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 Excel Dashboards

About the Tutorial

Dashboards are popular visual displays of data, mostly comprising of charts / graphs with
striking attention seeking components. There are various tools available in the market to
create dashboards. If you are a Microsoft Office user with reasonably good mastery on
Excel, then creating dashboards in Excel is a wise decision. This is because Microsoft has
introduced several powerful features in Excel, making your job of handling large datasets
from various data sources simple and less tiresome.

In this tutorial, you will learn how to use Excel features effectively in dashboards. They
include features that can make a dashboard dynamic and interactive.

Audience
This tutorial has been designed for all those readers who depend heavily on MS-Excel to
prepare charts, tables, and professional reports that involve complex data. It will help all
those readers who use MS-Excel regularly to analyze data.

Once you get an understanding of the several Excel features that come handy in creating
Excel dashboards, creating dashboards will become a trivial task for you.

Prerequisites
Before proceeding with this tutorial, the reader should have a preliminary understanding
of Excel workbooks, Excel charts, Excel PivotTables, Excel Data Model, Excel Power
PivotTables and Power PivotCharts and Excel Power View reports. All these topics are
available as full-fledged tutorials in our tutorials library.

Copyright & Disclaimer

 Copyright 2016 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.

All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I)
Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish
any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent
of the publisher.

We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as
possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt.
Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our
website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or
in this tutorial, please notify us at [email protected]

i
 Excel Dashboards

Table of Contents
About the Tutorial ............................................................................................................................................ i
Audience ........................................................................................................................................................... i
Prerequisites ..................................................................................................................................................... i
Copyright & Disclaimer ..................................................................................................................................... i
Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................ ii

1. Dashboards ─ Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1

Dashboard – Definition.................................................................................................................................... 2
Key Metrics for Dashboard .............................................................................................................................. 2
Dashboard Benefits ......................................................................................................................................... 3
Types of Dashboards ....................................................................................................................................... 3
Dashboard Data and Formats .......................................................................................................................... 6
Live Data on Dashboards ................................................................................................................................. 6

2. Dashboards ─ Excel Features to Create Dashboards .................................................................................. 7

Excel Tables ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
Sparklines ........................................................................................................................................................ 7
Conditional Formatting ................................................................................................................................... 8
Excel Charts ..................................................................................................................................................... 9
Excel Camera ................................................................................................................................................. 15
Excel PivotTables ........................................................................................................................................... 15
Dynamic Dashboard Elements with Interactive Controls .............................................................................. 17
Excel Power PivotTables and Power PivotCharts .......................................................................................... 18
Excel Power View Reports ............................................................................................................................. 19
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) ................................................................................................................ 20

3. Dashboards ─ Conditional Formatting ..................................................................................................... 21

Highlighting Cells ........................................................................................................................................... 21
Top / Bottom Rules ........................................................................................................................................ 23
Data Bars ....................................................................................................................................................... 25
Color Scales ................................................................................................................................................... 27
Icon Sets ........................................................................................................................................................ 30
Using Custom Rules ....................................................................................................................................... 31
Managing Conditional Formatting Rules ....................................................................................................... 33

4. Dashboards ─ Excel Charts ...................................................................................................................... 35

Types of Charts .............................................................................................................................................. 35
Selecting the Appropriate Chart Type ........................................................................................................... 42
Showing Trends with Sparklines in Tables ..................................................................................................... 43
Using Combo Charts for Comparisons ........................................................................................................... 45
Fine Tuning Charts Quickly ............................................................................................................................ 45
Using Aesthetic Data Labels .......................................................................................................................... 49
Using Trendlines in Charts ............................................................................................................................. 53
Using Shapes in Charts .................................................................................................................................. 54
Using Cylinders, Cones, and Pyramids ........................................................................................................... 55
Using Pictures in Charts ................................................................................................................................. 57

ii
 Excel Dashboards

5. Dashboards ─ Interactive Controls .......................................................................................................... 58

Scroll Bars in Dashboards .............................................................................................................................. 59
Creating a Scrollbar ....................................................................................................................................... 61
Creating a Dynamic and Interactive Target Line ........................................................................................... 66
Excel Option (Radio) Buttons ......................................................................................................................... 73
Excel Checkboxes ........................................................................................................................................... 81

6. Dashboards ─ Advanced Excel Charts ...................................................................................................... 86

Types of Advanced Excel Charts .................................................................................................................... 86
Displaying Quarterly Performance with Bullet Charts ................................................................................... 91
Displaying Profit % Region-Wise with Waffle Charts ..................................................................................... 91

7. Dashboards ─ Excel PivotTables .............................................................................................................. 93

Creating a PivotTable..................................................................................................................................... 93
Filtering Data in PivotTable ........................................................................................................................... 97
Using Slicers in PivotTable ........................................................................................................................... 100

8. Dashboards ─ Power PivotTables & Power PivotCharts ........................................................................ 103

Uses of Power Pivot ..................................................................................................................................... 103
Differences between PivotTable and Power PivotTable ............................................................................. 103
Creating a Power PivotTable ....................................................................................................................... 103
Creating a Power PivotChart ....................................................................................................................... 107
Table and Chart Combinations .................................................................................................................... 112
Hierarchies in Power Pivot .......................................................................................................................... 113
Calculations Using Hierarchy in Power PivotTables .................................................................................... 117
Drilling Up and Drilling Down a Hierarchy ................................................................................................... 119
Using a Common Slicer ................................................................................................................................ 121
Aesthetic Reports for Dashboards ............................................................................................................... 125

9. Dashboards ─ Power View Reports ....................................................................................................... 127

Power View Visualizations ........................................................................................................................... 127
Combination of Power View Visualizations ................................................................................................. 131
Interactive Nature of Charts in Power View Visualizations ......................................................................... 132
Slicers in Power View................................................................................................................................... 132
Tiles in Power View...................................................................................................................................... 133
Power View Reports .................................................................................................................................... 137

10. Dashboards ─ Key Performance Indicators ............................................................................................ 138

Components of a KPI ................................................................................................................................... 138
Base Value ................................................................................................................................................... 138
Target Value ................................................................................................................................................ 139
Status Thresholds and Status ...................................................................................................................... 139
Defining KPIs in Excel ................................................................................................................................... 139
Visualizing KPIs with Bullet Charts ............................................................................................................... 139
Visualizing KPIs with Power View ................................................................................................................ 140

11. Dashboards ─ Build a Dashboard .......................................................................................................... 142

Initial Preparation ........................................................................................................................................ 142
Organize the Data Source for the Excel Dashboard .................................................................................... 143
Set Up the Excel Dashboard Workbook....................................................................................................... 143
Prepare the Data for the Excel Dashboard .................................................................................................. 143
Select the Dashboard Components ............................................................................................................. 143
Identify Parts of the Dashboard for Highlighting ......................................................................................... 144
iii
 Excel Dashboards

Build the Dashboard .................................................................................................................................... 144

Using Excel Camera ..................................................................................................................................... 145
Date and Time Stamp on Excel Dashboard ................................................................................................. 148
Test, Sample, and Enhance the Dashboard ................................................................................................. 149
Share the Dashboard ................................................................................................................................... 150
Tips for Effective Excel Dashboards ............................................................................................................. 150

12. Dashboards ─ Examples ........................................................................................................................ 153

Example ─ Executive Dashboard ................................................................................................................. 153
Example ─ Project Management Dashboard ............................................................................................... 154
Example ─ Sales Management Dashboard .................................................................................................. 155
Example ─ Training Management Dashboard ............................................................................................. 156
Example ─ Service Management / Support Dashboard............................................................................... 157
Dashboards ─ More Example....................................................................................................................... 158

iv
 1. Dashboards ─ Introduction
Excel Dashboards

For those who are new to dashboards, it would be ideal to get an understanding of the
dashboards first. In this chapter, you will get to know the definition of dashboard, how it
got its name, how they became popular in IT, key metrics, benefits of dashboards, types
of dashboards, dashboard data and formats and live data on dashboards.

In information technology, a dashboard is an easy to read, often single page, real-time

user interface, showing a graphical presentation of the current status (snapshot) and
historical trends of an organization’s or department’s key performance indicators to enable
instantaneous and informed decisions to be made at a glance.

Dashboards take their name from

automobile dashboards. Under the hood
of your vehicle, there may be hundreds of
processes that impact the performance of
your vehicle. Your dashboard summarizes
these events using visualizations so that
you have the peace of mind to concentrate
on safely operating your vehicle. In a
similar way, business dashboards are used
to view and/or monitor the organization’s
performance with ease.

The idea of digital dashboards emerged

from the study of decision support systems
in the 1970s. Business dashboards were first developed in the 1980s, but due to the
problems with data refreshing and handling, they were put on the shelf. In the 1990s, the
information age quickened pace and data warehousing, and online analytical processing
(OLAP) allowed dashboards to function adequately. However, the use of dashboards did
not become popular until the rise of key performance indicators (KPIs), and the
introduction of Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton's Balanced Scorecard. Today, the
use of dashboards forms an important part of decision making.

1
 Excel Dashboards

In today’s business environment, the tendency is towards Big Data. Managing and
extracting real value from all that data is the key for modern business success. A well-
designed dashboard is a remarkable information management tool.

Dashboard – Definition
Stephen Few has defined a dashboard as “a visual display of the most important
information needed to achieve one or more objectives which fits entirely on a single
computer screen so it can be monitored at a glance”.

In the present terms, a dashboard can be defined as a data visualization tool that displays
the current status of metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs) simplifying complex
data sets to provide users with at a glance awareness of current performance.

Dashboards consolidate and arrange numbers and metrics on a single screen. They can
be tailored for a specific role and display metrics of a department or an organization on
the whole.

Dashboards can be static for a one-time view, or dynamic showing the consolidated results
of the data changes behind the screen. They can also be made interactive to display the
various segments of large data on a single screen.

Key Metrics for Dashboard

The core of the dashboard lies in the key metrics required for monitoring. Thus, based on
whether the dashboard is for an organization on the whole or for a department such as
sales, finance, human resources, production, etc. the key metrics that are required for
display vary.

Further, the key metrics for a dashboard also depend on the role of the recipients
(audience). For example, Executive (CEO, CIO, etc.), Operations Manager, Sales Head,
Sales Manager, etc. This is due to the fact that the primary goal of a dashboard in to
enable data visualization for decision making.

2
 Excel Dashboards

The success of a dashboard often depends on the metrics that were chosen for monitoring.
For example, Key Performance Indicators, Balanced Scorecards and Sales Performance
Figures could be the content appropriate in business dashboards.

Dashboard Benefits
Dashboards allow managers to monitor the contribution of the various departments in the
organization. To monitor the organization’s overall performance, dashboards allow you to
capture and report specific data points from each of the departments in the organization,
providing a snapshot of current performance and a comparison with earlier performance.

Benefits of dashboards include the following -

 Visual presentation of performance measures.

 Ability to identify and correct negative trends.
 Measurement of efficiencies/inefficiencies.
 Ability to generate detailed reports showing new trends.
 Ability to make more informed decisions based on collected data.
 Alignment of strategies and organizational goals.
 Instant visibility of all systems in total.
 Quick identification of data outliers and correlations.
 Time saving with the comprehensive data visualization as compared to running
multiple reports.

Types of Dashboards
Dashboards can be categorized based on their utility as follows –

 Strategic Dashboards
 Analytical Dashboards
 Operational Dashboards
 Informational Dashboards

Strategic Dashboards
Strategic dashboards support managers at any level in an organization for decision
making. They provide the snapshot of data, displaying the health and opportunities of the
business, focusing on the high level measures of performance and forecasts.

 Strategic dashboards require to have periodic and static snapshots of data (e.g.
daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly and annually). They need not be constantly
changing from one moment to the next and require an update at the specified
intervals of time.

 They portray only the high level data not necessarily giving the details.

 They can be interactive to facilitate comparisons and different views in case of large
data sets at the click of a button. But, it is not necessary to provide more interactive
features in these dashboards.

3
 Excel Dashboards

The following screenshot shows an example of an executive dashboard, displaying goals

and progress.

Analytical Dashboards
Analytical dashboards include more context, comparisons, and history. They focus on the
various facets of data required for analysis.

Analytical dashboards typically support interactions with the data, such as drilling down
into the underlying details and hence should be interactive.

Examples of analytical dashboards include Finance Management dashboard and Sales

Management dashboard.

4
 Excel Dashboards

Operational Dashboards
Operational dashboards are for constant monitoring of operations. They are often designed
differently from strategic or analytical dashboards and focus on monitoring of activities
and events that are constantly changing and might require attention and response at a
moment's notice. Thus, operational dashboards require live and up to date data available
at all times and hence should be dynamic.

An example of an operation dashboard could be a support-system dashboard,

displaying live data on service tickets that require an immediate action from the supervisor
on high-priority tickets.

Informational Dashboards
Informational dashboards are just for displaying figures, facts and/or statistics. They can
be either static or dynamic with live data but not interactive. For example, flights
arrival/departure information dashboard in an airport.

5
 Excel Dashboards

Dashboard Data and Formats

The data required for a dashboard depends on its category. The premise for the data is
that it should be relevant, error-free, up to date and live if required. The data can possibly
be from various and different sources and formats (Spreadsheets, Text Files, Web Pages,
Organizational Database, etc.).

The results displayed on a dashboard must be authentic, correct and apt. This is crucial
since the information on a dashboard would lead to decisions, actions and/or inferences.
Thus, along with the data being displayed, the medium chosen for the display is equally
important as it should not give an erroneous impression in the data portrayal. The focus
should be on the ability of the data visualization that would unambiguously project the
conclusions.

Live Data on Dashboards

As discussed earlier in this chapter, data warehousing and online analytical processing
(OLAP) is making it possible to refresh the dynamic dashboards instantly with live data. It
is also making those who design the dashboards be independent of the organization’s IT
department for obtaining data.

Thus, the dashboards have become the most sought after medium from top management
to a regular user.

6
 2. Dashboards ─ Excel Features to Excel
Create
Dashboards

Dashboards

You can create a dashboard in Excel using various features that help you make data
visualization prominent, which is the main characteristic of any dashboard. You can show
data in tables with conditional formatting to highlight the good and bad results, you can
summarize the data in charts and PivotTables, you can add interactive controls, and you
can define and manage KPIs and so on.

In this chapter, you will get to know the most important Excel features that come handy
when you are creating a dashboard. These features help you arrive at the dashboard
elements that simplify complex data and provide visual impact on the current status or
performance in real time.

Excel Tables
The most important component of any dashboard is its data. The data can be from a single
source or multiple sources. The data might be limited or might span several rows.

Excel tables are well suited to get the data into the workbook, in which you want to create
the dashboard. There are several ways to import data into Excel, by establishing
connections to various sources. This makes it possible to refresh the data in your workbook
whenever the source data gets updated.

You can name the Excel tables and use those names for referring your data in the
dashboard. This would be easier than referring the range of data with cell references.
These Excel tables are your working tables that contain the raw data.

You can arrive at a summary of the analysis of data and portray the same in an Excel table
that can be included as a part of a dashboard.

Analysis Summary in an Excel table

Sparklines
You can use Sparklines in your Excel tables to show trends over a period of time. Sparklines
are mini charts that you can place in single cells. You can use line charts, column charts
or win-loss charts to depict the trends based on your data.

7
 Excel Dashboards

Sparklines with Column Charts

Conditional Formatting
Conditional formatting is a big asset to highlight data in the tables. You can define the
rules by which you can vary color scales, data bars and/or icon sets. You can either use
the Excel defined rules or create your own rules, based on the applicability to your data.

Conditional Formatting with Color Scales

Conditional Formatting with Data Bars

8
 Excel Dashboards

Conditional Formatting with Icon Sets

You will learn these conditional formatting techniques in the chapter ─ Conditional
Formatting for Data Visualization.

Excel Charts
Excel charts are the most widely used data visualization components for dashboards. You
can get the audience view the data patterns, comparisons and trends in data sets of any
size strikingly adding color and styles.

Excel has several built-in chart types such as line, bar, column, scatter, bubble, pie,
doughnut, area, stock, surface and radar if you have Excel 2013.

9
Excel Dashboards

10
Excel Dashboards

11
Excel Dashboards

12
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odoratum.

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Poppy, double var.

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Zinnia, elegans.
of sorts.
[We have not been minute in the list of annuals, as they are
generally known, and a judicious selection adapted to this country
may be found in the catalogue of D. & C. Landreth, Philadelphia, or
that of Smith & Hogg, New York.]
 HARDY BIENNIALS.

Campanula spicàta.
" medium Canterbury-bells.
" " álbida, white.

Delphínium píctum.

Diaitàlis, Fox Glove.

" purpùrea.
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Honeysuckle, French.

Horned Poppy.

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Œnothèra, Evening Primrose.

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 TABLE OF SOILS.
The following compound of soils are adapted to the nature of the
Plants contained in this Work.
The figures attached to the first species of each Genus refer to
the Table of Soils, where the compost is in parts; and where any
figures occur in the same Genus, the species following are of the
same nature.
Number. Savanna. Loam. Leaf. Sand. Manure.
1 2 - 1 - - - - - -
2 - - 3 - 2 - - - -
3 - - 4 - - - 1 - 1
4 - - 2 - 1 - - - -
5 all - - - - - - - -
6 3 - 1 - - - - - -
7 - - 3 - 1 - 1 - -
8 4 - 1 - - - - - -
9 - - 2 - 2 - 1 - -
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15 - - 4 - 2 - 1 - -
16 4 - - - 1 - - - -
17 - - 5 - 1 - 1 - 1
18 - - 1 - 1 - 1 - -
19 1 - 1 - - - - - -
 REMARKS ON THE NATURE OF SOILS USED IN THE ABOVE
TABLE.
Savanna soil—is of a dark colour, with a large portion of white
sand incorporated with it, and is found frequently in New Jersey. A
mixture of two-thirds black earth from the woods, and one-third of
pure white sand, will be similar to it, and may be used as a
substitute, but is not exactly of the same nature.
Loam—is of a light brown colour, and is that from old pastures or
commons, which should lie one year, and be frequently turned
before using. It ought not to be from a clay bottom.
Leaf mould—is that which is to be found on the surface of the
ground in woods, and is the decomposed leaves. It may be termed
nearly of first rate importance in vegetation.
Sand—is a substance that is generally known, and that which is
found on the surface is decidedly the best. If it is from a pit, it must
be spread out, and frequently turned, that it may assimilate with the
atmosphere before using;—four months will be sufficient.
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particles. It will require two years, during which time it must be
often turned, and the longer it lays it will be the finer and more
congenial.
 HIBBERT AND BUIST,
EXOTIC NURSERYMEN AND FLORISTS,
Respectfully inform their friends and the public generally, that in
addition to the Garden in Thirteenth-street, they have purchased the
Nursery Grounds, Green-Houses, &c., established by the late B.
M'Mahon, Esq., on the township line, near the Germantown road,
about three miles from the city, where the propagation and
cultivation of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, Plants, and Flowers, will
hereafter be extensively carried on, and improved in accordance to
the increasing demand.
The Thirteenth-street Garden will be appropriated as a repository
for the sale of plants and the receiving of orders.
A splendid collection of Camellia Japonica, containing the most
approved and distinct varieties; also a very large selection of the
most esteemed and beautiful Roses. Their Dahlias were selected by
R. Buist, last year, from the finest collection in England, together
with many Ornamental and other Plants not surpassed for extent in
the Union.
Orders at either of the establishments, or per post, will be duly
received and punctually attended to.
Transcriber's notes:

All original typographical errors and inconsistencies other than the ones listed below are
preserved in this version.

Various spellings of Alstrœmèria have been made consistent.

Page vi: replaced "apppreciation' with "appreciation"
Page ix: replaced " and transplanting, 302" with " and transplanting, 320"
Page 16-17: removed "The ance."
Page 56: replaced "frequentl ycauses" with "frequently causes"
Page 63: Italicized "A. fœtida" for consistency.
Page 96: replaced comma with period in "much water,"
Page 109: replaced "sbrubs" with "shrubs"
Page 144: replaced "beatiful" with "beautiful"
Page 160: replaced "firt" with "first"
Page 163: replaced "it it" with "it is"
Page 187: Replaced second "No. 27." to "No. 29." to fix sequence
Page 224: replaced "end of the month," with "end of the month."
Page 227: replaced "phyllnthoídes" with "phyllanthoídes"
Page 280: replaced "seeif" with "see if"
Page 282: Replaced "intances" with "instances"
Page 304: Replaced "observatign" with "observation"
 *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN
FLOWER GARDEN DIRECTORY ***

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