Scribd
Upload
108 views16 pages

Submitted By-:: Ajay Singh

Power line carrier communication is a method of transmitting information using power lines by injecting a high frequency signal. It has been found to be an economical and reliable method of medium to long distance communication. PLCC systems consist of a transmitter that varies a carrier signal to convey information, coupling devices to connect to high voltage power lines, and a receiver. However, power lines are not well-suited for high frequencies and signal attenuation is a problem. Noise from electrical appliances also interferes with signals. Modulation techniques used in PLCC networks include OFDM, GSMK, and DSSS to overcome the nonlinear and noisy channel characteristics of power lines.

Uploaded by

vkbadal01
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
108 views16 pages

Submitted By-:: Ajay Singh

Power line carrier communication is a method of transmitting information using power lines by injecting a high frequency signal. It has been found to be an economical and reliable method of medium to long distance communication. PLCC systems consist of a transmitter that varies a carrier signal to convey information, coupling devices to connect to high voltage power lines, and a receiver. However, power lines are not well-suited for high frequencies and signal attenuation is a problem. Noise from electrical appliances also interferes with signals. Modulation techniques used in PLCC networks include OFDM, GSMK, and DSSS to overcome the nonlinear and noisy channel characteristics of power lines.

Uploaded by

vkbadal01
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Submitted by- : Ajay Singh

Power

line carrier communication is the method of transmitting information using power network. frequency signal injection over the electrical power line.

Power Line Carrier communication systems consist of a high

Power line carrier communication has been found to be the

most economical and reliable method of communication for medium or long distance. off , make use of a device for proper functioning of PLCC called battery charger.

PLCC work on rectified AC or main supply, when supply goes

Process of varying a carrier signal to use the signal to convey information

A power line carrier (PLC) communication system operating

on a conventional three wire Hot (H), Neutral (N) and Ground (G) wires power line. Pairs H, N and G wires of the power line are selected in sequence for transmission of the PLC system RF and the pair that results in the best communication between a system transmitter and receiver is used for continuing communication. The telephone communication system cannot be directly connected to the high voltage lines suitably designed coupling devices. These usually consist of high voltage capacitor with polaritical devices used in conjunction with suitable line matching unit (LMU).

Not Designed for High Frequencies. Power line "hostile" to signal propagation.

Attenuation in PLC Decrease in amplitude of an electrical signal Opposite of amplification Dependant upon Impedance. Impedance in PLC Maximum signal received only when impedance of all components (transmitter, power line, receiver) match. Power line systems vary significantly, also varies with signal frequencies, time, load pattern.

Major source: Electrical Appliance e.g. run vacuum cleaner when TV On. 50 Hz Also in radio signals from broadcast, commercial,

military, CB, amateur stations.

Categories of Appliance noise Impulsive: on/off switches Periodic impulsive: dimmers Continuous impulsive: AC motors (vacuum,

shavers).

The modulation used in plcc network are followings-:


Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM).

Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying(GSMK).

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum(DSSS).

Ability to overcome nonlinear channel

characteristics.

PLC is very nonlinear Requires expensive, complex equalization to obtain more than 10 Mbps. Should overcome without highly involved channel equalization
Ability to adjust dynamically
PLC changes with load Must track without large overhead or complexity

X-10 Protocol It is originally unidirectional controller to devices Typically, signals over PL to receivers controlling lights & appliances. Poor bandwidth utilization from 60 bps on 60 Hz line Poor reliability in noisy environments. Limited application. CE Bus Protocol Peer-to-peer communication It avoids collisions via CSMA/CRCD protocol (carrier sense multiple access/collision resolution & collision detection) Physical layer: spread spectrum technology patented by Intellon Corp. Data rate ~10kb/s Frequency used limits use in North America.

Lon Works Protocol It Uses CSMA Narrow band spread spectrum modulation i.e 125 to 140

kHz.

Patented noise cancellation technique means Preserves

data in presence of noise.

It can be used in N. America and Europe Due to narrow

band.

Home Plug 1.0 Protocol


It Still uses DSL or cable for Internet into home. CSMA/CA for collision avoidance
MAC stands for medium access control and maintain virtual

timer. Physical layer detects preamble of frame.

No separate wires are needed for communication

purpose. Power lines provides the shortest route between the power station. Both communication and power transfer can be possible on same circuit. Implementation cost is reduced. Increased reliability.

High voltage lines have transformer connections,

which attenuate carrier currents.


case of telephone lines.

Noise introduced by power lines is far more than in

Reflection are produced on spur lines connected to

high voltage line. This increased attenuation and create other problem.

Point to point communication.


Load shading.

Power line protection.


Fault indicator

PLC is shared channel (like Wi-Fi)

Robust security is serious issue.


Encryption necessary in security as well as in

complexity
Rivest: 128 bit key
Home Plug: DES - 56 bit key

Intrusion & interference from adjacent subnets


Decoupling filters - isolate circuits at meter. Can also "separate" power line with router.

The electric power grid is

about to face an important renewal in which the information and communication technologies are of vital importance. but this technology Use of Power grid for communication. it is important to have a solid communication and Extensive infrastructure in Every Building. PLCC networks provide a proprietary solution and enough reliability and quality conditions

Thank You!!

You might also like