The Role Of The Government In Improving And Developing A Country The role of government is guided by principles that covers

all aspects of life. The rule of one man vote, the guidance determined by the public interests, as well as the economic objectives and so on. It also provides the constrains and criteria of economic process of government behavior. Rules and guidelines which promote and enhance the private effort growth and secure at the same time a necessary framework for a government to enact, finance and implement a program for constructing developmental ideas for a country. The role of government in research and development needs to evolve with changes in circumstance and institutions. In the past, because developing countries were at a low level of technological development, governments had to lay the foundations for building infrastructure, including the establishment of government research institutes and research complexes, and the promotion of projects. However, as developing countries improve their economic status, they need indigenous technological development and enterprises with resident capabilities superior to those of government institutes. This is only possible through changes in the role of government. The problems of developing countries are of such magnitude that they cannot be left to the free interplay of the economic forces. Government action is, therefore, indispensable for the economic development of such countries. Therefore, in the early phase of development, investments made by the government to promote externalities, that is, investment in economic and social overheads like power, transport, education, health, etc. are necessary. In practice, much of the business activity that has so far been labelled has been driven by the concerns of investors, companies, campaign groups and consumers based in the worlds richest countries. National CSR (corporate social responsibility) agendas in middle and low-income countries have been less visible internationally, and have often not been labelled CSR. The result

has been CSR practices that are largely framed in rich countries, then internationalized and transferred to other businesses and social settings through international trade, investment, and development assistance. The strategic challenge for governments at national and local levels is how best to shape an agenda that has been largely market-driven and responsive to concerns of rich country stakeholders. The explosion of digital connectivity, the significant improvements in communication and information technologies and the enforced global competition are revolutionizing the way business is performed and the way organizations compete. A new, complex and rapidly changing economic order has emerged based on disruptive innovation, discontinuities, abrupt and seditious change. The government should take hold of These trends suggest that private and public organizations have to reinvent themselves through continuous non-linear innovation in order to sustain themselves and achieve strategic competitive advantage. The extant literature highlights the great potential of tool s for operational efficiency, cost reduction, quality of services, convenience, innovation and learning in private and public sectors. The initiatives of government agencies and departments to use different tools and applications, Internet and mobile devices to support good governance, strengthen existing relationships and build new partnerships within civil society, are great initiatives. There is also the idea of global network readiness that will enable developing countries seeking strategic guidance in policy, regulatory and network readiness development to access resources, as they become more active in the global information economy and society participation. The challenge of bridging the digital divide is a discouraging one, but they must recognize that priority be given to this issues by those developing countries themselves. That said, the innovative government-private partnership represents a powerful resource that enables a

countriy to access the added value they seek on the front end of the information revolution. The potential significance of the in term of economic and social development is enormous. The promise is that, in particularly with the wide spread of the Internet is to broaden and enhance access to information through a service that can be reached anywhere in the world that has connectivity. The Internet is a way of lessening the traditional disadvantages of the developing country. The government can offer better business opportunities, the possibility to leapfrog directly to

customers. It also offers the hope of delivering basic services such as health and education more efficiently by allowing people to follow lectures wherever they are. Basically, the main role of government is to develop the ICT infrastructure, particularly in government and public service institutions, improve the public awareness and set up the strong dissemination program for bridging the digital divide with increase the ICT access. Moreover, the role of government demonstrate support for Internet application at highest levels of government, develop ICT infrastructure, promote ICT know-how and education system. Promote an active public awareness campaign., promote private sector participation. Promote the use of tele-centers and other means to extend access to under served communities. Develop ICT dissemination program in government institutions, universities and other public service institution. Develop an ICT operator to fulfill the public need and even set up a tariff policy to avoid inefficiency tariff. Despite technological advances in agriculture, nearly a billion people around the world still suffer from hunger and poor nutrition while a billion are overweight or obese. This imbalance highlights the need not only to focus on food production but also to implement successful food policies. Food Policy made by the government offers a "social entrepreneurship" approach to food policy analysis. Calling on a wide variety of disciplines including economics, nutrition, sociology,

anthropology, environmental science, medicine, and geography, the authors show how all elements in the food system function together. In all countries, the production and development of a country can be public or private, at the discretion of local or regional governments. Responsibilities for public services other than such purely local ones as fire protection could be shared, using guidelines. The assignment of public services of the governments or to metropolitan or regional governments can be based to

considerations such as economies of scale, economies of scope (appropriate bundling of local public services to improve efficiency through information and coordination economies and enhanced accountability through voter participation and cost recovery) and cost-benefit spillovers, proximity to beneficiaries, consumer preferences, and budgetary choices about the composition of spending. All important in the idea of economic growth. In industrial countries, special-purpose agencies also assigned by the government or bodies deliver a wide range of metropolitan and regional public services, including education, health, planning, recreation, and environmental protection. Such bodies can include library boards; transit and police commissions; and utilities providing water, gas, and electricity. These agencies deal with public services whose delivery areas transcend political jurisdictions and are better financed by loans, user charges, and earmarked benefit taxes, such as a supplementary mill rate on a property tax base to finance a local school board. If kept to a minimum, such agencies help fully exploit economies of scale in the delivery of services where political boundaries are not consistent with service areas. In terms of budget the effects of budget deficits in developing countries on output, inflation and the balance of payments are examined by the goverment. Reduced form relationships are estimated; these generally show negligible or negative multipliers for output. These perversities are attributed to confidence effects. An attempt to model these effects via rational expectations

structural models is made. The resulting forecasting performance and simulation properties are exhibited by the government to produce results. There are so many things the government has to offer in order for the experiences from the cases how clearly pointing out that governments have a critical role to play in removing or adjusting policy, regulatory and technical barriers that prevent small-scale finance from happening. Access to modern tactics and services will grow at a higher rate in countries where governments take strong leadership in setting pro-active policies and regulations and simultaneously facilitate the innovative models for small-scale finance directed to improvement and development. Objective baseline information about the priority regions in the country needs to be available in order to help the local energy enterprises and financial institutions initiate or expand ideas for development. With enough resource and the perceived that financial institutions see in expanding into improvement, it is necessary for the government to take a leadership role in assessing the gaps and identifying opportunities in the priority regions for improving the such. This means that the government must first send a strong signal to clearly identify priority regions and concrete goals for the region. Second, the government needs to support an assessment of the development including an overview of which modern energy systems, services, and enterprises are currently available and at what cost, the productive capacity of the target goal, and the strength of institutions providing once it is done. All of these guided by a strong nation to move forward and follow the standards for economic growth.

Columban College Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management

The Role Of Government In Improving And Developing A Country

Submitted by: John Peter Gonzales

March 12, 2012