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10 Common Orthopaedic Injuries: I.M. Doctor, M.D

Orthopaedic surgeons specialize in the treatment and health maintenance of musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, tendons, cartilage and spine) they diagnose, treat, and prevent common orthopedic injuries.

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34 views

10 Common Orthopaedic Injuries: I.M. Doctor, M.D

Orthopaedic surgeons specialize in the treatment and health maintenance of musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, tendons, cartilage and spine) they diagnose, treat, and prevent common orthopedic injuries.

Uploaded by

Star Cruise
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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10 COMMON ORTHOPAEDIC INJURIES

I.M. Doctor, M.D. My Office My City, State

The information in this presentation was provided to the presenter by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and may be modified. Endorsement of this presentation by the AAOS is not implied or inferred.
Thank you to A. Herbert Alexander, MD for his significant contributions to the content of this presentation.
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What is an orthopaedic surgeon?

MD or DO who specializes in treatment and health maintenance of musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, tendons, cartilage and spine)

What is an orthopaedic surgeon?

The expert in treating the musculoskeletal system The expert in maintaining musculoskeletal health

Educating an Orthopaedic Surgeon


College Medical School Orthopaedic Internship and Residency Fellowship (optional) 2 Years Practice

4 4 5 (1) 2 16 years!

TOTAL
5

What do orthopaedic surgeons do?

Diagnose Treat
Medication Physical Exercise Brace Surgery

Therapy

Prevent

Common Orthopaedic Injuries


1.

2.
3. 4. 5.

Ankle Sprain Plantar Fasciitis Tennis Elbow ACL Tear Meniscus Tear

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Shoulder Dislocation Rotator Cuff Tear Stress Fractures Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Distal Radius Fracture

Acute vs. Overuse Injuries

Acute - sudden trauma such as sprains, strains, bruises, and fractures


Overuse - series of repeated small injuries

Ankle Sprain

Ligament injury Ankle pain, tenderness, swelling


Twisting force

One or more of these ligaments can be torn or stretched.


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Illustration reproduced with permission from The Body Almanac, Rosemont, IL American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003

Ankle Sprain

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Ankle Sprain
R.I.C.E. Rehabilitation Anti-inflammatory Brace

Illustration reproduced with permission from The Body Almanac, Rosemont, IL American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003

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Plantar Fasciitis

Microtears of plantar fascia


Painful heel

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Plantar Fasciitis

Tape heel, arch Customized orthotics Stretching Massage Exercises

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Plantar Fasciitis - Treatment


Warm up well before sports or activities Ice heel, 20-30 minutes after sports or stretching Anti-inflammatories Night splint Massage

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Plantar Fasciitis

Prepare before running Wear good, supportive shoes Arch support Keep feet strong Avoid activities that cause heel pain See orthopaedic surgeon if pain persists

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Tennis Elbow
Lateral epicondyle

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Tennis Elbow
Warm up, stretch before play Correct, maintained equipment Condition beforehand Evaluate cause

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ACL Injury

Direct blow to knee Non-contact injury, with foot planted and an and attempted change in direction Landing on straight leg Making abrupt stops

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ACL Tear
Normal anatomy
Anterior cruciate ligament Femur Anterior cruciate ligament tears Femur slips

Hyperextension

Patella

Tibia
Fibula

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Illustration reproduced with permission from The Body Almanac, Rosemont, IL American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003

ACL Tear

Treatment surgical Incidence of ACL much higher among female athletes


Combination

of causal factors

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ACL Tear- Prevention


Land safely from jumps Practice cutting maneuvers Use little steps to stop Strengthening exercises

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Meniscus Tear

Helps knee joint carry weight, glide, and turn Twisting injury Football and other contact sports

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Meniscus Tear
Pain Giving way Locking Clicking Swelling

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Meniscus Tear

Normal meniscus
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Torn meniscus

Normal Shoulder

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Reproduced with permission from Thompson WO, Warren RF, Barnes RP, Hunt S: Shoulder Injuries in Schenck RC (ed): Athletic Training and Sports Medicine, 3rd Edition. Rosemont, IL American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 1999

Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation

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Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation


Intense pain Shoulder looks out of place or locked in certain positions Muscle spasms Bruises, swelling, numbness, weakness

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Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation

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Reproduced with permission from: Soft Tissue Trauma, in Bernstein J (ed):Musculoskeletal Medicine. Rosemont, IL American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003

Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation

Closed grip pull-downs Rotation exercises Resistance exercises Surgery

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Rotator Cuff Tear

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Rotator Cuff Tear


Shoulder pain Worse at night Weakness Catching Limited motion

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Rotator Cuff Tear


Treatment
Rest Cold & heat Sling Physical Therapy NSAIDS Injection Surgery

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Rotator Cuff Tear


Prevention

Avoid repetitive activities with the arm at shoulder level or higher


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Stress Fractures
Calcaneus
Tibia Fibula Lateral malleolus Ankle joint (tibiotalar joint) Metatarsals Phalanges Midfoot (tarsals) Medial malleolus Talus Talus

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Illustration reproduced with permission from The Body Almanac, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003

Stress Fractures
Micro-cracks Pain Overuse

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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome


Median nerve Transverse carpal ligament Flexor tendons

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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome


Clumsiness

Numbness

Tingling
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Pain

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Splint or brace at night Cortisone injections Anti-inflammatories Surgery to release ligament

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Distal Radius Fracture

Also known as wrist fracture Fall on outstretched hand Snowboarders, skaters Nondisplaced - cast Displaced - surgery

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Normal Wrist

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Distal Radius Fracture

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Wrist Fracture Cast Care


Keep it dry Dont pull out the padding Dont stick objects inside Keep dirt, sand & powder out Dont break off or trim edges

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Wrist Fracture Cast Care


Signs of trouble: Increased pain & feeling cast is too tight Numbness or tingling in the hand Burning or stinging Excessive swelling in the hands and fingers Loss of active movement of fingers Loosening

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Overuse Injuries & Boomeritis

Training errors Improper technique

Less-than-optimal environment
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Overuse Injuries

Change intensity, duration, frequency Warm up Heat before, ice after

Cross train Technique

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Boomeritis
Exercise - key, but . . .

Bike accidents prevail


Mortality > children < 50% wear helmets

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Boomeritis

tendinitis

sprains

bursitis
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strains

Treatment

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Treatment

R.I.C.E. Alter or stop sports activities Physical therapy & medication Surgery may be warranted

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When to See the Physician

Inability to play Decreased ability to play Visible deformity Severe pain

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Preventing Sports Injuries


Know and abide by rules Wear appropriate protective gear Know how to use equipment Never play through pain

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Preventing Sports Injuries

Skilled Instruction Wear safety gear!

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Preventing Sports Injuries

Warm up & stretching are two separate steps!

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Preventing Sports Injuries


Warm up: Marching Walking or jogging Mimic the sport

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Preventing Sports Injuries


Stretching:

You should NOT feel pain Hold stretch 30 seconds Relax into the stretch

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Overuse Injuries

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Dont Increase Activity by More Than 10% Per Week

10% Rule

Resources
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 6300 N. River Road Rosemont, IL 60018 www.orthoinfo.org

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10 Common Orthopaedic Injuries

What are your questions and concerns?

60

10 Common Orthopaedic Injuries

Remember, your orthopaedic surgeon can help get you back in the game!

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