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101 - Set Concepts and Naming Sets

Here are 3 key points I learned about sets from today's lesson: 1. A set is a well-defined collection of distinct objects called elements or members. Sets are named using capital letters and their elements can be listed or the set can be described. 2. The cardinality of a set refers to the number of elements in the set and is represented by n(A). A subset is a set formed from some or all elements of a given set. 3. There are different methods for defining sets, such as listing elements, using a rule to describe common properties, or using set-builder notation. Sets and their subsets can be represented visually using diagrams.

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April Patigas
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279 views23 pages

101 - Set Concepts and Naming Sets

Here are 3 key points I learned about sets from today's lesson: 1. A set is a well-defined collection of distinct objects called elements or members. Sets are named using capital letters and their elements can be listed or the set can be described. 2. The cardinality of a set refers to the number of elements in the set and is represented by n(A). A subset is a set formed from some or all elements of a given set. 3. There are different methods for defining sets, such as listing elements, using a rule to describe common properties, or using set-builder notation. Sets and their subsets can be represented visually using diagrams.

Uploaded by

April Patigas
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SETS

Basic Terms and Concept Naming Sets

DEFINTION A set is a well-defined collection of objects which are called elements or members. A well defined set is a set whose elements can clearly be determined.

ANOTHER EXAMPLE WELL DEFINED SET: The set of members of one direction NOT WELL DEFINED: SET OF BEST BAND

ANOTHER EXAMPLE WELL DEFINED SET: The set of months in a year


NOT WELL DEFINED: The hottest months of the year

DEFINTION Sets are named using capital letters. Ellipsis () are used only if there is a clear pattern of elements in a set and that some of these elements are not shown or written.

EXAMPLES

O = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9} E = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20} W = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, }

DEFINTION The elements of a set are the distinct members included in the discussion.

EXAMPLES

A = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25 }

4 A

2 A

B = {1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21}

21 B 14 B

DEFINTION The cardinality of a set refers to the number of elements in a set.

n(A)

EXAMPLES

A = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25 } B = {1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21}

n(B) 7

What is n(A)?

DEFINTION Universal set refers to the set which contains all the elements under discussion.

EXAMPLES

U = {all counting numbers} U = {all odd numbers} U = {all even numbers}


U = {all positive integers}

DEFINTION Subsets are sets that are formed from some or all elements of a given set.

AB BA

IN PICTURES

B
A U

EXAMPLES

U = {all odd numbers}


C = {1, 3, 5} D = {99, 101, 103}

EXAMPLES

C = {1, 3, 5}
What are the subset of set C? How many subsets did you form? Is it possible to determine the number of subsets whose cardinality is infinite?

EXAMPLES

C = {1, 3, 5}
Is it possible to make a subset that contains all the elements of the original set?
Is it possible to make a subset that has no elements?

FORMULA

n is the number of elements in


the given set

A CLOSER LOOK
E = {January, February, March, .December}
Is it a well defined set? Can you give two elements of set E? What is the n (E)? Can you give one subset of set E? How do you describe set E?

LISTING OR ROSTER METHOD


enumerating the elements of a set inside a pair of braces. Example: Y= {January, February, MarchDecember}

RULE OR DESCRIPTION METHOD


describing the common property of the elements in a set without enumerating the elements. Example: Y is the set of months in a year.

SET BUILDER NOT TION A Often used in higher mathematics courses and is easier to understand and more convenient to use since it is concise. Example:
Y = { x | x is a month in a year}

SYNTHESIS
[Journal]: Write 3 important points that you learned about todays topic.

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