each Based on performance in
emerging/trending technical topics group discussion, technical
based on subject depth, knowledge etc.
13. Real world case studies based Duration of data Based on in-depth study,
learning collection/study = 5h technical depth, data
Report preparation = 5h collected, fact finding, etc.
Total = 10h
14. Application/Software development Duration = 10 h Depending on the
complexity of the
Application/Software
15 Blog or Technical Article Writing 10h (Research – 6h, Based on originality,
Writing – 4h) technical content, references
cited, and clarity of
communication.
16 Annotated Video Explanation of 10h (Preparation + Based on accuracy of
Concept/Problem Recording + Submission) explanation, clarity, and
presentation style.
17 Online Technical Multiple quizzes Based on quiz scores and
Quizzes/Simulations summing up to 10h reflection report after each
quiz.
18 Tech Blog/YouTube Channel 10h (Content curation + Summary report on curated
Curation Analysis) content and learning
outcomes.

19 Patent Search and Innovation Gap 10h (Search + Report) Based on number of relevant
Identification patents analyzed and
identification of innovation
scope.

w.e.f. 2024-25 https://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 6 of 7

 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Engineering
Level: UG
Subject Code: BE03024021
Subject Name: Electrical Machines and Applications- I

20 Maintenance or Troubleshooting 10h (For example: lab Based on documented cases,

Logbook instruments, computer approach, and resolution.
hardware)

Note:
 All the suggested activity should be related to the subject.
 The number of hours is suggestive. Faculty can sub-divide the number of hours based on the activity.
However, total number of hours is fixed.
 Rubrics for the evaluation can be prepared by the faculty.
 All records pertaining to the evaluation and assessment of self-learning activities must be properly
maintained and preserved at the institute level. These records should be made available to the
university upon request.
 Institutes are encouraged to utilize digital platforms, such as Microsoft Teams, for effective record-
keeping and to ensure transparency in the evaluation and assessment of self-learning activities.

*******

w.e.f. 2024-25 https://syllabus.gtu.ac.in/ Page 7 of 7