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Operational Amplifier Exam Question

The circuit in Fig. 1a is a differential amplifier with an infinite gain and input impedance and negligible output impedance. Its transfer function is derived as V0/Vi = -Z2/Z1. For the circuit in Fig. 1b: (i) The input impedance is derived as ZIN = V/I = R1R(1+jωCR2)/R2. (ii) To simulate an inductor with 10mH and 1kΩ, suitable component values are R1 = 100Ω, R2 = 500Ω, C = 20nF.

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Kuseswar Prasad
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849 views

Operational Amplifier Exam Question

The circuit in Fig. 1a is a differential amplifier with an infinite gain and input impedance and negligible output impedance. Its transfer function is derived as V0/Vi = -Z2/Z1. For the circuit in Fig. 1b: (i) The input impedance is derived as ZIN = V/I = R1R(1+jωCR2)/R2. (ii) To simulate an inductor with 10mH and 1kΩ, suitable component values are R1 = 100Ω, R2 = 500Ω, C = 20nF.

Uploaded by

Kuseswar Prasad
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operational amplifier exam question a) In the circuit of Fig.

1a, the differential amplifier has infinite gain, infinite input impedance and negligible output impedance. Derive an expression for the circuits transfer function V0 / Vi . b) i) Show that the input impedance of the circuit in Fig. 1b is given by:

Z IN =

V R1 R {1 + jCR2 } = I 2R2

ii) The circuit is used to simulate a real inductor having inductance of 10 mH and effective series resistance of 1 k . If R = 10 k, suggest suitable values for R1, R2 and C.

Z2 Z1

+ V0

Vi

Fig. 1a

R R I R2 R R1 + C

+
-

V R

Fig. 1b

Solution

a)

In the circuit of Fig 1a, for the ideal differential amplifier the inverting input is a virtual earth. So the current through Z1 is Vi/Z1 and the current through Z2 is Vo/Z2 and applying Kirchhoffs Current Law at the inverting input:

V i Vo + =0 Z1 Z 2
b) i)

so:

Vo Z = 2 Vi Z1

Consider the circuit in two stages with input and output voltages as defined in the diagram below: I2 I1 R I R R2

+
R R1

V R

V1

V0

For the first stage the potential of the non-inverting input is defined by the voltage V, while the inverting input potential is equal to the stage output voltage V1 potential divided by the resistances R: V = V1/2 so: V1 = 2V The second stage is an inverting amplifier, to which the result from part a) can be applied:

1 + jCR2 1 1 = + jC = Z 2 R2 R2

Z2 =

R2 1 + jCR2

and so: Now

Z 1 = R1 V0 Z R = 2 = 2 V1 Z1 R1 1 1 + jCR2 V0 2R = 2 V R1 1 1 + jCR2

V0 Z R = 2 = 2 V1 Z1 R1

1 1 + j CR2

V0 2R = 2 V R1

1 1 + j CR2
1 1 + jCR2

and from the circuit above:

V V1 V V0 V 2V V 2VR2 I = I1 + I2 = + + + = R R R R R R1 R
so:

V R1 R {1 + jCR2 } = R1 R + jC R1 R = I 2 R2 2 R2 2 ii)
The inductor has complex impedance: Z L = R L + jL =

R1 R RR + jC 1 2 R2 2

so with RL = 1 k L = 10 mH, R = 10 k: ,

R1 1 = 2 R2 10
alternative values: R1 100 1 k 2 k 10 k

5 R1 = R2

and

10

R1 .10 4 =C 2

CR1 = 2 s

R2 500 5 k 10 k 50 k

C 20 nF 2 nF 1 nF 200 pF * *

* most suitable values for use with a general-purpose differential amplifier

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