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Chapter 3 - States of Matter: 3.1 Solids, Liquids, and Gases

The document discusses the three common states of matter - solids, liquids, and gases. It describes their key properties including definite vs indefinite shape and volume, and how particles move and interact. It then covers plasma and Bose-Einstein condensates as other states of matter. The second part discusses gas laws including pressure, temperature, volume, Charles' Law, Boyle's Law, and the Combined Gas Law. The third part covers phase changes between solids, liquids, and gases including melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, sublimation and deposition. Key concepts are that a phase change is a physical change between states of matter, and energy is absorbed or released in an endothermic or exother

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630 views3 pages

Chapter 3 - States of Matter: 3.1 Solids, Liquids, and Gases

The document discusses the three common states of matter - solids, liquids, and gases. It describes their key properties including definite vs indefinite shape and volume, and how particles move and interact. It then covers plasma and Bose-Einstein condensates as other states of matter. The second part discusses gas laws including pressure, temperature, volume, Charles' Law, Boyle's Law, and the Combined Gas Law. The third part covers phase changes between solids, liquids, and gases including melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, sublimation and deposition. Key concepts are that a phase change is a physical change between states of matter, and energy is absorbed or released in an endothermic or exother

Uploaded by

api-30718309
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 3 States of Matter

3.1 Solids, Liquids, and Gases


Solids: 1. Definite ________________
2. Definite ________________________
3. Particles vibrate in _____________________________
4. Particles have ___________________________________

Liquids: 1.
2.
3.
4.
Gases: 1.
2.
3.
4.

Variable shape-_________________________________________________
Definite _________________________
Particles can move around each other
Particles have ______________________________________________

Variable _______________________
Variable _____________________________________________________________
Particles move about ________________________
Particles have ________________________________

Plasma: 1. Exists only at _________________________________________


2. _______________of the matter in the UNIVERSE is plasma
3. Stars are ______________________
Bose-Einstein Condensate Exists only at extremely low temperatures-Groups of atoms behave as a single
Kinetic Theory
Kinetic energy = _______________________________________________________________
The faster an object is moving; the greater its ______________________________.
Kinetic theory states that all particles of matter are in _________________________________.

Do Data Analysis p. 71
Do Section Assessment Questions 1-6 p. 74
Make a poster comparing and contrasting solids, liquids, and gases including the motion and
distance of the particles.

3.2 The Gas Laws


Pressure = ___________________________________________________________________
In a closed container, gases exert ____________________ when the particles of the gas collide with the
walls of the container
Factors That Affect Gas Pressure
_________________________________ raising temp. will increase pressure if volume of gas and # of
particles are kept constant
Inc. in temp. part. move faster part. collide with walls more frequently increased pressure

____________________ Decreasing volume of a gas causes an increase in pressure if the temp. and #
of part. are constant
Decrease in vol. less space particles collide with walls more often inc. pressure
______________________________ increasing the number of particles of a gas will increase pressure
if temp. and volume are constant
Inc. # of particles particles collide with container more often inc. pressure
Gas Laws
Charles Law ___________________of a gas is DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL to ____________________________
Inc. Temp. x2 Inc. Vol. x2 Do all of the rewrites of this equation below.
V1 = V2
T1
T2
Boyles Law __________________ of a gas is INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL to _____________________
Inc. Vol. x2 Dec. pressure by Do all of the rewrites of this equation below.
P1V1 = P2V2

_________________________________ relates temperature, volume and pressure of a gas. Do all of


the rewrites of this equation below.
P1V1
=
P2V2
T1
T2

Do Quick lab-can crushing p. 79


Section assessment questions 1-7 p. 81
Do Boyles, Charles, and Combined Gas Law Problem Sheets
Do Boyles and Charless Law labs

3.3 Phase Changes


_____________________________ reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes
from one state of matter to another
___________________________ of a substance DOES NOT CHANGE during a phase change. ex. freezing
and melting temps. are the same.
Energy is either absorbed or released during a phase change:
1. Endothermic _______________________________________________________
2. Exothermic _________________________________________________________
Melting and Freezing
Melting: 1. Solid changes to _______________________
2. Particles ____________________________ (endothermic)

3. Particles become _______________________________


Freezing: 1. Liquid changes to ____________________
2. Particles ________________________ (exothermic)
3. Particles become _____________________________________
Vaporization and Condensation
Vaporization: 1. Liquid changes into a -___________________________
2. Particles ___________________________________ (endothermic)
3. Particles become -_________________________ and more free to move
4. 2 types of vaporization: a. _________________ takes place at the surface of a liquid
b. _______ occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point
Condensation: 1. Gas changes to a ___________________
2. Particles _________________________________________ (exothermic)
3. Particles become ______________________________________
Sublimation and Deposition
Sublimation: 1. Changing from a solid directly to a ________________
2. Energy is _______________________ (endothermic)
Deposition: 1. Changing from a gas directly to a ____________________________
2. Energy is _______________________ (exothermic)

Section Assessment Questions 1-6 p. 91


Quick Lab Observing Phase Changes
Exploration Lab: Investigating Changes in Temperature During Heating of Solids.

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