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Galvanometer Conversion

This document discusses how to convert a galvanometer into an ammeter or voltmeter. It explains that a galvanometer measures current magnitude and direction. An ammeter is made by connecting a low-resistance galvanometer in series and shunting it with a small resistance so that most of the current flows through the shunt. A voltmeter is made by connecting a high-resistance galvanometer in parallel across a circuit and placing a high resistance in series so that most of the voltage drops across the high resistance. It then gives an example of converting a 12 ohm galvanometer that deflects at 3 mA into a 0-18V voltmeter and 0-6A ammeter.

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234 views

Galvanometer Conversion

This document discusses how to convert a galvanometer into an ammeter or voltmeter. It explains that a galvanometer measures current magnitude and direction. An ammeter is made by connecting a low-resistance galvanometer in series and shunting it with a small resistance so that most of the current flows through the shunt. A voltmeter is made by connecting a high-resistance galvanometer in parallel across a circuit and placing a high resistance in series so that most of the voltage drops across the high resistance. It then gives an example of converting a 12 ohm galvanometer that deflects at 3 mA into a 0-18V voltmeter and 0-6A ammeter.

Uploaded by

ashwin_air
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conversion of Galvanometer into Voltmeter and Ammeter

02.06.09

By R. S. Saini
(M.Sc. Physics, M.Ed.)

Kendriya Vidyalaya, Sector 47, Chandigarh

9417071540

Conversion of a Galvanometer into Ammeter and Voltmeter


Galvanometer: A galvanometer is a device used to find direction of current and its magnitude. It has small resistance and is connected in series.

Conversion of a Galvanometer into Ammeter and Voltmeter


Ammeter: - It is a low resistance galvanometer, used to measure current in a circuit. The current to be measured must pass through it, hence, it is connected in series combination. An ideal ammeter should have zero resistance.

Conversion of a Galvanometer into Ammeter and Voltmeter


Voltmeter: - It is a high resistance galvanometer, used to measure potential difference between two points. It is connected across the components ends potential difference across which is to be measured. Hence, it is in parallel to that component. An ideal voltmeter must have infinite resistance.

Conversion of Galvanometer to Ammeter:


Galvanometer can be converted into ammeter by shunting it with a very small resistance. Potential difference across the galvanometer and shunt resistance are equal. (I Ig ) S = Ig G or S = Ig G I Ig I Ig G S Is = I - Ig

Conversion of Galvanometer to Voltmeter:


Galvanometer can be converted into voltmeter by connecting it with a very high resistance. Potential difference across the given load resistance is the sum of p.d across galvanometer and p.d. across the high resistance. V = Ig (G + R) V or R = Ig -G Ig G R

Numerical
A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 12 and it shows fullscale deflection at a current of 3 mA. How would you convert it into (i) voltmeter of range 0 -18V (ii) an ammeter of range 0 - 6A

A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 12 and it shows full-scale deflection at a current of 3 mA. How would you convert it into (i) voltmeter of range 0 -18V (ii) an ammeter of range 0 - 6A

Solution:
R g = 12 I g = 3mA = 3 10-3 A

V 18 (i) V = 18V hence R = Rg = 12 = 6000 12 = 5988 -3 Ig 3 10

310-3 12 (ii) I = 6A hence S = = I I g 6 310-3 Ig Rg 3610-3 3610-3 = = =6 10-3 =6 m 6 .003 5.997

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