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Important Formulas

This document contains a list of important mathematical formulas related to algebra, trigonometry, number theory, and geometry. Some key formulas include expressions for expanding and factorizing polynomials, trigonometric identities, rules for divisibility, properties of absolute value, and theorems regarding shapes such as quadrilaterals and trapezoids.

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Anurag Chokass
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
174 views

Important Formulas

This document contains a list of important mathematical formulas related to algebra, trigonometry, number theory, and geometry. Some key formulas include expressions for expanding and factorizing polynomials, trigonometric identities, rules for divisibility, properties of absolute value, and theorems regarding shapes such as quadrilaterals and trapezoids.

Uploaded by

Anurag Chokass
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IMPORTANT FORMULAS (a + b)(a b) = a2 b2 (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca) (a b)2 = a2 + b2 2ab (a + b + c + d)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + 2(ab + ac + ad + bc + bd + cd) (a b)3 = a3 b3 3ab(a b) (a b)(a2 + b2 m ab)

(a2 + b2 m ab) = a3 b3 (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 -ab bc ca) = a3 + b3 + c3 3abc = 1/2 (a + b + c)[(a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2] when a + b + c = 0, a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc (x + a)(x + b) (x + c) = x3 + (a + b + c) x2 + (ab + bc + ac)x + abc (x a)(x b) (x c) = x3 (a + b + c) x2 + (ab + bc + ac)x abc a4 + a2b2 + b4 = (a2 + ab + b2)( a2 ab + b2) a4 + b4 = (a2 2ab + b2)( a2 + 2ab + b2) an + bn = (a + b) (a b3 +.. + b n-1) (valid only if n is odd) n n n-1 n-2 n-3 2 n-4 a b = (a b) (a +a b+ a b +a b3 + + b n-1) {where n N) (a b)2n is always positive while -(a b)2n is always negative, for any real values of a and b a b+ a (a b)2n = (b a)2 and (a b)2n+1 = (b a)2n+1 if and are the roots of equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, roots of cx + bx + a = 0 are 1/ and 1/. if and are the roots of equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, roots of ax2 bx + c = 0 are - and -.

n-1 n-2 n-3

b2 a

n-4

n(n + l)(2n + 1) is always divisible by 6.

32n leaves remainder = 1 when divided by 8 n3 + (n + 1 )3 + (n + 2 )3 is always divisible by 9 102n


+ 1

+ 1 is always divisible by 11

n(n2- 1) is always divisible by 6 n2+ n is always even 23n-1 is always divisible by 7 152n-1 +l is always divisible by 16 n3 + 2n is always divisible by 3 34n 4
3n

is always divisible by 17

n! + 1 is not divisible by any number between 2 and n (where n! = n (n l)(n 2)(n 3).3.2.1) for eg 5! = 5.4.3.2.1 = 120 and similarly 10! = 10.9.8.2.1= 3628800 Product of n consecutive numbers is always divisible by n!. If n is a positive integer and p is a prime, then np n is divisible by p. |x| = x if x 0 and |x| = x if x 0. Minimum value of a2.sec2 + b2.cosec2 is (a + b)2; (0 < < 90) for eg. minimum value of 49 sec2 + 64.cosec2 is (7 + 8)2 = 225. among all shapes with the same perimeter a circle has the largest area. if one diagonal of a quadrilateral bisects the other, then it also bisects the quadrilateral. sum of all the angles of a convex quadrilateral = (n 2)180 number of diagonals in a convex quadrilateral = 0.5n(n 3)

let P, Q are the midpoints of the nonparallel sides BC and AD of a trapezium ABCD.Then, APD = CQB.

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