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2009 ME4241 Tutorial

This document provides information about the course ME 4241 Flight Dynamics, Stability & Control including: 1. Contact details for the lecturer and course website. 2. An outline of topics to be covered in the course including static and dynamic stability, longitudinal and lateral stability and control, and flight equations of motion. 3. Examples of problems at different levels of difficulty that students will work on relating to topics like aircraft performance in different atmospheric conditions, static stability and control parameters, and dynamic stability analysis.

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237 views

2009 ME4241 Tutorial

This document provides information about the course ME 4241 Flight Dynamics, Stability & Control including: 1. Contact details for the lecturer and course website. 2. An outline of topics to be covered in the course including static and dynamic stability, longitudinal and lateral stability and control, and flight equations of motion. 3. Examples of problems at different levels of difficulty that students will work on relating to topics like aircraft performance in different atmospheric conditions, static stability and control parameters, and dynamic stability analysis.

Uploaded by

leiserhartbeck
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ME 4241

Flight Dynamics, Stability & Control

G. Leng

Lecturer :

Assoc. Prof. Gerard Leng Office: E2-02-37, Tel : 6 516 6548 E-mail: [email protected],

Course Website : http://dynlab.mpe.nus.edu.sg/mpelsb/ Reference Texts: Robert C. Nelson, Flight Stability and Automatic Control, McGraw Hill, 2nd ed., 1998. Barnes W. McCormick, Aerodynamics, Aeronautics, and Flight Mechanics, John Wiley, 2nd ed., 1995 Recommended Reading: 1. Introduction 2. The Flight Environment 3. Static Longitudinal Stability 4. Static Longitudinal Control 5. Static Lateral Stability & Control 6. Aircraft orientation in 3D 7. Flight Equations of Motion 8. Dynamic Stability Analysis Nelson (1998) 1.1-1.2, 1.6 1.3, 1.5 2.2-2.3 2.4-2.5 2.6-2.9 3.3-3.4 3.1-3.2 3.5, 4.5, 5.4

The Flight Environment 1. (Basic) You are the engineer responsible for customizing a new aircraft for local conditions. (i)Your first task is to generate a chart of temperature, pressure, density ratios for 0 h 20 km for the equatorial atmosphere i.e. tropopause at 17 km. (ii)Taking TSL = 30oC, compare with the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) (TSL = 15oC, tropopause at 11 km) and comment on the differences (How significant?) Advisory: You will need this chart for the exam! 2. (Intermediate appreciating field operating conditions) Estimate the change in AOA and sideslip for a subsonic transport aircraft caught in the jet stream. Explain your method and document your sources. Compare with wind shear conditions during a microburst. Static Stability & Control 3. (Intermediate getting a feel for aircraft parameters) Estimate the wing loading and tail volume ratios for the Boeing 7x7 series of airliners. Comment and compare with the Airbus 3xx series. (Hint: You need to pick a consistent cg location. How sensitive is your result to your choice of cg location? ) 4. (Advanced some theoretical derivation) Consider the aircraft longitudinal trim equations for the wingtail combination. Show that the trim AOA and tail deflection takes the form A + B/qT where qT is the dynamic pressure. 5. (Tricky) We derived in class expressions for the neutral point (aft cg limit) and static margin (stick fixed) for a tail controlled aircraft. How will the expressions change if it were a canard controlled aircraft? How would you modify the stick-elevator mechanism for a canard controlled aircraft to satisfy FAR 23.173(a) requirements? 6. (Advanced & tricky) For the stick-free case, the tail deflection is a function of the trim AOA. Derive the expressions for the neutral point and static margin. Compare your expressions with the stick-fixed case. What is the effect on stability of freeing the tail? (This is the tricky part)

ME 4241

Flight Dynamics, Stability & Control

G. Leng

7. (Getting real) For the C130-J shown here, estimate the maximum bank angle needed for OEI flight. Length Height Wingspan Horizontal tail span Power Plant MTOW Max cruise speed 34.37 m 11.81 m 40.38 m 6.05 m Four Rolls-Royce AE2100D3 3,460 kW turboprop engines 74,390 kg 660 km/h (355 KTAS)

(Source: Lockheed and Rolls-Royce websites)

Dynamic Stability Analysis 8. (Professional - Generating a flight envelope) For an aircraft with thrust vectoring, trimmed, symmetric level flight is governed by : CL + T sin(+)/(qT S) T cos(+)/(qT S) Cm = = = (W/S)/qT CD 0

where is the angle between the thrust vector and the X body axis. For a given AOA, obtain the trim altitude and Mach number. The aerodynamic and thrust functions are of the form: CL CD Cm T = = = = CLo + CL + CL , CDo + KCL2 Cmo + Cm + Cm T o + T 1h

( Hint : Eliminate T and obtain qT in terms of first ) 9. (The 9th and final level !) At one particular trim point , the following data is available : = 1.225 kg/m3 mass = 15067 kg CY Cl Cn = = = V = 70.1 m/s Ix = 32 070 kg m2 b = 11.8 m Iz = 181 195 kg m2 S = 49.2 m2 Ixz = 2 134 kg m2

-0.655 - 0.0355 a + 0.1240 r -0.156 - 0.272 pb/(2V) + 0.205 rb/(2V) + 0.0570 a - 0.0009 r 0.199 - 0.013 pb/(2V) - 1.320 rb/(2V) - 0.0041 a - 0.0720 r

a) Derive the lateral linear small disturbance model x' = Ax + Bu. (Start with the full EOMs) b) Obtain the eigenvalues for the roll, Dutch roll and spiral modes. (Youll need Matlab or Mathematica) c) Assuming this is a class IV aircraft, check if it satisfies MIL-F-8785C, Level 1, Flight Phase A requirements. (Congratulations if you mastered all 9 levels. Smile and pat your on the back)

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