Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Division of Surigao del Norte

SCHOOL: CAGDIANAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL GRADE LEVEL: 10

TEACHER: LEARNING AREA: SCIENCE
TEACHING
NOVEMBER 18-21, 2024 QUARTER: 2ND
DATES :

DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE 10

I.
Objectives:
A. Explain the operation of a simple Electric motor and Generator.
B. Identify some uses of both Electric Motor and Generators.
C.Illustrate the nature of the Transformation of Energy between Electric Motor and Generator.

II.
Subject Matter
A. Topic: Simple Electric Motor and Generator
B. Materials: Science Learner's Material 10 Module, Power point Presentation
C. Reference: Science Learner's Material 10

III.
Learning Development
Teacher’s Activities Student Activities

A. Preliminary Activity
1. Prayer
Everyone please stand up. Let us
start our day with a prayer. Of course, Ma’am. Let us bow our
STUDENT 1 please lead a heads and close our eyes. Dear
prayer. Heavenly Father, thank you for this
new day and for bringing us all
together in this classroom. Today, we
pray for guidance and knowledge as we
embark on our educational journey. We
ask for your wisdom to shine upon us
like the stars in the night sky. Amen.

2. Greeting
Now, let's greet each other. How's Good morning Ma’am
everyone feeling today? I hope
you all had a great day today

3. Classroom Conditioning
Now, let's take a moment to
ensure our classroom is ready for (students will check under their seat
learning. Please pick up any trash and make sure everything okay)
that may be beside or under your
seat. Let's make sure our
environment is clean and
comfortable for everyone.

Thank you, everyone. Please have

a seat and make yourself (Students will sit in their chairs.)
comfortable.

B. Recall
Before we start our new lesson,
let’s have a quick review from
our previous lesson, the Uses of Mirrors . Are
you guys ready? Yes, Ma’am

So this is the first one, what kind of mirror that also

known as a converging mirror has reflecting surface
which collects light inward and focus them to one
focal point, this type of mirror is what the dentist
used in magnifying the area behind your teeth to
check on cavities and tooth decay.

Ma’am it’s Concave mirror.

Very good, What is Meniscus Lenses and
Hyperopia (farsightedness) Correction?
Ma’am Hyperopia is the eye condition that
enables someone to see distant object
clearly but makes nearby object seem
blurry. This condition is due to the inability
one’s eyes to focus on objects closer to
the eyes. A person with hyperopia has a
shortened eyeball, in which the retina lies
closer than usual to the cornea and lens.

What is Concave Lenses and Myopia

(nearsightedness) Correction? Concave lenses, such as eyeglasses and
contact lenses are used in correcting
myopia (nearsightedness). Myopia is a
condition in which light rays focus in front
of the eye’s retina instead of, on the
retina.
Excellent! Everyone. It seems
like most of the class have
remembered the previous
discussion, now let’s continue.

C. Motivation

C. Begin by asking students the key concepts from

specifically related to Simple Electric Motor and
Generator

You have probably experienced when at one

moment you’re watching your
favorite program on TV and on the next minute
you’re groping in the dark because
of power interruption. At such time, you may have
wished you had a candle or a
flashlight so that you could see in the dark.

What is a generator?
Ma’am generator converts Mechanical
Energy to Electrical Energy. And also It
produces an electric current when a coil of
wire is wrapped around an iron core and
rotated near a magnet.
Very good. An electric generator is a device that
converts mechanical energy obtained from an
external source into electrical energy as the output.

D. Development of the Lesson

Modern generators can be attributed to Michael

Faraday’s principle of
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION. Faraday (student listen attentively)
discovered that when a conductor moves in a
magnetic field, electrical charges could be created
and directed to create a flow of current. At its most
basic, an electrical generator is nothing
more than an electromagnet – moving wire
near a magnet to direct the flow of electricity.
It’s similar to how a pump pushes water
through a pipe.
How water, wind, and steam make electricity
through generator?

1. Water – Hydropower plants capture the energy of

falling water to generate
electricity. A turbine converts the kinetic energy of
the falling water into mechanical
energy. Then a generator converts the mechanical
energy from the turbine into
electrical energy.

2. Wind - The wind turns the blades of the windmill,

known as the turbine, which,
in turn, spins the shaft that turns the coil inside the
magnet, known as the generator,
and it produces the electricity.

3. Fossil Fuel/Steam/Heat - Oil is burned to heat

water which makes steam. Steam
moves the turbine blades that turn a shaft inside the
generator. The shaft spins the
coil of wire inside a magnet in the generator that
produces a current of electricity.

What are the main components of a DC generator?

Ma’am A DC generator is an electrical

machine which converts mechanical
energy into direct current electricity.

Okay very good.

1. Stator - The main function of the stator is to
provide magnetic fields where the coil spins. A stator
includes two magnets with opposite polarity facing
each other. These magnets are located to fit in the
region of the rotor.
2. Rotor - A rotor in a DC machine includes slotted
iron laminations with slots that are stacked to shape
a cylindrical armature core. The function of the
lamination is to decrease the loss caused due to
“Eddy Current”.
3. Commutator - A commutator works like a rectifier
that changes AC voltage to DC voltage within the
armature winding. It is designed with a copper
segment, and each copper segment is protected
from each other with the help of mica sheets. It is
located on the shaft of the machine.
4. Brushes – The Brushes are in constant contact
with the commutator and are attached to the wires
leading from the generator. The commutator spins
while the brushes remain stationary, transferring
current from the commutator.
5. Shaft – The shaft transfers mechanical energy to
the generator and turns the coil
through the magnetic field. The shaft may be turned
by a turbine that operates with
water, steam or air, or by other means.

What is the difference between the AC Generator

and the DC Generator? Ma’am, AC generator produces AC
electrical power whereas DC generator
produces DC electrical power
 In DC generator the current flows in one
direction whereas in the AC generators
current reverses periodically.
 In DC generator split rings are used
they wear out quickly in AC generator
slip rings are used, so they have high
efficiency.
 AC generators are used for small
domestic applications whereas DC
generators used to power large motors.

Very good. How about What are the top Uses of

Generator?
Ma’am,
 Back -Up power for your house
 Stand-by power for businesses
 Temporary power in a construction site
 Permanent power to a farm
 Helping main source of electricity to
supply the total power required
 Pop concerts, events, and exhibitions
Excellent. ELECTRIC MOTOR -Anything that  Caravans/Camping in remote locations
changes electricity into motion, meaning electrical Outdoor catering facilities
energy into mechanical energy is called an electric
Motor.

Basic Principles
Danish physicist HANS CHRISTIAN ØRSTED
began a new scientific era when he discovered
that electricity and magnetism are linked. He
showed by experiment that an electric current
flowing through a wire could move a nearby
magnet. The discovery of ELECTROMAGNETISM
set the stage for the eventual
development of our modern technology-based world.

How do Electric Motors work?

Ma’am Motors work through the principles

of ELECTROMAGNETISM. If you run
electricity through a wire, it creates a
magnetic field. If you coil the wire around
a rod and run electricity through the wire,
it creates a magnetic
field around the rod. One end of the rod
will have a north magnetic pole and the
other will have a south pole.
Very good. What are the parts of an electric motor?

Electric motor designs can vary quite

a lot, though in general they have three
main parts: a rotor, a stator and a
commutator. These three parts use the
attractive and repulsive forces of
electromagnetism, causing the motor to
spin continually as long as it receives a
steady flow of electric current.
Very good. Now what is the Difference between the
AC Motor and the DC Motor?

 In the AC Motor, the source of power is

AC mains supply whereas in DC motor
power is obtained from batteries.
 In AC motors no commutators and
brushes are used whereas in DC motors
these play an important part in their
operation.
 In AC motors the armature is stationary
and the magnetic field rotates
whereas in DC motors it is vice versa.
 AC motors are suitable for large
industrial applications whereas DC motors
are suitable for domestic applications.
APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRIC MOTOR
Electric motors are extremely important in modern-
day life. They are used in food processors, vacuum
cleaners, dishwashers, computer printers, fax
machines, video recorders, machine tools, printing
presses, automobiles, subway systems, sewage
treatment plants, and water pumping stations, to
mention only a few
applications.
E. Generalization

What are the similarities and differences between

electric motor and generator?
 In the AC Motor, the source of power is
AC mains supply whereas in DC motor
power is obtained from batteries.
 In AC motors no commutators and
brushes are used whereas in DC motors
these play an important part in their
operation.
 In AC motors the armature is stationary
and the magnetic field rotates
whereas in DC motors it is vice versa.
 AC motors are suitable for large
industrial applications whereas DC motors
are suitable for domestic applications.

How does electric motor and generator work?

Motors work through the principles of
ELECTROMAGNETISM. If you run
electricity through a wire, it creates a
magnetic field. If you coil the wire
around a rod and run electricity through
the wire, it creates a magnetic
field around the rod. One end of the rod
will have a north magnetic pole
and the other will have a south pole.
Opposite poles attract one another,
like poles repel. When you surround that
rod with other magnets, the rod
will rotate from the attractive and repulsive
F. Evaluation forces.

Directions: Choose the best answer from the choices

in the parenthesis. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Electricity is produced in the (motor, generator).
2. Electric bike, where electric current is supplied to
the machine as a result of
a movement, is an example of (motor, generator)
3. The generator transforms mechanical into
(radiant, electrical) energy, whereas
electric motor does the opposite.
4. Both motor and generator have stator and
(commutator, winding poles).
5. The motor converts electrical energy into
(mechanical, chemical) energy,
whereas generator does the opposite.
G. Assignment:

Prepared by: Checked by: